NO178897B - Process for the production of tall oil - Google Patents
Process for the production of tall oil Download PDFInfo
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- NO178897B NO178897B NO915117A NO915117A NO178897B NO 178897 B NO178897 B NO 178897B NO 915117 A NO915117 A NO 915117A NO 915117 A NO915117 A NO 915117A NO 178897 B NO178897 B NO 178897B
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- Prior art keywords
- tall oil
- soap
- soft
- minutes
- hydrochloric acid
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- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPZZWWFHZYZBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid;butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O.OC(=O)CCC(O)=O OPZZWWFHZYZBRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
- C11B13/005—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials of residues of the fabrication of wood-cellulose (in particular tall-oil)
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av tallolje fra bløt talloljesåpe, som oppstår som biprodukt i celluloseindustrien, og å separere den således fremstilte tallolje fra moderluten og ligninet. The present invention relates to a method for producing tall oil from soft tall oil soap, which occurs as a by-product in the cellulose industry, and to separate the thus produced tall oil from the mother liquor and lignin.
Som biprodukt i celluloseindustrien oppstår verdifull talloljesåpe som i produksjonen av tremassen samler seg på overflaten av løsningen under konsentrasjonen av moderluten, dvs. i forbindelse med vanninndampningen. Den bløte såpe skummes av fra karets overflate og surgjøres, hvorved det fremstilles tallolje. Talloljen destilleres videre, hvorved det erholdes verdifulle kolofoniumsyrer og fettsyrer som destillasj onsfraksj oner. Valuable tall oil soap is produced as a by-product in the cellulose industry, which in the production of the wood pulp collects on the surface of the solution during the concentration of the mother liquor, i.e. in connection with the evaporation of water. The soft soap is skimmed off the surface of the vessel and acidified, whereby tall oil is produced. The tall oil is further distilled, whereby valuable rosin acids and fatty acids are obtained as distillation fractions.
Reaksjonen er kjemisk enkel, og kolofoniumsyrene og fettsyrene, som foreligger i form av natriumsalter, får reagere med svovelsyre, hvorved det oppstår karboksylsyrer hhv. natriumsulfat. The reaction is chemically simple, and the rosin acids and fatty acids, which are present in the form of sodium salts, are allowed to react with sulfuric acid, whereby carboxylic acids or sodium sulfate.
For surgjøringen av bløt talloljesåpe er det blitt brukt svovelsyre, ettersom denne er velegnet for formålet da den gjør det mulig å tilsette nøytralisert svovelsyre i den kjemiske cyklus i treforedlingen. Det således oppståtte natriumsulfat er et nyttig bidrag når det gjelder å erstatte svoveltapene under massefremstillingsprosessen. Men på grunn av miljøvernrestriksjonene har treforedlingsfabrikkene redusert sitt svovelutslipp således at svovelsyren som er anvendt i surgjøringsprosessen av bløt talloljesåpe, ikke lenger kan anvendes for å erstatte de betraktelig reduserte svoveltap i massefremstillingen. Derfor har man ved fremstilling av tallolje bestrebet seg på å utvikle alter-native surgjøringsmetoder. For the acidification of soft tall oil soap, sulfuric acid has been used, as this is suitable for the purpose as it makes it possible to add neutralized sulfuric acid in the chemical cycle in wood processing. The sodium sulphate thus produced is a useful contribution when it comes to replacing the sulfur losses during the pulping process. But due to the environmental protection restrictions, the wood processing factories have reduced their sulfur emissions so that the sulfuric acid used in the acidification process of soft tall oil soap can no longer be used to replace the considerably reduced sulfur losses in pulp production. Therefore, in the production of tall oil, efforts have been made to develop alternative acidification methods.
I forbindelse med foreliggende oppfinnelse ble det over-raskende funnet at for å surgjøre bløt talloljesåpe, kan enverdig saltsyre anvendes istedenfor toverdig svovelsyre. Mengden av saltsyre som er nødvendig for en like stor mengde bløt talloljesåpe, er lik mengden av toverdig svovelsyre. Saltsyre er billig, lett tilgjengelig, og spillvæsken som oppstår ved surgjøring med saltsyre, er ekologisk mer gunstig enn spillvæske fra surgjøring med svovelsyre. In connection with the present invention, it was surprisingly found that to acidify soft tall oil soap, monovalent hydrochloric acid can be used instead of divalent sulfuric acid. The amount of hydrochloric acid required for an equal amount of soft tall oil soap is equal to the amount of divalent sulfuric acid. Hydrochloric acid is cheap, easily available, and the waste liquid produced by acidification with hydrochloric acid is ecologically more favorable than waste liquid from acidification with sulfuric acid.
Når det gjelder korrosjonsegenskapene er svovelsyre og saltsyre meget like. Ved visse betingelser og ved visse konsentrasjoner er imidlertid svovelsyre mer korroderende enn saltsyre, og også derfor er anvendelse av svovelsyre ikke å anbefale. As far as the corrosion properties are concerned, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are very similar. Under certain conditions and at certain concentrations, however, sulfuric acid is more corrosive than hydrochloric acid, and therefore the use of sulfuric acid is not recommended.
De essensielle karakteriserende trekk ved oppfinnelsen er angitt i de medfølgende krav. The essential characterizing features of the invention are stated in the accompanying claims.
Saltsyren, fortynnet, konsentrert eller som gassformet hydrogenklorid, anvendes i en mengde som er tilstrekkelig for å nøytralisere fettsyrene og kolofoniumsyrene som er tilstede i den bløte talloljesåpe. Overskudd forårsaker ekstra omkostninger. The hydrochloric acid, diluted, concentrated or as gaseous hydrogen chloride, is used in an amount sufficient to neutralize the fatty acids and rosin acids present in the soft tall oil soap. Surplus causes additional costs.
Surgjøringen av bløt talloljesåpe utføres i temperaturom-rådet 60 til 220°C, fortrinnsvis i området 85 til 100°C. Ved temperaturer over 100°C kan en reaksjon under trykk overveies. Reaksjonstiden er ikke særlig signifikant, men den beste tid ble funnet å være 10 til 30 minutter. Ingen fordeler ble oppnådd med lengre tider. The acidification of soft tall oil soap is carried out in the temperature range 60 to 220°C, preferably in the range 85 to 100°C. At temperatures above 100°C, a reaction under pressure can be considered. The reaction time is not very significant, but the best time was found to be 10 to 30 minutes. No benefits were obtained with longer times.
Forandringene i kvaliteten på den bløte talloljesåpe er avhengig av kvaliteten på tømmeret som anvendes ved produksjonen av massen. Når man anvender bare furu, får man bløt talloljesåpe av god kvalitet, og den erholdte talloljes syretall er 140 til 160 mg KOH/g, og innholdet av kolofo-niumsyre er 30 til 50%. Men når man anvender bjørk, forandres den bløte såpens kvalitet således at syretallet for den respektive tallolje er 100 til 12 0 mg KOH/g eller lavere, og kolofoniumsyreinnholdet er da 2 0 til 3 0%. Uavhengig av kvaliteten kan saltsyre med fordel anvendes i surgj©ringsprosessen av talloljer istedenfor svovelsyre. The changes in the quality of the soft tall oil soap depend on the quality of the timber used in the production of the pulp. When only pine is used, soft tall oil soap of good quality is obtained, and the acid value of the tall oil obtained is 140 to 160 mg KOH/g, and the content of rosin acid is 30 to 50%. But when birch is used, the quality of the soft soap changes so that the acid number for the respective tall oil is 100 to 120 mg KOH/g or lower, and the rosin acid content is then 20 to 30%. Regardless of the quality, hydrochloric acid can be advantageously used in the acidification process of tall oils instead of sulfuric acid.
Etter surgj©ringsprosessen kan talloljeskiktet separeres fra moderluten og ligninet enten ved å la skiktene separere eller ved å sentrifugere dem i en sentrifuge. After the fermentation process, the tall oil layer can be separated from the mother liquor and the lignin either by letting the layers separate or by centrifuging them in a centrifuge.
Oppfinnelsen illustreres med følgende eksempler. The invention is illustrated with the following examples.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
42 ml 37%ig saltsyre ble anvendt, og 42 ml vann ble tilsatt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 80°C. Til blandingen ble det gradvis tilsatt 190 g 50%ig bløt talloljesåpe. Dette fikk blandes i 10 minutter ved 80'C og i 15 minutter ved 90 °C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et gradert glass. Skiktene fikk separere ved 80°C i 30 minutter, hvoretter talloljen kunne dekanteres av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 42 ml of 37% hydrochloric acid was used, and 42 ml of water was added. The mixture was heated to 80°C. 190 g of 50% soft tall oil soap was gradually added to the mixture. This was allowed to mix for 10 minutes at 80°C and for 15 minutes at 90°C, after which the mixture was poured into a graduated glass. The layers were allowed to separate at 80°C for 30 minutes, after which the tallow oil could be decanted off. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Eksempel 2 Example 2
50 ml ble anvendt, og 50 ml svovelsyre ble tilsatt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 90 °C, og 200 g 45%ig bløt talloljesåpe ble tilsatt. Dette fikk blandes i 10 minutter ved 80°C og i 15 minutter ved 90'C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et gradert glass. Skiktene fikk separere ved 80°C i 30 minutter, hvoretter talloljen kunne dekanteres av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 50 ml was used, and 50 ml of sulfuric acid was added. The mixture was heated to 90 °C, and 200 g of 45% soft tall oil soap was added. This was allowed to mix for 10 minutes at 80°C and for 15 minutes at 90°C, after which the mixture was poured into a graduated glass. The layers were allowed to separate at 80°C for 30 minutes, after which the tallow oil could be decanted off. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Produktene fra eksemplene 1 og 2 ble analysert gasskromato-grafisk; som kolonne ble det brukt en 25 m kvartskapillar-kolonne med butandiolsuccinat som fluidum (BDS). Analysen ble utført isotermt ved 197"C. Hovedkomponentene var som følger: The products from examples 1 and 2 were analyzed gas chromatographically; as column, a 25 m quartz capillary column with butanediol succinate as fluid (BDS) was used. The analysis was carried out isothermally at 197"C. The main components were as follows:
Det fremgår av ovennevnte resultater at ved å anvende saltsyre, er både kvaliteten og utbyttet av tallolje fullstendig sammenlignbare med talloljen fremstilt med svovelsyre. It appears from the above results that by using hydrochloric acid, both the quality and the yield of tall oil are completely comparable to the tall oil produced with sulfuric acid.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
34 ml 37%ig saltsyre ble anvendt, og 34 ml vann ble tilsatt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 90°C, og 150 g bløt talloljesåpe ved 50°C ble tilsatt. Dette fikk blandes i 30 miutter ved 90°C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et gradert glass. Skiktene fikk separere ved 90°C i 60 minutter. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 34 ml of 37% hydrochloric acid was used, and 34 ml of water was added. The mixture was heated to 90°C, and 150 g of soft tall oil soap at 50°C was added. This was allowed to mix for 30 minutes at 90°C, after which the mixture was poured into a graduated glass. The layers were allowed to separate at 90°C for 60 minutes. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Eksempel 4 Example 4
34 ml saltsyre ble anvendt, og 34 ml vann ble tilsatt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 90 °C, og 150 g bløt talloljesåpe ved 50<*>0 ble tilsatt. Dette ble blandet i 30 minutter ved 90°C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et måleglass. Skiktene fikk separere ved 90°C i 60 minutter, hvoretter talloljen kunne dekanteres av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 34 ml of hydrochloric acid was used, and 34 ml of water was added. The mixture was heated to 90 °C, and 150 g of soft tall oil soap at 50<*>0 was added. This was mixed for 30 minutes at 90°C, after which the mixture was poured into a measuring glass. The layers were allowed to separate at 90°C for 60 minutes, after which the tallow oil could be decanted off. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Produktene fra eksemplene 3 og 4 ble analysert gasskroma-tografisk; som kolonne ble det brukt en 25 m kvartskapil-larkolonne med butandiolsuccinat som fluidum (BDS). Analysen ble utført isotermt ved 197'C. Hovedkomponentene var som følger: The products from examples 3 and 4 were analyzed by gas chromatography; as a column, a 25 m quartz capillary column with butanediol succinate as fluid (BDS) was used. The analysis was carried out isothermally at 197°C. The main components were as follows:
Det fremgår av ovenstående resultat at en forandring i såpe/saltsyreforholdet ikke har nevneverdig innvirkning på kvaliteten på den utskilte tallolje, men bare på skikt-separasjonshastigheten. It appears from the above result that a change in the soap/hydrochloric acid ratio does not have a significant effect on the quality of the separated tallow oil, but only on the layer separation rate.
Eksempel 5 Example 5
34 ml 37%ig saltsyre ble anvendt, og 34 ml vann ble tilsatt. Den sure blanding ble oppvarmet til 60"C, og 190 g 50%ig bløt talloljesåpe ble tilsatt. Dette fikk blandes i 30 minutter ved 60°C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et måleglass. Skiktene fikk separere i 75 minutter, hvoretter talloljen kunne dekanteres av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 34 ml of 37% hydrochloric acid was used, and 34 ml of water was added. The acidic mixture was heated to 60°C, and 190 g of 50% soft tall oil soap was added. This was allowed to mix for 30 minutes at 60°C, after which the mixture was poured into a measuring glass. The layers were allowed to separate for 75 minutes, after which the tall oil could The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Det fremgår at ved lav temperatur som ovenfor blir utbyttet mindre, og separasjonen av skiktene vanskeligere. It appears that at a low temperature as above, the yield is lower, and the separation of the layers more difficult.
Eksempel 6 Example 6
63 g bløt talloljesåpe, 11,3 ml konsentrert 37%ig saltsyre og 11,3 ml vann ble anvendt. Bestandelene ble overført til en autoklav, og temperaturen ble hevet til 170°C. Dette fikk blandes i 30 minutter ved 170°C, hvoretter blandingen fikk avkjøles, og den separerte olje ble dekantert av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 63 g of soft tall oil soap, 11.3 ml of concentrated 37% hydrochloric acid and 11.3 ml of water were used. The ingredients were transferred to an autoclave and the temperature was raised to 170°C. This was allowed to mix for 30 minutes at 170°C, after which the mixture was allowed to cool, and the separated oil was decanted off. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
På talloljen erholdt som beskrevet i eksemplene 5 og 6 ble det utført gasskromatografianalyser.(BDS-søyle, 197°C, isotermisk forløp). Hovedkomponentene i talloljen var som følger: On the tallow oil obtained as described in examples 5 and 6, gas chromatography analyzes were carried out (BDS column, 197°C, isothermal course). The main components of tallow oil were as follows:
Eksempel 7 Example 7
34 ml konsentrert 37%ig saltsyre ble anvendet, og 34 ml vann ble tilsatt. Blandingen ble oppvarmet til 97°C, og 190 g 50%ig bløt talloljesåpe ble tilsatt. Dette ble blandet i 3 0 minutter ved ved 97°C, hvoretter blandingen ble helt i et måleglass, og etter en stund ble det utskilte lignin og talloljeskiktet separert fra moderluten. Blandingen ble helt i et sentrifugerør og sentrifugert ved 5300xg i 20 minutter. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 34 ml of concentrated 37% hydrochloric acid was used, and 34 ml of water was added. The mixture was heated to 97°C, and 190 g of 50% soft tall oil soap was added. This was mixed for 30 minutes at 97°C, after which the mixture was poured into a measuring glass, and after a while the separated lignin and the tallow oil layer were separated from the mother liquor. The mixture was poured into a centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 5300xg for 20 minutes. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
På grunnlag av gasskromatografianalyse (BDS-kolonne, 197°C, isotermisk forløp) var hovedkomponentene som følger: Based on gas chromatography analysis (BDS column, 197°C, isothermal course) the main components were as follows:
I henhold til analysene er den ved sentrifugering separerte tallolje av god kvalitet. According to the analyses, the tallow oil separated by centrifugation is of good quality.
Eksempel 8 Example 8
63 g såpe, 11,3 ml konsentrert 37%ig saltsyre og 11,3 ml vann ble anvendt. Bestanddelene ble overført til en autoklav, og temperaturen ble hevet til 220°C, og trykket var 14 bar. Dette fikk blandes i 30 minutter ved 220°C, hvoretter blandingen fikk avkjøles, og den utskilte tallolje ble dekantert av. Analysene av den således erholdte tallolje var som følger: 63 g of soap, 11.3 ml of concentrated 37% hydrochloric acid and 11.3 ml of water were used. The ingredients were transferred to an autoclave, and the temperature was raised to 220°C, and the pressure was 14 bar. This was allowed to mix for 30 minutes at 220°C, after which the mixture was allowed to cool, and the separated tallow oil was decanted off. The analyzes of the tallow oil thus obtained were as follows:
Den utskilte talloljes lave syretall skyldes åpenbart esterifisering eller dekarboksylering. The low acid number of the secreted tallow oil is obviously due to esterification or decarboxylation.
På talloljen som var erholdt i eksempel 8, ble det utført en gasskromatografianalyse (BDS-kolonne, 197°C, isotermisk forløp). Hovedkomponentene i talloljen var som følger: On the tall oil obtained in Example 8, a gas chromatography analysis was carried out (BDS column, 197°C, isothermal course). The main components of tallow oil were as follows:
På bakgrunn av gasskromatografianalysen synes det som om forskjeller sammenlignet med tidligere analyser er å finne i syrefordelingen ved nevnte høye temperatur; det finner sted isomerisering av linolsyren og abietinsyren. Based on the gas chromatography analysis, it seems that differences compared to previous analyzes are to be found in the acid distribution at the aforementioned high temperature; isomerization of the linoleic acid and abietic acid takes place.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI906451A FI93868C (en) | 1990-12-28 | 1990-12-28 | Manufacture of tall oil |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO915117D0 NO915117D0 (en) | 1991-12-27 |
| NO915117L NO915117L (en) | 1992-06-29 |
| NO178897B true NO178897B (en) | 1996-03-18 |
| NO178897C NO178897C (en) | 1996-06-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO915117A NO178897C (en) | 1990-12-28 | 1991-12-27 | Process for the production of tall oil |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06340890A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT399172B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2056836C (en) |
| CH (1) | CH682238A5 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ281616B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4141913C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2054541B1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI93868C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2671096B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2251248B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1252221B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO178897C (en) |
| PL (1) | PL168096B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2029782C1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE505831C2 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK279772B6 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI95723C (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1996-04-11 | Lt Dynamics Oy | Method of acidifying soap with a large overdose of NaHSO3 solution |
| WO2016040915A1 (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | Arizona Chemical Company, Llc | Process for recovering crude tall oil |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH275810A (en) * | 1948-04-16 | 1951-06-15 | Jihoceske Papirny Narodni Podn | Process for the production of tall oil. |
| GB695702A (en) * | 1949-06-29 | 1953-08-19 | Ernest Segessemann | Improved tall oil treatment |
| US2530809A (en) * | 1949-08-23 | 1950-11-21 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Fractionation of tall oil |
| US3109839A (en) * | 1962-02-26 | 1963-11-05 | Sharples Corp | Production of organic acids |
| US3575952A (en) * | 1969-10-02 | 1971-04-20 | Scm Corp | Tall oil recovery |
| US3804819A (en) * | 1972-05-03 | 1974-04-16 | Scm Corp | Recovery of fatty acids from tall oil heads |
| US4495095A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1985-01-22 | Union Camp Corporation | Acidulation and recovery of crude tall oil from tall oil soaps |
| US4483791A (en) * | 1983-06-22 | 1984-11-20 | Sylvachem Corporation | Recovery of fatty acids from tall oil heads |
| GB8915263D0 (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1989-08-23 | Unilever Plc | Process for soap splitting using a high temperature treatment |
-
1990
- 1990-12-28 FI FI906451A patent/FI93868C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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1991
- 1991-12-03 CA CA 2056836 patent/CA2056836C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-09 CH CH3613/91A patent/CH682238A5/de unknown
- 1991-12-16 IT IT91MI3363 patent/IT1252221B/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-12-18 DE DE4141913A patent/DE4141913C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-18 AT AT0251091A patent/AT399172B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 GB GB9126949A patent/GB2251248B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-20 SE SE9103811A patent/SE505831C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-20 ES ES9102851A patent/ES2054541B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-23 PL PL91292944A patent/PL168096B1/en unknown
- 1991-12-27 NO NO915117A patent/NO178897C/en unknown
- 1991-12-27 FR FR9116224A patent/FR2671096B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-27 CZ CS914119A patent/CZ281616B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-27 SK SK4119-91A patent/SK279772B6/en unknown
- 1991-12-27 RU SU5010424 patent/RU2029782C1/en active
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1992
- 1992-01-02 JP JP1818792A patent/JPH06340890A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL292944A1 (en) | 1992-09-07 |
| ES2054541A1 (en) | 1994-08-01 |
| ATA251091A (en) | 1994-08-15 |
| PL168096B1 (en) | 1996-01-31 |
| ITMI913363A0 (en) | 1991-12-16 |
| FI906451A0 (en) | 1990-12-28 |
| CH682238A5 (en) | 1993-08-13 |
| GB9126949D0 (en) | 1992-02-19 |
| RU2029782C1 (en) | 1995-02-27 |
| CS411991A3 (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| GB2251248A (en) | 1992-07-01 |
| FI906451A (en) | 1992-06-29 |
| ES2054541B1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
| NO915117L (en) | 1992-06-29 |
| DE4141913A1 (en) | 1992-07-02 |
| CZ281616B6 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
| FI93868B (en) | 1995-02-28 |
| CA2056836A1 (en) | 1992-06-29 |
| ITMI913363A1 (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| JPH06340890A (en) | 1994-12-13 |
| FI93868C (en) | 1995-06-12 |
| SK279772B6 (en) | 1999-03-12 |
| FR2671096A1 (en) | 1992-07-03 |
| FR2671096B1 (en) | 1994-10-07 |
| NO178897C (en) | 1996-06-26 |
| AT399172B (en) | 1995-03-27 |
| SE9103811L (en) | |
| CA2056836C (en) | 1999-05-04 |
| NO915117D0 (en) | 1991-12-27 |
| DE4141913C2 (en) | 1999-04-29 |
| SE9103811D0 (en) | 1991-12-20 |
| SE505831C2 (en) | 1997-10-13 |
| GB2251248B (en) | 1994-03-30 |
| IT1252221B (en) | 1995-06-05 |
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