NL1039655C2 - DOSING DEVICE. - Google Patents

Description

Title: Dosing device

The invention relates to a dosing device adapted for dosing granular products such as seed or (artificial) fertilizer granules on agricultural land, comprising a storage reservoir and a rotatable dosing disc or cell wheel, which dosing disc is provided on its mantle surface with dosing chambers or cells for receiving the granular products from the storage container.

The invention also relates to an assembly of a manure injector device 10 adapted for injecting liquid (stable) manure under the agricultural land surface and a dosing device for granular products.

The invention also relates to a method for the combined fattening and dosing of granular products in agricultural land. The device and method according to the invention are particularly suitable for grassland and arable land.

Such a dosing device is known from Dutch patent application 7117553. In this sowing device seed grains are separated or counted with the aid of a cell wheel which rotates with its mantle surface over the surface of the agricultural land, with the aid of cells or dosing chambers arranged in the mantle surface. sown. In order to ensure that each cell or dosing chamber is provided with only one seed grain, so that multiple release of seed from one cell is prevented, the cell wheel is provided with narrowing recesses, for example conical bores, and with an air pressure system wherein a nozzle a stream of air is blown into the cells at a small angle so that the excess seed is blown out of the cells or dosing chambers. This solution has the disadvantage that additional air connections and / or air pumps or fans and / or vacuum systems with associated electrical connections to the dosing device and / or the tractor are necessary in order to guarantee a good accurate seed dosage. There is therefore a need for a precision dosing system for granular products which, with the aid of integrated or coupled mechanical aids, in each case precisely doses one seed pellet or another a pellet such as a manure pellet per dosing chamber.

Dutch patent NL1015182 discloses a particularly favorable combination of a manure injector device and a sowing device in which two or more plow devices arranged parallel to each other, transversely in the direction of travel, simultaneously fertilize and sow or plant in one operation of the soil. 1039655 2. Must e.g. When corn is sown, the mutual plowing distance between two devices therefor can be set to the desired width and the depth of the seed can then be determined by the desired underground height of the seed supply pipe.

5

The invention therefore has for its object to provide a user-friendly, easily and easily connectable dosing device for granular products with which one seed pellet or one other product pellet per dosing chamber is dosed with high precision.

To this end, the invention provides a dosing device with a dosing disc provided with a brush wheel, wherein the brush wheel rotates in opposition to the dosing disc in use.

By brushing with a brush wheel opposite to the direction of rotation of the dosing disc, all other, i.e. second and third granules, are removed from the dosing chambers and it is also ensured that each dosing chamber is provided with exactly one granule.

In particular, the axis of rotation of the metering disc and the axis of rotation of the brush wheel are horizontally oriented substantially parallel to each other.

By having the brush wheel rotate in parallel with the dosing wheel, the excess of granules is very effectively removed and the dosing chambers are not filled and not provided with a granule.

The brush wheel is preferably arranged on the upper side of the dosing disc near the storage reservoir. As a result, the excess granules can be optimally removed from the dosing chamber by returning them to the outlet of the storage reservoir.

In particular, the bristles of the brush wheel extend into the dosing chambers up to the height of the granular products to be dosed. As a result, excess granules are easily removed, while the granule to be dosed in the dosing chamber is not removed.

A preferred embodiment is characterized in that the casing surface of the dosing disc between two dosing chambers is provided with a profile that runs down towards both dosing chambers; the casing surface is preferably provided with a curved shape, or with a roof shape wherein roof-shaped teeth are formed from two adjacent tooth surfaces, the tooth surfaces sloping towards a dosing chamber in the circumferential direction. As a result, the granular products do not remain on the mantle surface of the dosing disc and the excess granules can be more easily removed from the dosing chambers by the brushes.

5

Preferably, two or more dosing discs are provided, wherein at least two dosing discs are rotated / adjusted about half the distance between the dosing chambers about the common axis of rotation. As a result, seed or other granular products can be dosed or sown with a multi or duplicate disc, so that the dosing quantity per revolution of the dosing disc is multiplied by the number of dosing discs. Or two or more products, such as seed and fertilizer granules, can be dosed accurately at the same time. When dispensing one product, the dispensing speed is doubled when applying a duplicate disk and the dispensing speed is increased proportionally by multiplying by the number of dispensing disks when applying a multi-disk.

In particular, the storage reservoir is provided with a partition so that the first and the second dosing disc can dose mutually different granular products. By means of a partition in the storage reservoir, two different products can be dosed simultaneously with the two dosing discs, such as simultaneously two different seeds or manure granules or simultaneously a seed and a granular manure product.

The invention also relates to an assembly of a manure injector device and a dosing device for granular products and to a method for the combined fattening and dosing of granular products in agricultural land. The combination of both devices in an apparatus according to the invention is based on the consideration that an improvement of fattening and sowing becomes possible if, after injection, a granular product such as seed grains is introduced into the produced plow furrow, after which the plow furrow is immediately covered as completely as possible. . In addition to the known advantage that with the injection of liquid manure, the normally occurring odor nuisance no longer exceeds unacceptable limits, the soil can now also be plowed / cultivated, fertilized and sown with one operation, thus saving on costs.

4

The invention therefore also has for its object to provide an improved method for simultaneously fattening and seeding in which the manure in liquid and / or granular form can be dosed with high precision in one pass and the seed grains and / or granular products can reach the optimum sowing depth in the agricultural soil. 5 are applied.

To this end, the method provides for the following steps: • installing a narrow (razor-sharp) plow in the agricultural land with a soil blade disc; Introducing liquid manure into the agricultural land with a manure injector 10 comprising an outflow nozzle of a small plow foot; Dosing granular manure and / or seed into the plow furrow with a dosing device comprising two dosing disks and a partition in the storage reservoir, the dosing disks each dosing a mutually different granular product; 15 • pushing back the open plowed agricultural land in the front plow with a running wheel.

The method preferably also comprises the step of: accurately dosing granular products with the dosing disc of the dosing device, because the brushes on a brush wheel that rotates opposite to the dosing disc remove the excess product from the dosing chambers.

By first introducing liquid manure with the plow furrow and then dosing granular products such as granule fertilizer or seed granules into the plow furrow and subsequently driving the plow furrow close, it is possible to sow and fertilize accurately simultaneously in one pass. This provides time and therefore cost savings and, in addition, the accuracy of sowing is increased, both with regard to the seeding depth and the number.

30

It is also possible with the method according to the invention to carry out a so-called two-stage fertilization aimed at improved (out) growth of the plant. To this end, the starting fertilizer for the young plant is applied at the top of the soil, near the surface. For the further (out) growth of the plant, the main fertilizer is applied to the maximum depth.

5

It is important that care is taken to ensure that the manure injector maintains a constant depth adjustment, ie that the underground manure outflow area is adjusted in such a way that, despite the pressure with which the manure is used, the manure is no longer evaporated (odor nuisance) ) at the ground surface and is therefore completely permissible when driving out. The inventive idea is satisfied in that, after applying the manure in the grass or building soil layer in a pre-made relatively deep plow furrow of a small width, this plow furrow is then slightly open after injecting the manure and dosing the granular products with the rear-mounted The dosing device is immediately compressed or closed again, and because in the covered and pressed layer the emission of the odor causing the odor (ammonia, thus better utilization of the nitrogen) is minimal and therefore strictly permissible and because the seed or another metered granular product cannot be disturbed or moved such as by the wind or by animals such as birds.

15

The assembly for applying the new method must thereby also meet the stringent requirement that any terrain unevenness can be followed and that when taking random obstacles of some height when pulling the plow before on site then there is no interruption of the underground injection of liquid manure and dosing of the granular product.

There is also a need for a manure injector device that enables a forward-drawing track and soil-following ground pattern in a straight line, the device being moreover capable of making slight or sharp bends.

A single manure injector device according to the invention consists of a fixed machine frame which is hingedly mounted on at least one horizontal hinge axis on a lifting device behind the liquid manure container wagon. Attached to this fixed machine frame are the front and height-adjustable running wheels, the rotating soil blade disc, the relatively small plow foot, the injection tube for the liquid manure. Between this machine frame and the said horizontal pivot axis 30 is a hinged parallelogram construction, the limit for sagging of the machine frame upon lowering is determined by a stop. The parallelogram construction is provided with two uprights and with two beams which are hinged to each other.

By making use of a steel rotatable knife disc, the advantage arises that the friction surface with the ground is small, compared to a much larger friction surface on a plow shear. The advantage now is that a minimal soil displacement occurs which is also accompanied by a minimum of structural damage, while the penetrability of the knife disc is optimal, especially in heavy clay soils, the top layer of which can be rock hard.

For example, the energy saving achieved by pulling a plow forwards, or pulling a track with the help of the knife disc and an underground small plow foot instead of a normal plow share, can amount to more than 30% because there is little or no ground displacement. In the case of injection of liquid manure into heavy clay soils, which must be applied with a considerably harder dry top layer than with sand or peat soil, the downward pressure to be exerted on the manure injector device will have to be additionally increased to ensure the rapid penetration of the knife disc. Normally the pressure to be exerted (penetrability) e.g. 80 kg / cm 2, for heavy clay soils the pressure must be e.g. be at least 25 kg / cm2 more. That extra pressure can be exerted, inter alia, with additional weights, but also through the action of additional mechanical or hydraulic or pneumatic pressure means suitable for that purpose.

The invention therefore also has for its object to provide an improved manure injector device for the assembly with which uniform plow furrows are drawn and with which the desired width and depth is maintained because a constant penetration depth of the soil knife disc can be realized so that the manure can be produced in liquid or granular form with high precision. dosed and / or the seed grains can be applied to the optimum sowing depth in the agricultural land.

To this end, the invention provides an assembly with a manure injector device in which a compression spring mechanism is provided between a post and a beam of the parallelogram construction on the remodeling whereby the manure injector can overcome the unevenness and / or obstacles in the ground surface to be worked in a smooth movement. or collected; and whereby the manure injector during use provides for keeping the soil blade disc underground at constant penetration depth and the small plow foot mounted behind it for advancing the manure injector and the dosing device for the plow-following and soil-following.

30

In particular, a supporting bracket extending in the direction of the second post is provided on the first upright of the parallelogram structure, which bracket is connected at its end to the lower beam by means of a vertical compression spring. The support bracket is preferably provided with a support arm that rests on the underside of the first upright.

By using a support bracket, possibly further reinforced by a support bracket extending parallel to the beams, a greater torque is obtained and 7 a greater downward force is exerted by the compression spring on the machine frame with the soil manure disc and the plow foot in the case of small irregularities and / or unevenness. or obstacles.

For spreading out and injecting liquid manure and dosing granular products in the above-mentioned manner, two or more assemblies according to the invention can be pulled with plow furrows at a mutual distance of e.g. 50 cm and the plow foot following the blade will work at a depth of approx. 12 - 30 cm. With grassland, the correct depth adjustment is important to prevent root damage to the crop and also to prevent possible burns of the roots of the crop by the manure or grain manure.

Further construction details of the combined manure injector device will be further elucidated in the figure description on the basis of an exemplary embodiment.

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a side view of an assembly of a manure injector device with a rear-coupled dosing device, which is suspended from a lifting device behind the manure container; Figure 2A is a schematic side view of the dosing device according to the invention;

Figure 2B shows a perspective view of the dosing device from the rear side of Figure 2A;

Figures 3A and 3B show the dosing device of Figures 2A and 2B with the dosing disk housing removed;

Figure 4A shows a perspective view of the dosing disk and brush disk according to the invention; Figure 4B shows, in a detail of Figure 4A, the brush wheel and the jacket surface of the metering disc.

In Figure 1, a towing vehicle (not shown) is the power source for a coupled manure container 2 which is only shown schematically. A manure injector device 4 is mounted on the rear frame 3 of the manure container 2, which is mounted on a horizontal mounting beam 6 to the lowerable / hoisting frame 7 of the manure injector device 4 on the back of the manure container 2. A manure injector device, see Figure 1, consists of a fixed machine frame 8 which is connected to the horizontal mounting beam 6 via a hinged parallelogram construction 9 via four hinge points 10.

8

The machine frame 8 is provided with a vertical extension piece 14 which has at its lower end a turning pin 15 in which the shaft 16 of the knife disc 17 is mounted.

The machine frame 8 is extended rearwardly with a plate-shaped angular part 18 to which the small plow foot 20 is attached at the correct distance from the knife disc 17 and at some height from the bottom thereof. Liquid manure can be dosed under pressure with the help of tube 21. With the aid of the blade disc 17 and the plow foot 20, a plow furrow is pulled into the agricultural land, after which liquid manure or a granular product such as seed grains can be introduced into this plow.

The front running wheel 27 can be adjusted in height relative to the fixed machine frame 8, whereby the depth adjustment of the knife disc 17 in the ground to be worked can be adjusted from e.g. 10 to 30 cm, depending on the root depth of a crop (grass). It is possible in this way that the plow foot 20 does not lift turf in grassland, but only pushes the soil away on both sides underground to make way for the liquid manure then flowing out.

Figure 1 shows the lifting device 13 and also the manure distributor 14 which is connected by means of hoses 28 to the injection tubes 29 of parallel plow with manure injector devices.

The parallelogram construction is formed by two vertical and two horizontal mutually hinged beam elements; a first upright 11 ', a second upright 11' ", an upper girder 11" and a lower girder 11 "".

Between a post and a beam, first beam 11 'and lower post 11 "" in figure 1, a compression spring mechanism 44 is provided, such that the compression spring 44 is depressed when the post and the beam move towards each other due to unevenness in and obstacles on farmland. Because the compression spring 44 is compressed, a greater force will be exerted on the machine frame 8 with the knife disc 17 and the plow foot 20 so that, as a result of this increased force, the pre-set depth can be maintained as well as possible.

In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 1, the compression spring mechanism 44 is fixed at the bottom to the lower beam 11 "" and a support bracket 12 is provided which extends horizontally, parallel to the beams, and can optionally be supported by a support arm 45, which extends in this exemplary embodiment from the first upright 11 'to the support bracket 12. As a result, a larger moment is obtained through which the compression spring 44 can exert a greater force on the machine frame 8.

9

A coupling rod 22 is provided on the plate-shaped part 18, to which a metering device 42 for granular products is coupled. The dosing device comprises a dosing disc 32, a storage reservoir 31 for granular products 30, a dosing disc housing 19 and a rear running wheel 25. The rear running wheel 25 presses the plow close after the manure injection and after dosing the granular product.

In Figure 1 it is visible that the two running wheels 25 and 27 run over the surface of the ground and thus the knife disc 17 partly and the small plow foot 20 with outlet of the injection tube 29 are entirely underground. After the processing of grassland 10, the tracks are still somewhat visible, but after a very short time they close completely at the front and it is hardly visible afterwards that an operation has taken place.

Figures 2A and 2B show the dosing device 42 in more detail. Figure 2B is a rear side view of Figure 2A in perspective. Granular product 30, such as seed or manure granules, is introduced through the opening into the storage reservoir 31. When the tractor moves the manure injector forwards over the land (see Figures 1 and 2A), the running wheels 25, 27 and the dosing disc 32 will rotate counterclockwise, according to arrows A. The dosing disc is a so-called cell wheel or wheel attached to its lateral surface 33 is provided with cells or metering chambers 34. In each metering chamber 34, one pellet such as a seed or manure pellet is introduced. This grain leaves the metering disc when this metering chamber is rotated to the underside on the mantle surface and the mantle surface is in contact with the agricultural land. Premature failure of the grain from the metering chambers is prevented by the metering disk housing 19 extending over a large part of the front side of the metering disk. When exactly one grain can be placed in a dosing chamber in each case, it is possible to dose very accurately, or in the case of seed grains, to sow. As a result, dosing errors will not occur quickly; skipping a seed is undesirable because it reduces the yield of the piece of land; dosing two or more seeds is also undesirable because the seed costs increase with the same yield. A mechanism is therefore required to ensure that exactly one seed or a grain is always introduced into the dosing chamber. Systems are known on the basis of compressed air / vacuum, with which excess granules are blown away or sucked away. These systems have the disadvantage that additional means are required, such as vacuum pumps, air pumps or blowers on the manure injector device or additional pipework, for supplying or extracting the air or for supplying electricity.

In Figures 3A and 3B, the metering disc housing 19 of Figures 2A, 2B is removed so that the mechanical system for metering one grain per metering chamber 5 is shown. The granules in the storage reservoir flow downwards via the outlet to the part of the mantle surface of the dosing disc which is in upward movement from the ground.

According to the invention, the dosing device comprises a brush disc 35, which is provided with radially protruding brushes from the brush surface, with which surplus grains are removed, and which also ensures that all dosing chambers are provided with a grain.

To accomplish this, the brush wheel 35 is provided with a rotation shaft 36, so that the brush wheel 35 can rotate opposite to the dosing disc 32. The brush wheel thereby sweeps the excess grains back with the brushes in the direction of the outlet of the storage reservoir and thus provides at the same time the preceding (unfilled) dosing chamber of at least one grain.

The brush mechanism is shown in more detail in Figures 4A and 4B. Figure 4B is an enlargement of the perspective view of Figure 4A. The dosing device is pulled to the right so that the dosing disc rotates counterclockwise, according to the arrows A. The brush wheel 35 rotates clockwise, opposite to the direction of rotation of the dosing disc 32. In the dosing chambers 34, on the bottom thereof, a granular product 30 can be introduced . The casing surface 33 of the dosing disc between two dosing chambers 34 is provided with a surface with a profile that slopes down to both sides towards the adjacent dosing chambers 34 in the circumferential direction. The casing surface can be provided with a curved shape, such as a spherical or cylindrical shape , but in the embodiment, as shown in the figures, is provided with a roof shape or roof-shaped teeth 39 with two tooth surfaces 40 ', 40 ". As a result, the grains will not remain on the mantle surface but will always slide to one of the two metering chambers Excess grains are removed from the metering chamber 34 by the brush wheel 35 and the brush 38 and are thrown back in the direction of the outlet of the storage reservoir. Due to the sloping roof shape of the teeth 39 of the metering disc, a number of grains will move to adjacent (unfilled) dosing chambers are displaced, which is located in front of the dosing chambers against the direction of rotation of the dosing disc n, which are below or near the brush wheel.

Because the bristles 38 of the brush wheel 35 extend (partially) into the dosing chambers 34, approximately up to the height of the granular product 30 to be dosed, it is achieved that there is only one grit in the dosing chamber 34 when this is positioned opposite the ground surface. The granules are dosed to the ground surface from the dosing chamber by means of a free fall.

The brush wheel 35 is preferably driven mechanically, for example by a chain drive from the rear running wheel or from the metering disc.

In this exemplary embodiment of Figures 4A and 4B, two dosing discs 32 ', 32 "are provided, which are coupled to each other with an intermediate disc 43. Each dosing disc 32', 32" is provided with dosing chambers 34. The dosing discs are rotated relative to each other about the common axis of rotation 37 over half the distance between the metering chambers so that granules can be dosed alternately. In order to be able to dose two types of grains at the same time, such as two types of manure grains or two types of seed grains or seed grains and manure grains, an intermediate or sub-partition 41 is provided in the storage reservoir.

With the assembly as shown in figure 1, comprising a manure injector device and a dosing device for granular products coupled thereto, liquid manure can be injected into the soil as well as sown in one working pass. This saves on fuel and also on the number of hours worked on the land. The soil structure and fertility of the soil are better preserved and less soil compaction will occur. The capillary rise of water is retained. There is no need to plow so that the sod can remain intact. With agricultural land with a top layer of clay on a peat bottom layer, the soil does not have to be mixed and the clay layer can remain on top. When applying the assembly according to the invention there is no need for plowing and cultivating, and also one (weed) spraying lapses after fertilizing and sowing in one pass because the sod remains intact and there is no new seed (from unwanted plants or weeds). ) is raised, which can germinate on the surface.

30 1039655

Claims (12)

A dosing device adapted for dosing granular products (30) such as seed or fertilizer granules on agricultural land, comprising a supply reservoir 5 (31) and a rotatable dosing disk (32) or cell wheel, which dosing disk is provided on its mantle surface (33) of dosing chambers (34) or cells for receiving the granular products (30) from the supply reservoir (31) and for dispensing or dosing the products, characterized in that a brush wheel (35) is provided, the brush wheel in use, rotates opposite to the dosing disc (32). Dosing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation (37) of the metering disc (32) and the axis of rotation (36) of the brush wheel (35) are oriented substantially parallel to each other horizontally. 15 Dosing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brush wheel (35) is arranged on the top of the dosing disc (32) near the storage reservoir (31). Dosing device according to one of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the bristles (38) of the brush wheel (35) extend into the dosing chambers (34) up to the height of the granular products to be dosed ( 30). Dosing device according to one of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the casing surface (33) of the dosing disc is provided between two dosing chambers (34) with a profile that runs towards both dosing chambers (34); the casing surface (44) is preferably provided with a curved shape, or with a roof shape in which roof-shaped teeth (39) are formed from two adjacent tooth surfaces (40 ', 40 "), the tooth surfaces sloping towards a dosing chamber in the circumferential direction . 6. Dispensing device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims 1-5, characterized in that two or more dosing discs (32 ', 32 ") are provided, wherein at least two dosing discs are half the distance between them dosing chambers are rotated about the common axis of rotation (37) 7. Dispensing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the reservoir (31) is provided with a partition (41) so that the first and the second dosing disk (32 ', 32 ") have mutually different granular products ( 30) can dose. An assembly of a manure injector device adapted for injecting liquid (stable) manure below the agricultural land surface and a dosing device (42) for granular products (30) according to any of the preceding claims 1-7; comprising the combination of a manure container (2) for liquid manure to be moved by a towing vehicle, a provision at the rear end of the manure container (2) for a lifting device (7, 13) to be mounted thereon for a manure injector (4); 15. at least one manure injector (4) to be hingedly mounted on the frame of the manure container (2) and / or the tractor, which manure is operated by the lifting device (7, 13. and which manure injector (4) is provided with: pivotable soil blade disc (17) adjustable relative to the ground to be worked for vertically arranged in the direction of travel for mounting a narrow (razor-sharp) plow front; • a depth-adjustable relatively narrow small plow foot (20) mounted directly behind the ground blade disc (17) • a first running wheel (27) mounted in driving direction in front of the ground blade disc (17) 25. an outflow nozzle (19, 21) of the manure injector (4) located at the desired adjustable ground depth and which under a certain pressure with the content of the manure container (2) is connected so that the liquid manure can be arranged at a short distance behind the plow foot (20) at the bottom of the narrow front that as a result, after closing the placed ground odor nuisance is reduced to a minimum; • a dosing device (42) according to any one of the preceding claims 1-7 with which granular products (30) can be dosed in the front arranged by the soil manure disc (17) and the plow foot (20) in the agricultural soil, • a rear row in the direction of travel the second running wheel (25) mounted on the dosing device (42), which also serves to firmly push the plowed soil open by the plow foot (20) back into the plow furrow; characterized in that a spring mechanism (44) is provided between an upright (11 ') and a beam (11 ") of the parallelogram construction (9) on the lifting device whereby the manure injector processes the unevenness and / or obstacles in the the surface of the ground surface in a smooth movement or collected, and whereby the manure injector during use provides for keeping the ground blade disc (17) underground at constant penetration depth and the small plow foot (20) mounted behind it for the plow-following and ground-following moving of the manure injector (4) and the dosing device (42). An assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that a support bracket (12) extending in the direction of the second upright (11 '") is provided on the first upright (11') of the parallelogram structure (9) and is provided on its end is connected to the lower beam (11 "") by means of a vertical compression spring (44) An assembly according to any one of claims 8-9, characterized in that support bracket (12) is provided with a support arm (45) which rests on the underside of the first upright (11 '). A method for combined fattening and dosing of granular products in agricultural land comprising the steps of: • applying a narrow (razor-sharp) plow furrow in the agricultural land with a soil blade disc (17); • introducing liquid manure into the agricultural land with a manure injector 30 comprising an outflow nozzle (19, 21) of a small plow foot (20); • dosing granular manure and / or seeds (30) in the front plow with a dosing device (42) comprising two dosing disks (32 ', 32 ") and a partition (41) in the storage reservoir (31), the dosing disks each having a mutual dosing different granular product, 35. pushing back the open plowed agricultural land into the plow furrow with a running wheel (25). A method for combined fattening and sowing in agricultural land comprising the step of: • accurately dosing granular products (30) with the dosing disc 5 (32) of the dosing device (42), by using brushes (38) on a brush wheel (35) , which rotates in the opposite direction to the dosing disc, the excess product (30) is removed from the dosing chambers (34). 1039655