MX2014000654A - Process for seeding mini setts of sugar cane and/or similar species. - Google Patents

Abstract

Process for seeding mini setts of sugar cane and/or similar species, which is intended to standardize and optimize the seeding of sugar cane preferably using a machine for cutting and selecting settings of different cane measures automated for performing the seeding and a machine for seeding and fertilizing the mini setts of sugar cane or the like with the purpose of reducing the seeding time and the costs thereof, in such a manner that the seeding method is made more efficient, performing from 1 to 6 furrows per each travel.

Description

Process for the sowing of miniesquejes of cane and / or other similar species.

DESCRIPTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is to provide a process capable of making sowing easier and faster, in addition to the sowing has a maximum emergence, through the planting method, since sowing cuttings or seeds, in this way also manages to efficiently distribute the seed and according to the space that is calibrated the seeding machine.

BACKGROUND Since the domestication and cultivation of sugarcane, the process for planting it has been basically the same. In the American continent, the cultivation of sugar cane was introduced from the first years of the conquest and colonization, expanding throughout the continent in a wide range of land types and climates. In sugarcane and similar species, the medium used for their reproduction is by asexual reproduction, using vegetative parts called cuttings which contain the buds from which the new plants are generated.

In ancestral cultivation and even modern sugarcane plantations, the method for planting plots with cane is as follows. The cane is taken approximately 10 months of age and cut into pieces (cuttings) of 30 to 60 cm, each of which contains several nodes where 2 to 6 buds are found. These pieces of cane are deposited in the Earth will be covered with the earth and from each of these buds the new plants will be formed. This method of sowing involves a large amount of resources, from the amount of biomass required to plant a hectare that is 8 to 20 tons / ha of seed cane and the number of people and vehicles that must intervene in cutting, hauling and distribution in the field of cuttings used as seed. Done in this way, the work of planting cane involves approximately 50% of the costs necessary for its cultivation.

In such a way that the traditional sowing is described in the following steps: • Cutting of the seed-carrying cane to the plot to be planted · Field distribution furrow-chopped or cut into pieces of 30 to 60 cm • Capping of the sown cane.

Between the efforts for the mechanization of this process, the cut is made by means of cutting machines, the manipulation and loading of the cut cane by means of the lifting machines, the sowing by means of cutting cutters machines and that are depositing the cuttings in the sowing furrows and the cover of the planting by simple implements. However, although mechanized or semi-mechanized the process has been and remains basically the same This is the method of sowing used in the sugarcane regions of Mexico, in other regions of America or the world the method is basically the same; Some variants to the method can include the work of deshojado of the cuttings; or the cutting of cuttings is done before taking the seed cane to the field where it will be sown; You can also perform some work of selection or treatment of the cuttings to be planted.

It is important to mention that in order to carry out this innovative process in question, two innovative machines are being used, also authoring CP A, Pedro Antonio Romero Aranda and whose file numbers are: MX / a / 2013/000685 whose description is "Cutting and sorting machine for canutos or cuttings of several measures of automated cane for sowing ", and MX / a / 2013/008210 whose description is" Fertilizer sowing of mini cuttings or sugarcane canutos or others ", same that are in process before the Institute Mexican Industrial Property and that allow through their incorporation in this process to standardize and optimize the seeding process of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1.- Shows the Cutting and Sorting Machine of Canutos or Cuttings of Various Measures of Automated Cane for Sowing, used to obtain the "seed". Figure 2.- Shows a side view of the Fertilizer Seed Machine of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others.

Figure 3.- It shows a top view of the Fertilizer Seed Machine of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others.

Figure 4.- Shows a lateral view with detail of the feeder of the Fertilizer Planter of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others.

Figure 5.- Shows a perspective view of the Fertilizer Seed Machine of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Process for the sowing of miniesquejes of cane and / or other similar species, which is comprised of the following stages: A. Court B. Engagement C. Adjustment D. Dosage E. Capping and sealing And that mainly uses, the "Cutting machine and sorter of canutos or cuttings of several measures of cane of automated for sowing" and the "Seeding machine fertilizer of mini cuttings or canutos of cane of sugar or others".

Stage A.- Cutting, The seed is obtained by means of previously selected cane in the field, then the cuts of the cuttings or canutos of cane are obtained with the Cutting and Sorting Machine of Canutos or Cuttings of Various Measures of Automated Cane for Sowing, later on It gives a specific treatment and is packaged or packaged and will be available for planting.

Stage B. - Engage, the fertilizer seeder of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others (1), is hooked to a tractor, in such a way that it is dragged behind it. In this step, the seed is transported and poured or served in each of the containers (2), according to the amount that is desired to be sown.

Stage C.- Adjustment, adjust the gear of the planter (3), according to the amount you want to dose by distance, these gears will allow the dosing plate to turn at a certain speed and thus dose the seed needed .

Stage D.- Dosing, the depth is regulated and the planter is adjusted as well as the capper legs (4), so that the dosage of the seed in the respective furrow is carried out. Stage E.- Clogging and sealing, The next step is the adjustment between seeders, this means that each of the seeders works individually and can be adjusted to have a certain distance between rows, as well as being able to have from 1 sowing. groove up to 6 in a single advance, with adjustments made and the advance of the planter then the capper legs perform their function, properly covering the seed, and continuing the operation, then the sealing wheels pass over the capped furrow and reseal the earth in a standardized and homogeneous way.

To clarify the process this begins with the cutting of the seed cane in miniscuits; which consist of pieces of sugar cane preferably 3.5 to 5 cm in length and containing at least one yolk, (to perform this operation we use the Cutting and Sorting Machine of Canutos or Cuttings of Various Measures of Automated Cane for Planting ( 5)), this type of minisquejes is what we will call seed this is placed in packaging or in the seed supplier tank, (this tank is part of the fertilizer seeder of mini cuttings or sugarcane canutos or others), the The planter is attached to a tractor, the gear is adjusted, so that the dosing plate rotates at the necessary speed, this according to the amount of seeds that are desired to be dosed per space, the calibration screw is placed at the necessary height, preferably 30 cm, the planter is adjusted, this means, each planter individual, it is placed at the necessary distance between rows, besides being able to decide if it is desired to place from 1 to 6 seeders, then the trimmer is adjusted. When the tractor starts to move the sealing wheels also start to work then the furrow begins to make the furrows, the wheel performs the mechanics in conjunction with the mechanical chain attached to the gear of the spiral tube in this way begins to provide the seed to the dosing plate that at the time of the chain begins to dose the seeds by means of blades placed on it, the seed falls and is guided to the furrow by means of the dosing plate, when the seed is in the furrow it continues advancing the tractor, then the capper legs perform their function, suitably covering the seed, and continuing the operation, then the sealing wheels go through above the clogged furrow and reseal the earth.

The cutting of cane in minisquejes is an innovation with a great impact on the cultivation of sugarcane, whose advantages can be seen in the following table 1 Table 1

Claims (9)

CLAIMS Having described my invention enough, I consider it as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following clauses:

1. Process for the sowing of miniesquejes of cane and / or other similar species characterized in that it is comprised of the following stages, such as: to. cut b. Hitch c. Adjustment d. Dosage and. Capping and sealing

2. Process for the sowing of miniesquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized in that the "Cutting and sorting machine of canutos or cuttings of several measures of automated cane for sowing" and the "Fertilizer seeder of mini cuttings or canutos of sugar cane or others".

3. Process for the sowing of miniesquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by Stage A.- Cutting, The seed is obtained by cane previously selected in the field, after which the cuttings of the cuttings are obtained or canutos of cane with the Cutting and Sorting Machine of Canutos or Cuttings of Various Measures of Automated Cane for Sowing, later it is given a specific treatment and it is packed or packed and will be available for planting.

4. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by Stage B.- Engagement, The fertilizer seeder of mini cuttings or canutos of sugarcane or others is attached to a tractor, in such a way that it is dragged behind it. In this step, the seed is transported and poured or served in each of the containers, according to the amount that is desired to be planted.

5. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by Stage C.- Adjustment, the gear of the planter is adjusted, according to the quantity that is desired to be dosed by distance , said gears will allow the dosing plate to rotate at a certain speed and thus dose the seed that is needed.

6. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by the Stage D.- Dosing, the depth is regulated and the seeder is adjusted as the capper legs so that it is carried out the dosage of the seed in the respective furrow.

7. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by Stage E. - Capping and sealing, The next step is the adjustment between seeders, this means that each of the planters work individually and can be adjusted to have a certain distance between rows, in addition to having from 1 row to 6 in a single advance, with the adjustments made and the advance of the planter then the capper legs perform their function , properly covering the seed, and continuing the operation, then the sealing wheels pass over the capped furrow and reseal the earth in a standardized and homogeneous way.

8. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by the thyme of calibration is placed at the necessary height preferably 30 cm.

9. Process for the sowing of minisquejes of cane and / or other similar species according to claim # 1, characterized by adjusting the planter or seeders, that is, each individual planter is placed at the necessary distance between rows, in addition to can decide if you want to place preferably 1 to 6 seeders