MXPA02005336A - Metodos novedosos para el tratamiento y prevencion del ileo. - Google Patents
Metodos novedosos para el tratamiento y prevencion del ileo.Info
- Publication number
- MXPA02005336A MXPA02005336A MXPA02005336A MXPA02005336A MXPA02005336A MX PA02005336 A MXPA02005336 A MX PA02005336A MX PA02005336 A MXPA02005336 A MX PA02005336A MX PA02005336 A MXPA02005336 A MX PA02005336A MX PA02005336 A MXPA02005336 A MX PA02005336A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- hydrogen
- cycloalkyl
- alkyl substituted
- cycloalkenyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 208000008384 ileus Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N morphinan Chemical class C1C2=CC=CC=C2[C@]23CCCC[C@H]3[C@@H]1NCC2 INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 366
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 99
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 87
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 81
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 71
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 39
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 28
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- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
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- KCNKJCHARANTIP-SNAWJCMRSA-N allyl-{4-[3-(4-bromo-phenyl)-benzofuran-6-yloxy]-but-2-enyl}-methyl-amine Chemical group C=1OC2=CC(OC/C=C/CN(CC=C)C)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 KCNKJCHARANTIP-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000001312 palmitoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001769 paralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001575 pathological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 102000014187 peptide receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010011903 peptide receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009521 phase II clinical trial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WLJVXDMOQOGPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIFDXOOJPDHKJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine-1-carbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)N1CCCCC1 BIFDXOOJPDHKJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001325 propanoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006410 propenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009803 radical hysterectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004366 reverse phase liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002820 sympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004853 tetrahydropyridinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108020001588 κ-opioid receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/485—Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/439—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom the ring forming part of a bridged ring system, e.g. quinuclidine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/445—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
- A61K31/451—Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. glutethimide, meperidine, loperamide, phencyclidine, piminodine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45092099A | 1999-11-29 | 1999-11-29 | |
| PCT/US2000/042313 WO2001042207A2 (en) | 1999-11-29 | 2000-11-29 | Novel methods for the treatment and prevention of ileus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA02005336A true MXPA02005336A (es) | 2003-01-28 |
Family
ID=23790061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MXPA02005336A MXPA02005336A (es) | 1999-11-29 | 2000-11-29 | Metodos novedosos para el tratamiento y prevencion del ileo. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1244448B1 (https=) |
| JP (2) | JP5079961B2 (https=) |
| AT (1) | ATE432076T1 (https=) |
| AU (2) | AU780738B2 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2393141C (https=) |
| CY (1) | CY1109264T1 (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE60042282D1 (https=) |
| DK (1) | DK1244448T3 (https=) |
| ES (1) | ES2329004T3 (https=) |
| IL (2) | IL149650A0 (https=) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02005336A (https=) |
| NZ (1) | NZ518684A (https=) |
| PT (1) | PT1244448E (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2001042207A2 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6274591B1 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2001-08-14 | Joseph F. Foss | Use of methylnaltrexone and related compounds |
| CA2811272C (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2016-12-20 | Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations containing methylnaltrexone |
| US6992090B2 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-01-31 | Adolor Corporation | Substituted piperidine compounds and methods of their use |
| US8518962B2 (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2013-08-27 | The University Of Chicago | Use of opioid antagonists |
| US9662325B2 (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2017-05-30 | The University Of Chicago | Use of opioid antagonists to attenuate endothelial cell proliferation and migration |
| US8524731B2 (en) | 2005-03-07 | 2013-09-03 | The University Of Chicago | Use of opioid antagonists to attenuate endothelial cell proliferation and migration |
| ES2714198T3 (es) | 2005-03-07 | 2019-05-27 | Univ Chicago | Uso de antagonistas opioideos para atenuar la proliferación y la migración de células endoteliales |
| AR057035A1 (es) | 2005-05-25 | 2007-11-14 | Progenics Pharm Inc | SíNTESIS DE (R)-N-METILNALTREXONA, COMPOSICIONES FARMACÉUTICAS Y USOS |
| AR057325A1 (es) | 2005-05-25 | 2007-11-28 | Progenics Pharm Inc | Sintesis de (s)-n-metilnaltrexona, composiciones farmaceuticas y usos |
| JP5176188B2 (ja) | 2006-04-21 | 2013-04-03 | ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． | オピオイド受容体拮抗薬の使用 |
| TWI489984B (zh) | 2006-08-04 | 2015-07-01 | Wyeth Corp | 用於非經腸道傳輸化合物之配方及其用途 |
| JP2010522756A (ja) | 2007-03-29 | 2010-07-08 | プロジェニックス ファーマシューティカルズ，インコーポレーテッド | 結晶形およびその使用 |
| EP2565195B1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2015-05-06 | Wyeth LLC | Peripheral opioid receptor and antagonists and uses thereof |
| PL2137191T3 (pl) | 2007-03-29 | 2016-12-30 | Antagoniści obwodowego receptora opioidowego i ich zastosowania | |
| AU2008349873B2 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2014-02-13 | Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Preparation and use of (R),(R)-2,2'-bis-methylnaltrexone |
| CA2719134C (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2015-06-30 | The University Of Chicago | Treatment with opioid antagonists and mtor inhibitors |
| CA2676881C (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2017-04-25 | Wyeth | Peripheral opioid receptor antagonists and uses thereof |
| RU2455943C1 (ru) * | 2011-02-01 | 2012-07-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Российский государственный медицинский университет Федерального агентства по здравоохранению и социальному развитию" (ГОУ ВПО РГМУ Росздрава) | Способ лечения обтурационной формы острой спаечной тонкокишечной непроходимости |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1420015B1 (de) * | 1959-10-16 | 1971-08-26 | Boehringer Sohn Ingelheim | 2'-Hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphane |
| US4176186A (en) * | 1978-07-28 | 1979-11-27 | Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh | Quaternary derivatives of noroxymorphone which relieve intestinal immobility |
| FR2514644A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-19 | 1983-04-22 | Sanofi Sa | Composition pharmaceutique a action antagoniste peripherique des opiaces |
| EP0103636B1 (en) * | 1982-03-16 | 1990-09-12 | Rockefeller University | Use of opium antagonists for the manufacture of medicaments for controlling gastrointestinal dysmotility |
| US4806556A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1989-02-21 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Gut-selective opiates |
| US4730048A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1988-03-08 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Gut-selective opiates |
| US5250542A (en) * | 1991-03-29 | 1993-10-05 | Eli Lilly And Company | Peripherally selective piperidine carboxylate opioid antagonists |
| US6274591B1 (en) | 1997-11-03 | 2001-08-14 | Joseph F. Foss | Use of methylnaltrexone and related compounds |
-
2000
- 2000-11-29 MX MXPA02005336A patent/MXPA02005336A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-29 AU AU39705/01A patent/AU780738B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-11-29 IL IL14965000A patent/IL149650A0/xx active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-29 CA CA2393141A patent/CA2393141C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-29 NZ NZ518684A patent/NZ518684A/xx unknown
- 2000-11-29 ES ES00992255T patent/ES2329004T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-29 AT AT00992255T patent/ATE432076T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-29 PT PT00992255T patent/PT1244448E/pt unknown
- 2000-11-29 JP JP2001543508A patent/JP5079961B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-29 WO PCT/US2000/042313 patent/WO2001042207A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-11-29 EP EP00992255A patent/EP1244448B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-29 DE DE60042282T patent/DE60042282D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-29 DK DK00992255T patent/DK1244448T3/da active
-
2002
- 2002-05-14 IL IL149650A patent/IL149650A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-07-13 AU AU2005203041A patent/AU2005203041B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2009
- 2009-08-05 CY CY20091100828T patent/CY1109264T1/el unknown
-
2012
- 2012-04-16 JP JP2012092605A patent/JP5460771B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK1244448T3 (da) | 2009-08-17 |
| EP1244448A2 (en) | 2002-10-02 |
| CA2393141C (en) | 2013-08-13 |
| EP1244448A4 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
| IL149650A (en) | 2011-02-28 |
| CA2393141A1 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| AU2005203041B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| ATE432076T1 (de) | 2009-06-15 |
| JP2012162560A (ja) | 2012-08-30 |
| JP2003517476A (ja) | 2003-05-27 |
| EP1244448B1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
| PT1244448E (pt) | 2009-06-30 |
| JP5079961B2 (ja) | 2012-11-21 |
| DE60042282D1 (de) | 2009-07-09 |
| NZ518684A (en) | 2003-11-28 |
| WO2001042207A3 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
| AU3970501A (en) | 2001-06-18 |
| ES2329004T3 (es) | 2009-11-20 |
| JP5460771B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
| WO2001042207A2 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| AU2005203041A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| AU780738B2 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
| CY1109264T1 (el) | 2014-07-02 |
| IL149650A0 (en) | 2002-11-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG | Grant or registration |