NO135777B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO135777B NO135777B NO1729/73A NO172973A NO135777B NO 135777 B NO135777 B NO 135777B NO 1729/73 A NO1729/73 A NO 1729/73A NO 172973 A NO172973 A NO 172973A NO 135777 B NO135777 B NO 135777B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- mol
- staph
- mcg
- ether
- Prior art date
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- NGHVIOIJCVXTGV-ALEPSDHESA-N 6-aminopenicillanic acid Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@H]1C(C)(C)S[C@@H]2[C@H]([NH3+])C(=O)N21 NGHVIOIJCVXTGV-ALEPSDHESA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- NGHVIOIJCVXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6beta-amino-penicillanic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1C(C)(C)SC2C(N)C(=O)N21 NGHVIOIJCVXTGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002960 penicillins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 1,3-butadienyl chain Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- MBIZFBDREVRUHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(O)=O MBIZFBDREVRUHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 28
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 19
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 18
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019371 penicillin G benzathine Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229940056360 penicillin g Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229940049954 penicillin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010087702 Penicillinase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229950009506 penicillinase Drugs 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- YCJJCROQVCORKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-bis(phenylmethoxy)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C(=O)O)=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 YCJJCROQVCORKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GBDFZRYIBSUKOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibutoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CC=CC(OCCCC)=C1C(O)=O GBDFZRYIBSUKOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIVSLVJEQVKLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diethoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(OCC)=C1C(O)=O XUIVSLVJEQVKLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BCQFMOUYPQROJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dipropoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=CC(OCCC)=C1C(O)=O BCQFMOUYPQROJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MJLRULAHZBHUEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-6-methoxybenzoic acid Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(O)=O MJLRULAHZBHUEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N Methicillin Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C(O)=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 RJQXTJLFIWVMTO-TYNCELHUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195708 Penicillin V Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940056367 penicillin v Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N phenoxymethylpenicillin Chemical compound N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1 BPLBGHOLXOTWMN-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromobutane Chemical compound CCCCBr MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopropane Chemical compound CCCBr CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQICSAWYDWGZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-3-methoxy-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C MQICSAWYDWGZOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YARKPRSRXZGKNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethoxybenzoyl chloride Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(OC)C(C(Cl)=O)=C1 YARKPRSRXZGKNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBLIDPPHFGWTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl JBLIDPPHFGWTKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDXRPDJVAUCBOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl chloride Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1C(Cl)=O NDXRPDJVAUCBOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONIKNECPXCLUHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl ONIKNECPXCLUHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRVFFIXOCFUHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxynaphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(Cl)=O)C(OCC)=CC=C21 ZRVFFIXOCFUHDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXPBNKRSGVLWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxynaphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(Cl)=O)C(OC)=CC=C21 SXPBNKRSGVLWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(Cl)=O YOETUEMZNOLGDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJPAUCOBIVRYQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propoxynaphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(Cl)=O)C(OCCC)=CC=C21 VJPAUCOBIVRYQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGWFJBFNAQHLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-anthroic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 XGWFJBFNAQHLEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BJTVRQLSCWCWCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCC)OC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2C=C1)C(=O)Cl Chemical compound C(CCC)OC1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2C=C1)C(=O)Cl BJTVRQLSCWCWCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N [(1R,4aS,10aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanamine Chemical compound NC[C@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)C3=CC=C(C(C)C)C=C3CC[C@H]21 JVVXZOOGOGPDRZ-SLFFLAALSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzathine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 JUHORIMYRDESRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940008406 diethyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- IFQUWYZCAGRUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylenediaminediacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCCNCC(O)=O IFQUWYZCAGRUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006193 liquid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFELGCBAWCSEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,6-bis(phenylmethoxy)benzoate Chemical compound C1=CC=C(OCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C(=O)OC)=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 RFELGCBAWCSEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHMARZJWXHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,6-dibutoxybenzoate Chemical compound C(CCC)OC1=C(C(=O)OC)C(=CC=C1)OCCCC BHMARZJWXHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJZUDOOEQLRKOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,6-diethoxybenzoate Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC(OCC)=C1C(=O)OC DJZUDOOEQLRKOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NSNPSJGHTQIXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)Cl)=CC=CC2=C1 NSNPSJGHTQIXDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012064 sodium phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003510 tertiary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/0681—Parts of pneumatic tyres; accessories, auxiliary operations
- B29D30/0685—Incorporating auto-repairing or self-sealing arrangements or agents on or into tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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Description
Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av penicilliner.
Antibakterielle midler som benzylpenicUlin (Penicillin. G) og fenoksymetylpenicillin (Penicillin V) har hittil vist seg å være meget effektive for behandling av infeksjonssykdommer spm skyldes Gram-positiye bakterier. Men disse midler er imidlertid beheftet med den alvorlige ulempe at de er ineffektive Uke overfor flere så-kalte" resistente bakteriestammer, f. eks. penicillin=resisten/te stammer av Staphyloooccus aureus, som produserer penicillinase.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen fremstilles, nu nye penicilliner SQm foruten en sterk baktericid, virk-ning øgsa oppviser- en. god bestandighet likeoyer-for den ødeleggende innvirkning g/y penicillinase og penicillinene er derfor også virksomme Jlke-overfor resistente bakteriekultur-,
Oppfinnelsen går derfor ut på en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling *v nye penicilliner ay den generelle formel: ;og ikke-giftige salter herav, hvor minst én av restene R, og R2 betyr et halogenatom eller en lavere alkyl-, aryl-, lavere aralkyl-, hydroksy-, lavere alkoksy-, aryloksy- eller lavere aralkoksy-gruppe, eller R, og/eller R2 er en 1,3-toutadienyl-kjede bundet til nabokarbonatomet i benzenrin-gen, idet når bare én av restene Rx og R.2 har den nevnte betydning, er den andre hydrogen. ;De ikke-giftige salter avledes f. eks. fra ami-ner, som trialkylaminer, innbefattet trietylamin, p-aminobenzoesyre-s-dietylaminoetylester, . di-benzylamin, N-benzyl-(3-fenyletylamin, 1-N-me-tyl-1,2 -dif enyl-2-hydroksyetylamin, N,N'- diben-zyletylendiamin, dehydroabietylamin, N,N'-bis-dehydroabietylendiamin. ;De nye penicilliner fremstilles idet 6-aminopenicillansyre eller dennes nøytrale salter på i og for seg kjent måte omsettes med kloridet, bromidet eller med et eventuelt blandet anhydrid av en syre av den generelle formel: ;hvoretter de erholdte syrer eventuelt omdannes til et ikke-giftig salt. ;Forbindelsen 2,6-dlmetoksyfenylpenicillin er av særlig verdi på grunn av dens gode terapeut-iske effektivitet ved behandling av sykdommer forårsaket av penieillinresistente stammer av bakterier. Denne forbindelse var den første kom-mersielt tilgjengelige penicillinforbindelse for dette formål. ;En arbeidsmåte for fremstilling av de nye for-bindelser ved hj elp av et blandet anhydrid består i å blande en syre av den foran angitte generelle formel med et alkylklorkarbonat og et tertiært alifatisk amin, som trietylamin, i et vannfritt, inert og fortrinnsvis med vann blandbart opp-løsningsmiddel, som dioksan, og om ønskes en liten mengde av rent vannfritt aceton. Til denne oppløsning av det blandede anhydrid tilsettes derpå en avkjølt oppløsning, av eksempelvis 6-aminopenicillansyre og trietylamin, eventuelt i et oppløsningsmiddel som vann. Blandingen kan da om ønskes ekstraheres ved én alkalisk pH med et med vanm ikke blandbart oppløsningsmiddel, som f. eks. eter, for å fjerne ureagerte utgangsmaterialer. Produktet i den vandige fase omdannes derpå til den frie syre, fortrinsvis i kulden, under et lag av eter ved tilsetning av fortynnet mineralsyre. Den frie syre ekstraheres derpå i et med vann ikke blandbart, nøytralt organisk opp-løsningsmiddel, som f. eks. eter, og ekstrakten vaskes med vann og tørkes derpå. Produktet i eterekstrakten i sin frie syreform omdannes derpå til et hvilket som helst ønsket metall eller aminsalt ved behandling med den passende base, f. eks. et fritt amin som en prokainbase eller en oppløsning av kalium-2-etylheksanoat i tørr n-butanol. Disse salter er vanligvis uoppløselige i oppløsningsmidler som eter og kan gjenvinnes i ren form ved enkel filtrering. ;En annen arbeidsmåte for å fremstille en eteroppløsning av syreformen av en forbindelse ;i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på at det fremstilles en vandig oppløsning av 6-aminopenicillansyre og natriumbikarbonat og derpå tilsettes syrekloridet. Blandingen ekstraheres derpå med eter for å fjerne ureagerte eller hydrolyserte utgangsmaterialer. Oppløsningen ansyres derpå og den frie syreform av produktet ekstraheres i eter. Denne eterekstrakt tørkes f. eks. med vannfritt natriumsulfat og tørkemidlet ;fjernes så at det blir tilbake en tørr eteroppløs-ning, hvorfra produktet lett isoleres, fortrinnsvis i form av et eter-uoppløselig salt, som kaliumsaltet. Denne fremgangsmåte anvendes når syrekloridet reagerer med et primært amin hurtigere enn med vann, hvilket fastslåes ved et enkelt for-søk. Ved denne fremgangsmåte ikan syrekloridet erstattes av en ekvimolar mengde av det tilsvar-ende syrebromid eller syreanhydrid. ;I det tilfelle hvor syrekloridet reagerer hurtigere med vann enn med 6-aminopenicillansyren, er det nødvendig å anvende vannfrie forhold 6-Aminopenicillansyren og trietylaminet blandes med et vannfritt oppløsningsmiddel, f. eks. aceton, kloroform eller methylendiklorid og syrekloridet i det samme oppløsningsmiddel tilsettes hertil. Blandingen ansyres derpå og det vandige lag fjernes. Oppløsningsmiddellaget behandles derpå med natrium- eller kaliumbikarbonatopp-løsning og det vandige bikarbonatlag fraskilles og konsentreres for å isolere natrium- eller kaliumsaltet av penicillinet. ;De reaksjonsbetingelser som skal anvendes i det enkelte tilfelle, avhenger i høy grad av de anvendte reaksjonskomponenters reaksjonsevne. ;Den temperatur som velges for fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen skal i alminnelighet ikke overskride 30°C, og i mange tilfeller er den omgivende temperatur egnet. Da bruken av sterkt sure eller alkaliske vandige forhold ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen bør unn-gåes, har det vist seg hensiktsmessig å utføre fremgangsmåten ved en pH av fra 6 til 9, og dette kan hensiktsmessig oppnåes ved anvendelse av en buffer, f. eks. en oppløsning av natriumbikarbonat, eller en natriumfosfatbuffer. Foruten bruken av et vandig medium for reaksjonen, innbefattet filtrerte fermenteringsvæs-ker eller vandige oppløsninger av rå 6-aminopenicillansyre ,kan det gjøres bruk av,organiske oppløsningsmidler, f. eks. dimetylformamid, di-metylacetamid, kloroform ,aceton, metylendiklo-rid, metylisobutylketon og dioksan. Ofte er det. i høy grad tilfredsstillende å tilsette en vandig oppløsning av et salt av 6-aminopenicillansyre til en oppløsning av acyleringsmidlet i et inert oppløsningsmiddel, og fortrinnsvs i et inert opp-løsningsmiddel som er blandbart med vann, som aceton eller dimetylformamid. En kraftig omrør-. ing er naturligvis å anbefale når det er til stede mer enn én fase, f. eks. et fast stoff og en væske eller to væskefaser. ;Ved avslutningen av reaksjonen isoleres pro-duktene om ønskes ved hjelp av den teknikk som brukes med benzylpenicillin og fenoksymtylpe-nicillin. ;Således kan produktet ekstraheres med dietyleter eller n-butanol ved en sur pH og isoleres derpå ved lyofilisering eller ved omdannelse til et i oppløsningsmidlet uoppløselig salt, f. eks. ved nøytralisering med en n-butanol-oppløsning av natrium- eller kalium-2-etylheksanoat. Produktet kan også utfelles fra en vandig oppløs-ning som et vannuoppløselig salt av et amin eller gjenvinnes direkte ved lyofilisering, fortrinnsvis i form av et natrium- eller kaliumsalt. Når produktet dannes som trietylaminsaltet, omdannes det til den frie syreform og derpå til andre salter på den måte som brukes med benzylpenicillin og andre penicilliner. En metode for isolering av produktet i form av et krystallinsk kaliumsalt omfatter ekstrahering av produktet fra en sur vandig oppløsning (f. eks. pH-verdi == 2) med .dietyleter, tørking av eteren og tilsetning av minst en ekvivalent mengde av en konsentrert oppløsning av kalium-2-etylheksanoat i tørr n-butanol. Kaliumsaltet danner utfelninger, vanligvis i krystallisk form, og kan utvinnes ved filtrering eller dekantering. ;De følgende eksempler skal tjene til å klar-gjøre oppfinnelsen. ;Eksempel 1. ;2- klorfenylpenicillin ( kaliumsalt). ;Til en oppløsning av 1 g (0,00463 mol) 6-aminopenicillansyre i 20 ml vann og 1,56 g (0,0185 mol) natriumbikarbonat ble tilsatt 1,75 g (0,01 mol) o-klorbenzoylklorid. Blandingen ble rystet i to minutter og vasket med eter. Den vandige oppløsning ble regulert til pH 2 med fortynnet svovelsyre og produktet, 2-klorfenylpenicillin, ble ekstrahert i eter. Etter at eteroppløs-ningen var blitt tørket over vannfritt Na2SO, ble tilsatt en oppløsning av 1,5 kalium-2-etyl-heksanoat i 4,0 ml tørr n-butanol. Kaliumsaltet av 2-klorfenylpenicillin utfeltes og ble oppsamlet, tørket over P20, og det viste seg å veie 1,0 g, det var oppløselig i vann og hindret Staph. aureus ved en konsentrasjon av 0,3 mcg/ml. ;Eksempel 2. ;o- Tolylpenicillin ( kaliumsalt). ;o-Tolylsyre (1,36 g, 0,01 mol), isobutylklor-karbonat (1,36 g, 1,31 ml, 0,01 mol), trietylamin (1,54 ml, 0,011 mol) og 20 ml p-dioksan ble blandet sammen ved 3 til 5°C og omrørt i 30 minutter ved 3 til 5°C. Til denne oppløsning ble det derpå tilsatt en oppløsning av 6-aminopenicillansyre (2,16 g, 0,01 mol) og trietylamin (1,4 ml, 0,01 mol) i 20 ml vann. Etter omrøring i 1 time ble tilsatt 20 ml isvann og pH regulert til 8. Opp-løsningen ble ekstrahert med eter og derpå ansyret til pH 2 med 1: 5 fortynning av svovelsyre. Produktet, 2-metylfenylpenicillin også kalt o-tolylpenicillin, ble ekstrahert to ganger fra den vandige oppløsning i eter. Eterekstraktene ble forenet, vasket med vann, tørket over vannfritt Na2S04 og behandlet med 5 ml av en tørr n-buta-noloppløsning av kalium-2-etylheksanoat (ca. ;0,37 g/ml) for å danne kalium-o-tolylpenicillin, som ble gjenvunnet som et gummiaktig stoff, og omdannet ved tørking natten over i vakuum over P.20- til et brunt hygroskopisk fast stoff, som smeltet oved 115—120°C under spaltning, og som viste tilstedeværelsen av p-laktamstruktur ved infrarød analyse, det var oppløselig i vann og viste seg å hindre Staph. aureus ved en konsentrasjon av 0,312 mcg/ml. ;Eksempel 3. ;2- hydroksyfenylpenicillin ( kaliumsalt). Fremgangsmåten etter eksempel 2 ble fulgt under anvendelse av syv ganger så meget av hvert reagerende stoff og oppløsningsmiddel, og o-tolylsyre ble erstattet med 0,07 mol (9,70 g) salicylsyre for å fremstille kalium-2-hydroksyfenylpenicillin som et sprøtt fast stoff (10,7 g) som smeltet ved 80°C med skumning og spaltet ved opphetning over 150°C, og som hindret veksten av Staph. aureus ved en konsentrasjon av 1,56 mcg/ml. ;Eksempel 4.. ;2, 6- dimetoksyfenylpenicillin. ;a) Kaliumsalt. ;En blanding av 2,15 g 6-aminopenicillian-syre, 2,8 ml trietylamin og 30 ml vannfri aceton ble omrørt ved romtemperatur mens en oppløs-ning av 2 g 2,6-dimetoksybenzoylklorid i vannfri aceton (30 ml) ble tilsatt i løpet av 5 minutter. Etter omrøring i ytterligere en time ble blandingen fortynnet med isvann (100 ml) og vasket med eter (3 x 50 ml). Den vandige fase ble regulert til pH 2 med IN saltsyre (10 ml) og ekstrahert med eter (3 x 50 ml). Eterekstraktene ble tørket over vannfritt natriumsulfat og behandlet med IN kalium-2-etylheksanoat i 10 ml n-butanol. Den utfelte gummiaktige substans ble vasket ved dekantering med vannfri eter (2 x 100 ml) og tørket i vakuum over fosforpentoksyd så at man fikk kaliumsaltet av produktet som et hvitt pulver (2,6 g). (Renhet ca. 50 pst.). ;b) Natriumsalt. ;Til en omrørt suspensjon av 540 g 6-aminopenicillansyre i tørr alkoholfri kloroform (3,75 1) ble tilsatt 697 ml tørr trietylamin, og blandingen ble omrørt i 10 minutter ved romtemperatur. Den ble derpå avkjølt i et bad med knust is idet en oppløsning av 500 g 3,6-dimetoksybenzoylklorid i 3,75 1 tørr alkoholfri kloroform ble tilsatt i en stadig strøm i løpet av 20 minutter. Etter at alt det sure kloridet var blitt tilsatt, ble kjøle-badet fjernet og blandingen omrørt i 1 time ved romtemperatur. Blandingen ble kraftig omrørt og tilstrekkelig fortynnet saltsyre (2,3 1 av 0,87 N) ble tilsatt for å gi et vandig lag av pH 2,5. Blandingen ble filtrert, lagene fraskilt og bare kloroformlaget ble bibeholdt. Dette ble kraftig omrørt idet ytterligere fortynnet saltsyre (0,69 liter av 0,87 N) ble tilsatt for å avgi et vandig lag av pH 1. ;Lagene ble fraskilt og atter ble bare kloroformlaget bibeholdt. Derpå hie kloroformlaget kraftig omrørt, idet tilstrekkelig natriumkårbo-natoppløsning (3,2 1 0,97 N) ble tilsatt for å gi et vandig lag av pH 6,7—7,0. Lagene ble fraskilt og begge ble bibeholdt, fkloroformlaget ble kraftig omrørt idet tilstrekkelig natriumbikarbonat-oppløsning (50 ml 0,97 N) ble tilsatt for å gi et vandig lag av pH 7,7, og atter ble lagene fraskilt. De to bikartoonatekstrakter ble forenet, vasket med 1 liter eter og derpå konsentrert ved lav temperatur og trykk, inntil konsentratet veiet 1415 g. Konsentratet blé behandlet med tørr aceton (22 liter), blandingen ble godt blandet og derpå filtrert for å fjerne utfelte urenheter. Ytterligere 4 liter tørr aceton ble tilsatt til filtratet, derpå begynte produktet å krystallisere lang-somt. Krystallisérimgen fikk utvikle seg ved en temperatur mellom 0 og 3 °C i 16 timer og derpå ble 563 g av produktet oppsamlet ved filtrering. 7,5 liter tørr eter ble tilsatt til filtratet, og etter noen timer ble en andre andel (203 g) oppsamlet. De to andeler ble forenet for utvinning av monohydratet av natriUmsaltet av 2,6-dimetoksyfenylpenicillin (766 g, 73 pst.) i form av et hvitt krystallinsk fast stoff, [a] <2>D<5>= +219° ;(c — 5,0 i vann). ;En del av dette materiale ble omkrystallisert ved oppløsning i fuktig aceton og etterfulgt av tilsetning av vannfri aceton. ;Produktet hadde da [a] <2>D° = + 230 <0>;(c = 5,0 i vann). ;Anaiyse for Cl7H19N20(iSNa, tt,6: ;Funnet: ;48,9 % C, 5,2 % H, 7,1 % N, 8,0 % S, 5,5 % Na, ;4,3 % H20 ;Beregnet: ;48,6 % C, 5,0 % H, 6,7 % N, 7,6 % S, 5,5 % Na, 4,3 % H20. c) Salt med p- aminbbénzosyre- s- dietyl-aminoétyléstef. ;Oppløsninger av 8,4 g av det i henhold til eksempel 4, b) erholdte natriumsålt (i 15 ml vann og av 5,45 g p-amihobénzosyre-s-dietylamino-etyiesterhydroklofid i 8 ml vann blé blandet, hvorved det hurtig ble utfelt et håleiofmet, hvitt fast stoff. Blandingen blé oppbevart over hattén i et kjøleskap og derpå filtrert. Produktet ble vasket med vann og derpå tørket i en våkuum-eksikator for utvinning av mondhydråtét åv p-aminobehzoesyré-s-dietylåminoétyléstéfsaltét av 2,6-dimetoksyfeny'lpehiclllin som ét hvitt pulver. Smeltepunkt: 138 til 139<b>C (spåltriing). Utbytte: 11,4 g. ;Analyse for C^H^OrN.^, H20: Funnet: 56,4 % C, 6,9 % &, ' 3,8 % N, 4,9 % S. Beregnet: 56,3 % C, 6,9% H, 8,8% N, 5,0% S. ;Produktet hihdfét vékstéri åv Staph. Oxford ;ved en koriséritfåsjdn å V 1,25 mcgVmi, Vék<g>tén åv den mot bénzylpénicillih resistente Ståph. 1 Véd 2,5 mcg/ml og den mot benzylpenicillin résistenté Ståph 2 véd 2,5 mcg/ml. ;å) N, N'- åibénzyiéiylénåiamifiåaU. ;Oppløsninger" av 14 g åV det 1 héhhdld til ékséiripel 4, b) erholdte n&trlUirisait i 30 ml vann og av 6 g N,N'-diotenzyletylendiamlhdiacétåt 1 ;40 ml vann ble blandet, hvorunder det med én ;gang falt ut en hvit utfelning. Blandingen ble satt til side i kjøleskap natten over og derpå filtrert. Produktet ble vasket med vann og derpå tørket i en vakuumeksikator for å gi trihydratet av N.N^dibenzyletylendiaminsaltet som et hvitt pulver, smp. 127 til 128°C (spaltning). Utbytte: 15,1 g. ;Analyse for C-qH^O^N^, 3 H20: ;Funnet: 57,1 %' C, 6,3"% H, 8,3 % N, 6,2 % S. Beregnet: 56,9% C, 6,3% H, 8,0% N, 6,1% S. ;Produktet hindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 0,5 mcg/ml, den mot benzyipeniciliin resistente Staph. 1 ved 2,5 meg/ ml og den mot benzylpenicillin resistente Staph. ;2 ved 2,5 mcg/ml. ;Eksempel 5. ;2, 6- diklorfe7iylpenicillin ( kaliumsalt). ;Denne forbindelse ble fremstilt ved anven-" deise av den fremgangsmåte som er brukt i eksempel 1 under anvendelse av 9,4 g 2,6-diklorben-zoylklorid (0,045 mol), 9,68 g 6-aminopenicillansyre (0,045 mol) og 12,8 ml trietylamin (0,09 mol). Produktet ble erholdt som et lysbrunt pulver (9,14 g). Renhet (hydroksylaminprøve) = 54 pst. ;Produktet hindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 0,5 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 12,5 mcg/ml og. av Staph. 2 ved 6,5 mcg/ml. ;Eksempel 6. ;2, 6- dietoksyfenylpenicillin ( natriumalt). ;3,2 ml tionylklorid (0,0433 mol) ble tilsatt til 4,55 g 2,6-dietoksybenzoesyre (0,0217 mol) som inneholdtes i en flaske forsynt med en kalslum-kloridbeskyttet luftkondensator. Etter at reaksjonen hadde avtatt (30 minutter), ble blandingen oppvarmet ved 80°C i ytterligere 30 minutter og derpå ble overskuddet av tionylklorid fjernet under høyt vakuum ved ca. 30°C. Det rå syreklo-rid ble oppløst i vannfri aceton (40 ml) og i løpet åv 15 minutter tilsatt til en omrørt blanding av 4,68 g 6-aminopenicillansyré (0,0217 mol), 6,6 ml trietylamin (0,0433 mol) og vannfri aceton (65 ml). Etter omrøring i ytterligere én time ble blandingen fortynnet med isvann "(100 ml) og eterekstrahert (3 x 50 ml). Den vandige fase ble derpå ansyret til pH 2 med 21,6 ml lN saltsyre og ekstrahert méd etéir (3 x 50 mi). Éterékstrak-térié bié forenet og rystet méd vann (50 ml) og økéhdé mengder av å pst. v/v natriumbikårbo-natoppløshing (5,8 ml i det hélé) inntil den van^-dige fase hadde eri pfi av 7. Etter fraskiilélse ble deri vandige fase vasket méd éter (2 x 50 mi) og irihdampet til tørrhet under høyt vakuum ved rømtem<p>eratiii'. Residuet bie tørket over fosfof-pentoksyd utider høyt vakuuM for å gi ét hvitt ptilVef (6,8" g). Retlhét (véd hydfdksylammprøVé) = 4å pst. ;ReakSjottSproduktet hiftdfet Veksten av stapn. Oxford ved en kdrisehtrasjori av 25 meg/ mi, av Staph. 1 ved 6 meg/mi og av Staph. 2 ved 6 mcg/ml. ;Den 1 dette eksempel anvendte 2,6-dietoksybenzoesyre med smeltepunktet 130 til 132°C ble fremstilt ved alkalisk hydrolyse av 2,6-dietoksy-benzoesyremetyiester. Denne forbindelse ble på sin side erholdt ved behandling av 2,6-dioksy-benzoesyremetylester med dietylsulfat og kaliumkarbonat i aceton. ;De etter de to følgende eksempler fremstilte stoffer ble erholdt på lignende måte som be-skrevet i eksempel 6. ;Eksempel 7. ;2, 6- DUn- butoksyfenylpenicillin ( natriumsalt). ;Fremstilt frå 2,66 g 2,6-di-n-butoksybenzoe-syre (0,01 mol), 1,5 tionylklorid (0,02 mol), 2,16 g 6-aminopenicillansyre (0,01 mol) og 2,8 ml trietylamin (0,02 mol) som et hvitt pulver (2,13 g). Renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 41 pst. ;Denne forbindelse hindret veksten av Staph. ;Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 5 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 6 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 6 meg/ ml. ;Den i dette eksempel anvendte 2,6-di-n-but-oksybenzoesyre med smeltepunkt 81 til 83°C var blitt fremstilt ved alkalisk hydrolyse av 2,6-di-n-butoksyibenzoesyremetylester, som på sin side var erholdt ved behandling av 2,6-dioksybenzoe-syremetylester med n-butylbromid og kaliumkarbonat i aceton. ;Eksempel 8, ;2, 6- dibenzyloksyfenylpenicillin ( natriumsalt). ;Fremstilt av 3,34 g 2,6-dibenzyloksybenzo-syre (0,01 mol), 1,5 ml tionylklorid (0,02 mol), 2,16 g 6-aminopenicillansyre (0,01 mol) og 2,8 ml trietylamin (0,02 mol) som et hvitt pulver (2,13 g). Renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 41 pst. ;Reaksjonsproduktet forhindret veksten av ;Staph. Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 1,25 meg/ ml, av Staph. 1 ved 2,5 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 2,5 mcg/ml. ;Den i dette eksempel forarbeidede 2,6-di-benzyloksybenzosyre med smeltepunktet 124 til 126°C var blitt fremstilt ved alkalisk hydrolyse av 2,6-dibenzyloksybenzosyremetylester, som på sin side var blitt erholdt ved behandling av 2,6-dioksybenzosyremetylester med benzylklorid og kaliumkarbonat i vannfri aceton. ;Eksempel 9. ;2, 6* di- n- propoksyfenylpenicillin ( natfium-salt).
Forbindelsen i henhold til dette eksempel ble fremstilt etter arbeidsmåten etter eksempel 6 under anvendelse av 2,6-di-n-propoksybenzosyre (2,6 g, 0,012 mol), tionylklorid (1,8 ml, 0,24 mol), 6-aminopenicillansyre (2,15 g, 0,01 mol) og trietylamin (2,8 ml, 0,02 mol). Produktet ble erholdt som et hvitt pulver (2,0 g) med en reinhetsgrad av 43 pst. etter hydroksylåminprøven.
Det forhindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 5 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 12,5 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 12,5 mcg/ml.
Den i dette eksempel anvendte 2,6-di-n-propoksybenzosyre med smeltepunktet 54 til
56°C ble fremstilt av alkalisk hydrolyse av 2,6-di-n-propoksybenzosyreester, som på sin side var
erholdt ved behandling av 2,6-dioksybenzosyre-metylester med n-propylbromid og kaliumkarbonat i aceton.
Eksempel 10.
6- etoksy- 2- metoksyfenylpenicillin ( natriumsalt)..
Fremstilt fra 3,15 g 6-etoksy-2-metoksyben-zosyre (0,0164 mol), tionylklorid (3,15 ml), 3,35 g 6-aminopenicillansyre (0,016 mol) og 4,8 ml trietylamin (0,032 mol) som et hvitt pulver (3,78 g). Renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 55 pst.
Produktet forhindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved en konsentrasjon av 1^25 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 2,5 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 5 mcg/ml.
2-Etoksy-6-metoksybenzosyren som ble an-vendt i dette eksempel, ble fremstilt ved å oksy-dere 2-etoksy-6-metoksytoluen med kaliumper-manganat i pyridin. 2-Etoksy^6-metoksytoluenet ble fremstilt ved reaksjon av dietylsulfat med 2 -hy droksy- 6 - me toksy toluen.
Eksempel 11.
2- Metoksy- l^ naftylpenicillin ( ndtriumsalt). En oppløsning av 15;4 g 2-metoksy-l-naftoylklorid (0,07 mol) i vannfri og alkoholfri kloroform ble i løpet av 10 minutter under omrøring tilsatt til en blanding åv 15;1 g 6-aminopenicillansyre (0,07 mol), 19,6 ml trietylamin (0,14 mol) og vannfri kloroform; Etter omrøring i ytterligere én time blé blandingen rystet med n-saltsyre, og kloroformskiktét blé fraskilt og Vaåkét to ganger med vann. Kloraforihoppløsningen ble derpå rystet méd vann og én tilstrekkelig mengde av en natriumbikarbonatoppiøsning (konsentrasjon 3 volumprosent), slik at man fikk en vandig fase med pH-verdi 7. Etter inridåhipning under høyt vakuum ved romtemperatur ble det tilbake et re-siduum soih blé tørket undef høyt vakuum oVer fosforpentoksyd og måti fikk ét biekgiilt pulver (22,2 g), hvis renhetsgrad etter hydroksylåmin-prøven andro til 71 pst.
Produktet hindret VékSten av Staph. Oxford ved 0,5 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 1,5 mcg/ml og av staph, å ved i;25 meg/mi: Emempél 12. l- natftylpenicillin ( natriumsalt). Natriumsaltet av 1-naftylpenicillin ble fremstilt etter arbeidsmåten i henhold til eksempel 11 under anvendelse av 1-naftoylklorid (4,8 g, 0,452 mol), 6-aminopenicillansyre (5,4 g, 0,025 mol) og trietylamin (7 mi, 0,05 moi). Det erholdes et blekgult pulver (7 g) med en renhetsgrad av 81 pst. etter hydroksylaminprøvemetdden.
Produktet hindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved 0,123 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 25 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 12,5 mcg/ml.
Eksempel 13.
9- antrylpenicillin ( natriumsalt).
Til en blanding av 9-antroinsyre (6,66 g, 0,03 mol) og tionylklorid (8,6 g, 0,12 mol) som inneholdtes i en 100 ml flaske forsynt med en kalsiumkloridbeskyttet tilbakeløpskondensator,
ble tilsatt N,N-dimetylformamid (1 dråpe). Etter tilbakeløpsbehandllng i én time ble oppløsningen inndampet til tørrhet under redusert trykk, residuet ble oppløst i vannfri benzen og oppløsnin-gen atter inndampet til tørrhet. Det rå syreklo-
rid ble derpå oppløst i vannfri alkoholfri kloroform (50 ml) og oppløsningen tilsatt i løpet av en halv time til en omrørt blanding av 6-aminopenicillansyre (6,48 g, 0,03 mol), kloroform (75 ml) og trietylamin (8,4 ml, 0,06 mol).
Etter omrøring i ytterligere en time ble opp-løsningen ekstrahert med vann (30 ml) og tilstrekkelig IN saltsyre for å gl en vandig fase av pH 2 (krevet 30 ml). Kloroformfasen ble fraskilt og ekstrahert med tilstrekkelig 3 pst. natriumbi-karbonatoppløsning for å gi en vandig fase av pH 7 (krevet 80 ml). En emulsjon ble dannet ved dette trinn, derpå ble hele blandingen inndampet til tørrhet ved romtemperatur under høyt vakuum. Residuet ble vasket ved dekantering med vannfri eter (2 x 50 ml) og tørket over fosforpentoksyd for å gi et gult pulver (8,9 g), renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 53 pst.
Produktet hindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved 0,5 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 2,5 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 2,5 mcg/ml.
Eksempel 14.,
2- etoksy- l- naftylpenicillin ( natriumsalt).
Substansen i dette eksempel ble fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten etter eksempel 11 under anvendelse av 2-etoksy-l-naftoylklorid (16,4 g, 0,07 mol), 6-aminopenicillansyre (15,1 g, 0,07 mol) og trietylamin (19,6 ml, 0,14 mol) og ble erholdt som et blekgult pulver (21,6 g), renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 65 pst.
Forbindelsen hindret veksten av Staph. Oxford ved 0,25 mcg/ml, av Staph. 1 ved 0,6 mcg/ml og av Staph. 2 ved 0,6 mcg/ml.
Eksempel 15.
2- n- Propoksy- l- naftylpenicillin ( natriumsalt).
Forbindelsen i dette eksempel ble fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten etter eksempel 11 under an-
vendelse av 2-n-propoksy-l-naftoylklorid (17,3
g, 0,07 mol), 6^aminopenicillansyre (15,1 g, 0,07 mol) og trietylamin (19,6 ml, 0,14 mol) og ble erholdt som et blekgult pulver (15,5 g), renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøve) = 47 pst.
Eksempel 16.
2- n- Butoksy- l- naftylpenicillin ( natrium-
salt).
Forbindelsen i dette eksempel ble fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten etter eksempel 11 under anvendelse av 2-n-butoksy-l-naftoylklorid (18,3 g, 0,07 mol), 6-aminopenicillansyre (15,1 g, 0,07 mol) og trietylamin (19,6 ml, 0,14 mol) og ble erholdt som et blekgult pulver (17,0 g), renhet (ved hydroksylaminprøven) = 50 pst.
Fremgangsmåteproduktene angripes av penicillinase betydelig langsommere enn ved kjente penicilliner. Denne kjensgjerning samt de guns-tige egenskaper også like overfor en benzylpenicillinømfintlig mlkrobestamme (Staph. Oxford) fremgår av den følgende tabell, idet Staph. 1 er sn benzylpenicillinresistent stamme. Til tross for en struktur som er lignende de nye penicilliner,
er de imidlertid langt mer ømfintlige like over-
for innvirkningen av penicillinase.
Minste konsentrasjon ( meg/ mV)
som kreves for en hemmevirkning.
Claims (2)
1. Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av anti-biotisk virksomme penicilliner, særlig egnet for behandling av infeksjoner forårsaket av resistente bakteristammer, av den generelle formel:
og ikke-giftige salter herav, hvor minst én av restene Rj og R, betyr et halogenatom eller en lavere alkyl-, aryl-, lavere aralkyl-, hydroksy-, lavere alkosy-, aryloksy- eller lavere aralkoksy-gruppe, eller R, og/eller R, er en 1,3-butadienyl-kjede bundet til nabokarbonatomet i benzenrin-gen, idet når bare én av restene R, og R2 har den nevnte betydning, er den andre hydrogen, karakterisert ved at 6-aminopenicillansyre eller dennes nøytrale salter på i og for seg kjent måte omsettes med kloridet, bromidet eller med et eventuelt blandet anhydrid av en syre av den generelle formel:
hvoretter de erholdte syrer eventuelt omdannes til et ikke-giftig salt. .
2. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at det som syre av den generelle formel II anvendes 2,6-dimetoksyben-zoesyre.
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GB1512205A (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1978-05-24 | Dunlop Ltd | Pneumatic tyre and wheel assembly |
US3942573A (en) * | 1975-01-30 | 1976-03-09 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Tire lubricating device |
US3990492A (en) * | 1975-03-31 | 1976-11-09 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Fluid dispensing apparatus for tire wheel assembly |
GB1554861A (en) * | 1975-06-04 | 1979-10-31 | Dunlop Ltd | Tyre deflation warning means |
US4202392A (en) * | 1978-03-17 | 1980-05-13 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire and fluid reservoir assembly |
US4267992A (en) * | 1978-04-16 | 1981-05-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Tire/wheel concept |
US4340104A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1982-07-20 | The General Tire & Rubber Company | Deflated tire lubricant |
US4212339A (en) * | 1979-01-02 | 1980-07-15 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire/wheel assembly with low molecular weight coolant-lubricant |
US4263953A (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1981-04-28 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Self-lubricating pneumatic insert for a pneumatic tire |
US4258771A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1981-03-31 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Tire and rim assembly with dispensing means mounted in a balanced array |
US5772747A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1998-06-30 | Peter Chun | Tire sealant composition |
DE60005680T2 (de) * | 1999-07-14 | 2004-07-29 | Pennzoil-Quaker State Co., Houston | Reifen dichtende und aufpumpende zusammensetzung und anwendungsverfahren |
US6510875B2 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2003-01-28 | Pennzoil | Inflating device and method of use |
EP1227943B1 (fr) * | 1999-10-19 | 2004-06-02 | Société de Technologie Michelin | Dispositif d'obturation d'un reservoir de lubrifiant et methode de lubrification de la cavite interne d'un pneumatique |
FR2811329A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-11 | Michelin Soc Tech | Composition lubrifiante pour interface enveloppe de pneumatique/appui de securite en roulage a plat |
US6969537B2 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2005-11-29 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Lubrication for tread supporting ring for use with a rim for a tire having two beads |
US6837104B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2005-01-04 | Itzhak Sapir | Tire safety system |
US9656432B2 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2017-05-23 | Trek Bicycle Corporation | Sealant delivery system |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3143155A (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1964-08-04 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Tire |
US3142326A (en) * | 1961-11-06 | 1964-07-28 | William L Lindley | Wheel rim attachment for a tubeless tire |
FR1378047A (fr) * | 1963-06-04 | 1964-11-13 | Michelin & Cie | Perfectionnements aux enveloppes de pneumatiques |
US3444918A (en) * | 1967-04-24 | 1969-05-20 | True Car Value Inc | Self-sealing safety tire |
US3610308A (en) * | 1969-10-02 | 1971-10-05 | Firestone Tire & Rubber Co | Pneumatic tire |
GB1359467A (en) * | 1970-06-20 | 1974-07-10 | Dunlop Holdings Ltd | Pneumatic tyre and wheel rim assemblies |
-
1972
- 1972-05-03 GB GB2050172A patent/GB1435509A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-04-24 US US00353937A patent/US3850217A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-04-24 CA CA170,073A patent/CA981165A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-04-26 NO NO1729/73A patent/NO135777C/no unknown
- 1973-04-27 ZA ZA732879A patent/ZA732879B/xx unknown
- 1973-04-30 ZM ZM75/73*UA patent/ZM7573A1/xx unknown
- 1973-04-30 CS CS7300003089A patent/CS185621B2/cs unknown
- 1973-04-30 IN IN1002/CAL/73A patent/IN139612B/en unknown
- 1973-05-01 IE IE687/73A patent/IE37710B1/xx unknown
- 1973-05-02 FI FI1381/73A patent/FI54255C/fi active
- 1973-05-02 ES ES414287A patent/ES414287A1/es not_active Expired
- 1973-05-02 CH CH623773A patent/CH574828A5/xx unknown
- 1973-05-02 AU AU55102/73A patent/AU475797B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-05-02 BE BE130658A patent/BE798996R/xx active
- 1973-05-02 NL NL7306090A patent/NL7306090A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-05-03 DD DD170592A patent/DD113330A6/xx unknown
- 1973-05-03 AT AT391873A patent/AT335296B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-05-03 LU LU67532A patent/LU67532A1/xx unknown
- 1973-05-03 DE DE2322323A patent/DE2322323A1/de active Pending
- 1973-05-03 FR FR7315887A patent/FR2183216B2/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-05-03 BR BR3175/73A patent/BR7303175D0/pt unknown
- 1973-05-03 AR AR247829A patent/AR217220A1/es active
- 1973-05-03 PL PL1973162295A patent/PL98490B3/pl unknown
- 1973-05-03 IT IT7323840Q patent/IT1064619B/it active
- 1973-05-04 JP JP48050201A patent/JPS4967309A/ja active Pending
- 1973-11-04 SE SE7306011A patent/SE398325B/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA732879B (en) | 1974-03-27 |
FI54255B (fi) | 1978-07-31 |
ZM7573A1 (en) | 1974-02-21 |
IE37710L (en) | 1973-11-03 |
FR2183216A2 (no) | 1973-12-14 |
AR217220A1 (es) | 1980-03-14 |
US3850217A (en) | 1974-11-26 |
NL7306090A (no) | 1973-11-06 |
ES414287A1 (es) | 1976-12-01 |
IE37710B1 (en) | 1977-09-28 |
ATA391873A (de) | 1976-06-15 |
AT335296B (de) | 1977-03-10 |
JPS4967309A (no) | 1974-06-29 |
DD113330A6 (no) | 1975-06-12 |
AU5510273A (en) | 1974-11-07 |
FR2183216B2 (no) | 1976-07-23 |
IT1064619B (it) | 1985-02-25 |
BR7303175D0 (pt) | 1974-07-11 |
CA981165A (en) | 1976-01-06 |
SE398325B (sv) | 1977-12-19 |
PL98490B3 (pl) | 1978-05-31 |
DE2322323A1 (de) | 1973-11-22 |
NO135777C (no) | 1977-06-01 |
CS185621B2 (en) | 1978-10-31 |
GB1435509A (en) | 1976-05-12 |
LU67532A1 (no) | 1973-07-13 |
FI54255C (fi) | 1978-11-10 |
IN139612B (no) | 1976-07-10 |
AU475797B2 (en) | 1976-09-02 |
BE798996R (fr) | 1973-08-31 |
CH574828A5 (no) | 1976-04-30 |
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