NL2026530B1 - In-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution monitoring device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution monitoring device and method. The device in the present invention mainly includes a fixed base 1-1, a hydraulic lifting platform 1-2, a measuring scale slot 1-3, movable measuring scale grooves 1-4, a universal level 1-5, a movable measuring scale 2-1, probe round holes 2-2, a metal scale probe 2-3, a probe fixing clamp 2-4 and a movable measuring platform 2-5. The device is characterized in that the movable measuring scale 2-1 is connected with the measuring scale slot 1-3 via the movable measuring scale grooves 1-4; the metal scale probe 2-3 penetrates through the probe round holes 2-2 to be connected with the movable measuring scale 2-1; the probe fixing clamp 2-4 is positioned at a junction of the metal scale probe 2-3 and the movable measuring scale 2-1 to achieve an effect of fixing the probe; and the universal level 1-5 is horizontally adhered to both ends of the measuring scale slot 1-3. In combination with monitored data and ArcGlS and Surfer software, evolution characteristics of tidal creek microrelief under complex field conditions are clearly, intuitively and accurately obtained.

Description

IN-SITU TIDAL CREEK MICRORELIEF EVOLUTION MONITORING DEVICE AND METHOD Technical Field The present invention belongs to field in-situ monitoring instruments and methods in ecology, agronomy, hydrology, environmental sciences and other subjects, and particularly relates to a field in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution field monitoring device and method.

Background Tidal creek as the most active microrelief unit of sea-land interaction on tidal flat is an important carrier of performing material exchange, energy flow and information transfer between coastal wetlands and the outside, and has vital significance for maintaining stability of a coastal wetland ecosystem.

Evolution of tidal creek relief is a result of a combined action of tide and other environmental factors, comprehensively reflects processes, such as transport, migration and deposition, of sediments between the tidal creek and the tidal flat, and is an important indicator of measuring health of the coastal wetland.

The tidal creek as a basic technical index of ecological protection, remediation and design plays a very important role in restoration and reconstruction of damaged wetland ecosystems, optimizing configuration of wetland water resources and the like.

Study on tidal creek relief evolution of the coastal wetland ecosystem receives increasing attentions, and has developed from initial static qualitative description to a current dynamic quantitative characterization stage.

At present, in China and abroad, sedimentary characteristics, relief erosion and deposition, and water and sediment dynamic characteristics of the tidal creek system are researched by major research methods such as remote sensing image and geographic information system analysis, an airborne laser scanning method, numerical simulation and field observation.

Remote sensing analysis can qualitatively or quantitatively characterize evolution characteristics of the tidal creek relief on a big pattern, but is inconvenient for quantitative reflection of micro-scale variation of the tidal creek.

Meanwhile, the remote sensing analysis has no continuity on recording of the developmental evolution process.

The airborne laser scanning method can well monitor the tidal creek relief evolution process by acquiring high- precision three-dimensional data.

However, since an airborne three-dimensional laser scanner is high in price, high in technical requirements for measurement personnel and inconvenient to carry in the field, wide applications of the scanner are limited.

The numerical simulation can very intuitively simulate a complete tidal creek evolution process.

However, because most of the models are generalized physical models under ideal conditions and a scale effect exists, analysis results of the numerical simulation have greater uncertainty, and are difficult to reflect a real condition of the tidal creek relief evolution.

In order to truly reflect the tidal creek relief evolution characteristics in a natural field state as much as possible, a field in-situ monitoring means urgently needs to be developed to overcome the defects in the above research methods.

Therefore, a novel reliable in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution monitoring device and method are designed, which can directly and accurately measure the dynamic evolution characteristics of the tidal creek microrelief in situ in the field. Summary A purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel reliable in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution monitoring device and methad, which can directly, conveniently and accurately measure the dynamic evolution characteristics of tidal creek microrelief of a coastal wetland in situ in the field.

The present invention is realized by technical solutions as follows: An in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution monitoring device includes a fixed adjusting system 1, a measuring system 2 and a data analysis system 3.

The fixed adjusting system 1 includes a fixed base 1-1, a hydraulic lifting platform 1-2, a measuring scale slot 1-3, movable measuring scale grooves 1-4 and a universal level 1-5; the hydraulic lifting platform 1-2 is positioned on the fixed base 1-1; the measuring scale slot 1-3 is fixed on the hydraulic lifting platform 1-2 by virtue of threaded connection; the measuring scale slot 1-3 is a crosspiece, and a row of movable measuring scale grooves 1-4 is distributed on the top of the measuring scale slot 1-3; one universal level 1-5 is respectively fixed at both ends of the measuring scale slot 1-3 in an adhesion manner; and the hydraulic lifting platform 1-2 is adjusted by observing the universal level 1-5, so that the measuring scale slot 1-3 is located in a horizontal position.

The measuring system 2 includes a movable measuring scale 2-1, probe round holes 2-2, a metal scale probe 2-3, a probe fixing clamp 2-4 and a movable measuring platform 2-5; the movable measuring scale 2-1 is a cuboid aluminium bar; a row of probe round holes 2-2 is distributed on a central line of the aluminium bar; the metal scale probe 2-3 penetrates through the probe round holes 2-2 and is fixed by the probe fixing clamp 2-4; and the movable measuring platform 2-5 is an aluminium extension ladder and is located on the measuring scale slot 1-3.

The data analysis system 3 includes Excel software 3-1, ArcGIS 9.3 software 3-2 and Surfer software 3-3. Data is recorded by using the Excel software 3-1; the data in the Excel software 3- 1is imported into ArcGIS 10.3 software 3-2 to generate .shp data, and generate TIN with altitude data; and a surface map of the tidal creek microrelief is obtained by using the Surfer 11.0 software 3-3, and changes of the tidal creek microrelief are intuitively shown.

Innovation points of the present invention are as follows: 1) The device is highly integrated in design and simple and convenient in operation, can monitor the evolution process and characteristics of the tidal creek microrelief for a long time, and has higher continuity on recording of the evolution process; 2) The device is accurate in measurement results, wide in application and particularly suitable for measurement of dynamic complex relief characteristics of the tidal creek; data acquisition is convenient and simple; and in combination with the data and the software such as ArcGIS and Surfer, the evolution characteristics of the tidal creek microrelief can be clearly and intuitively shown. Description of Drawings Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a device in the present invention; Fig. 2 is a front view of a device in the present invention; Fig. 3 is a top view of a device in the present invention; and Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a using method of a device in the present invention.

In the figures: 1-1: fixed base; 1-2: hydraulic lifting platform; 1-3. measuring scale slot, 1-4: movable measuring scale groove; 1-5: universal level; 2-1: movable measuring scale; 2-2: probe round hole; 2-3: metal scale probe; 2-4: probe fixing clamp; 2-5: movable measuring platform; 3- 1: Excel software; 3-2: ArcGIS software; 3-3: Surfer software.

Detailed Description The present invention is further described in detail below in combination with drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a field in-situ tidal creek microrelief evolution field monitoring device includes a fixed base 1-1, a hydraulic lifting platform 1-2, a measuring scale slot 1-3, movable measuring scale grooves 1-4, a universal level 1-5, a movable measuring scale 2-1, probe round holes 2-2, a metal scale probe 2-3, a probe fixing clamp 2-4 and a movable measuring platform 2-5. The fixed base 1-1 is a hollow stainless steel round tube having a diameter of 200 mm, a height of 300 mm and a thickness of 10 mm; the hydraulic lifting platform 1-2 has a lifting adjustment range of 10-1000 mm and a load of 500 kg; the measuring scale slot 1-3 is a cuboid stick having a length of 2500 mm, a width of 200 mm and a height of 300 mm; sizes of each movable measuring scale groove include a length of 200 mm, a width of 50 mm and a depth of 50 mm, and a spacing between every two grooves is 200 mm; the movable measuring scale 2-1 is a cuboid stick having a length of 2500 mm, a width of 200 mm and a height of 50 mm; the diameter of each probe round hole 2-2 is 10 mm, and a spacing between every two round holes is 50 mm; the metal scale probe 2-3 is a stainless steel needle having a length of 1500 mm, a diameter of 10 mm and scale precision of 1 mm; the movable measuring platform 2-5 is an aluminium extension ladder having a width of 500 mm, and an extension range is 500-2500 mm; the movable measuring scale 2-1 is connected with the measuring scale slot 1-3 via the movable measuring scale grooves 1-4; the metal scale probe 2-3 penetrates through the probe round holes 2-2 to be connected with the movable measuring scale 2-1; the probe fixing clamp 2-4 is positioned at a junction of the metal scale probe 2-3 and the movable measuring scale 2-1; and the universal level 1-5 is horizontally adhered to both ends of the measuring scale slot 1-3.

As shown in Fig. 4, a using method of the device in the present invention includes operating steps as follows:

1) Two fixed bases were respectively mounted on both sides of a tidal creek (an area of an interaction interface between creek walls and a flood plain), and tops of the fixed bases were ensured to be located on the same horizontal plane.

An arrangement method of the fixed base is as follows: one fixed base was fixed first, and the other fixed base was mounted on the other side; in the mounting process, a stainless steel plate that is smooth in surface and has a width of about 200 mm was put on the tops of the two fixed bases; and the stainless steel plate was levelled by a level until a level angle of each part of the stainless steel plate was zero degree; 2) a fixed adjusting system of the device in the present invention was mounted; a hydraulic lifting platform 1-2 was mounted above each fixed base; heights of the hydraulic lifting platforms were adjusted to be consistent; a measuring scale slot 1-3 was mounted by virtue of threaded connection; universal levels 1-5 were respectively located at both ends of the measuring scale slot 1-3; and the heights of the lifting platforms were adjusted until the universal levels were completely located in horizontal positions;

3) a measuring system of the device in the present invention was mounted; during measurement each time, a movable measuring scale 2-1 was put on the movable measuring scale grooves 1-4, and a metal scale probe 2-3 was respectively inserted into probe round holes 2-2; when a bottom tip of the probe contacted with the surface, the probe was clamped by a probe fixing clamp 2-4; and the scale of each probe was read by utilizing a movable measuring platform 2-5 and then recorded;

4) terrain data measured each time was input into an Excel form; a measuring point on the far left of the measuring system was defined as (0, 0, Z); by parity of reasoning, according to point getting characteristics in the measuring process, a coordinate (X, Y, Z) of each measuring grid was obtained; and during measurement each time, a measuring position of each grid was completely matched, as shown in Fig. 4;

5) a deformation quantity of the tidal creek relief was calculated by utilizing ArcGIS 10.3 software; the calculation method includes specific steps: ArcGIS 10.3---Tools---Add XY Data, data recorded in the Excel was selected; Export Data, the data was transformed into a format of .shp; TIN with altitude data was generated by using 3D Analyst---Create/Modify TIN---Create TIN From Features; and a space area between the tidal creek surface and the measuring plane was calculated by using 3D Analyst---Surface Analyst---Area and Volume, as shown in Fig. 4. By using the above method, volumes at a starting point and an ending point of each monitoring time interval were respectively calculated, and the difference between two volumes was the deformation quantity of the tidal creek relief in the monitoring time interval; and

6) relief data was processed by utilizing software Surfer 11.0; a surface map of the tidal creek microrelief monitored each time was drawn by using a 3D surface function; and evolution characteristics of the tidal creek microrelief were analysed by contrasting the surface maps of the tidal creek microrelief at the monitoring starting and ending points.

Claims (4)

CONCLUSIONS A device for in situ tracking of the evolution of micro-relief in a tidal creek in the field, the device comprising: a fixed base (1- 5 1), a hydraulic lifting platform (1-2), a measuring scale slot (1-3 ), movable scale grooves (1-4), a universal spirit level (1-5), a movable scale (2-1), round probe holes (2-2), a metal probe (2-3), a probe fixing clip (2- 4) and a movable measuring platform (2-5), the movable measuring scale (2-1) being connected to the measuring scale slot (1-3) via the movable measuring scale grooves (1- 4); the metal scale (2-3) passes through the round probe holes (2-2) of the probe in order to be connected to the movable measuring scale (2-1); the probe mounting clamp (2-4) is placed at an intersection of the metal scale probe (2-3) and the movable scale (2-1), and the universal spirit level (1-5) is placed horizontally on both ends of the scale groove (1- 3) is attached. The device for in situ field tracking of micro-relief evolution in a tidal creek according to claim 1, wherein a position of the hydraulic lifting platform (1-2) is adjustable up and down; and the movable measuring platform (2-5) carrying the movable measuring scale (2-1) can move back and forth, whereby a flexible measurement of multiple measuring points can be realized. The device for in situ in-field monitoring of the evolution of micro-relief in a tidal creek according to claim 1, wherein the round probe holes (2-2) are designed continuously distributed at a fixed interval on the movable measuring scale (2-1) ; and the metal scale probe (2-3) passes through the round probe holes at a millimeter scale and can move up and down according to the surface configuration, thereby realizing millimeter-level high precision measurements of the micro-relief of the tidal creek. A method for in situ monitoring of the evolution of micro-relief in a tidal creek, the method comprising the following steps: step 1: mounting the fixed base (1-1) of the device according to any one of claims 1 - 3, and leveling using a spirit level; step 2: mounting a fixed adjustment system (1) of the device according to any of claims 1 - 3, and adjusting the lifting platform (1-2) so that the universal level (1-5) can be brought into a horizontal position; step 3: mounting a measuring system (2) of the device according to any of claims 1 - 3, and performing dynamic measurements using the movable measuring platform (2-5); step 4: determination of the position of a zero coordinate (0, O, Z), determination of a coordinate grid, and inputting measurement data into the analysis software Excel (3-1); step 5: input of Excel data into the data analysis software ArcGIS10. 3 (3-2), generating TIN with elevation data, and calculating volumes at a start point and an end point of each time interval of tracking respectively using 3D Analyst-Surface Analyst-Area and Volume, where a difference between the two volumes is a deformation amount of the micro-relief of the tidal creek in the time interval of the tracking; and step 6: processing tracked relief data using the data analysis software Surfer11. 0 (3-3), drawing a surface map of the micro-relief of the tidal creek that is maintained each time using a 3D surface function, and analyzing the evolutionary characteristics of the micro-relief of the tidal creek by the surface maps of the micro-relief of the tidal creek at the start and end points of the tracking.