NO119369B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO119369B NO119369B NO164744A NO16474466A NO119369B NO 119369 B NO119369 B NO 119369B NO 164744 A NO164744 A NO 164744A NO 16474466 A NO16474466 A NO 16474466A NO 119369 B NO119369 B NO 119369B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum nitride
- grains
- nitride
- heating element
- stated
- Prior art date
Links
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/12009—Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot
- A61B17/12013—Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/04—Endoscopic instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/12009—Implements for ligaturing other than by clamps or clips, e.g. using a loop with a slip knot
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
- A61B10/04—Endoscopic instruments
- A61B2010/045—Needles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0469—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
- A61B2017/0474—Knot pushers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
- A61B17/0469—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
- A61B2017/0477—Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery with pre-tied sutures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
- A61B2090/037—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety with a frangible part, e.g. by reduced diameter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/14—Bale and package ties, hose clamps
- Y10T24/1402—Packet holders
- Y10T24/1404—Cord
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/39—Cord and rope holders
- Y10T24/3916—One-piece
- Y10T24/3924—Sheet material
Description
Fremgangsmåte for agglomerering av aluminiumnitrid.
Aluminiumnitrid er et fortreffelig ildfast material. Spesielt er det det eneste vanlige material som helt tåler berøring med flytende og gassformet aluminium ved høy temperatur og i vakuum.
Uheldigvis er det vanskelig å fremstille mursten, formstykker eller digler av aluminiumnitrid da sintringen først begynner ved temperaturer over 1800°. Det er følge-lig nødvendig å føre inn et bindemiddel som holder seg opp til denne temperatur og tillater baking av aluminiumnitridgjen-standene uten deformering av disse, sam-tidig som det ikke må innføre noen sjene-rende forurensninger.
De vanlige bindemidler av typen vandig lim (dekstrin, gummi arabikum), eller oppløsninger i et oppløsningsmiddel (ace-to-cellulose, gummi) er ikke egnet da skje-lettet av gjenværende kullstoff, etter bren-ning, meget raskt ødelegges ved reaksjon med nitridet eller de små forurensninger som det inneholder og som forøvrig er uunngåelig hvis det foregår en svak elek-trolyse med et vandig bindemiddel. Natri-umsilikat tåler ikke temperaturer over ca. 1600°, og reagerer deretter med nitridet og gir flyktige produkter. Leire, vil, foruten å medføre fare for forurensning av pro-duktet også reduseres ved hjelp av nitridet før sintringstemperaturen nås.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse har gjort det mulig å unngå disse vanskeligheter. Den
består i at aluminiumnitridpartikler som
skal agglomereres gis den ønskete form, og
at aluminiumnitrid som tjener som bindemiddel, forflyktiges og kondenseres til fast form i partikkelmassen.
Når det ønskes fremstillet ildfaste legemer som er meget kompakte, er det å
foretrekke at nitridkornene i seg selv ut-gjør tette partikler. Det er likeledes nød-vendig at aluminiumnitridet har et slikt kornstørrelsesforhold at de tomrom som er tilbake mellom kornene er så små som mulig.
Som eksempel, og uten noen begrens-ning av oppfinnelsen skal det nå angis to kornstørrelsesforhold som er brukt med hell.
For bedre å fylle ut tomrommene kan det til blanding 2 settes 8—16 % pigment for aluminiummaling eller finmalt aluminium-nitrid med eksempelvis bare 35 % som holdes tilbake av sikt 350.
En første utførelsesform for oppfinnelsen består i å utnytte den egenskap ved aluminiumnitrid at det går over i damp-form ved høy temperatur og utfelles igjen i koldere områder. En lukket beholder fyl-les, i en kvelstoffatmosfære, med korn av aluminiumnitrid som er pakket tett rundt et varmeelement, f. eks. av grafit hvori-gjennom det føres en elektrisk strøm. I temperaturområdet mellom 2000 og 2250° C går aluminiumnitridet over inntil en viss avstand fra varmeelementet og rekrystal-liseres inne i massen av nitridkorn som derved blir agglomerert.
Oppvarmingen kan eventuelt avbrytes i det øyeblikk dette temperaturområde er nådd, og nitridet blir da sintret i en viss tykkelse mens det holder seg nesten i be-røring med resistoren. Uttagningen blir herunder i alle tilfeller meget lett. Oppvarmingen kan imidlertid også fortsettes og det danner seg da rundt hele resistoren et hulrom som er tomt og begrenset av en tett vegg av godt agglomerert aluminiumnitrid med en form tilsvarende isotermen for dissosiasjon og sublimering.
Eksempel 1: Rundt et sylinderformet varmeelement av grafit med 10 mm diameter og en leng-de på 20 cm anbringes pulverformet nitrid som omfatter: 100 vektsdeler av blanding nr. 2 og 10 vektsdeler finmalt nitrid (35 % holdt tilbake av sikt 350).
En strøm på 1000 amp. med spenning 25 volt føres i 90 sek. gjennom varmeelementet. Det oppnås derved et rør av aluminiumnitrid som er 20 cm langt og har en indre diameter på 15 mm og en ytre diameter på 30 mm. Ved å forlenge opp-varmningstiden til 30 sek., altså tilsammen 120 sek., blir den indre diameter 25 mm og den ytre 40 mm.
Eksempel 2: Rundt en grafitkjerne med 70 mm diameter og en høyde på 90 mm anbringes pulverformet nitrid med samme finhet som i eksempel 1. Kjernen varmes opp ved in-duksjon i en høyfrekvensovn. Etter en halv times oppvarming, med en effekt på 18 kW målt på generatoren oppnås 2200° C. Denne temperatur opprettholdes i % time. Det vil derved dannes et slags «egg» som når det skjæres opp danner en digel med glatt og jevn indre overflate, med en Inn-vendig diameter på 80 mm og høyde 90 mm. Tykkelsen av den sintrede vegg er 20 mm. Veggene i denne digel kan gjøres ab-solutt ugjennomtrengelig ved innføring i digelen av en annen mengde nitridkorn og gjennomføring av en annen oppvarming.
Eksempel 3: I en hul grafitform med en indre diameter på 50 mm og en ytre diameter på 80 mm, føres det inn nitrid av blanding nr. 2. I samme induksjonsovn som ble brukt i eksempel 2 foretas oppvarming i en halv time med 15 kW og det oppnås 2100° C. Det oppnås et legeme av fullstendig sintret nitrid som nøyaktig tilsvarer detaljene i formen. Denne fremgangsmåte gjør det spesielt mulig å fremstille digler, rør eller stykker, med innviklet form og uttagningen av disse er alltid lett.
De eksempler som er beskrevet ovenfor på fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen gjør det mulig å oppnå forholdsvis tette produkter hvis varmeledningsevne er for stor til at de kan brukes for ildfast isolasjon.
Claims (3)
1. Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av ildfaste formete legemer av aluminiumnitrid, karakterisert ved at de aluminiumnitrid-partikler som skal agglomereres gis den ønskete form, og at aluminiumnitrid som tjener som bindemiddel, forflyktiges og kondenseres til fast form i partikkelmassen.
2. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i påstand 1, karakterisert ved at aluminiumnitrid-korn pakkes i berøring med et varmeelement som så oppvarmes til en temperatur over 2000° C, slik at aluminiumnitridet fø-res i gassform bort fra varmeelementet og utfelles på de partikler som ligger lenger bort fra elementet, slik at disse korn bin-des sammen.
3. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i påstand 2, karakterisert ved at varmeelementet utgjøres av en elektrisk motstand av grafit, som kornene blir pakket rundt.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US494103A US3409014A (en) | 1965-10-08 | 1965-10-08 | Surgical ligating disk having a noose forming ligature threaded therethrough |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO119369B true NO119369B (no) | 1970-05-11 |
Family
ID=23963052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO164744A NO119369B (no) | 1965-10-08 | 1966-09-15 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3409014A (no) |
AT (1) | AT270849B (no) |
BE (1) | BE687739A (no) |
CH (1) | CH450635A (no) |
DE (1) | DE1541104B1 (no) |
DK (1) | DK120206B (no) |
ES (1) | ES332043A1 (no) |
FI (1) | FI50580C (no) |
FR (1) | FR1495791A (no) |
GB (1) | GB1086979A (no) |
IL (1) | IL26474A (no) |
NL (2) | NL6613827A (no) |
NO (1) | NO119369B (no) |
SE (1) | SE308003B (no) |
Families Citing this family (115)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US3910280A (en) * | 1974-06-21 | 1975-10-07 | Sherwood Medical Ind Inc | Body member tourniquet |
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US4105349A (en) * | 1976-10-18 | 1978-08-08 | R B Toy Development Co. | Mechanism for forming a loop in a rope or the like |
US4480358A (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-11-06 | Barling Donald E | Tie structure |
CA1230959A (en) * | 1983-11-24 | 1988-01-05 | John A.S. Brown | Line lock |
US4881939A (en) * | 1985-02-19 | 1989-11-21 | The Johns Hopkins University | Implantable helical cuff |
US4750492A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1988-06-14 | Richards Medical Company | Absorbable suture apparatus, method and installer |
US5143082A (en) * | 1991-04-03 | 1992-09-01 | Ethicon, Inc. | Surgical device for enclosing an internal organ |
DK0598219T3 (da) * | 1992-11-17 | 1998-04-27 | Smith & Nephew Inc | Indretning til sikring af en sutur samt fremgangsmåde hertil |
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NL1013262C2 (nl) * | 1999-10-11 | 2001-04-17 | Brabantia Nederland Bv | Fixatie-element voor draden, in het bijzonder van droogmolen. |
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US10517587B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2019-12-31 | Biomet Sports Medicine, Llc | Method and apparatus for forming a self-locking adjustable loop |
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US9149267B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2015-10-06 | Biomet Sports Medicine, Llc | Method and apparatus for coupling soft tissue to a bone |
US8652171B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2014-02-18 | Biomet Sports Medicine, Llc | Method and apparatus for soft tissue fixation |
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US11259792B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2022-03-01 | Biomet Sports Medicine, Llc | Method and apparatus for coupling anatomical features |
US8562647B2 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2013-10-22 | Biomet Sports Medicine, Llc | Method and apparatus for securing soft tissue to bone |
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DE392259C (de) * | 1924-03-18 | Alfred Schopper | Einrichtung zur unblutigen Abtrennung tierischer Gewebe mittels elastischer Faeden | |
DE403889C (de) * | 1924-10-09 | Julius Nord Dr | Vorrichtung zum Unterbinden von Gliedern | |
US122135A (en) * | 1871-12-26 | Improvement in fasteners for bags | ||
US735874A (en) * | 1902-09-11 | 1903-08-11 | Simon Cassady | Package-tie. |
US1344959A (en) * | 1919-03-13 | 1920-06-29 | Pollard Ellery | Binding appliance |
DE566173C (de) * | 1931-10-21 | 1933-03-16 | Hans A Roeder | Chirurgischer Faden |
US2199025A (en) * | 1936-06-08 | 1940-04-30 | Carl E Conn | Means and method of closing surgical incisions |
US2936759A (en) * | 1957-09-03 | 1960-05-17 | Joseph L Yuhas | Tourniquet |
US2947051A (en) * | 1957-12-30 | 1960-08-02 | Warren C Johnson | Line tightener |
US3056408A (en) * | 1959-04-22 | 1962-10-02 | Adolph M Brown | Ligature clip |
US3043308A (en) * | 1960-04-22 | 1962-07-10 | Edward I Seltzer | Surgical clamp |
GB972731A (en) * | 1961-05-31 | 1964-10-14 | Mihaly Gerendas | Improvements in or relating to artery clamps |
-
0
- NL NL137173D patent/NL137173C/xx active
-
1965
- 1965-10-08 US US494103A patent/US3409014A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-09-07 IL IL26474A patent/IL26474A/xx unknown
- 1966-09-14 DE DE19661541104 patent/DE1541104B1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1966-09-15 NO NO164744A patent/NO119369B/no unknown
- 1966-09-22 GB GB42301/66A patent/GB1086979A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-09-22 AT AT891766A patent/AT270849B/de active
- 1966-09-30 NL NL6613827A patent/NL6613827A/xx unknown
- 1966-09-30 FI FI662573A patent/FI50580C/fi active
- 1966-10-03 FR FR78625A patent/FR1495791A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-10-03 BE BE687739D patent/BE687739A/xx unknown
- 1966-10-06 SE SE13503/66A patent/SE308003B/xx unknown
- 1966-10-07 DK DK520766AA patent/DK120206B/da unknown
- 1966-10-07 ES ES332043A patent/ES332043A1/es not_active Expired
- 1966-10-10 CH CH1456766A patent/CH450635A/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE308003B (sv) | 1969-01-27 |
DE1541104B1 (de) | 1970-03-19 |
BE687739A (no) | 1967-03-16 |
US3409014A (en) | 1968-11-05 |
FR1495791A (no) | 1967-09-22 |
DK120206B (da) | 1971-04-26 |
ES332043A1 (es) | 1968-03-16 |
CH450635A (fr) | 1968-01-31 |
GB1086979A (en) | 1967-10-11 |
FI50580B (no) | 1976-02-02 |
NL137173C (no) | 1900-01-01 |
NL6613827A (no) | 1967-04-10 |
IL26474A (en) | 1970-04-20 |
FI50580C (fi) | 1976-05-10 |
AT270849B (de) | 1969-05-12 |
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