FI70969B - BALKFORMAT BYGGELEMENT AV HAERDBART MATERIAL SAETT ATT TILLVERKA DETTA SAMT SAETT ATT UTFOERA EN RAM ELLER STOMME TILL EN BYGGNAD ELLER DEL AV EN SAODAN MED ANVAENDNING AV SAODANA BYGELEMENT - Google Patents

Description

70969 «A BEAM-STRUCTURAL ELEMENT OF HARDENABLE MATERIAL, A WAY TO MANUFACTURE SUCH, AND A METHOD OF MAKING A FRAME OR FRAME OF A BUILDING OR SUCH PART OF A BUILD BY BACKGROUND

SÄTT ATT TILLVERKA DETTA, SAMT SÄTT ATT UTFÖRA EN RAM ELLER STOMME TILL EN BYGGNAD ELLER DEL AV EN SÄDAN MED ANVÄNDNING AV SÄDANA BYGGELEMENT

The present invention relates to a beam-shaped structural element comprising a longitudinally reinforced beam part made of a castable or curable material, such as concrete, and a second beam part spaced from the beam part, connected to the first beam part by a reciprocating metal wire between the beam parts.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing various box-shaped structural elements and also provides means for utilizing these, for example by making a frame or frame of a building or such part with a simple technique.

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A structural element such as that described above is described and disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 812,206.

West German German Patent Application No. 2,929,350 can also be considered to describe such a structural element, although in this case it is a concrete beam and not a concrete beam part connected to another beam part by a reciprocating metal beam.

In German Patent Publication 812,206, the second beam part comprises two welded angle irons which together form a T-profile. The structural element is intended to form part of a beam structure, which also comprises a second profile element. Such a structural element therefore has very limited uses.

2 70969 The structural element according to West German application publication 2 902 350 also has a second metal, such as steel, beam part welded with reciprocating wires. The use of this type of structural board is also very limited.

Other types of structural elements are described, for example, in published PCT application no. WO 80-01297, which describes a structural element consisting of two parallel wooden slats, which wooden slats are connected between them by a reciprocating metal 1anga11a.

Swiss Patent Publication 547,927 discloses a concrete slab connected by wires to a plurality of parallel metal elements.

German application 1 784 828 discloses three triangular wooden beams connected by supports to form a special structure.

U.S. Patent No. 4,125,981 discloses a structural structure consisting of two plates joined in parallel, on which plates concrete is sprayed so that the plates are joined together in a concrete structure.

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The object of the invention is to provide a light and rigid beam-shaped structural element, the dimensions of which can be simply modified depending on the requirements, which is simple to manufacture without complex equipment and has all kinds of use in construction technology, where it can be used both vertically and horizontally. in connection with erection.

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The beam-like structural element according to the invention is as described above and is characterized in that the second beam part also consists of a castable and curable material, such as concrete, and is provided with longitudinal reinforcement and that the reciprocating wires between the pieces are connected to the longitudinal reinforcement of each beam part. as a lightweight, torsionally rigid force-receiving unit with uniform reinforcement.

The reciprocating wires - which can be said to form an intermediate reinforcement between the beam parts, which determines the width or height of the structural element - are statically significant because they connect the longitudinal reinforcements of the beam parts to each other. The properties of the beam, such as static bearing force, bending resistance and torsional capacity, can thus be simply varied and adapted to the prevailing need.

The shape and low weight of the beam per running meter, its material, steel and concrete in static connection allow a wide range of applications.

The vertical and horizontal structural elements according to the invention can thus easily be used to erect a frame or frame of a building, whereby the structural elements are connected in a simple manner by means of a screw-bolt connection. In the central free space between the beam parts, there can then be various advantageous areas of use in the area of the reciprocating wires. The space can thus be used to form the frames of the doors and windows in the building in a simple manner. The space can still be used to place insulation, whereby the wall of the building receives substantially continuous insulation along the entire wall without the creation of cold-conducting bridges.

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A frame structure made of a structural element can be further provided with formwork walls at the front and rear, between which the concrete is poured to form a substantially continuous wall or beam, whereby the structural element is utilized. uppomuottina.

The structural element according to the invention can advantageously be used for the frames of structural constructions, such as, for example, villas, terraced houses, apartment buildings, school and industrial buildings. Furthermore, other structural structures such as roofs, balconies, curbs and so on can be easily constructed using a structural element.

The shape of the beam facilitates the fitting of details when attaching a façade element, such as brick or other façade cladding.

When constructing the frame of a house, the structural elements according to the invention further facilitate the laying of plumbing and electrical wiring.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that both beam parts consist of the same curable material with connecting parts between the beam parts.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one of the sides of the beam parts has a longitudinal strip of wood cast in or otherwise connected to the beam part and arranged to facilitate connection of the beam part to another building element by nail or screw connection. This embodiment offers many advantages. Despite the fact that the frame of the building frame consists of a concrete structural element according to the invention, whereby a high-strength supporting structure is obtained, there is no difficulty in arranging interior walls, bulkheads, rafters and the like of wood.

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Alternatively, it is also possible, instead of casting a wooden strip into one or both of the beam parts, it is quite simple to arrange a special wooden strip in the structural element, whereby corresponding advantages can be achieved.

One method of manufacturing a beam-shaped reinforced structural element comprising two spaced parallel, reinforced cast or curable beam members of cast or curable material, such as concrete, is characterized in that a mold provided with side and end walls and a central, upward a tapered mold having a height approximately equal to half the thickness of the finished element is provided with a reinforcing spacer comprising a longitudinal reinforcement for each beam piece and a reinforcing wire connecting them running back and forth between the longitudinal reinforcements, then a corresponding downwardly tapering mold body is then introduced into the mold. half the thickness of the beam element and this is fixed in relation to the first piece of mold and that the concrete or other curable material is poured into the mold and vibrated and allowed to harden.

The method according to the invention does not require complicated means, which is why the industrial production of the structural element according to the invention takes place without major investments. Thus, in many cases, it may be advantageous to arrange the manufacture of the structural elements in the immediate vicinity of the construction site, where the building is made, the frame of which will comprise the structural elements according to the invention.

The low weight of the structural elements per running meter, on the other hand, means that there are no difficulties in transporting them from the manufacturing site to the potential construction site.

A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the reinforcing spacer is placed on strips of foam or similar material on a lower molded part, which strips are compressed by the weight of the reinforcing spacer and the upper molded part to form a seal of cast concrete or the center of the reinforcement spacer remains substantially free of concrete.

Another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the building element is used as both vertical supports and horizontal support elements connected by a screw connection, and that the free space between the building element parts in the central part of the reinforcing wire is used to facilitate interlocking. or the like, or for drawing, insulating, or the like.

The structural element according to the invention thus has a more or less general purpose with its many possible uses. Besides, the free space between the parts of the structural elements is utilized in various ways that make the construction of the building easier and less expensive.

Other aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

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Brief explanation of the drawings

Fig. 1a is a perspective view of a beam-shaped structural element according to the invention.

Figures 1b-1e are side and end views of four other types of beam-shaped structural members with at least one parallel longitudinal beam member having one or two molded wood strips to facilitate joining of the structural elements with another structural member by nail or wood screw connection.

Figs. 1f to 1k are examples of structural elements designed in different ways according to the invention, which are intended to be used as vertical support or support elements.

Fig. 1L shows an example of a roof chair which is collapsible.

two structural elements according to the invention.

Fig. 1m is a side view of a structural element according to the invention intended for use as a horizontal support beam.

Figures 2a-2f show a mold for manufacturing the beam element according to Figure 1a and illustrate the manufacturing process. The other figures, with the exception of Figure 2e, are end views except that Figure 2e is a perspective view of the mold as well as the molded structural member during curing.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a building frame made of structural elements according to the invention.

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Figs. 4a-4d are perspective views illustrating the operation in the base casting of the base slab and the initial stage of erecting the frame of the house frame to be placed on this base slab.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the erection of a part of the frame of a house frame directly at the base.

Fig. 6a is a perspective view illustrating the attachment of window and door frames to a structural element according to the invention in an erected part of the frame of a house frame.

Fig. 6b is a side view showing a casting mold placed against a beam for casting a wall and a bulkhead, the so-called disposable mold for apartment buildings.

Figures 7a-7f show a few private arrangements for erecting the lower part of the frame of the house frame.

Figs. 8a-Bd show details illustrating special support structures when required for erecting the frame of a house frame.

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Figures 9a and 9b are plan views and illustrate two different arrangements for casting building walls without a special mold using concrete planks associated with a beam-shaped structural element according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Reference is now made to Fig. 1a, in which a beam-shaped structural element 1 consists of a first concrete beam part 2 with longitudinal reinforcement 4 and a second parallel beam part 3 running parallel thereto, which also has a longitudinal reinforcement 5. A metal wire 6 runs back and forth between the beam parts. which is welded to each longitudinal reinforcement 4, 5 of the beam part, combining the beam parts into one light, torsionally rigid, force-receiving and one thus uniformly reinforced.

The height and thickness of the beam parts, respectively, may vary depending on the requirements imposed on the structural element when using it. The longitudinal reinforcement 4 and 5, respectively, may also have a variable diameter in each beam section, as well as a reciprocating reinforcement 6, which acts as an intermediate reinforcement between the beam sections and thus will determine the height of the structural element in the horizontal position.

As will be explained in more detail below, the structural element 1 can be used for both horizontal and vertical installation in connection with various frame and frame constructions of buildings, and can then be connected to other structural elements by suitable screw-nut connections.

However, the structural element can also be connected to other structural elements by nail or wood screw connections, and the structural element is then preferably one of the embodiments shown in Figures 1b-1e.

In the embodiment according to Figure 1b, two pieces of wood Θ are cast inside each beam part 2, 3. The outer side surfaces of these coincide with the side of the respective beam element 2, 4 which is turned away from the opposite beam element.

Each wooden strip 8 can be provided with a web 8a for connection to a corresponding beam part during casting. In addition, each wooden strip can be passed through a plurality of spaced-apart steel fastening pins (not shown) at certain distances, for example 400 mm, in the respective beam part 2 and 4, respectively.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 1c, each beam part 2 and 4 each has a wooden strip 8 having a larger width than the wooden strips shown in Fig. 1b.

Fig. 1c also has the difference with respect to Figs. 1a and 1b that the two reinforcing wires 6 run back and forth between the beam parts. Furthermore, in each beam section 2 and 3, respectively, there are two longitudinal reinforcements 4 and 5, respectively.

In the embodiment according to Figure 1d, the second beam part 3 has a smaller height and width than the first beam part 2, which in turn has two wooden strips 8.

The embodiment according to Fig. 1e resembles the embodiment according to Fig. 1c in that both beam parts 2 and 3 are connected by two reciprocating reinforcing wires 6. However, since the second beam part 3 has smaller dimensions than the other 2, the intermediate reinforcing wires 6 form an angle with each other. The larger beam part 2 still has a molded wooden strip 8.

Figures 1f-1k show an example for shaping a beam-shaped structural element according to the invention for use as a vertical support or support element. The embodiments according to Figs. 1i and 1j are open downwards so that they can be placed on a horizontal support beam (cf. Fig. 5).

Both of these embodiments, as well as the embodiment of Figure 1h, are still open upwards to receive the upper support beam (cf. Figure 6a).

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A few embodiments, for example the embodiments according to Figures 1g, 1h and 1k, are instead or therefore provided with an upper and a lower, closed opening, respectively, so that they can receive the support beams, which must then be removed from the side.

Fig. 1f shows an example of a structural element according to the invention provided with upper and lower lateral grooves for fitting upper and lower support beams (not shown) in the groove, respectively.

The various embodiments according to Figures 1f-1k thus illustrate that the support or girder beams manufactured according to the invention can be provided with differently shaped and located grooves for fitting horizontal girder beams, roof chairs or the like in the grooves.

Fig. 1L shows an example of a roof chair cast in one of two beam-shaped building elements according to the invention, which then form an angle with each other.

Fig. 1m shows an example of a building element according to the invention intended for use as a horizontal beam and arranged to be installed together with, for example, one of the support or support beams shown in Figs. 1f-1k.

The structural elements according to the invention shown in Figures 1f-1m are provided with two or more holes 1c, which are intended to allow simple connection to other structural elements by means of a screw-nut connection 25 (shown, for example, in Figure 3).

The process of manufacturing the beam-shaped structural element according to Figure 1a is illustrated in Figures 2a-2f. To achieve this goal, a single mold 10 with a corner base 11 70969 12 is used, which rests on two angle irons 12. The vertical parts of these have side closures 13 which are pivotally connected to the angle irons 12 by longitudinal joints 14.

The mold is also equipped with an end closure. (Not shown).

Against the mold base is placed an upwardly tapering mold body 15 made of sheet steel, the height of which corresponds approximately to half the thickness of the finished element. As shown in Figure 2b, two parallel strips 16 of foam are placed on the mold body 15.

As shown in Fig. 2c, a reinforcing spacer comprising a longitudinal reinforcement 4 and 5, respectively, and a reciprocating and connecting reinforcing wire 6 between them are then placed. When the reinforcing spacers 17 are set, the foam strips 16 are pressed together.

The downwardly tapering mold body 18 with two foam strips 16 is then placed on the reinforcing spacers, on which the mold bodies are fastened as shown in Fig. 2d by a plurality of screws 19 arranged at a suitable distance.

The weight of the upper mold body 18 and the reinforcing spacer 17 causes the foam strips 16 to compress together to form seals which prevent the concrete, which is then poured into the mold, from penetrating the space between the mold bodies.

A perspective view of the mold with its pre-cast structural elements is shown in Figure 2e. In this state, the mold with its structural elements can be transported, for example, by a trolley to a place where the structural element is allowed to harden, after which the mold is dismantled (Fig. 2f).

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The series production of the structural element according to the invention can be carried out very quickly and simply and at a lower investment cost under the mold equipment with the manufacturing method and molds shown. The use of the loose lower mold of Figure 2 allows this, when the curing process begins, to be removed from the mother mold, which is cleaned and provided with a new substrate for new casting.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing the frame of a house frame, which is erected by means of a structural element according to the invention. The structural elements then form both vertical wall supports and horizontal support beams, bulkheads or so-called girders. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown, a slightly modified structural element 1 of a roof chair almost as shown in Fig. 11 is formed. These can be described as being formed by the legs 1b passing through the central part 1a, which form an angle with each other.

Figure 3 also illustrates, among other things, how a simplified foundation can be made using the beam-shaped structural elements according to the invention. For example, instead of casting a 40-50 cm high plinth, downwardly extended vertical support beams with grooves - for example according to Fig. 1h - were used at a distance from the ground and with grooves for a horizontal support beam, for example according to Fig. 1m supporting a bulkhead which can also be formed from Figs. in accordance with.

This possibility of achieving a simplified foundation brings substantial cost savings e.g. because soil design work is reduced and further because a costly foundation or plinth does not need to be cast.

The building elements can be connected by a screw-nut connection 25, whereby the free space 14 70969 in the central part of the structural elements can facilitate such connection. However, as can be seen, for example, from Figure 4c, a through hole 1c may also be provided in the building elements for the passage of such connecting screws.

Figures 4a-4d schematically show an example of a procedure for making the foundation and attaching the lower part of the frame to the base plate.

The ground base 20 is then initially provided with holes 20a in the bottoms of the base slabs, which are reinforced and cast with concrete. Before the concrete has hardened, holders 22 are inserted into the cast base slabs 21 to support the beam in the mold of the building element 1, which, when the concrete has solidified, is fastened in a manner illustrated in Fig. 4b.

Figure 4c shows how the side 23 of the mold is arranged against the holders 22, after which the base is filled and ... sealed to the correct height.

The base plate 24 is then cast, and when the sides 23 of the mold are removed, the holders 22 are cast into the base plate 24.

Thereafter, vertical wall supports such as the building element 1 can be arranged and connected by holders 22 with a screw-nut connection 25.

As can be seen from Fig. 4d, the wall supports can support horizontal wall beams such as the building element 1, which in turn can support horizontal bulkheads or so-called neck beams, which are also similar to building element 1. The horizontal bulkheads 1 are connected to the wall supports by screw-nut connections 25.

Figure 5 shows a modified foundation method in which no base plate 24 is cast. Instead, the lower parts 70969 15 are cast into vertical wall supports such as building element 1 on base plates 21 cast directly on the ground, after which horizontal support beams, which are also similar to building element 1, are inserted into the grooves in the vertical wall supports. The horizontal support beams 1 then have to support neck beams or bulkheads, which are similar to the building element 1 according to the invention and which are connected to the vertical wall supports by a screw-nut connection 25. Overlapping in the height direction at several floor levels, possibly even so-called in apartment buildings, can then be performed.

As an example for attaching window and door frames in the frame of a house frame, Figure 6a illustrates. The window frames 27 and the door frames 2Θ are attached to vertical supports such as the building element 1, which are provided with upper and lower grooves, so that they can previously be connected to the upper and lower horizontal support beams .; between. This means that a reliable structure is obtained which allows a simple modification of the vertical position of the window and door frames.

Figure 6b illustrates the casting of a multi-storey building using a building element 1 according to the invention. Upper support beams with smaller dimensions, such as building element 1, run perpendicular to the paper plane surface in the upper grooves in the vertical wall supports, and the wall supports may be formed These support beams are supported, for example, by the horizontal beams according to Figure 1m, which form a bulkhead and are connected to the vertical support beams by a screw-nut connection 25.

Formwork trees 32, for example of plywood - so-called plywood - are attached to the outer and inner sides of the vertical support beams. with plywood screw connection 33.

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The outer mold extends all the way to the top of the wall support, while the inner mold tree extends to a level corresponding to the height of the room.

The horizontal bulkhead elements are also coated on the underside with a mold material 32, which is also fastened by a screw connection 33.

The space between the mold sides is filled with concrete at the bottom of the upper bulkhead. The vertical support beams are then moved to the next layer - marked at the top of Figure 6b - to prepare for the next day's casting. These wall supports are placed on horizontal girders and screwed together with these and bulkhead beams. It is then filled with concrete to the top of the bulkhead.

The next day, the mold is dismantled, in addition to which the next layer level is put in order for casting, etc.

The building elements 1 between the mold sides 32 are cast inside the concrete wall and then form a so-called a single mold.

Figure 7a illustrates an arrangement for providing a plinth space on a support beam of a building connected thereto, which building is constructed with building elements according to the invention. The horizontal building element 1 according to the invention is then placed on the plinth and has to support the bulkhead elements running perpendicularly, which also consist of the building element 1.

Figure 7b shows how two support beams, such as building element 1, are arranged side by side on a plinth to allow additional loading.

Figure 7c illustrates a basic procedure for applying a support to a façade element, for example a brick. To achieve this goal, a support element 30 shaped in a special way, shown in Figures 7e and 7f, is used. These are grooved as shown in Fig. 7c at certain intervals in the horizontal support beams n 1, which are received by the plinth.

Figures 8a-Qd illustrate some other arrangements for support elements against the base plate or base (Figure 8a) which support long-span beams when two or more building elements 1 are arranged side by side (Figure 8b) and support the beam during connection. Fig. 8 shows a suitable support element from the side, while Fig. 8 shows how two horizontal building elements are connected to each other by means of horizontal connecting irons 30.

Figures 9a and 9b show two different examples for attaching a concrete slab to a building element according to the invention, the so-called to provide a disposable mold. The manufactured wall elements 34 in the form of a concrete slab are provided with abutments 34a delimited by an oblique surface corresponding to the oblique in the beam part 2. The inner wall element 35, which also consists of a concrete slab, has corresponding abutments 35a.

When concrete is poured between the outer and inner walls 34 and 35, respectively, the shape of the protrusions 34a and 35a, respectively, promotes the transfer of pressure to the building element by the concrete. The wall elements 34, 35 will then be attached to the building element 1 ns. when a disposable mold is formed.

Fig. 9b shows an arrangement modified with respect to Fig. 9a, in which the outer and inner walls 34 'and 35', respectively, instead have abutting abutment shoulders 34'a and 35'a, respectively, bounded by chamfered portions. The shoulders are against the opposing side surfaces of the building element 1.

In this embodiment, the outer and side walls 34 *, 35 'are connected to the building elements 1 by hooks 40.

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The fact that the building element 1 has a groove in the area of the central part facilitates the casting of the walls and ensures a better end result. Thus, a continuous concrete interior is obtained along the entire wall.

The same is true if the space between the outer and inner walls 34, 35 and 34 ', 35', respectively, is instead provided with an insulating material. In this case, continuous insulation is obtained without cold-conducting bridges in the area of the building element 1.

Industrial suitability

From the above description, which comprises only a few conceivable examples of the invention and how these can be used in practice in the manufacture of various building structures, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention is applicable in a number of other ways and can have a wide variety of uses in construction technology.

In particular, it is true that the building seed does not have to be in the shape shown in Fig. 1a, but can be modified in different ways, where both beam parts 2 and 3 are connected to each other along certain parts of the building element and / or form certain angles. It is essential for the invention that the building element has two reinforced beam sections connected by reciprocating wires between them, which form an intermediate reinforcement and which otherwise have the properties described above. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that different types of special elements for specific purposes can be made and, depending on the requirements set, a design other than the basic shape of the building element is given without departing from the basic idea of the invention.

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Claims (13)

70969 19 A beam-shaped building element comprising one beam part (2) of castable and curable material, such as concrete, with longitudinal reinforcement (4) and a second beam part (3) spaced apart from the beam part, connected to the first beam part by a reciprocating metal wire (6), characterized in that the second beam part (3) also consists of a castable and curable material, such as concrete, and is provided with longitudinal reinforcement (5) and that the reciprocating wires (6) between the beam parts are connected to the longitudinal reinforcement of each beam part. , the torsion is a force - receiving unit with uniform reinforcement. Building seed according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two beam parts (2, 3) consist of the same curable material with their connecting parts between the beam parts. Building element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the sides of the beam parts has a longitudinal wooden strip (6) which is cast in or otherwise connected to the beam part and arranged to facilitate connection of the beam part to another building element by nail or screw connection. Building element according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the side surfaces of the beam parts (2,3) and the surfaces facing away from one another are substantially flat. Building element according to Claim 4, characterized in that the beam parts (2,3) taper in one direction towards one another. 20 70969 A method of manufacturing a beam-shaped reinforced building element (1), which element comprises two spaced apart joints. reinforced cast and hardenable material, such as concrete, characterized in that the mold (10) is provided with side and end walls (13) and a central, upwardly tapering mold (15) with a height of approximately half the thickness of the finished element, a reinforcing spacer (17) comprising a longitudinal reinforcement (4, 5) is provided for each beam part and a reinforced Siangan (6) connecting them between the longitudinal reinforcements (4,5) is then introduced into the mold a corresponding downwardly tapering mold body (18) having a height approximately equal to half the thickness of the beam element and this is fixed relative to the first mold body and that the concrete or other curable material is poured into the mold and vibrated and allowed to cure. Method according to Claim 6, characterized in that the reinforcement spacer (17) is placed on strips (16) of foam or similar material in the lower formwork (1), which strips are compressed by the weight of the reinforcement spacer and the upper formwork to form a sealable cast concrete. or the like, so that the central part of the reinforcement spacer (17) remains substantially free of concrete. A method of manufacturing a frame or frame of a building or such part using a beam-shaped building element (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the building element (1) is used as both vertical supports and horizontal support elements connected by a screw connection (25), and that the free space between the parts of the building elements in the central area of the reinforcing wire (6) is utilized to facilitate the arrangement of window and door frames (27; 2Θ) or the like between the building elements, or to pull, insulate or the like. Il 21 70969 A method according to claim Θ, characterized in that when the building elements are screwed together, formwork plates (32; 34, 35) are arranged next to the thighs, possibly in the form of prefabricated wall elements, after which concrete is poured between them, the concrete flowing between the beam sections , in which the building elements form the so-called the mold that stays in place. A method according to claim Θ, characterized in that outer walls, insulation and inner walls are provided in the frame or frame erected from the building elements, the insulation being passed through the space between the parts of the building elements to form a substantially continuous insulation avoiding cold bridges in the wall. Method according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a roof chair is provided in the frame or frame by means of a screw connection, which comprises a similar building element, the outer and inner sides of which are provided with a coating of a concrete element. Method according to Claim 8, using a building element (1) with beam sections (2,3) tapering towards one another, characterized in that a wall element (34, 35), a suspended ceiling element, a bulkhead element are arranged between the building elements (1). , a floor element or the like provided with shoulders (34a, 35a) having a sloping and / or abutment-shaped surface corresponding to the shape of the beam parts (2,3) in their plane of contact, whereby the elements in question can be attached to the building elements (1) under the influence of an acting force, such as casting pressure, without the use of an external mold or the like (Fig. 9a). 22 PATENTKRAV 70 9 6 9