RU2477945C2 - Method to increase rooting ability of fruit crop seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of gardening. On fertilised and prepared soil to the bottom of the hole they introduce 200-300 g of barley with high germinating ability - 95-100%. If there is no fertilised area, the following components are applied to the tilled bottom: superphosphate 300 g, potassium chloride 100 g or ammonium nitrate phosphate fertiliser 300 g. After placement of a layer of seeds they are covered with humus mixed with soil at the ratio of 1:1, and after levelling of the filled hole they are watered with 20-30 l of water.

EFFECT: method efficiently increases establishment of fruit crop seedlings.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to gardening, and may find application in the laying of gardens.

There is a method in which seedlings are planted in the center of the bottom of the landing pit, previously soaking them in a growth stimulator and enveloping zeolite-containing clay before planting (patent 2294619, published March 10, 2007, IPC A01G 17/00).

The disadvantage of this method is the length of the process (exposure of 5-10 hours in a solution of para-aminobenzoic acid, enveloping in zeolite-containing clay), which reduces the effectiveness of the technical solution.

A technical solution is known in which the cuttings are treated with indolylbutyric acid (IMC) with an exposure of 14 hours, and the seedlings are planted in sand, which is poured into a mixture of sod land and humus with the addition of humus (patent No. 2212783, published September 27, 2003, IPC A01G 1/06, A01G 17/00).

However, with this method, cuttings susceptible to low temperatures do not take root fully, which reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The closest technical solution is the method in which for planting seedlings they prepare pits with a depth of 50-60 cm and the same size in diameter. Organic and mineral fertilizers are mixed into the planting pits mixed with topsoil soil, humus or manure at a dose of 20-25 kg, superphosphate 300-500 g and potassium chloride 100-150 g. Mineral fertilizers and half of the manure are mixed with soil and put to the bottom pits. The rest of the manure mixed with the soil of the arable layer is used when planting seedlings.

After filling half the pit with the prepared mixture, a seedling is set. Then the root system is gradually covered with fertile soil, shaking the seedling so that the soil fills all the voids in the pit. The soil is well compacted with feet around the root system and the loose soil is again poured. After that, 30-40 liters of water per one tree are immediately watered, after which the hole is covered with mulching material (Eremin G.V., Provorchenko A.V. et al. “Catalog of varieties of fruit, berry and ornamental crops”, 2001 p. 51-52).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is the complexity of operations, a sufficiently high number of fertilizers and a low survival rate of seedlings in the winter, which reduces the effectiveness of the known technical solution.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of the method due to higher survival rate of seedlings and cost reduction.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, in contrast to the prototype, for planting seedlings on fertilized and prepared soil, holes are prepared, on the bottom of which 200-300 g of barley with a high germination rate of 95-100% are applied, and in the absence of a fertilized area on a loosened bottom superphosphate 300 g, potassium chloride - 100 g or nitroammophoska 300 g, and after placing the seed layer they are covered with humus mixed with soil in a 1: 1 ratio, and after leveling the filled hole, they are watered with 20-30 l of water.

The method is as follows.

If the soil for planting plowing was well filled with organic and mineral (phosphorus-potassium) fertilizers, then additionally when planting seedlings in the holes, it is not necessary to add them, but you need to add 200-300 g of germinated barley seeds to the bottom of the dug and loosened hole and plant the seedling as in the prototype, that is, to fill a hole to half with a fertile arable layer of earth, then put a sapling on a hill from this land, straighten the roots and again fill with an arable layer of soil. If no fertilizers were applied under the planting plowing, then the planting features will consist in the fact that a 1.5 m long stake is hammered in the center of the loosened bottom of the landing hole, then 300 g of simple superphosphate and 100 g of potassium chloride or 300 g of nitroammophos are scattered on the bottom of this pit . These fertilizers sprinkle 10 kg of humus, and 200-300 g of germinating barley seeds are scattered on its surface. The rationale for the selection of parameters of germinating barley seeds in an amount of 200-300 kg is explained by the amount of heat generated during germination and decomposition, which is necessary for the survival of seedlings and their preservation during the wintering period.

On the surface of the seeds, compost is placed with a layer of up to 10 cm (compost: humus plus arable soil soil 1: 1), after which the seedlings are planted in a known manner: on the tubercle from the compost next to the clogged with a stake flap, put a seedling to the south so that the stake remains on the leeward side . Then they straighten the roots of the seedlings evenly along the tubercles and, shaking them slightly, add compost to the root neck, then compact them with their feet, pour 20-30 liters of water and tie the seedling to the stake with twine.

Doses of fertilizers in the proposed method are justified by the necessary amount of nutrients for the development of the root system and the survival of seedlings.

High-germination grain in the pits and moistened with watering emits a large amount of heat during breathing. Seedlings from a depth of 1-0.5 m cannot appear, and therefore, over time, the grain decomposes, releasing energy. Moreover, the roots of seedlings are in better temperature conditions than without the introduction of barley seeds. Of all the crops, barley releases more energy during germination and is therefore selected as an essential feature. In addition, decomposed grain serves as good nutrition for seedlings, providing plants not only with macro- and microelements, but also with enzymes that stimulate the growth and development of planted trees.

The results are summarized in table.

The influence of germinating grain introduced into the planting hole on the growth and development of apple seedlings (average data for 2007-2010).

Options, experiences % Survival rate Diameter of the stem, mm The growth of the Central conductor, cm Skeletal branches Quantity, pcs. Average length, cm Without grain 85 fourteen fifty 3 35 Barley grain with germination of 50-60% 90 16 one hundred four 70 Barley grain with a germination rate of 95-100% one hundred 19 110 5 73 Wheat grain 95 16 95 four 66 Corn grain 95 fifteen 85 four 60

Therefore, using barley grain with high germination in a mixture with fertilizers, one can achieve 100% survival of seedlings with a higher increase in the diameter of the stem, central conductor and skeletal branches. By reducing the number of fertilizers, the cost of implementing the method is reduced.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the rooting of fruit crops, including planting in prepared wells, into which organic and mineral fertilizers are poured, and after compaction of the soil, watering is carried out, characterized in that 200-300 g of barley with high germination capacity is applied to the bottom of the hole in fertilized and prepared soil - 95 -100%, and in the absence of a fertilized area, superphosphate 300 g, potassium chloride 100 g or nitroammophoska 300 g are added to the loosened bottom, and after placing the seed layer they are covered with humus mixed with soil in a ratio of 1: 1 and after Indent: watered filled wells in an amount of 20-30 liters.