MX2007006196A

MX2007006196A - Concrete structure system and apparatus for pre-casting concrete structures.

Info

Publication number: MX2007006196A
Application number: MX2007006196A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Gale J Stott
Original assignee: Advanced Forming Technologies
Priority date: 2004-10-27
Filing date: 2005-10-27
Publication date: 2007-08-07
Also published as: WO2006047754A9; CA2588112C; AU2005299567B9; AU2005299567B2; AU2005299567A1; WO2006047754A3; EP1805378A4; CR9152A; WO2006047754A2; EP1805378A2; CA2588112A1

Abstract

An apparatus for producing one or more pre-cast concrete structures. The apparatusmay include partitions that may be positioned in a side by side arrangement. Thepartitions may be moveable with respect to each other to facilitate installationof reinforcing material and removal of the concrete structures from the apparatusafter the concrete has hardened. Cavities may be defined by the partitions forreceiving concrete to form structures having panels with integral columns.The columns may include slots for receiving an adjacent panel such that adjacentconcrete structures may be joined together to form a continuous wall. The partitionsmay also include interchangeable liners such that different textures or finishesmay be applied to the concrete structures.

Description

SYSTEM FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND APPARATUS FOR PREFABRICATING CONCRETE STRUCTURES Field d? The Invention The present disclosure generally relates to devices for forming structures, more particularly, but not necessarily and completely, to devices for forming prefabricated concrete structures. The present disclosure also relates generally to structural columns and / or walls, and more particularly, though not necessarily and completely, to prefabricated concrete structures and mechanisms for joining the structures to footings or other supports.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Prefabricated concrete structures have been used in the building construction industry for many years. Prefabricated concrete structures may include steel reinforced panels for use in building fences, walls, sonic barriers and the like. Prefabricated concrete structures can also include columns to support panels or aerial elements. Prefabricated concrete structures of high quality can be formed efficiently as they can build in a factory with specialized equipment, strict quality standards and controlled conditions not subjected to rain, hot or cold temperatures or builder errors. In addition, labor savings can be achieved, since prefabricated structures can be formed more efficiently in a factory than building a mold on site to produce the structures in place. The use of prefabricated concrete structures can also reduce construction delays associated with rain or severe weather since the concrete can not be adequately drained in the year in severe weather. In recent years, the use of prefabricated concrete columns and panels with decorative patterns formed on the exterior surface has increased in popularity. Prefabricated concrete panels can have several different patterns such as rock or brick, for example. Such prefabricated concrete panels can be easier to build than rock or brick walls, in addition, prefabricated concrete panels can be durable and provide advantages since they can reduce cracking when compared to walls formed with natural rock or brick consolidated, and mortar joints are not created with prefabricated concrete panels to allow water to seep into the wall. Several different types of devices are known in the art to form prefabricated concrete structures. Despite the advantages of known devices for forming concrete structures, improvements are still being sought to improve the efficiency of the manufacturing process and the quality of concrete structures. Also, improvements are being sought for concrete structures to facilitate the installation of structures at the construction site. Also, several different types of joining devices and methods are known in the art for joining concrete structures to shoes to support the structures in a vertical position. Despite the advantages of the joining devices and known methods, improvements are still being sought to improve the construction efficiency and the quality of the concrete structures.The prior art in this way is characterized by the various disadvantages which are directed The present description minimizes, and in some aspects eliminates, the aforementioned failures, and other problems, by utilizing the structural methods and features described herein.The characteristics and advantages of the narrative will be set forth in the description that follows. follows, and partly they will become apparent from the description, or they can be learned by practicing the invention without unfounded experimentation. The features and advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly indicated in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The features and advantages of the description will become apparent from a consideration of the subsequent detailed description and presented together with the accompanying drawings in which: FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a structure mode formed in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an apparatus for forming the structures of FIGURE 1 in accordance with the principles of the present description; FIGURE 3 is a top view of the apparatus of FIGURE 2; FIGURE 4 is an exploded top view of adjacent divisions of the apparatus of FIGURE 2; FIGURE 5 is an end view of the apparatus of FIGURE 2; FIGURE 6 is a side view of the apparatus of FIGURE 2; FIGURE 7 is a side view of a division as shown in FIGURES 3 and 4; FIGURE 8 is a cross-sectional view of the division of FIGURE 7 taken along line A-A; FIGURE 9 is a side view of a panel useful with the division of FIGURE 8; FIGURE 10 is a side view of an upper member of the panel of FIGURE 9; FIGURE 11 is a side view of a lower member of the panel of FIGURE 9; FIGURE 12 is a side view of a first side member of the panel of FIGURE 9; FIGURE 13 is a side view of a second side member of the panel of FIGURE 9; FIGURE 14 is an end view of a support in the apparatus of FIGURE 2; FIGURE 15 is a perspective view separated from another embodiment of the structures formed in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 16 is a top view separated from a mode of the structures according to the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 17 is a side cross-sectional view of a structure of FIGURE 16 taken along line A-A; FIGURE 18 is a separate top view of an alternative embodiment of the structures according to the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 19 is a separate top view of a further alternative embodiment of the structure in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 20 is a top view of another structure of the alternative embodiment in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 21 is a top view of a structure of the additional alternative embodiment according to the principles of the present disclosure; FIGURE 22 is a side view of one embodiment of a member embedded in a shoe; FIGURE 23 is a side view of one embodiment of a member attached to a shoe; FIGURE 24 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of a member attached to a shoe; FIGURE 25 is a side view of an embodiment of a structure attached to a shoe; FIGURE 26 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the structure attached to a shoe; FIGURE 27 is a side view of a further alternative embodiment of the structure attached to a shoe DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES For purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles according to the description, reference will now be made to the modalities illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe them. However, it will be understood that no limitation of the scope of the description is intended with this. Any further alterations and modifications of the inventive features illustrated herein, and any additional applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated herein, can usually be presented to someone of relevant skill in the art and having possession of this description, considered within the scope of the description claimed. Before the present system and apparatus for concrete structure and method for forming one or more concrete structures is narrated and described, it will be understood that this description is not limited to the particular configurations, process steps and materials described in the present, since such configurations, process steps and materials may vary in some way. It will also be understood that the terminology used herein is used for the purpose of describing only particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting, as the scope of the present disclosure will only be limited by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. . It should be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "one," "an," and "the," include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Similarly, as used herein, the terms "comprising", "including", "containing", "characterized by", and grammatical equivalents thereof are inclusive or indefinite terms that do not exclude additional, non-narrated elements. or method steps. As used herein, the term "concrete" shall be construed broadly to include conglomerate construction materials, including construction materials formed of aggregates and cementitious materials, as well as any other known material that may be placed in a fluid or form. semifluid and set or solidify, which includes fillers joined together with a bonding agent or resin. As used herein, the phrase "substantially rigid" should be broadly construed to include members that may not be completely rigid, but may have sufficient stiffness to support a structure at the time the structure is used. in the present, the phrase "surface treatment" shall be broadly construed to include any variety of te > or designs or features that can be placed on the bottom of a concrete structure. As used herein, the term "joined" should be broadly construed to include situations in which members are insured or joined, which include situations in which a member is embedded in another member, and situations in which the member is embedded in another member. they use intervention members to join a member to another member in such a way that two members do not need to physically contact each other. Referring now to FIGURE 1, a separate perspective view of a plurality of structures is taught, each structure generally indicated at 10. Each structure 10 may be formed of reinforced concrete, and it may include a panel portion 12 to form a wall such as a fence or sonic barrier, for example. The structure 10 can also be part of a retaining wall, building, or any other construction. The panel portion 12 may include a surface treatment 13 or decorative pattern, such as rock or brick, for example, formed on an exterior surface. The structure 10 may also include a column portion 14 for supporting the panel portion 12. The column portion 14 can have an increased side dimension when compared to the panel portion to allow increased vertical and lateral support of the loads when the loads are transferred to a shoe, floor, or other support member. The column portion 14 may also include a slot 15 for receiving a panel portion 12 of an adjacent structure 10. Accordingly, a plurality of structures 10 can be joined together to form a wall of a desired length and configuration. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure 10 can be supported on shoes 16. The shoes 16 can be formed in any manner known to those skilled in the art, such as reinforced concrete cast in place. A rigid member 17 shown in shaded lines in FIGURE 1, such as a beam "I", post, bar, for example, can be fixed on the shoe 16. It will be understood that some embodiments of the present description may include a rigid member 17 embedded in the shoe 16, or other embodiments may include rigid members 17 attached to the lugs lb by welding, bolting, or any other suitable method known to those skilled in the art. The rigid member 17 can be received in the slot 15 of the column portions 14 to support the structure 10 in a vertical position. Some embodiments may also include placing concrete within the groove 15 of the column portions 14 to provide additional support to the structure 10. Other embodiments of the structure 10 may include plates (not shown) attached to the shoe 16 and portions thereof. 14 of column such that the plates can be joined together to support the structure 10 in a vertical position. It will be understood that the plates can be embedded in the shoes 16 and column portions 14, or that the plates can be attached to the shoes of 16 and the column portions 14 using any other joining method known in the art. In addition, the plates in the shoes 16 and the column portions 14 can be joined by welding, bolting or any other joining mechanism known to those with experience in the technique. Similarly, any other suitable installation technique or device can be used to install the structure 10 within the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood that some embodiments of the structure 10 of the present disclosure may not include the column portions 14. Other embodiments of the structure 10 may not include the slots 15 within the column portions 14. Even other embodiments of the structure 10 may include column portions 14 having openings extending upwardly within the column portions 14, such that the openings may be surrounded by concrete. In addition, the structure 10 can be formed in several different configurations in cross section. Accordingly, it will be understood that the structure 10 may have several different configurations within the scope of the present disclosure and several different attachment mechanisms and methods may be used to install the structure 10. Referring now to FIGURE 2, a view is shown in perspective of one embodiment of an apparatus, generally indicated at 20, to form structures 10 in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The apparatus 20 may include a frame 22 and a base 23 for supporting a plurality of divisions 24. The frame 22 can be formed from an arrangement of columns, beams and / or braces configured to support the divisions 24 and the structures 10 formed by the apparatus 20. The base 23 can form a foundation for the apparatus 20. in such a way that the apparatus 20 can be placed on the ground or any variety of floor surfaces. As best shown in FIGURE 3, which shows a top view of the apparatus 20, the divisions 24 can define one or more cavities 26 to receive concrete to form the structures 10. One embodiment of the divisions 24 can be configured to form a cavity 26 having a first portion 28 configured to form the panel portion 12 of the structure 10, and a second portion 30 configured to form the column portion 14 of the structure 10. The first portion 28 of the cavity 26 may be contiguous with the second portion 30 of the cavity 26, such that the structure 10 can be formed with the panel portion 12 and the column portion 14 integrally joined as a one-piece member. The second portion 30 of the cavity 26 for forming the column portion 14 of the structure 10 can be formed having a wider dimension than the first portion 28 of the cavity 26 to form the panel portion 12 of the structure 10. Therefore, a portion can be formed 14 column of the structure 10 to support increased loads transferred from the panel portion 12 to the shoe 16 or other support member. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the divisions 24 can be arranged so that the second divisions 30 of the cavities 26 form the column portion 14 of the structures 10 so that they can be disposed at opposite ends of the apparatus 10 on adjacent partitions 24. For example, the apparatus can be configured to form six structures 10 at a time, and three of the column portions 14 of the structures 10 can be formed at one end of the apparatus 20, and the other three column portions 14 can be formed at the end opposite of the apparatus 20, with each adjacent structure 10 being formed with the column portions 14 at opposite ends of the apparatus 20. It will be understood, however, that the apparatus 20 can be configured to form several different amounts of structures 10 at a time, and that the divisions 24 can be configured in several different arrangements. One or more projections 31 can be placed in the second portion 30 of the cavity 26 to form the groove 15 in column portion 14 of the structure. The projections 31 can be sized and formed corresponding to the desired size and shape of the slot 15 in the column portion 14 of the structure. The projections 31 can be placed in any desired location in such a way that concrete structures 10 can be formed as desired. For example, the projection 31 can be positioned to form the slot 15 at the end of the concrete structures 10, so that the panel portion 12 of a concrete structure 10 can be received in the slot 15 of an adjacent concrete structure 10 for form a substantially straight barrier. Also, the projection 31 can be placed on one side of the end of the partition 24 so that the slot 15 can extend substantially perpendicular to the panel portion 12 to allow the adjacent concrete structures 10 to form a corner. It will be understood that the projections 31 may be placed at any desired angle or location within the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, some embodiments of the apparatus 20 may include one or more projections 31 placed in other portions of the cavity 26 to form slots in the panel portion 12 of the structure 10, or to form openings in the interior of the column portion 14. One embodiment of the present disclosure may include projections 31 that can be removably attached using bolts, indicated by the lines shaded at 29, such that the projections 31 can be removed and repositioned when desired. It will be understood that other embodiments of the present disclosure may include other types of attachment mechanisms for the projections 31, and some embodiments of the present disclosure may include projections that may be fixed in place. Other embodiments may not include any of the projections so that the structures can be formed without the slots 15. The partitions 24 can be placed in a side-by-side arrangement and at least part of the partitions 24 can be configured to move relative to the frame 22 to facilitate the placement of reinforcing steel in the cavity 26 as well as to facilitate the removal of the structure 10 after the concrete has set. FIGURE 4 shows an exploded top view of the adjacent divisions 24. It will be appreciated that the partitions 24 can be separated so that the reinforcing steel can be placed between the partitions 24. The partitions 24 can be joined so that the end panels 46 in the adjacent partitions 24 come into contact with each other. Therefore, the pocket 26 can defined in this way by the divisions to receive the concrete to form the structure 10. Once the concrete has set, the partitions 24 can be separated to remove the structure 10. One embodiment of the apparatus 20 may include wheels 32 to support the divisions 24 in the frame 22 and to allow the divisions 24 to move easily . In one embodiment of the apparatus 20, the frame 22 may include a support 34 for receiving the wheels 32. The support 34 may extend laterally to provide a space to allow the divisions 24 to separate from each other. A hanging portion 36 of the support 34 can be separated so that the width of the apparatus 20 can be reduced to facilitate transportation of the apparatus 20. What type of connecting mechanism known in the art, such as bolts, pins or staples, for example, can used to join the hanging portion 36 to the rest of the support 34. Accordingly, the apparatus can be sized to fit in a trailer, rail car or other transport device that will be transported on rails or roads. It will be understood that other embodiments of the apparatus 20 may include a one-piece holder 34 that may not be configured to be separated or otherwise retracted into a compact configuration. One embodiment of the support 34 may include guides 38 to help keep the wheels 32 in position. An end view of the support 34 showing a mode of the guides 38 is shown in FIGURE 14. The guides 38 can form ridges to guide the wheels 32 along a specific path in the support 34. It will be understood that the guides 38 can be formed in any suitable configuration and manner, and that some embodiments of the present description may not include guides. The wheels 32 can be attached to the divisions 24 through the arms 40. The adjacent arms 40 can have different lengths, such as a short arm 42 and a long arm 44 such that the partitions 24 can be configured to interconnect with each other without interference of the wheels 32. the arms 40 having different lengths allow the wheels 32 to extend to different places along the support 34 without coming into contact with each other to allow the divisions 24 to be placed in a splice arrangement One embodiment of the apparatus 20 may include one or more divisions 24 that may be fixed in place. For example, an extreme partition 25 on an external side of the apparatus 20 may be attached to the frame 22 to be stationary. Other embodiments of the apparatus 20 may include divisions 24 so that all may be movable. With reference to FIGURE 5, an end view of the apparatus 20 is shown. The apparatus 20 can -include an end wall or door 48 for enclosing one end of the partitions 24. It will be understood that a door 48 can be placed at opposite ends of the apparatus. 20. Alternatively, it will be understood that door 48 can placed on only one end of the apparatus 20. The door 48 may be supported on the wheel 50 of the door on opposite sides so that the door 48 may be able to move in a longitudinal direction away from the partitions 24 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the divisions 24. As shown more clearly in FIGURE 6, which shows a side view of the apparatus 20. The wheel 50 of the door can be supported on door supports 52 positioned on opposite sides of the door. apparatus 20 for providing a support surface for the wheels 50 of the door to roll. Accordingly, one embodiment of the present disclosure can provide a door 48 which can move in a translatory manner during at least part of its movement path. In other words, each point on the door 48 can be moved parallel to and in the same direction as every third point on the door 48. Similarly, it will be understood that one or more of the divisions 24 can be configured to move in a translation mode. , and the direction of movement of the divisions 24 may be substantially perpendicular to the movement of the door 48. A hinge 53 may also be provided for the door 48 such that when the door 48 moves a distance away from the divisions 24 in alignment with the hinge 53, the hinge 53 can be engaged to allow the door 48 to open. One embodiment of the hinge 53 may include a receiver on the door 48 and the frame 22 for receiving a pin, such that when the door 48 moves to the point where the receivers are in alignment, a pin may be placed on the receivers. for joining the door 48 to the frame 22 through the hinge 53, so that the door 48 can be opened with respect to the frame 22. It will be understood that other embodiments of the door 48 can be joined by a hinge so that the door can be configured to opening without rolling at a distance away from the divisions 24. Still another embodiment of the apparatus 20 may be provided without a bi-sac. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, allowing the door 48 to move away from the partitions 24 before opening can allow the projections 31 to clear the grooves 15 in the column portions 14 of the structures 10. Otherwise, the movement The opening of the door 48 can be prevented by the contact between the projections 31 and the grooves 15 to make it difficult to open the door 48 in some arrangements of the projections 31. Referring now to FIGURE 7, a side view of the door 48 is shown. a division 24. A view in court The cross section of the division 24 taken along the line A-A is shown in FIGURE 8. It will be understood that the division 24 can be sized to form a structure 10 and the division 24 can include one or more brace members 54. The spacer members 54 can be sized and positioned to provide resistance to division 24 since the forces exerted by the concrete in the apparatus 20 can be important. It will be understood that some of the spacer members 54 may be placed in a vertical orientation, and that other embodiments of spacer member 54 may be placed in a lateral or diagonal orientation. A panel 56, as best shown in FIGURE 9, may be placed on an exterior surface of the partition 24. The panel 56 may include any desired shape or characteristics to be applied to the concrete structures 10. One embodiment of the panel 56 may include a plate or liner 58 for placing a surface treatment 13 on the concrete structure 10. The surface treatment can include any variety of textures or designs, such as rock or brick designs, for example. Other embodiments of the liner 58 may be substantially smooth, without any particular design. In addition, some embodiments of the liner 58 may include a continuous pattern or texture configured to extend over the entire panel 56, while others embodiments of liner 58 may have multiple patterns or may be configured to cover only a portion of panel 56. One embodiment of panel 56 may include a top member 60, a bottom member 62, a first side member 64 and a second side member 66 to form a frame or housing 70 around the liner 58 to hold the liner 58 in place. One embodiment of the upper member 60, lower member 62, first side member 64 and second side member 66 may be formed of steel sheet 4.76 mm (3/16 inch) thick, for example. However, it will be understood that several different materials having different dimensions can be used within the scope of the present disclosure to form the upper member 60, lower member 62, first side member 64 and second side member 66. As shown more clearly in FIGS. 10-13, which represent side views of the upper member 60, lower member 62, first lateral member 64 and second lateral member 66, respectively, the housing 70 can be formed by an upper edge 72 in the upper member 60, a lower edge 74 in the lower member 62, a first lateral edge 76 in the first lateral member 64, a second lateral edge 78 in the second member 66 side. It will be understood that a modality of the upper edge 72, lower edge 74, first side edge 76 and second side edge 78 can be formed of a triangular shaped member. However, it will be understood that the housing 70 may be formed of several differently shaped members configured to receive the liner 58. It will also be understood that some embodiments of the panel 56 may include a back wall behind the liner 58. In addition, any variety of seals, adhesives, or bonding mechanisms may be used to maintain the liner 58 within the housing 70 and to allow the liner 58 to be removed and interchanged with other liners to provide different surface treatments to the structures 10 to be formed. It is also appreciated that other embodiments of the panel 56 can be formed without the upper member 60, lower member 62, first side member 64 and second side member 66, such that the panel 56 can be formed in different configurations without a surrounding frame or frame. the liner 58. In use, the panels 56 can be selected having a desired surface treatment to be placed on the structures 10. The doors 48 can be opened and the partitions 24 can be moved to provide access to the partitions 24. The panels 56 can be joined with the divisions 24 and steel reinforcement can be placed in the apparatus for a particular structure, if injured. Adjacent divisions 24 can move spliced together and the reinforcing material can be placed in a subsequent cavity 26. Once all of the reinforcement material is placed in the apparatus and the divisions 24 are joined, the partitions 24 can be held in place using fasteners 68, as best shown in FIGURE 7 One embodiment of the fasteners 68 may include pins that tcan be received at base 23 to keep divisions 24 in place. It will also be understood that the fasteners 68 may include any other variety of fastening mechanisms known in the art, including threaded rods having adjustable locking members attached thereto. The rods can be pivotally joined to the base 23 or the divisions 24 and the locking members can be coupled with the other of the base 23 or the divisions 24 to tightly lock the movement of the partitions 24. In addition, it will be understood that the fasteners 69 Further, as shown in the shaded lines in FIGURES 3 and 5, may be used to hold the divisions 24 in place, the additional fasteners 69 may include bolts that extend through the outer partition 24 at opposite ends of the apparatus 20. It will be understood that the location, configuration and number of fasteners 69 may vary within the scope of the invention. present description. In addition, it will be understood that any other type of bolt, lock, clip, jaw or fastener known in the art can be used to keep the divisions 24 in place within the scope of the present disclosure. The wet concrete can then be emptied into the upper part of the apparatus 20 from above to thereby fill the cavities 26. Once the concrete has been properly set, the partitions 24 can be separated and the structures 10 can be removed. It will be understood that any lifting mechanism, such as cranes or elevators, can be used to remove the structures of the apparatus 20. Furthermore, in some uses of the apparatus 20, it may be beneficial to apply a suitable anti-adhesion agent to the apparatus 20 before placing the concrete in the apparatus 20 to facilitate the removal of the structure 10 from the apparatus 20. Once the structures of the apparatus 20 are removed, the apparatus can be cleaned and used repeatedly to produce additional structures in a controlled environment for transportation to a site. of construction for installation. The apparatus 20 can also be placed in any location as desired to facilitate the construction or transportation of the structures 10. It will be understood that some embodiments of the present disclosure may include an apparatus that it can be configured to form a plurality of structures that do not include the column portions, so that a plurality of panels can be formed. Other embodiments of the present disclosure may include an apparatus that forms structures in the form of columns. Accordingly, any variety of structures having different arrangements of columns and / or panels, may be formed in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. In addition, other structures of various different configurations may be formed that are not considered to be panels or columns, in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. It will be appreciated that the apparatus 20 can be configured to receive concrete of different varieties known in the art. In addition, the apparatus 20 can accommodate reinforcement material or steel, commonly referred to as reinforcing bars, to construct structures 10 of various different designs and configurations. The arrangement of the cavity 26 may allow the reinforcing steel to be placed continuously in the first portion 28 of the cavity 26 to form the panel portion 12 of the structure 10 and the second portion 30 of the cavity to form the portion 14. of column of the structure 10, such that the panel portion 12 and the column portion 14 of the structure 10 can be joined with the reinforcing steel.

It will also be understood that the apparatus 20 can also elute any variety of vibration mechanisms integrally or removably attached to the apparatus 20 in various different configurations to facilitate the dispersion of wet concrete within the cavities 26. It will be understood that the apparatus 20 can be formed from any of the suitable materials known in the art. For example, portions of the apparatus 20 may be formed of steel, and components of the apparatus 20 may be joined together using any suitable method known in the art, such as by welding or bolting, for example. The liner 58 can be formed of any suitable material to put a texture or design on the concrete without joining the concrete in such a way that the structures 10 can be removed from the apparatus 20 without damage. According to the features and combinations described in the above, a useful method for forming concrete structures can include the steps of: (a) placing a plurality of divisions in a side-by-side arrangement; (b) defining a plurality of cavities with the plurality of divisions, the plurality of cavities each having a column portion and a panel portion such that the concrete structures include a column and panel in one piece. The method may also include selecting liners having a desired surface treatment to be placed on the structures and removably joining the liners to the divisions. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will appreciate the advantages provided by the features of the present disclosure. For example, it is a feature of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for forming one or more concrete structures which are simple in design and production. Another feature of the present disclosure is to provide such an apparatus capable of forming concrete structures having walls with integral columns. It is a further feature of the present disclosure, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide an apparatus for forming one or more concrete structures in which the apparatus may include interchangeable liners for placing different surface treatments, textures or finishes on structures . It is an additional feature of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for forming one or more concrete structures in which the structures can be produced and installed efficiently. It is an additional feature of the present disclosure to provide an apparatus for forming prefabricated concrete structures in which the structures can be formed in a factory setting with controlled conditions for improved quality of the structures. Referring now to FIGURE 15, a separate perspective view of a plurality of structures is shown, each structure generally indicated at 110. One embodiment of each structure 110 may be formed of reinforced concrete, and may include a panel portion 112, for form a wall, such as a fence or sonic barrier, for example. The structure 110 can also be part of a retaining wall, building, or any other construction. The panel portion 112 may include a surface treatment 113 or decorative design, such as rock or brick, for example, formed on an exterior surface. The structure 110 may also include a column portion 114 to support the panel portion 112. The column portion 114 may have an increased side dimension when compared to the panel portion to allow increased vertical and lateral support of the loads when the loads are transferred to a shoe, floor, or other support member. The column portion 114 may also include a slot 115 for receiving a panel portion 112 of an adjacent structure 110. Accordingly, a plurality of structures 110 to form a wall of a desired length and configuration. It will also be understood that one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a column portion 114 that does not include a panel portion 112. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure 110 may be supported on shoes 116, some also referred to herein as supports. The shoes 116 can be formed in any manner known to those skilled in the art, such as reinforced concrete cast in place. A rigid member 117 shown in shaded lines in FIGURE 15, such as a substantially rigid member that includes an "I" beam, pole, tube, bar, or reinforced concrete member, for example, may be attached to the shoe 116. As is discussed more fully in the following, it will be understood that some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a rigid member 117 embedded in the shoe 116, or other embodiments may include rigid members 117 attached to the shoes 116 by welding, bolting, or any other suitable method known to those with skill in the art. The rigid member 117 can be received in an opening 120 connected to the groove 115 of the column portions 114 to support the structure 110 in a vertical position. Therefore, it will be understood that a moaality of the present disclosure may include an opening 120 which may be contiguous with the groove 115, such that there may be no structural separation between the opening 120 and the groove 115. Some embodiments may also include placing concrete within the opening. 120 of the column portions 114 to provide additional support to the structure 110 once the concrete sets. It will be understood that some embodiments of the rigid member 117 may make it possible to construct the structure 110 without the need to form a reinforcement cage on the site to receive the cast concrete at the site to support the structures 1110. Accordingly, the requirements of labor to install the structures can be reduced. A separate top view of one embodiment of the adjacent structures 110 is shown in FIGURE 16. It will be understood that the structures 110 may be formed of prefabricated concrete. The structures 110 may also include reinforcing steel 118, as shown in the shaded lines in FIGS. 16 and 17. It will be understood that the configuration of the reinforcing steel 118 as well as the concrete formulation may be provided in any suitable manner known to those skilled in the art. with experience in the art to provide adequate strength and durability characteristics for structures 110. Also it will be understood that some embodiments of the structure may not include reinforcing steel 118. The panel portion 112 and the column portion 114 can be formed in any manner known to those skilled in the art, such as by placing the concrete in molds in a factory condition to produce the structures 110 under controlled conditions. One embodiment of the structure 110 may include the column portion 114 and the panel portion 112 as an integral one-piece member of joint construction without joints. Other embodiments of the present description can be emptied in place at a construction site. Reference will now be made to FIGURE 18 to describe an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure. As discussed previously, the currently described embodiments of the description illustrated herein are only exemplary of the possible embodiments of the description and include those illustrated in FIGURE 18. It will be appreciated that the alternative embodiment of the description illustrated in FIGURE 18 may contain many of the same characteristics represented in the FTGURAS 15-17 and only new or different characteristics will be explained to describe clearly and concisely the modalities of the description illustrated in FIGURE 18.

FIGURE 18 illustrates a separate top view of an alternative structure 110a having an opening 120a for receiving a rigid member 117 to support the structure 110a in a vertical position. The opening 120a can be separated from the slot 115a so that the rigid board 117 can be separated from the panel portion 112a of an adjacent structure 110a. It will be understood that the size, shape and position of the opening 120a may vary in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. A separate top view of a structure 110b of the alternative alternative embodiment is shown in FIGURE 19. The structure 110b of the alternative embodiment may be formed with a panel portion 112b and a column portion 114b. The column portion 114b may also include an opening 120b. However, the alternative mode of FIGURE 19 may not include a slot. Accordingly, any of the adjacent structures 110b, if present, can be joined without being received within the column portion 114b. Similarly, as shown in FIGURE 20, which shows a top view of another structure 110c of the additional alternative embodiment, the column portion 114c may be formed without a panel portion or a slot. The structure 110c may include an opening 120c for receiving a rigid member 117 to support the structure 110c in a vertical position. It will also be understood that a structure llOd of the additional alternative embodiment can be provided without a panel portion and having a plurality of slots 115d, as shown in FIGURE 21. Accordingly, the panel portions can be provided from the structure 11Od, and the panel portions can be attached to the structure 111d through the slot 115d. It will be understood that the amount, configuration and position of the slot 115d may vary as desired in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. For example, it will be understood that slot 115d may be formed on adjacent sides of structure 11Od, as represented by the shaded lines in FIGURE 21, such that structure llOd may form a corner of a barrier with portions of panel that they extend perpendicular to each other. Referring now to FIGURE 22, a side view of one embodiment of a shoe 116 and a rigid member 117 is shown. It will be understood that the rigid member 117 may be formed as an "I" shaped member in cross section. Alternatively, it will be understood that the rigid protrusion 117 may be formed of a round tube member, or a polygon pole member, or any other form of member known to those with experience in the art. technique. In addition, member 117 may have any suitable size within the scope of the present disclosure. The member 117 may be formed of acoro or any other suitable material known to those skilled in the art to provide a member 117 that may be substantially rigid. It will be understood that one embodiment of the member 117 can be formed of a material that can be substantially rigid at the time the structure 110 is installed in the shoe 116. Consequently, the assembly of the structures 110 can occur quickly without waiting for the concrete inside. of the openings 120 is set, as is the case if the member 117 will be formed of cast concrete within the opening 120. The shoe 116 may be formed of a concrete material, cast in place or prefabricated in a manner known to those skilled in the art. with experience in the technique. In addition, the shoe 116 can be sized and include reinforcing steel as is known in the art. As shown in FIGURE 22, the rigid member 117 can be attached to the shoe 116 when it is embedded within the shoe 116. It will be understood that the member 117 can be placed in the wet concrete that forms the shoe 116 so that the concrete can be bonded with member 117 to form a substantially free connection.

It will be understood that the member 117 may be embedded in the shoe 116 at various different depths depending on various factors, such as the height of the structure 110, the spacing of the column portions 114, and the type of floor supporting the shoe 116. , for example. An example of the present disclosure may include a rigid member 117 that may be embedded approximately 1.52 meters (5 feet) in the shoe 116 and the rigid member 117 may extend another 1.21 meters (4 feet) from the shoe 116 to support a structure 110. which can be 2.43 meters high (8 feet). The shoe 116 may be formed approximately at 0.63-0.91 meters (2-3 feet) in diameter, for example. Accordingly, it will be understood that the description presented in FIGURE 22 is schematic in nature and is not intended to be scaled. In addition, it will be understood that the features of the present disclosure may vary, including the dimensions of the rigid member 117, the structure 110, and the shoe 116, as well as the depth, the rigid member 117 may be recessed in the shoe 116. Alternatively, It will be understood that the shoe 116 can be formed with an opening in which the member 117 can be received when the shoe is in a set condition. The member 117 thereafter can be fixed within the shoe 116 in any manner known per se. those with skill in the art, or member 117 can stay in the shoe due to gravity and / or friction. With reference to FIGURE 23, a side view of an alternative embodiment for attaching the member 117 to the shoe 116 is shown. A plurality of fasteners 112 can be integrated in the shoe 116 to attach a brace member 124 to the member. 117 rigid. The fasteners 122 may include bolts or steel bars having a threaded end for receiving a nut 126. It will be understood that any number of fasteners 112 can be used to create an adequate connection between the shoe 116 and the rigid member 117. The spacer 124 may be formed as an angled member or flat member attached to the rigid member 117 in any suitable manner known in the art. For example, the spacer member 124 can be welded or bolted to the rigid member 117 so that the spacer member 124 can be fixedly attached to the rigid member 117. The brace member 124 may have openings for receiving the fasteners 122 therethrough.

Once the fasteners 122 are received through the spacer member 124, the nuts 126 can be tightened to securely attach the rigid member 117 to the shoe 116. Referring to FIGURE 24 a side view of another alternative embodiment for unrr is shown. he member 117 to shoe 116. A first plate 127 may be attached to member 117, such as by welding. A second plate 128 may be joined to the shoe 116 such as when recessed in the shoe 116. It will be understood that the second plate 128 may be embedded in the shoe 116 to project onto an upper surface of the shoe 116, or alternatively, the second plate 118. can be matched with the upper surface of the shoe 116, or the second plate can be placed under the upper surface of the shoe 116. The first plate 127 can be welded to the second plate 128 to thereby connect the member 117 with the shoe 116 Referring now to FIGURE 25, a side view of a further embodiment of a connection between a column portion 114e and a shoe 116 is shown. The column portion 114e may include a slot 115e for receiving a portion of a panel. adjacent structure 110 similar to the modalities previously discussed. The column portion 114e may also include reinforcing steel 118e, shown in shaded lines, such as the reinforcing bar. An angled member 129 can be attached to the column portion 114e to help support the column portion in a vertical position. The angled member 129 can be welded to the reinforcing steel 118e, and / or the angled member 129 can embedded in the column portion 114e, or the angled member 129 may be joined with the column portion 114e in any other manner known to those skilled in the art. The angled member 129 may extend around a lower corner of the groove 115e to provide a surface for joining a plate 131 attached to the shoe 116. The plate 131 may be embedded in the shoe 116, or joined with the shoe 116 in any other way by those with experience in the art. It will be understood that the angled member 129 can be welded to the plate 131 to support the column portion 114e in a vertical orientation. Referring now to FIGURE 26, a side view of a further embodiment of a connection between a column 130 and a shoe 116 is shown. It will be understood that the column 130 can be part of or be the entire structure 110 or the column 130 can to be representative of a rigid member for supporting a structure 110 in a vertical position. A first plate 132 can be attached to the column 130 and a second plate 134 can be attached to the shoe 116. The first plate 132 can then be joined to the second plate 134 by welding, bolting or any other suitable joining mechanism known to those with experience in the technique. It will be understood that the first plate 132 can join with the column 130 using anchors 136 embedded in the column 130 or the first plate 132 can be recessed by itself in the column 130, or the first plate 132 can be joined with the column 130 in any other suitable manner known to those with experience in the technique. Similarly, the second plate 134 may be joined to the shoe 116 using anchor 136, or the second plate 134 may be joined to the shoe 116 using any other joining method known to those skilled in the art. With reference to FIGURE 27, a connection mechanism of the additional alternative embodiment is described in which the first plate 132 can be attached to the shoe 116 using fasteners 122. The fasteners 122 can be integrated into the shoe 116 similarly to the embodiment of the FIGURE 23 discussed previously. The first plate 132 may include openings for receiving the fasteners 122 and the nuts 126 may be threaded onto the fasteners to attach the column 130 to the shoe 116. One embodiment of the construction of a concrete system in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure now it will be described. The structure 110 can be built on site or prefabricated in a factory setting under controlled conditions. The structure 110 can be formed to include a treatment desired surface such as a brick or rock wall, for example. The shoe or support 116 can typically be formed in place at the construction site. The member 117 can be attached or recessed in the shoe 116 in a desired orientation to ensure that the structure can be oriented as desired. The structure 110 can then be raised so that the member 117 can be received in the opening 120. Typically, this can take place when the structure 110 is unloaded from a vehicle carrying the structure 110. A crane or other lifting device can be used to lift the structure 110 and lower the structure 110 on the member 117 in the shoe 116. Welding, bolting, and / or placing concrete in the opening 120 can be used, for example, to fix the structure 110 in the shoe 116. A structure 110 adjacent can be installed in a similar manner with the panel portion 112 received in the slot 115. Accordingly, a system, column, panel and concrete support can be easily constructed to provide an aesthetically attractive barrier. It will also be understood that an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure may include two or more of the structures 110 stacked one on top of the other. A rigid member 117 can extend beyond the entire height of the lower structure 110 through a portion of or the entire height of a top structure 110. For example, one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a rigid member 117 extending from the shoe 116 to half the height of a superior strut 110. Accordingly, upstandingly stacked structures 110 can be supported at various heights and configurations. It will be understood that the structures described herein may be formed of a variety of materials, including concrete and / or fillers, such as glass fiber, crushed glass or any other suitable material, which may be bonded or solidified in a set material. with a cement or bonding agent, such as resin. Similarly, the apparatus for forming structures as described herein can be configured to be compatible with various construction materials. It will be appreciated that the structure and aoarate described herein is only one example of a means for attaching a concrete structure to a support, and it should be appreciated that any structure, apparatus or system for joining a concrete structure to a support that realizes functions equal to, or equivalent to those described in the present, are intended to fall within the scope of a means to join a concrete structure to a support, which includes those structures, appliances, or systems to join that are currently known, or that may be available in the future. Anything that works the same as, or equivalent to, a means of attaching a concrete structure to a support falls within the scope of this element. According to the features and combinations described in the foregoing, a useful method for attaching a structure to a support includes the steps of: joining a substantially rigid member to a support providing an opening in the stiffness to receive the substantially rigid member; and placing the substantially rigid member in the aperture Those of ordinary skill in the relevant art will appreciate the advantages provided by the features of the present description. For example, it is a feature of the present disclosure to provide a structural system that is simple in design and production. Another feature of the present disclosure is to provide a structural system that is easy to install. It is an additional feature of the present disclosure, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide a structural system that is stable and that has an aesthetically appealing appearance. It is a further feature of the present disclosure, in accordance with one aspect thereof, to provide a structural system that can include a column portion integrally with a panel portion of the structure. Another feature of one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a structure that can be supported in a vertical orientation by a substantially rigid member. In the above detailed description, several features of the present description are grouped into a single modality for the purpose of expediting the description. This method of description shall not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed description requires more features than are expressly narrated in each claim. In fact, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in less than all the characteristics of a single modality described in the foregoing. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated in this detailed description by this reference, with each claim finding itself as a separate embodiment of the present disclosure. It will be understood that the provisions described above are only illustrative of the application of the principles of the present description. Numerous modifications and alternative arrangements may be visualized by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims are intended to cover such modifications and provisions. In this way, while the present description has been shown in the drawings and described in the foregoing with particularity and detail, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous modifications including, but not limited to, variations in size, materials, conformation, Form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, can be done without departing from the principles and concepts established herein.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and therefore the property described in the following claims is claimed. CLAIMS 1. An apparatus for forming a plurality of concrete structures, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of divisions that can be placed in a side-by-side arrangement to form a plurality of cavities, each of the cavities defining a first portion for receiving concrete to form a panel portion of one of the structures, and a second wider portion for receiving concrete to form a column portion of one of the structures. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a frame to support the plurality of divisions. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus comprises an end wall that can be joined to one end of the plurality of divisions. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the end wall is You can move with respect to divisions. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the divisions can be moved in a first direction, and the end wall can be moved in a second direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the first direction 6. The apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises at least one projection to be placed in at least one of the second portions to form a groove in the portion of the structure. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to the concrete structures. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the liner can be removably attached to at least one of the plurality of divisions such that the liner can be exchanged to form structures having different surface treatments. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first portion of the cavity and the second portion of the cavity are contiguous so that the panel portion and the portion of column are configured to be formed as one piece. 10. The compliance apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions is supported by wheels to facilitate the movement of at least one of the divisions. 11. The compliance device according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a hanging portion to support the divisions when the divisions are separated. 12. An apparatus for forming a plurality of concrete structures, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of divisions that can be placed to form a plurality of cavities, each of the cavities defining a first portion for receiving concrete to form a portion of the structure panel, and a second portion for receiving concrete for form, a column portion of the structure; and a plurality of projections, wherein a plurality of projections may be placed in each of the second portions to define a slot in the column portion of the structure. 13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the second po-tion The cavity to form a column portion is wider than the first cavity portion to form the panel portion. 14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the plurality of projections can be attached removably so that the cavity can be configured to form the column portion of the structure with the slot in different locations. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the apparatus comprises an end wall that can be joined to one end of the plurality of divisions. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the plurality of projections is placed with bolts on the external wall. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises a frame for supporting the plurality of divisions, wherein at least one of the plurality of divisions can be moved with respect to the frame. 18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that it further comprises an end wall, wherein the end wall can be moved with respect to the frame in a substantial direction. perpendicular to a direction of movement of at least one division. The compliance apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to one of the concrete structures. The iparato of conformity cor. Claim 19, characterized in that the liner can be removably attached to at least one of the plurality of divisions so that the liner can be interchanged to form structures having different surface treatments. 21. An apparatus for forming a plurality of concrete structures, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of divisions, each of the plurality of divisions having one side and one end, the plurality of divisions can be placed in a side arrangement side to form a plurality of cavities therebetween to receive concrete to form the structures; an end wall can be attached to the end of the plurality of divisions, the end wall can be moved in a direction away from the divisions. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the divisions can be moved in a first direction, and the end wall can be moved in a second direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the first direction. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the end wall can be moved in a translation form. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that it also comprises wheels to support the end wall and facilitate the movement of the end wall. The device according to claim 24, characterized in that it also comprises supports on opposite sides of the apparatus for supporting the wheels. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the plurality of cavities each define a first portion for receiving concrete to form a panel portion of one of the structures, and a second wider portion for receiving concrete to form a portion. of column of one of the structures. 27. The apparatus according to claim 26, characterized in that it also comprises at least one projection to be placed in at least one of the second portions to form a groove in the column portion of the structure. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to one of the concrete structures. 29. The apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that the liner can be removably attached to at least one of the plurality of divisions so that the liner can be exchanged to form structures having different surface treatments. 30. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that it further comprises a frame for supporting the plurality of divisions, wherein the plurality of divisions can be moved with respect to the frame. 31. An apparatus for forming a plurality of concrete structures, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of divisions that can be placed to form a plurality of cavities to receive concrete to form the structures; wherein at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to the concrete structures; wherein the liner can be joined in a removable manner to at least one of the plurality of divisions so that the liner can be interchanged to form structures having different surface treatments. 32. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the plurality of divisions each comprises at least one brace member to provide resistance to the plurality of divisions. 33. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the plurality of divisions each comprises a panel having an upper member, a lower member, a first lateral member and a second lateral member, and wherein the liner can be removably attached to the panel. 34. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the plurality of divisions each comprises external panels at opposite ends of the divisions. 35. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that the plurality of The divisions form a plurality of cavities, each of the cavities defining a first portion for receiving concrete to form a panel portion of one of the structures, and a second larger portion for receiving concrete to form a column portion of one of the structures. structures. The apparatus according to claim 35, characterized in that it also comprises at least one projection to be placed in at least one of the second portions to form a groove in the column portion of the structure. 37. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that it further comprises an end wall that can be joined to one end of the plurality of divisions. 38. The apparatus according to claim 37, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions can be moved in a first direction, and the end wall can be moved in a second direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the first direction. . The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions is supported by wheels to facilitate the movement of at least one of the divisions. 40. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that it further comprises means for releasably holding the plurality of divisions in one position. 41. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that it further comprises a frame and a base for supporting the plurality of divisions. 42. An apparatus for forming a plurality of concrete structures, the apparatus characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of divisions that can be placed to form a plurality of cavities to receive concrete to form the plurality of structures; an end wall that can be joined to one end of the plurality of divisions; and at least one protrusion which can be unrotated in one of the plurality of divisions and the end wall to form a groove in the concrete structures. 43. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the plurality of divisions can be placed in a side-by-side arrangement to form the plurality of cavities, each of the cavities define a first portion for receiving concrete to form a panel portion of one of the structures and a second wider portion for receiving concrete to form a column portion of one of the structures. 44. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that at least one projection is placed with bolts on the end wall. 45. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the apparatus comprises the frame to support the plurality of divisions. 46. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the end wall can be moved with respect to the divisions. 47. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the divisions can be moved in a first direction, and the end wall can be moved in a second direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the first direction. 48. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to the concrete structures. 49 The apparatus in accordance with claim 48, characterized in that the liner can be removably attached to at least one of the plurality of divisions so that the liner can be interchanged to form structures having different surface treatments. 50. The apparatus according to claim 42, characterized in that the plurality of divisions can be placed in a side-by-side arrangement to form the plurality of cavities, each of the cavities defining a first portion for receiving concrete to form a portion. of one of the structures, and a second, wider portion for reusing concrete to form a column portion of one of the structures, wherein the first portion of the cavity and the second portion of the cavity are contiguous to one another. so that the panel portion and the column portion are configured to be formed as one piece; wherein at least one projection is placed with bolts on the end wall; wherein the apparatus comprises a base and a frame for supporting the plurality of divisions; wherein the end wall can move in a translatory manner with respect to the divisions; where the divisions can be moved in a first direction and the end wall can be moved in a second direction substantially perpendicular with respect to the first direction; wherein at least one of the plurality of divisions comprises a liner for applying a surface treatment to the concrete structures; wherein the liner can be joined in a removable manner to at least one of the plurality of divisions so that the liner can be interchanged to form structures having different surface treatments, wherein at least one of the plurality of divisions is supported by wheels to facilitate the movement of at least one of the divisions; wherein the apparatus comprises a hanging portion to support the divisions when the divisions are separated. 51. A system characterized in that it comprises: at least one concrete structure comprising a column portion and a panel portion, the column portion having an opening; a support for receiving at least one concrete structure thereon; a substantially rigid member embedded in and attached to the support and which can be received in the opening in the column portion to provide lat. for at least one structure. 52. The system according to claim 51, characterized in that the column portion further comprises a slot for receiving a panel portion of an adjacent structure. 53. The system according to claim 52, characterized in that the slot and the opening are contiguous. 54. The system according to claim 53, characterized in that the slot and the opening are separated. 55. The system according to claim 51, characterized in that the column portion and the panel portion are integral in such a way that the concrete structure is a one-piece member 56. The system according to claim 52, characterized in that the substantially rigid member is an "I" beam. 57. The system according to claim 51, characterized in that it also comprises a brace for joining the substantially rigid member to the support. 58. The system according to claim 57, characterized in that it also comprises fasteners embedded in the bracket to join the brace. 59. The system according to claim 51, characterized in that the column portion comprises an increased lateral dimension as compared to the panel portion. 60. A system characterized in that it comprises at least one concrete structure comprising a column portion and a panel portion integrally joined with the column portion, the column section comprising a slot for receiving a panel portion of a column. adjacent structure, the column portion further comprises an opening for receiving a substantially rigid member to support the concrete structure in a vertical position. 61. The system according to claim 60, characterized in that it also comprises a support for receiving the concrete structure on it. 6: The system according to claim 61, characterized in that it comprises the substantially rigid member attached to the support. 63. The system according to claim 60, characterized in that the groove and the opening are contiguous. 64. The system according to claim 60, characterized in that the slot and the opening are separated. 65. The system according to claim 60, characterized in that the substantially rigid member is an "I" beam. 66. The system according to claim 61, characterized in that it also comprises a brace for joining the substantially rigid member to the support. 67. The system according to claim 61, characterized in that further comprises a first plate attached to the structure and a second plate attached to the support, where the first plate can be attached to the second plate. 68. The system according to claim 61, characterized in that it also comprises at least one plate that can be joined to one of the support and the concrete structure to join the concrete structure to the support. 69. A system characterized in that it comprises: at least one concrete structure comprising a column portion and a panel portion; a support for receiving at least one concrete structure thereon; a first plate attached to the colunna portion; and a second plate attached to the support; wherein the first plate can be attached to the second plate to fix at least one concrete structure to the support 70. The system according to claim 69, characterized in that the first plate is anchored in the column portion. 71. The system according to claim 69, characterized in that the second plate is anchored in the support. 72. A system characterized in that it comprises at least one concrete structure comprising a column, the column having an opening for receiving a rigid member for supporting the concrete structure in a vertical position; a support for receiving at least one concrete structure thereon; and a substantially rigid member attached to the support and which can be received in the opening in the column to provide lateral support to at least one structure. 73. The system according to claim 72, characterized in that it also comprises a slot in the column, the slot being configured for receive a panel. 74. The system according to claim 72, characterized in that at least one concrete structure further comprises a panel. The system according to claim 73, characterized in that the groove and the opening are contiguous. 76. The system according to claim 73, characterized in that the slot and the opening are separated. 77. The system according to claim 72, characterized in that it also comprises a brace for joining the substantially rigid member to the support 7i The system according to claim 77, characterized in that it also comprises fasteners embedded in the support for joining the brace 79 The system according to claim 72, characterized in that it further comprises a first plate attached to the structure and a second plate attached to the support, where the first plate can be attached to the second plate. 80. The system according to claim 72, characterized in that it also comprises at least one plate that can be joined to one of the support and the concrete structure to join the concrete structure to the support. 81. A system characterized in that it comprises: at least one concrete structure comprising a column portion and a panel portion, the column portion having a slot for receiving a panel portion of an adjacent structure; a support for receiving at least one concrete structure thereon; and means for joining the concrete structure to the support to support the concrete structure in a vertical position. 82. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support comprises a substantially rigid member attached to the support. 83. The system according to claim 82, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support further comprises a brace for joining the substantially rigid member to the support. 84. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support also comprises fasteners embedded in the bracket to join the brace. 85. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support comprises a substantially rigid member embedded in the support. 86. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support comprises a first plate attached to the structure and a second plate attached to the support, where the first plate can be attached to the second plate. . 87. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support comprises at least one plate that can be joined to one of the support and ce the concrete structure. 88. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the column portion further comprises an opening for receiving a substantially rigid member. 89. The system according to claim 81, characterized in that the means for joining the concrete structure to the support comprises a substantially rigid member attached to the support; wherein the substantially rigid member is integrated into the support; wherein the substantially rigid member comprises a steel beam "I"; wherein the column portion further comprises an opening for receiving the substantially rigid member, wherein the column portion and the panel portion are integrally formed in such a manner that the concrete structure is a one-piece member; wherein the column portion comprises an increased lateral dimension as compared to the panel portion; wherein the support comprises concrete reinforced with steel; wherein the groove in the column portion and the opening are contiguous; wherein the panel portion comprises a surface treatment that has the appearance of a rock wall and a brick wall.