NO143386B - APPLICATION OF A HALFESTER OF PHTAL ACID AS LATENT HARDENER FOR MELAMINE-FORMALDE HYDRAINIC RESIN - Google Patents
APPLICATION OF A HALFESTER OF PHTAL ACID AS LATENT HARDENER FOR MELAMINE-FORMALDE HYDRAINIC RESIN Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO143386B NO143386B NO753011A NO753011A NO143386B NO 143386 B NO143386 B NO 143386B NO 753011 A NO753011 A NO 753011A NO 753011 A NO753011 A NO 753011A NO 143386 B NO143386 B NO 143386B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- current
- current transformer
- conductor
- sleeve
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004849 latent hardener Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B21/06—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/028—Paper layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
Abstract
Anvendelse av en halvester av ftalsyre som latent herder for melamin-formaldehydharpikser.Use of a half ester of phthalic acid as a latent hardener for melamine-formaldehyde resins.
Description
Fremgangsmåte for å måle strømmen i en énlederkabel. Procedure for measuring the current in a single-conductor cable.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en The present invention relates to a
fremgangsmåte for, i nærheten av en endemuffe, å måle strømmen i en énlederkabel med metallkappe ved hjelp av en strøm - transformator av den type hvor strømtrans-formatorens jernkjerne omslutter den kabel hvis strøm skal måles. method of measuring, in the vicinity of an end sleeve, the current in a single-conductor cable with a metal jacket by means of a current transformer of the type where the current transformer's iron core encloses the cable whose current is to be measured.
Når strømmen i en kable med blykappe (og eventuelle forsterkningsbånd) skal When the current in a lead-sheathed cable (and any reinforcement bands) must
måles ved å benytte en fremgangsmåte som nevnt, er det klart at en ville få et riktig uttrykk for strømmen i kabellederen, dersom blykappen (og forsterkningsbåndene) ble brutt ved kabelens føring gjennom transformatoren. Dette vil imidlertid være meget upraktisk, spesielt hvis kabelen er en oljetrykk- eller gasstrykk-kabel. is measured by using a method as mentioned, it is clear that one would get a correct expression of the current in the cable conductor, if the lead jacket (and the reinforcing bands) were broken when the cable was routed through the transformer. However, this will be very impractical, especially if the cable is an oil pressure or gas pressure cable.
Det er således både hensiktsmessig og ønskelig, ved måling av strømmen i en énlederkabel ved hjelp av en ombygnings-strømtransformator, å føre hele den isolerte kabel gjennom transformatoren. Dette med-fører imidlertid at de strømmer som flyter gjennom kabelens metallkappe og forsterkningsbåndene til endemuffen som vanligvis er jordet vil innvirke på transformatorens sekundærstrøm og derved forårsake et urik-tig bilde av strømmen i selve kabellederen. It is thus both appropriate and desirable, when measuring the current in a single-conductor cable using a conversion current transformer, to pass the entire insulated cable through the transformer. However, this means that the currents that flow through the cable's metal sheath and the reinforcing bands of the end sleeve, which are usually grounded, will affect the transformer's secondary current and thereby cause an incorrect picture of the current in the cable conductor itself.
For å unngå den uønskede virkning To avoid the unwanted effect
strømmen i metallkappe og forsterkningsbånd har på måleresultatet har det tidligere vært foreslått å koble en solid kobberskinne til metallkappen på hver side av strøm-transformatoren og utenom denne, slik at metallkappe-strømmen stort sett ville flyte gjennom kobberskinnen og derfor ikke innvirke på måleresultatet. the current in the metal sheath and reinforcement band has on the measurement result, it has previously been proposed to connect a solid copper rail to the metal sheath on each side of the current transformer and outside of it, so that the metal sheath current would mostly flow through the copper rail and therefore not affect the measurement result.
Det har videre også vært foreslått å jorde metallkappen før strøm transformatoren, men da det er lite ønskelig å måtte foreta inngrep i kabelens forsterkning, spesielt hvor det er høyt oljetrykk, er disse metoder lite egnet. It has also been suggested to ground the metal sheath before the current transformer, but as it is not desirable to have to intervene in the cable's reinforcement, especially where there is high oil pressure, these methods are not suitable.
De ovenfor nevnte mangler og ulemper ved tidligere fremgangsmåter for å måle strømmen i en énlederkabel med metallkappe blir på en enkel og billig måte over-kommet ved hjelp av den foreliggende oppfinnelse, hvis vesentligste særtrekk er at selve endemuffen er isolert mot jord og jordingen foregår over en ekstra leder som føres sammen med kabelen gjennom strøm-transformatoren, idet den ekstra leder loddes eller på annen måte forbindes med kabelens metallkappe og eventuelt også med kabelens forsterkningsbånd dersom slike finnes, i den ende hvor kabelen føres inn i muffen og jordes i den andre ende, slik at den strøm som måles ved hjelp av strøm-transformatoren blir uavhengig av de strømmer som måtte flyte i metallkappe og forsterkningsbånd. The above-mentioned shortcomings and disadvantages of previous methods for measuring the current in a single-conductor cable with a metal sheath are overcome in a simple and inexpensive way with the help of the present invention, whose main distinguishing feature is that the end sleeve itself is insulated from earth and the earthing takes place over an additional conductor that is passed together with the cable through the current transformer, the additional conductor being soldered or otherwise connected to the cable's metal sheath and possibly also to the cable's reinforcement band, if any, at the end where the cable is fed into the sleeve and grounded in the other end, so that the current measured by means of the current transformer is independent of the currents that had to flow in the metal sheath and amplification band.
Det kan forøvrig også være ønskelig, for å oppnå en jevnere feltfordeling, å la den ovenfor nevnte ekstra leder bestå av flere parallellkoblede ledere fordelt rundt kabelens overflate, eller å la den ekstra leder omfatte en metallisk skjerm som trekkes utenpå kabelens ytre korrosjonsvern. Incidentally, it may also be desirable, in order to achieve a more uniform field distribution, to have the above-mentioned additional conductor consist of several parallel-connected conductors distributed around the surface of the cable, or to have the additional conductor comprise a metallic screen that is pulled over the cable's outer corrosion protection.
Det kan videre også være ønskelig for å hindre elektrisk kontakt mellom den ekstra leder og strømtransformatoren, å trekke en isolasjonshylse utenpå denne leder. Furthermore, it may also be desirable to prevent electrical contact between the additional conductor and the current transformer, to pull an insulating sleeve on the outside of this conductor.
Oppfinnelsen vil i det følgende bli de-taljert forklart under henvisning til figu-ren, hvor fig. 1 viser en énleder kabel med metallkappe. Kabelen kan også være for-synt med forsterkningsbånd og ytre korrosjonsvern. Hverken kappe, forsterkning eller korrosjonsvern er vist spesielt. Kabelens leder føres inn i en muffe 2 som er isolert mot jord ved hjelp av isolasjons-stykker 3, mens kabelens metallkappe og eventuelle forsterkningsbånd på vanlig måte (f.eks. ved hanskelodding) er forbundet med muffens inføringsstuss 4. Kabelen omsluttes av en strømtransformators jernkjerne 5, idet kabelen danner transformatorens primærvikling og transformatorens sekundærvikling (ikke vist) på vanlig måte er viklet rundt jernkjernen og tilført et måleinstrument. Som vist er ekstra leder 6 forbundet (f.eks. ved lodding) med kabelens metallkappe og dens eventuelle forsterkningsbånd ved 7 på det sted hvor kabelen føres inn i muffen. Lederen 6 er ført sammen med kabelen gjennom strømtrans-formatorens jernkjerne 5 og er jordet i den nedre ende, slik at den strøm som måles ved hjelp av strømtransformatoren blir uavhengig av de strømmer som måtte flyte i metallkappe og forsterkningsbånd. In the following, the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the figure, where fig. 1 shows a single-conductor cable with a metal jacket. The cable can also be provided with reinforcement bands and external corrosion protection. Neither sheath, reinforcement nor corrosion protection is shown in particular. The cable's conductor is fed into a sleeve 2 which is insulated from earth by means of insulation pieces 3, while the cable's metal jacket and any reinforcement bands are connected in the usual way (e.g. by glove soldering) to the sleeve's insertion socket 4. The cable is enclosed by a current transformer iron core 5, as the cable forms the transformer's primary winding and the transformer's secondary winding (not shown) is wrapped around the iron core in the usual way and supplied with a measuring instrument. As shown, additional conductor 6 is connected (e.g. by soldering) to the cable's metal sheath and its possible reinforcement band at 7 at the point where the cable is fed into the sleeve. The conductor 6 is led together with the cable through the current transformer's iron core 5 and is grounded at the lower end, so that the current measured by the current transformer is independent of the currents that may flow in the metal jacket and reinforcement band.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742442399 DE2442399C3 (en) | 1974-09-04 | Use of a half ester of phthalic acid as a latent hardener for amino resins |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO753011L NO753011L (en) | 1976-03-05 |
| NO143386B true NO143386B (en) | 1980-10-20 |
| NO143386C NO143386C (en) | 1981-01-28 |
Family
ID=5924879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO753011A NO143386C (en) | 1974-09-04 | 1975-09-02 | APPLICATION OF A HALFESTER OF PHTAL ACID AS LATENT HARDENER FOR MELAMINE-FORMALDE HYDRAINIC RESIN |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT347129B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE832627A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH599279A5 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES440692A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2283915A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1505709A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO143386C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE410863B (en) |
-
1975
- 1975-08-21 BE BE159365A patent/BE832627A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-02 NO NO753011A patent/NO143386C/en unknown
- 1975-09-03 FR FR7526980A patent/FR2283915A1/en active Granted
- 1975-09-03 ES ES440692A patent/ES440692A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-09-03 SE SE7509774A patent/SE410863B/en unknown
- 1975-09-03 CH CH1138175A patent/CH599279A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-03 AT AT680275A patent/AT347129B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-09-04 GB GB36521/75A patent/GB1505709A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT347129B (en) | 1978-12-11 |
| NO143386C (en) | 1981-01-28 |
| ATA680275A (en) | 1978-04-15 |
| GB1505709A (en) | 1978-03-30 |
| SE410863B (en) | 1979-11-12 |
| DE2442399B2 (en) | 1976-10-28 |
| SE7509774L (en) | 1976-03-05 |
| FR2283915B1 (en) | 1978-04-07 |
| FR2283915A1 (en) | 1976-04-02 |
| CH599279A5 (en) | 1978-05-31 |
| ES440692A1 (en) | 1977-03-01 |
| NO753011L (en) | 1976-03-05 |
| DE2442399A1 (en) | 1976-03-25 |
| BE832627A (en) | 1975-12-16 |
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