NL2033297A - Method for improving soil fertility in ecological tea garden - Google Patents

Method for improving soil fertility in ecological tea garden Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2033297A
NL2033297A NL2033297A NL2033297A NL2033297A NL 2033297 A NL2033297 A NL 2033297A NL 2033297 A NL2033297 A NL 2033297A NL 2033297 A NL2033297 A NL 2033297A NL 2033297 A NL2033297 A NL 2033297A
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weight
tea garden
parts
soil
raw material
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NL2033297A
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Dutch (nl)
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NL2033297B1 (en
Inventor
Xiao Zhongjiu
Cheng Junwei
Yu Zhan
Wang Qinghe
Li Wenzhao
Xiong Yan
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Univ Zunyi Normal
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden in the technical field of soil improvement, comprising the following 5 steps: step l, preparing base materials: preparing 150-250 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 1-15 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.03-0.04 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 80-90 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material; Step 2, ploughing the soil of the tea garden from October to November, spreading the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the 10 quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then covering with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 5-10 cm. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden provided in the present disclosure is capable of achieving the simultaneous improvement of soil pH and soil fertility in tea gardens.

Description

METHOD FOR IMPROVING SOIL FERTILITY IN ECOLOGICAL TEA GARDEN TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, particularly relates to a method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden.
BACKGROUND
[0002] A tea garden is a place where tea trees are grown. Since the tea trees like dampness and are afraid of waterlogging, they are generally planted on slopes with a certain slope; however, under the rainwash, the soil fertility in the tea garden is easy to decline, which will affect the growth of tea trees. In addition, tea trees are suitable for growing in acidic soil with a pH value of 4.5 to 6, which leads to the extensive use of acidic fertilizers to fertilize the soil of tea gardens. With the use of acidic fertilizers, the soil pH in the tea gardens decreases gradually, eventually leading to a pH value lower than the suitable range for the growth of tea trees.
[0003] In order to solve the problem of too low soil pH, the current solution is to spread quicklime on the soil of the tea garden, which can neutralize the excess acid in the soil. To solve the problem of decreased soil fertility, it is generally to add organic fertilizers to the soil. During the actual use, because the organic fertilizer contains a large number of beneficial microorganisms, the process of quicklime absorbing water and converting to slaked lime will release a lot of heat and the direct contact with the organic fertilizer will cause death of a large number of beneficial microorganisms in the organic fertilizer, the effectiveness of the organic fertilizer will be reduced. When spreading quicklime and organic fertilizer, the soil in the tea garden is generally ploughed, and then the quicklime 1s spread. When the quicklime is almost completely reacted, the soil is ploughed and the organic fertilizer is spread, finally the organic fertilizer is buried. This method not only increases the times of burying and ploughing the soil, but also the organic fertilizer cannot be replenished in time in the process of quicklime reaction, resulting in delayed supply of nutrient for tea trees.
SUMMARY
[0004] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden, to achieve the simultaneous improvement of soil pH and soil fertility in tea gardens.
[0005] In the present solution, a method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden comprises the following steps:
[0006] step 1, preparing base materials: preparing 150-250 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 1-15 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.03-0.04 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 80-90 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material;
[0007] Step 2, ploughing the soil of the tea garden from October to November, spreading the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then covering with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 5-10 cm.
[0008] The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects. The soil of the tea garden is ploughed from October to November; since there is relatively low rainfall in winter in Guizhou, the process of quicklime reacting with water to produce slaked lime is relatively slow. During the exothermic process of the quicklime reaction, the heat diffuses around, which can increase the surface temperature and facilitate the growth of tea trees. In addition, in the process of heat moving down, due to the block of woody organic matter raw material, most of the heat cannot directly act on the organic fertilizer. After a small amount of heat enters the organic fertilizer, the growth of microorganisms is facilitated. At the same time, after the heat generated by the quicklime reaction is in contact with the woody organic matter raw material, it is beneficial to the fermentation of the woody organic matter raw material. In addition, since the tea garden needs the most nutrient supply in spring, the woody organic matter raw material undergoes several months of decomposition and fermentation, which makes the structure more stable after decomposition, and the quicklime reacts almost completely. At this time, due to the action of quicklime in the soil, the pH value of the soil is raised to a range suitable for the growth of tea trees; and the components obtained from the decomposition of woody organic matter raw material together with the organic fertilizer provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of tea trees, ensuring the soil fertility. In the several months, because the woody organic matter raw material has a relatively large particle size and is relatively loose, it has the functions of air permeability, water diversion and water storage. When the rainwater washes the soil, the woody organic matter raw material can play a better buffering role and avoid excessive loss of organic matter in the organic fertilizer. In addition, during the fermentation process of woody organic matter raw material, the generated carbon dioxide is absorbed by the slaked lime, which facilitates the outside air to enter the soil, thereby increasing the oxygen content inside the soil, and facilitating the respiration of the roots and the growth of tea trees.
[0009] Further, the woody biomass raw material is dried at a temperature of 70-80° C for 40-50 min before use. The drying of the woody biomass raw material at a temperature of 70-80° C for 40-50 min can facilitate to kill harmful bacteria in the woody biomass raw material.
[0010] Further, the woody biomass raw material is sawdust, straw or a mixture thereof.
Both sawdust and straw have larger gaps, and have better air permeability and water conductivity.
[0011] Further, the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 2-3 parts by weight of wood chips and 8-10 parts by weight of straw. A high proportion of straw makes better air permeability.
[0012] Further, the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting cow dung, pig manure and biogas slurry. The organic fertilizer prepared by mixing cow manure, pig manure and biogas slurry contains more nutrients, which can better ensure the fertility of the soil.
[0013] Further, in the organic fertilizer, the weight ratio of the cow dung, the pig manure and the biogas slurry is (6-8): (3-4): (3-4).
[0014] Further, the usage amount of the quicklime is 30-70 kg per mu. Since the pH value of the tea garden that needs to increase the soil pH value is generally below 4.8, the usage amount of quicklime is relatively large. In addition, the usage amount of quicklime is adjusted according to the actual pH value of the soil in the tea garden. The lower the soil pH value, the higher the usage amount of the quicklime.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0015] The present disclosure is further described through the following specific embodiments.
[0016] Example 1: A method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden comprises the following steps:
[0017] Step 1, prepare base materials: preparing 250 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 15 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.04 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 80 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material; wherein the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting 8 parts by weight of cow dung, 4 parts by weight of pig manure and 4 parts by weight of biogas slurry; the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 3 parts by weight of wood chips and 10 parts by weight of straw, and drying at 80°C for 40 min;
[0018] Step 2, plough the soil of the tea garden in late October, spread the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then cover with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 10 cm, the usage amount of the quicklime is 50 kg per mu, and the initial pH of the soil is 4.6.
[0019] Example 2: A method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden comprises the following steps:
[0020] Step 1, prepare base materials: preparing 150 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 10 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.03 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 90 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material; wherein the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting 6 parts by weight of cow dung, 3 parts by weight of pig manure and 3 parts by weight of biogas slurry; the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 2 parts by weight of wood chips and 8 parts by weight of straw, and drying at 70°C for 50 min;
[0021] Step 2, plough the soil of the tea garden in late October, spread the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then cover with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 5 cm, the usage amount of the quicklime is 70 kg per mu, and the initial pH of the soil is 4.3.
[0022] Example 3: A method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden comprises the following steps: 5 [0023] Step 1, prepare base materials: preparing 200 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 12 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.04 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 85 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material; wherein the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting 7 parts by weight of cow dung, 4 parts by weight of pig manure and 4 parts by weight of biogas slurry; the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 3 parts by weight of wood chips and 9 parts by weight of straw, and drying at 75°C for 45 min;
[0024] Step 2, plough the soil of the tea garden in late October, spread the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then cover with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 10 cm, the usage amount of the quicklime is 50 kg per mu, and the initial pH of the soil is 4.6.
[0025] The difference between the Comparative Example and Example 1 is that the base material in the Comparative Example contains no woody organic matter raw material, and contains 330 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, namely, the weight of the organic fertilizer in the Comparative Example is the sum of the weight of the organic fertilizer and the weight of the woody organic matter raw material in Example 1.
[0026] In the Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example, the fermented bacteria are fermented microbial agents produced by Hubei Dinghong Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
[0027] The applicant conducted an experiment of soil fertility improvement of the ecological tea garden in Meitan County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province in late October
2019. The methods of Examples 1 to 3 and the Comparative Example were used to improve the soils of the tea garden; the planting area of each example and the Comparative Example was 0.6-0.7 mu.
[0028] The soil conditions of the tea garden were tested in November 2019 and August
2021. The bulk density of the soil was determined by the cutting ring method, the organic matter content in the soil was determined by the ignition loss method, and the microbial biomass carbon in the soil was measured by the chloroform fumigation extraction method, and the pH value of the soil was measured by the potentiometry.
[0029] The results were shown in the table below. Group Year Soil Bulk Organic Microbial pH Density Matter Biomass (g.cm3) (g.kg-1) Carbon (gkg-1) Example 1 2019 1.38 27.7 331.85 45 2021 1.12 31.9 396.72 49 Example 2 2019 1.42 23.6 309.76 4.3 2021 1.21 26.8 358.69 4.8 Example3 2019 1.35 25.1 312.85 4.6 2021 1.20 28.8 375.46 5.0 Comparative 2019 1.33 25.3 318.73 4.6 Example 2021 1.25 26.5 345.72 49
[0030] As shown in the above table, the introduction of the woody organic matter raw material could facilitate to ensure the normal growth of the microorganisms in the organic fertilizer. Through the combined use of the organic fertilizer, fermented bacteria, woody organic matter raw material and quicklime, the separate addition of quicklime and organic fertilizer can be avoided, saving the labor costs; in addition, the fermentation process of the woody organic matter raw material is avoided.
[0031] The foregoing descriptions are only embodiments of the present disclosure, and common knowledge such as well-known specific structures and characteristics in the technical solutions are not described in details. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present disclosure, which will not affect the implementation effect and the practicability of the patent. The scope of protection of the present disclosure should be subjected to the content claimed in the claims, and the descriptions of the specific embodiments in the Specification can be used to explain the content of the claims. Advantageous embodiments include: El. A method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden, comprising the following steps: Step 1, preparing base materials: preparing 150-250 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 1-15 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.03-0.04 part by weight of fermented bacteria and 80-90 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic matter raw material, Step 2, ploughing the soil of the tea garden from October to November, spreading the organic fertilizer, the fermented bacteria, the woody organic matter raw material and the quicklime evenly to the ploughed soil from the bottom up sequentially, then covering with soils, wherein the ploughing depth is 5-10 cm.
E2. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to El, wherein the woody biomass raw material is dried at a temperature of 70-80° C for 40-50 min before use.
E3. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to E2, wherein the woody biomass raw material 1s sawdust, straw or a mixture thereof.
E4. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to E3, wherein the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 2-3 parts by weight of wood chips and 8-10 parts by weight of straw.
ES. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to any one of E1, E2 or E3, wherein the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting cow dung, pig manure and biogas slurry.
E6. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to ES, wherein in the organic fertilizer, the weight ratio of the cow dung, the pig manure and the biogas slurry is (6-8): (3-4): (3-4). E7. The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to E6, wherein the usage amount of the quicklime is 30-70 kg per mu.

Claims (7)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin, die de volgende stappen omvat: stap 1, het bereiden van basismaterialen: het bereiden van 150-250 gewichtsdelen van een organische meststof, 1-15 gewichtsdelen ongebluste kalk, 0,03-0,04 gewichtsdelen gefermenteerde bacteriën en 80-90 gewichtsdelen van een ongefermenteerde houtachtige organische grondstof, stap 2, het ploegen van de grond van de theetuin van oktober tot november, het achtereenvolgend gelijkmatig van onder naar boven op de geploegde grond verspreiden van de organische meststof, de gefermenteerde bacteriën, de ongefermenteerde houtachtige organische grondstof en de ongebluste kalk, vervolgens afdekken met grond, waarin de ploegdiepte 5-10 cm is.1. Method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden, which includes the following steps: step 1, preparing basic materials: preparing 150-250 parts by weight of an organic fertilizer, 1-15 parts by weight of quicklime, 0.03- 0.04 parts by weight of fermented bacteria and 80-90 parts by weight of an unfermented woody organic raw material, step 2, plowing the soil of the tea garden from October to November, successively spreading the organic fertilizer evenly on the plowed soil from bottom to top , the fermented bacteria, the unfermented woody organic raw material and the quicklime, then cover with soil, in which the plowing depth is 5-10 cm. 2. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens conclusie 1, waarin de houtachtige biomassagrondstof gedurende 40-50 min voor gebruik gedroogd wordt bij een temperatuur van 70-80 °C.The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to claim 1, wherein the woody biomass raw material is dried at a temperature of 70-80°C for 40-50 minutes before use. 3. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens conclusie 2, waarin de houtachtige biomassagrondstof zaagsel, stro of een mengsel daarvan is.The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to claim 2, wherein the woody biomass raw material is sawdust, straw or a mixture thereof. 4. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens conclusie 3, waarin de houtachtige biomassagrondstof wordt gemaakt door het mengen van 2-3 gewichtsdelen houtsnippers en 8-10 gewichtsdelen stro.The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to claim 3, wherein the woody biomass raw material is made by mixing 2-3 parts by weight of wood chips and 8-10 parts by weight of straw. 5. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens één van de conclusies 1 tot en met 3, waarin de organische meststof wordt verkregen door het mengen en volledig fermenteren van koeienmest, varkensmest en biogasdrijfmest.The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the organic fertilizer is obtained by mixing and fully fermenting cow dung, pig dung and biogas slurry. 6. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens conclusie 5, waarin in de organische meststof de gewichtsverhouding van de koeienmest, de varkensmest en de biogasdrijfinest (6-8): (3-4): (3-4) is. 3The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to claim 5, wherein in the organic fertilizer, the weight ratio of the cow dung, pig dung and biogas drift nest is (6-8): (3-4): (3-4) . 3 7. Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van bodemvruchtbaarheid in een ecologische theetuin volgens conclusie 6, waarin de gebruiks-hoeveelheid van de ongebluste kalk 30-70 kg per mu is. 10The method for improving soil fertility in an ecological tea garden according to claim 6, wherein the usage amount of the quicklime is 30-70 kg per mu. 10
NL2033297A 2021-10-14 2022-10-13 Method for improving soil fertility in ecological tea garden NL2033297B1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107853051A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-03-30 台山市上川岛仙岛茶业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of high mountain tea tree
CN108781968A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-13 武汉环绿时代生态园林工程有限公司 A kind of method of interplanting tea tree and black fungus
CN111165250A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-19 湖南古茶文化发展有限公司 Purple tea cultivation method
CN110249877B (en) * 2019-07-25 2021-09-14 南宁新科健生物技术有限公司 Grass-control ecological mulching film for organic planting and preparation and use methods thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107853051A (en) * 2017-11-13 2018-03-30 台山市上川岛仙岛茶业有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of high mountain tea tree
CN108781968A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-11-13 武汉环绿时代生态园林工程有限公司 A kind of method of interplanting tea tree and black fungus
CN110249877B (en) * 2019-07-25 2021-09-14 南宁新科健生物技术有限公司 Grass-control ecological mulching film for organic planting and preparation and use methods thereof
CN111165250A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-19 湖南古茶文化发展有限公司 Purple tea cultivation method

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