CN106769459A - A kind of method that utilization optical interferometry measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization optical interferometry measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769459A CN106769459A CN201611146179.7A CN201611146179A CN106769459A CN 106769459 A CN106769459 A CN 106769459A CN 201611146179 A CN201611146179 A CN 201611146179A CN 106769459 A CN106769459 A CN 106769459A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001274660 Modulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that utilization optical interferometry measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, specifically implement according to following steps：Step 1：Applied by screw and be stressed in optical plate glass, and the stress that strain gauge is measured is shown by measuring instrument, record the size of stress；Step 2：Keep the stress in step 1 constant, the diameter Q of the Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot under the stress is read by reading microscope, then calculate the radius r of blackspot；Step 3：Change the value of stress, repeat step 1 and step 2 by screw, obtain the diameter Q and radius r of Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot in the case of the different stress and the different stress of correspondence of optical plate glass；Step 4：The elastic modulus E of calculating optical plate glass.Measuring method of the present invention is simple, and measure the cycle shortens compared to tradition, and measurement range of application expands, and does not have substantial amounts of material deterioration inside, and measurement property is repeated, and can be used to measure small sample optical plate glass.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Application Optics equipment technical field, it is related to a kind of using optical interferometry measurement optical plate glass bullet
The method of property modulus.
Background technology
The measuring method of traditional optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity includes Mechanical Method, acoustic method, optical method etc..With machinery
Based on method, traditional method is usually that optical plate glass can produce elastic deformation to after optical plate glass plus-pressure, is led to
Cross some distinctive methods and measure distance corresponding to elastic deformation therewith, then optical flat glass is obtained divided by strain by stress
The elastic modelling quantity of glass.Above-mentioned several method measurement process are cumbersome, and measure the cycle is very long, and are all large sample measurements, measure
Journey wastes substantial amounts of resource based on destructiveness, and repeatability is very poor.In addition, tradition is to small sample optical flat glass
The measuring method of glass elastic modelling quantity is few, causes the defect in terms of measurement.Typically used in the place such as laboratory
Optical plate glass sample is small sample, need to such as know that their elastic modelling quantity needs that dispatching from the factory for optical plate glass sample must be found
Producer, buys original-pack massive material and measures.
And can solve problem above with Newton's ring optical interferometry.Newton's ring instrument is general to be treated by one piece of radius of curvature is very big
Survey planoconvex spotlight and one piece of optical plate glass is constituted, measured using the sodium yellow light sources of wavelength 589.3nm, sodium gold-tinted warp
Is impinged perpendicularly on Newton's ring instrument after speculum reflection, can the surface of planoconvex spotlight produce equal thickness interference ring striped (including
Bright ring and Crape ring), change the elastic of screw, interference fringe can change therewith.The present invention gos deep on the basis of this phenomenon
Research Newton ring interference image and the transformation relation of optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, have drawn a kind of based on optical interferometry measurement
The method of optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that utilization optical interferometry measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, solve
Existing measuring method is difficult to measure the elastic modelling quantity of compact sized optical plate glass, and the damageability that measuring method is present is surveyed
Problem based on amount.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that a kind of utilization optical interferometry measures the side of optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity
Method, specifically implements according to following steps：
Step 1：Applied by screw and be stressed in optical plate glass, and show that strain gauge is measured by measuring instrument
Stress, record the size of stress；
Step 2：Keep the stress in step 1 constant, sodium light is sent using sodium lamp, it is vertical after the reflected mirror reflection of sodium light
Incide on planoconvex spotlight, the diameter Q of the Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot under the stress is read by reading microscope, so
The radius r of blackspot is calculated afterwards；
Step 3：Change the value of stress, repeat step 1 and step 2 by screw, the difference for obtaining optical plate glass should
The diameter Q and radius r of Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot in the case of power and the different stress of correspondence；
Step 4：The data measured using step 3, obtain the elastic modulus E of optical plate glass：
Wherein, σ is the middle cardiac stress of optical plate glass, and E is the elastic modelling quantity of optical plate glass, and μ is optical flat
The Poisson's ratio of glass, a is the radius of optical plate glass, and r is the radius of Newton ring interference striped blackspot, and R is planoconvex spotlight
Standard curvature radius, h is the thickness of optical plate glass.
The features of the present invention is also resided in：
The concrete structure of the measurement apparatus of use includes base, and strain gauge is placed with the groove of base, and stress is passed
The groove upper surface of the probe higher than base of sensor, is placed with planoconvex spotlight on the probe of strain gauge, put on planoconvex spotlight
Optical plate glass is equipped with, the convex surface of planoconvex spotlight contacts with optical plate glass, in the top surface edge of optical plate glass
Lid is placed with, upper lid is connected by fixed screw with base, has space between upper lid and base；The tool of the measurement apparatus of use
Body structure includes base, and strain gauge is placed with the groove of base, and the probe of strain gauge is higher than on the groove of base
Surface, is placed with planoconvex spotlight on the probe of strain gauge, optical plate glass is placed with planoconvex spotlight, planoconvex spotlight
Convex surface is contacted with optical plate glass, and lid is placed with the top surface edge of optical plate glass, and upper lid passes through fixed screw
It is connected with base, has space between upper lid and base；
Strain gauge, optical plate glass, planoconvex spotlight are coaxial.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of utilization optical interferometry of the present invention measures the side of optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity
Method, it is simple and easy to apply compared with the method for existing measurement optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, and measure the cycle is compared to tradition contracting
Short, measurement range of application expands, and does not have substantial amounts of material deterioration inside, and measurement property is repeated, and it is flat to can be used for measurement small sample optics
Glass sheet.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus that measuring method of the present invention is used；
Fig. 2 is the operation principle flow chart of measuring instrument in the measurement apparatus that measuring method of the present invention is used.
In figure, 1. sodium lamp, 2. reading microscope, 3. speculum, 4. screw, 5. on cover, 6. base, 7. stress sensing
Device, 8. through hole, 9. measuring instrument, 10. optical plate glass, 11. planoconvex spotlights.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The method that a kind of utilization optical interferometry of the present invention measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, the measurement for being used is filled
Put, structure is as shown in figure 1, including base 6, be placed with strain gauge 7, the probe of strain gauge 7 is high in the groove of base 6
In the groove upper surface of base 6, planoconvex spotlight 11 is placed with the probe of strain gauge 7, light is placed with planoconvex spotlight 11
Plate glass 10 is learned, the convex surface of planoconvex spotlight 11 contacts with optical plate glass 10, the top surface edge of optical plate glass 10
On be placed with lid 5, upper lid 5 is connected by fixed screw 4 with base 6, has space between upper lid 5 and base 6；Strain gauge
7 holding wire is connected through the through hole 8 on base 6 with measuring instrument 9, and measuring instrument 9 is used to show that strain gauge 7 is collected
Stress.
Strain gauge 7, optical plate glass 10, planoconvex spotlight 11 are coaxial.
By existing planoconvex spotlight 11 and the position of optical plate glass 10 in the device that measuring method of the present invention is used
Exchange.
Planoconvex spotlight 11 known to curvature criteria value constitutes improved Newton's ring with optical plate glass to be measured 10.
The operation principle of strain gauge 7 and measuring instrument 9 is as shown in Fig. 2 sensor 7 is corresponding by stress output
The size of voltage signal, stress and magnitude of voltage is linear, the model HT-7303M3 of sensor 7, rated power supply Power Supplies Condition
Under, voltage signal is less than 10 millivolts, for convenience Single-chip Controlling analog-to-digital conversion, first by the output signal of sensor 7 by becoming
Send device suitably to be amplified faint small-signal, then control analog-to-digital conversion to change analog signal using single-chip microcomputer (MSP430)
It is data signal, is shown transformation result finally by LCDs (1602 liquid crystal display).
The principle of the method for present invention measurement elastic modelling quantity is that optical plate glass to be measured is assembled into improvement Newton's ring dress
In putting, apply stress by screw to change optical plate glass amount of deflection, stress is measured by strain gauge, by measuring ox
The ring interference image that pauses measures optical plate glass amount of deflection, further according to the elastic modelling quantity of theoretical formula method optical plate glass.
Specifically implement according to following steps：
Step 1：Applied by screw 4 and be stressed in optical plate glass 10, and strain gauge is shown by measuring instrument 9
The stress of 7 measurements, records the size of stress；
Step 2：Keep the stress in step 1 constant, sodium light is sent using sodium lamp 1, the reflected mirror 3 of sodium light hangs down after reflecting
Directly incide on planoconvex spotlight 11, the two beam reflected lights produced through the upper and lower surface of planoconvex spotlight 11 are coherent lights, and two beam is anti-
Penetrate the interference of light and form Newton's ring image, the Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot under the stress is read by reading microscope 2
Diameter Q, then calculates the radius r of blackspot；
Step 3：Change the value of stress, repeat step 1 and step 2 by screw, obtain the difference of optical plate glass 10
The diameter Q and radius r of the Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot in the case of stress and the different stress of correspondence；
Step 4：The data measured using step 3, by the small deflection flat-plate theory formula and optics of optical plate glass
Relation between the bending stiffness and elastic modelling quantity of plate glass can obtain the elastic modulus E of optical plate glass：
Wherein, σ is the middle cardiac stress of optical plate glass, and E is the elastic modelling quantity of optical plate glass, and μ is optical flat
The Poisson's ratio of glass, a is the radius of optical plate glass, and r is the radius of Newton ring interference striped blackspot, and R is planoconvex spotlight
Standard curvature radius, h is the thickness of optical plate glass.
The specific calculating process of elastic modulus E is：
The size of different stress by stepwise stress and is recorded to optical plate glass by screw, at the same time by micro-
The diameter of mirror records center blackspot simultaneously calculates blackspot radius r.By between Newton's Ring planoconvex spotlight and optical plate glass away from
From formula (1) can obtain away from blackspot corresponding to optical plate glass vertical range transform.
Wherein, R is the standard curvature radius of optics planoconvex spotlight, and r is the radius of Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot, d
It is the distance between the optical plate glass at radius r and optics planoconvex spotlight.
Lateral Thin plate under small deflection theory is plus three hypothesis in Elasticity：
First, deformation anteposition is still located on the same normal of elastic surface in each point on normal vector of middle surface after deformation, and method
Distance on line between each point is constant.
Second, compared with other pressure components, it is believed that z-axis pressure component can be ignored (see Yang Yao universe works《Flat board is managed
By》).
3rd, without flexible or shearing deformation in middle face.
On the basis of assuming at this 3, with reference to equilibrium equation：
Geometric equation：
Physical equation：
The deflection surface differential equation of small deflection flat board under lateral load can be obtained using three equation groups above：
In the equation above, the middle cardiac stress of σ optical plate glass, ε is normal strain, and γ is shearing strain, and μ is flat for optics
The Poisson's ratio of glass sheet, E is elastic modelling quantity, and G is modulus of shearing, and D is the bending stiffness of optical plate glass,Referred to as Laplace operator.
Measurement apparatus of the present invention are simple supported edge, the small deflection plectane under concentrated force effect, because optics is flat
The profile feature of glass sheet is especially suitable for polar coordinate system and is calculated, and can be drawn by stress and Deformation Features, the invention belongs to
The axisymmetric bending situation of circular sheet in flat-plate theory.Therefore can be become and turn to polar form, polar coordinates are sat with right angle
Target relation is
X=r cos θ, y=r sin θs
The fundamental differential for substituting into small deflection flat board can be obtained：
Due to optical plate glass of the invention either load or boundary condition be all it is symmetrical to the center of circle, therefore ω with
θ is unrelated, therefore fundamental differential can be turned to：
Above formula integration can be obtained the general solution of equation：
It is the particular solution of equation.
It is steady state value according to optical plate glass center stressed, and the deformation for occurring is finite value, and in optical flat
On the basis of glass periphery simple boundary condition, it is deduced based on small deflection flat-plate theory formula：
Wherein, σ is the middle cardiac stress of optical plate glass, and D is the bending stiffness of optical plate glass, and μ is optical flat
The Poisson's ratio of glass, a is the radius of optical plate glass, and r is the radius of Newton ring interference striped blackspot, and ω is at radius r
Amount of deflection.
The bending stiffness of optical plate glass can be derived by small deflection flat-plate theory formula
The ω in d and formula (9) in formula (1) represents the distance change at blackspot radius r.
Therefore
Therefore can obtain
Again because there is following relation between the bending stiffness and elastic modelling quantity of optical plate glass
Wherein, h is the thickness of optical plate glass, and present invention thickness used is 5mm, and E is elastic modelling quantity, and μ is flat for optics
The Poisson's ratio of glass sheet.
So obtaining elastic modulus E：
Therefore the elastic modulus E formula for finally pushing away is：
Optical plate glass used is k9 models in the present invention, and the Poisson's ratio μ of optical plate glass is 0.209, thus may be used
Obtain the numerical value of optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity.Such as following table one for device of the present invention measures elastic mould value and Zhejiang
The contrast of the elastic modelling quantity nominal value that river optical instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd provides：
The elastic modelling quantity measurement result of table 1 compares
Contrasted from data above, the inventive method solves the survey of small sample optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity well
Amount, method is simple, it is easy to operate, bad to sample nondestructive, and measurement, and high precision can be repeated several times.
Device of the present invention changes planoconvex spotlight and optical flat glass using the newton's ring device of designed, designed
The position of glass, still takes the sodium gold-tinted of traditional wavelength 589.3nm to measure, it is proposed that one kind measurement optical plate glass is cut
The non-destructive measuring method of shear modulu, measure the cycle shortens compared to tradition, and measurement range of application expands, and does not have substantial amounts of material to consume
Damage, measurement property is repeated.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that utilization optical interferometry measures optical plate glass elastic modelling quantity, it is characterised in that specifically according to following
Step is implemented：
Step 1：Applied by screw (4) and be stressed in optical plate glass (10), and stress sensing is shown by measuring instrument (9)
The stress of device (7) measurement, records the size of stress；
Step 2：Keep the stress in step 1 constant, sodium light is sent using sodium lamp (1), hung down after the reflected mirror of sodium light (3) reflection
Directly incide on planoconvex spotlight (11), the Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot under the stress is read by reading microscope (2)
Diameter Q, then calculate the radius r of blackspot；
Step 3：Change the value of stress, repeat step 1 and step 2 by screw, the difference for obtaining optical plate glass (10) should
The diameter Q and radius r of Newton ring interference picture centre blackspot in the case of power and the different stress of correspondence；
Step 4：The data measured using step 3, obtain the elastic modulus E of optical plate glass (10)：
Wherein, σ is the middle cardiac stress of optical plate glass, and E is the elastic modelling quantity of optical plate glass, and μ is optical plate glass
Poisson's ratio, a for optical plate glass radius, r for Newton ring interference striped blackspot radius, R for planoconvex spotlight standard
Radius of curvature, h is the thickness of optical plate glass.
2. measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the concrete structure of the measurement apparatus of use includes base
(6) strain gauge (7), is placed with the groove of base (6), the probe of strain gauge (7) is higher than on the groove of base (6)
Surface, is placed with planoconvex spotlight (11) on the probe of strain gauge (7), planoconvex spotlight is placed with optical plate glass on (11)
(10), the convex surface of planoconvex spotlight (11) contacts with optical plate glass (10), in the top surface edge of optical plate glass (10)
Lid (5) is placed with, upper lid (5) is connected by fixed screw (4) with base (6), has space between upper lid (5) and base (6)；
The holding wire of strain gauge (7) is connected through the through hole (8) on base (6) with measuring instrument (9), measuring instrument (9)
For showing the stress that strain gauge (7) is collected.
3. measuring method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the strain gauge (7), the optical flat glass
Glass (10), the planoconvex spotlight (11) are coaxial.
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| CN201611146179.7A CN106769459B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | A method of optical plate glass elasticity modulus is measured using optical interferometry |
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| CN201611146179.7A CN106769459B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | A method of optical plate glass elasticity modulus is measured using optical interferometry |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107421808A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-01 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of contactless Hopkinson pressure bar measurement |
| CN110132898A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-16 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Using the elasticity modulus of materials measuring system of interferometry supporting beam |
| CN110631911A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-31 | 西安财经大学 | Image processing-based method for rapidly measuring elastic modulus of optical flat glass |
| CN110657928A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for rapidly measuring bending stiffness of optical flat glass |
| CN110657909A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for rapidly measuring center stress of Newton ring |
| CN116626567A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-22 | 苏州大学 | Magnetostriction coefficient measuring device and measuring method |
-
2016
- 2016-12-13 CN CN201611146179.7A patent/CN106769459B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107421808A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-01 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of contactless Hopkinson pressure bar measurement |
| CN107421808B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-10-29 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of device and method of contactless Hopkinson pressure bar measurement |
| CN110132898A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-16 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Using the elasticity modulus of materials measuring system of interferometry supporting beam |
| CN110132898B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-12-28 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Material elastic modulus measuring system applying interferometry to support beam |
| CN110631911A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-31 | 西安财经大学 | Image processing-based method for rapidly measuring elastic modulus of optical flat glass |
| CN110657928A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for rapidly measuring bending stiffness of optical flat glass |
| CN110657909A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-07 | 西安科技大学 | Method for rapidly measuring center stress of Newton ring |
| CN110657928B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-02-26 | 西安科技大学 | Method for rapidly measuring bending stiffness of optical flat glass |
| CN110631911B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2022-03-01 | 西安财经大学 | Image processing-based method for rapidly measuring elastic modulus of optical flat glass |
| CN116626567A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-22 | 苏州大学 | Magnetostriction coefficient measuring device and measuring method |
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