NL8204438A - Werkwijze en inrichting voor de continue vervaardiging van langgerekte lichamen uitgaande van een ongesmolten uitgangsmateriaal. - Google Patents
Werkwijze en inrichting voor de continue vervaardiging van langgerekte lichamen uitgaande van een ongesmolten uitgangsmateriaal. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL8204438A NL8204438A NL8204438A NL8204438A NL8204438A NL 8204438 A NL8204438 A NL 8204438A NL 8204438 A NL8204438 A NL 8204438A NL 8204438 A NL8204438 A NL 8204438A NL 8204438 A NL8204438 A NL 8204438A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- melt
- zone
- glass
- coil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/0128—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from pulverulent glass
- C03B37/01291—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from pulverulent glass by progressive melting, e.g. melting glass powder during delivery to and adhering the so-formed melt to a target or preform, e.g. the Plasma Oxidation Deposition [POD] process
- C03B37/01294—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from pulverulent glass by progressive melting, e.g. melting glass powder during delivery to and adhering the so-formed melt to a target or preform, e.g. the Plasma Oxidation Deposition [POD] process by delivering pulverulent glass to the deposition target or preform where the powder is progressively melted, e.g. accretion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
- C03B17/04—Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/01—Other methods of shaping glass by progressive fusion or sintering of powdered glass onto a shaping substrate, i.e. accretion, e.g. plasma oxidation deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B3/00—Charging the melting furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/021—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by induction heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/32—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/40—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with transition metals other than rare earth metals, e.g. Zr, Nb, Ta or Zn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/50—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/54—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with beryllium, magnesium or alkaline earth metals
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8204438A NL8204438A (nl) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de continue vervaardiging van langgerekte lichamen uitgaande van een ongesmolten uitgangsmateriaal. |
| US06/549,118 US4546484A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-07 | Device for the continuous manufacture of elongated bodies starting from unmolten solid starting material |
| CA000440699A CA1212837A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-08 | Method of and device for the continuous manufacture of elongate bodies starting from unmolten solid starting material |
| DE8383201610T DE3365172D1 (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-10 | Method of and device for the continuous manufacture of elongate bodies starting from unmolten solid starting material |
| EP83201610A EP0109131B1 (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-10 | Method of and device for the continuous manufacture of elongate bodies starting from unmolten solid starting material |
| AT83201610T ATE21239T1 (de) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-10 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen herstellen von langen koerpern ausgehend von ungeschmolzenem festem material. |
| JP58213460A JPS5997537A (ja) | 1982-11-16 | 1983-11-15 | 長尺体の連続製造方法および装置 |
| US06/755,745 US4617041A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1985-07-16 | Method for continuously manufacturing elongated bodies starting from unmolten solid starting material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8204438A NL8204438A (nl) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de continue vervaardiging van langgerekte lichamen uitgaande van een ongesmolten uitgangsmateriaal. |
| NL8204438 | 1982-11-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL8204438A true NL8204438A (nl) | 1984-06-18 |
Family
ID=19840601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8204438A NL8204438A (nl) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Werkwijze en inrichting voor de continue vervaardiging van langgerekte lichamen uitgaande van een ongesmolten uitgangsmateriaal. |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4546484A (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP0109131B1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JPS5997537A (https=) |
| AT (1) | ATE21239T1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA1212837A (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE3365172D1 (https=) |
| NL (1) | NL8204438A (https=) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL8403380A (nl) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-06-02 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verdichten van een voorgevormd poreus lichaam uit materiaal, waarvan het hoofdbestanddeel uit sio2 bestaat. |
| FR2589228B1 (fr) * | 1985-10-25 | 1989-08-04 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif d'elaboration en continu de materiaux obtenus a partir de substances a l'etat fondu |
| US4752313A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-06-21 | Corning Glass Works | Pultrusion process for fiber-reinforced composites |
| EP0349904B1 (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 1994-02-23 | Sumitomo Sitix Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for casting silicon |
| US5181947A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1993-01-26 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a glass fiber |
| US5173096A (en) * | 1991-07-10 | 1992-12-22 | Manville Corporation | Method of forming bushing plate for forming glass filaments with forming tips having constant sidewall thickness |
| FR2686597B1 (fr) * | 1992-01-28 | 1994-03-18 | Alcatel Nv | Procede de fabrication d'un tube en verre, notamment en verre fluore. |
| FR2707285B1 (fr) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-08-11 | Alcatel Fibres Optiques | Préforme pour fibre optique, procédé de fabrication d'une telle préforme et fibre optique obtenue à partir de cette préforme. |
| EP0738690B1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 2001-06-13 | Corning Incorporated | Method and device for manufacturing a rod of a material having a cross-sectional composition gradient |
| FR2733224B1 (fr) * | 1995-04-19 | 1997-07-04 | Corning Inc | Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'une barre en un materiau presentant un gradient de composition transversal, notamment de barre de verre |
| AU2172199A (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 1999-08-09 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Improvements in and relating to the handling, treatment and storage of waste |
| JP2001342026A (ja) * | 2000-05-30 | 2001-12-11 | Tosoh Quartz Corp | 石英ガラスの製造方法及び製造装置 |
| US6739155B1 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2004-05-25 | General Electric Company | Quartz making an elongated fused quartz article using a furnace with metal-lined walls |
| DE10133469B4 (de) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-10-14 | Schott Glas | Vorrichtung zum Schmelzen hochreiner optischer Gläser |
| DE10331103B4 (de) * | 2002-07-04 | 2008-06-26 | Schott Ag | Doppeltiegel für Glas-Ziehverfahren und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Glasfasern oder zugehörigen Vorformen mit dem Doppeltiegel |
| WO2010065401A2 (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2010-06-10 | Inductotherm Corp. | Purification of silicon by electric induction melting and directional partial cooling of the melt |
| EP2226301A1 (en) * | 2009-02-22 | 2010-09-08 | Silitec Fibers SA | Method for producing and processing a preform, preform and optical fiber |
| CN103466933B (zh) * | 2013-08-20 | 2015-10-28 | 宁波大学 | 叠加法挤制硫系玻璃光纤预制棒的挤压装置及方法 |
| CN104338933B (zh) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | 一种用于金属熔融挤出成型的3d打印头 |
| WO2017103115A2 (de) | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Herstellung eines quarzglaskörpers in einem schmelztiegel aus refraktärmetall |
| CN108698894A (zh) | 2015-12-18 | 2018-10-23 | 贺利氏石英玻璃有限两合公司 | 在多腔式烘箱中制备石英玻璃体 |
| EP3390290B1 (de) | 2015-12-18 | 2023-03-15 | Heraeus Quarzglas GmbH & Co. KG | Herstellung eines opaken quarzglaskörpers |
| US11952303B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2024-04-09 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Increase in silicon content in the preparation of quartz glass |
| WO2017103160A1 (de) | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Herstellung von quarzglaskörpern aus siliziumdioxidgranulat |
| US11492282B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-11-08 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of quartz glass bodies with dew point monitoring in the melting oven |
| US11053152B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2021-07-06 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spray granulation of silicon dioxide in the preparation of quartz glass |
| JP7044454B2 (ja) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-03-30 | ヘレウス クワルツグラス ゲーエムベーハー ウント コンパニー カーゲー | 石英ガラス調製時の中間体としての炭素ドープ二酸化ケイ素造粒体の調製 |
| CA3121468A1 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | Corning Incorporated | Apparatuses and methods for heating and cooling glass tubing |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1572873A (en) * | 1923-12-29 | 1926-02-16 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | High-frequency dielectric and magnetic furnace |
| NL47449C (https=) * | 1937-03-12 | |||
| US2289787A (en) * | 1937-12-24 | 1942-07-14 | Kaschke Kurt | Production of shaped articles from metal powder |
| US2673228A (en) * | 1950-09-15 | 1954-03-23 | Norton Co | Induction furnace with high-temperature resistor |
| US3874207A (en) * | 1957-10-22 | 1975-04-01 | Jerome H Lemelson | Extrusion apparatus |
| US3774890A (en) * | 1957-06-27 | 1973-11-27 | Jerome H Lemelson | Apparatus for working moldable material |
| US3261676A (en) * | 1963-01-24 | 1966-07-19 | Gen Electric | Method for forming silica articles |
| US3293692A (en) * | 1964-02-26 | 1966-12-27 | Olin Mathieson | Apparatus for forming rigid porous metal body |
| US3467513A (en) * | 1965-10-20 | 1969-09-16 | Corning Glass Works | Process and apparatus for high pressure extrusion of glassprocess and apparatus for high pressure extrusion of glass |
| US3764286A (en) * | 1971-04-22 | 1973-10-09 | Gen Electric | Manufacture of elongated fused quartz member |
| US3767373A (en) * | 1971-11-15 | 1973-10-23 | Nis Pri Vimmess | Cylindrical furnace for continuous production of reinforced and nonreinforced seamless pipes of foam glass |
| US4116598A (en) * | 1975-03-04 | 1978-09-26 | Fizichesky Institut Imeni P.N. Lebedeva Akademii Nauk Sssr | Apparatus for producing high-melting-metal-oxide-based crystalline materials |
| DE2842586A1 (de) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-04-17 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von lichtleitfasern niedriger daempfung und hoher numerischer apertur |
| US4230473A (en) * | 1979-03-16 | 1980-10-28 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Method of fabricating optical fibers |
| FR2457619A2 (fr) * | 1979-05-23 | 1980-12-19 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Four de rechauffage a induction a champ glissant |
| US4350513A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1982-09-21 | Western Electric Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for extruding glass tubes |
-
1982
- 1982-11-16 NL NL8204438A patent/NL8204438A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1983
- 1983-11-07 US US06/549,118 patent/US4546484A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-11-08 CA CA000440699A patent/CA1212837A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-10 AT AT83201610T patent/ATE21239T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-11-10 EP EP83201610A patent/EP0109131B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-11-10 DE DE8383201610T patent/DE3365172D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-11-15 JP JP58213460A patent/JPS5997537A/ja active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-07-16 US US06/755,745 patent/US4617041A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3365172D1 (en) | 1986-09-11 |
| EP0109131A1 (en) | 1984-05-23 |
| JPH0372573B2 (https=) | 1991-11-19 |
| EP0109131B1 (en) | 1986-08-06 |
| ATE21239T1 (de) | 1986-08-15 |
| US4546484A (en) | 1985-10-08 |
| CA1212837A (en) | 1986-10-21 |
| US4617041A (en) | 1986-10-14 |
| JPS5997537A (ja) | 1984-06-05 |
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