MD1768Z - Process for feeding bee families - Google Patents

Process for feeding bee families Download PDF

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MD1768Z
MD1768Z MDS20230072A MDS20230072A MD1768Z MD 1768 Z MD1768 Z MD 1768Z MD S20230072 A MDS20230072 A MD S20230072A MD S20230072 A MDS20230072 A MD S20230072A MD 1768 Z MD1768 Z MD 1768Z
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bees
mixture
feeding
bee colonies
strain
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MDS20230072A
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Тамара СЫРБУ
Вероника БУГНЯК
Николай СТАРЧУК
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Публичное Учреждение Технический Университет Молдовы
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Abstract

The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to a process for feeding bee families.The process, according to the invention, comprises feeding bees with a mixture of cultural liquid of thePenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 strain and 50% sugar syrup, taken in a ratio of 1:40, in the amount of 200 mL of the mixture for each frame with bees, once at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring.The technical result consists in accelerating the development and increasing the morphoproductive characteristics of bee families.

Description

Invenţia se referă la apicultură, în particular la un procedeu de hrănire a familiilor de albine. The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to a method of feeding bee colonies.

Ca rezultat al condiţiilor nefavorabile din timpul iernii, primăvara, după perioada de inhibare, coloniile de albine sunt slăbite, cu imunitatea scăzută. Pentru revitalizarea albinelor se aplică diferite procedee şi mijloace de stimulare a funcţiilor vitale ale albinelor, care asigură necesităţile acestora în substanţe nutritive biologic active uşor digerabile şi accesibile, ceea ce contribuie la activizarea ritmului de dezvoltare şi eficienţa familiilor de albine. Sunt cunoscute diverse procedee de hrănire a familiilor de albine, care au capacitatea de a revigora starea albinelor după perioada de iarnă. As a result of unfavorable conditions during the winter, in the spring, after the period of inhibition, bee colonies are weakened, with low immunity. For the revitalization of bees, various procedures and means of stimulating the vital functions of bees are applied, which ensure their needs in easily digestible and accessible biologically active nutrients, which contributes to the activation of the development rhythm and efficiency of bee colonies. Various procedures for feeding bee colonies are known, which have the ability to revive the condition of bees after the winter period.

Este cunoscut procedeul de hrănire a familiilor de albineApis melliferacu un amestec din soluţie apoasă de 1 mg% a compusului „AA20Mo” cu sirop de zahăr de 50% în raport de 2:100, respectiv, şi hrănirea albinelor primăvara cu acest amestec în cantitate de 100-300 ml la fiecare interval de rame cu albine, o dată la două zile, timp de trei săptămâni [1]. It is known to feed Apis mellifera bee colonies with a mixture of 1 mg% aqueous solution of the compound "AA20Mo" with 50% sugar syrup in a ratio of 2:100, respectively, and to feed the bees in the spring with this mixture in an amount of 100-300 ml at each interval of bee frames, once every two days, for three weeks [1].

Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în faptul că tehnologia de obţinere a compusului „AA20Mo” este prea complicată şi costisitoare. The disadvantage of this process is that the technology for obtaining the "AA20Mo" compound is too complicated and expensive.

Cea mai apropiată soluţie, după rezultatul obţinut, este procedeul de hrănire a albinelor primăvara cu un amestec de soluţie de 1% mas. de extract din biomasa tulpinii cianobacterieiSpirulina platensisCNM-CB-02 şi sirop de zahăr de 50% luate în raport de 1:500. Biomasa microalgeiSpirulina platensiseste cultivată în prezenţa compusului coordinativ [KCr(SO4)2x12H2O] (Apispir+Cr), care sporeşte penetrabilitatea celulelor vii, iar hrănirea albinelor cu amestec se efectuează în cantitate de 100-130 mL de amestec la o ramă cu albine, la fiecare 2 zile, timp de două săptămâni [2]. The closest solution, according to the obtained result, is the process of feeding bees in the spring with a mixture of a solution of 1% mass. of extract from the biomass of the cyanobacterial strain Spirulina platensis CNM-CB-02 and 50% sugar syrup taken in a ratio of 1:500. The biomass of the microalgae Spirulina platensis is cultivated in the presence of the coordination compound [KCr(SO4)2x12H2O] (Apispir+Cr), which increases the penetrability of living cells, and feeding bees with the mixture is carried out in an amount of 100-130 mL of the mixture per frame with bees, every 2 days, for two weeks [2].

Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în faptul că tehnologia de obţinere a extractului din biomasa tulpinii cianobacterieiSpirulina platensisCNM-CB-02, cultivată în prezenţa compusului coordinativ KCr(SO4)2x12H2O, este prea complicată şi costisitoare, iar eficienţa utilizării microelementelor din amestecul administrat este scăzută. The disadvantage of this process is that the technology for obtaining the extract from the biomass of the cyanobacterial strain Spirulina platensis CNM-CB-02, cultivated in the presence of the coordination compound KCr(SO4)2x12H2O, is too complicated and expensive, and the efficiency of using the microelements in the administered mixture is low.

Problema pe care o rezolvă prezenta invenţie constă în creşterea eficienţei dezvoltării familiilor de albine şi sporirea caracterelor morfoproductive ale familiilor de albine. The problem solved by the present invention consists in increasing the efficiency of bee colony development and enhancing the morphoproductive characters of bee colonies.

Procedeul de hrănire a familiilor de albine prevede hrănirea acestora la sfârşitul iernii sau la începutul primăverii cu un amestec de lichid cultural al tulpiniiPenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 şi sirop de zahăr de 50%, luate în raport de 1:40, totodată hrănirea albinelor se efectuează o singură dată în cantitate de 200 ml de amestec la fiecare ramă cu albine. The process of feeding bee colonies involves feeding them at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring with a mixture of culture liquid of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN-FD-11 and 50% sugar syrup, taken in a ratio of 1:40, while feeding the bees is carried out only once in an amount of 200 ml of the mixture for each frame with bees.

În calitate de supliment bioactiv se utilizează metaboliţii din lichidul cultural al tulpinii fungicePenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11, care are un conţinut bogat de substanţe biologic active, inclusiv de proteine, glucide, lipide, aminoacizi esenţiali, în special imunomodulatori, micro-macro-elemente, antioxidanţi, care au un rol catalizator în metabolismul substanţelor azotate la albinele lucrătoare, participă la sinteza unor enzime, ameliorează componenţa calitativă a lăptişorului de matcă şi stimulează secreţia acestuia la albinele-doici, cu influenţe directe şi indirecte (prin alimentaţie) asupra viabilităţii puietului şi rezistenţei familiilor de albine la boli. Lichidul cultural se obţine în rezultatul cultivării submerse a tulpinii fungicePenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 în mediul nutritiv cu compoziţia, (%): glucoză 4,0; KNO30,74; NaH2PO40,25; K2HPO40,25; MgSO4x7H2O 0,005; FeSO4x7H2O 0,005; extract de drojdii 1,8, pH iniţial 6,6, H2O până la 1 L, la temperatura de 28-30°C, timp de 6 zile, cu agitare continuă şi separarea ulterioară a biomasei prin filtrare. Lichidul cultural obţinut se tratează termic timp de 1 oră la temperatura de +60°C pentru inhibarea sporilor deP. finiculosum, după care se utilizează la prepararea unui amestec cu sirop de zahăr de 50% în raport de 1:40. Hrănirea albinelor se efectuează cu acest amestec în cantitate de 200 ml la fiecare ramă, o singură dată. As a bioactive supplement, metabolites from the culture liquid of the fungal strain Penicillium funiculosum CNMN-FD-11 are used, which has a rich content of biologically active substances, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, essential amino acids, especially immunomodulators, micro-macro-elements, antioxidants, which have a catalytic role in the metabolism of nitrogenous substances in worker bees, participate in the synthesis of some enzymes, improve the qualitative composition of royal jelly and stimulate its secretion in nurse bees, with direct and indirect influences (through nutrition) on the viability of the brood and the resistance of bee colonies to diseases. The culture liquid is obtained as a result of submerged cultivation of the fungal strain Penicillium funiculosum CNMN-FD-11 in the nutrient medium with the composition, (%): glucose 4.0; KNO30.74; NaH2PO40.25; K2HPO40.25; MgSO4x7H2O 0.005; FeSO4x7H2O 0.005; yeast extract 1.8, initial pH 6.6, H2O up to 1 L, at a temperature of 28-30°C, for 6 days, with continuous stirring and subsequent separation of the biomass by filtration. The obtained culture liquid is heat-treated for 1 hour at a temperature of +60°C to inhibit the spores of P. finiculosum, after which it is used to prepare a mixture with 50% sugar syrup in a ratio of 1:40. The bees are fed with this mixture in an amount of 200 ml per frame, once.

Rezultatul tehnic constă în accelerarea dezvoltării şi sporirea caracterelor morfoproductive ale familiilor de albine, şi anume a prolificităţii matcilor, cantităţii de puiet căpăcit, puterii şi productivităţii familiilor de albine. The technical result consists in accelerating the development and increasing the morphoproductive characteristics of bee colonies, namely the prolificacy of queens, the quantity of brood hatched, the strength and productivity of bee colonies.

Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention

Pentru obţinerea lichidului cultural al tulpiniiPenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 aceasta se cultivă submers în mediul nutritiv, (%): glucoză 4,0; KNO30,74; NaH2PO40,25; K2HPO40,25; MgSO4x7H2O 0,005; FeSO4x7H2O 0,005; extract de drojdii 1,8, pH iniţial 6,6, H2O până la 1 L, la temperatura de 28-30°C, timp de 6 zile, cu agitare continuă. Lichidul cultural se separă de biomasă prin filtrare, se tratează timp de 1 oră la temperatura +60°C, pentru inhibarea sporilor, apoi se utilizează la prepararea amestecului cu sirop de zahăr de 50%, în raport de 1:40. To obtain the culture liquid of the strain Penicillium funiculosum CNMN-FD-11, it is cultivated submerged in the nutrient medium, (%): glucose 4.0; KNO30.74; NaH2PO40.25; K2HPO40.25; MgSO4x7H2O 0.005; FeSO4x7H2O 0.005; yeast extract 1.8, initial pH 6.6, H2O up to 1 L, at a temperature of 28-30°C, for 6 days, with continuous stirring. The culture liquid is separated from the biomass by filtration, treated for 1 hour at a temperature of +60°C, to inhibit spores, then used to prepare the mixture with 50% sugar syrup, in a ratio of 1:40.

Procedeul de hrănire a familiilor de albine se realizează în felul următor: se distribuie albinelor în hrănitoarea stupului la sfârşitul iernii sau la începutul primăverii amestecul de lichid cultural al tulpiniiPenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 şi sirop de zahăr de 50%, luate în raport de 1:40, în cantitate de 200 ml de amestec la fiecare ramă, o singură dată. The feeding process for bee colonies is carried out as follows: at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring, the mixture of culture liquid of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN-FD-11 and 50% sugar syrup, taken in a ratio of 1:40, in an amount of 200 ml of the mixture for each frame, is distributed to the bees in the hive feeder, at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring.

Pentru estimarea eficienţei procedeului de hrănire a albinelor cu suplimentul nutritiv nominalizat, au fost desfăşurate experienţe de testare comparativă a acestuia pe familii de albine formate în trei loturi, câte 16 familii în fiecare lot: lotul I - martor (albinele au fost hranite numai cu sirop de zahăr de 50%); lotul II - cea mai apropiată soluţie (albinele au primit ca hrană un amestec de sirop de zahăr de 50% cu suplimentul Apispir+Cr, luate în raport de 500:1 în cantitate de 100-130 mL de amestec la o ramă cu albine, la fiecare 2 zile, timp de două săptămâni şi lotul III - invenţia propusă (albinele au primit în hrană un amestec de lichid cultural al tulpiniiPenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 şi sirop de zahăr de 50%, luate în raport de 1:40, în cantitate de 200 ml la fiecare ramă o singură dată). To estimate the efficiency of the bee feeding process with the nominated nutritional supplement, comparative testing experiments were carried out on bee colonies formed into three batches, 16 colonies in each batch: batch I - control (the bees were fed only with 50% sugar syrup); batch II - the closest solution (the bees received as food a mixture of 50% sugar syrup with the Apispir+Cr supplement, taken in a ratio of 500:1 in an amount of 100-130 mL of the mixture per frame with bees, every 2 days, for two weeks and batch III - the proposed invention (the bees received as food a mixture of culture liquid of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN-FD-11 and 50% sugar syrup, taken in a ratio of 1:40, in an amount of 200 mL per each frame once).

Tabel Table

Valoarea medie a caracterelor morfoproductive ale familiilor de albine din loturile experimentale The average value of the morphoproductive characters of the bee colonies in the experimental batches

Denumirea caracterelor Lotul I, martor Lotul II, cea mai apropiată soluţie Lotul III, invenţia propusă Media % Media % faţă de lotul I Media % faţă de lotul I % faţă de lotul II Prolificitatea mătcii, ouă/24 ore 1760 ± 20 100 1673 ± 14 99,8 2000 ± 15 113,6 119,6 Cantitatea de puiet capacit în cuib, sute celule 186 ± 1,5 100 200,7 ± 1,6 112,9 230 ± 1,6 123,6 114,60 Puterea familiei, kg 3,1 ± 0,07 100 3,28 ± 0,04 115,5 3,8 ± 0,1 122,6 115,85 Cantitatea de miere, kg 13,0 ± 0,4 100 13,24± 0,40 106,9 14,2 ± 0,4 109,2 107,25Character name Lot I, control Lot II, closest solution Lot III, proposed invention Average % Average % compared to lot I Average % compared to lot I % compared to lot II Queen's prolificacy, eggs/24 hours 1760 ± 20 100 1673 ± 14 99.8 2000 ± 15 113.6 119.6 Quantity of brood in the nest, hundreds of cells 186 ± 1.5 100 200.7 ± 1.6 112.9 230 ± 1.6 123.6 114.60 Family strength, kg 3.1 ± 0.07 100 3.28 ± 0.04 115.5 3.8 ± 0.1 122.6 115.85 Quantity of honey, kg 13.0 ± 0.4 100 13.24 ± 0.40 106.9 14.2 ± 0.4 109.2 107.25

Rezultatele testării au demonstrat că hrănirea albinelor cu sirop de zahăr suplimentat cu lichid cultural, la sfârşitul iernii sau la începutul primăverii, în perioada deficitară de cules în natură, a contribuit la creşterea semnificativă a valorilor principalelor caractere de reproducţie a reginei şi de dezvoltare a familiilor de albine. The test results demonstrated that feeding bees with sugar syrup supplemented with culture liquid, at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring, during the scarce period of natural harvesting, contributed to a significant increase in the values of the main reproductive traits of the queen and the development of bee colonies.

S-a constatat că substanţele biologic active din lichidul cultural au indirect un impact stimulator asupra funcţiilor ovogeneze ale mătcii, contribuind la creşterea cantităţii de puiet căpăcit în cuib. Deoarece matca nu consumă în hrană suplimentul nutritiv administrat în cuib, ci este permanent hrănită de către albinele lucrătoare cu lăptişor de matcă, putem afirma că substanţele biologic active din lichidul cultural au un impact stimulator asupra funcţiilor lactogene ale albinelor-doici şi asupra compoziţiei calitative a lăptişorului, amplificând astfel funcţiile reproductive ale reginei. Ca rezultat, prolificitatea mătcilor din familiile de albine din lotul III a crescut semnificativ, comparativ cu lotul I (martor) şi lotul II (cea mai apropiată soluţie), respectiv, cu 240 şi 327 ouă/24 ore, sau cu 13,6% şi 19,6% (P < 0,001). It was found that the biologically active substances in the culture fluid indirectly have a stimulating impact on the oogenic functions of the queen, contributing to the increase in the amount of brood hatched in the nest. Since the queen does not consume the nutritional supplement administered in the nest as food, but is constantly fed by the worker bees with royal jelly, we can state that the biologically active substances in the culture fluid have a stimulating impact on the lactogenic functions of the nurse bees and on the qualitative composition of the jelly, thus amplifying the reproductive functions of the queen. As a result, the prolificacy of queens from bee colonies in group III increased significantly, compared to group I (control) and group II (the closest solution), respectively, by 240 and 327 eggs/24 hours, or by 13.6% and 19.6% (P < 0.001).

Cantitatea de puiet căpăcit în familiile de albine din lotul III a fost semnificativ mai mare, comparativ cu lotul I (martor) şi lotul II (cea mai apropiată soluţie), cu 44,0 şi 29,3 sute de celule, sau cu 23,6 şi 14,6%, respectiv (P < 0,001 şi P < 0,01). The amount of brood hatched in bee colonies in group III was significantly higher, compared to group I (control) and group II (closest solution), by 44.0 and 29.3 hundred cells, or by 23.6 and 14.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01).

Creşterea prolificităţii matcilor şi a cantităţii de puiet căpăcit a contribuit la creşterea esenţială a puterii familiilor de albine, exprimată prin cantitatea totală de albine populate în cuib. Astfel, puterea familiilor de albine din lotul III a fost semnificativ mai mare, comparativ cu lotul I (martor) şi lotul II (cea mai apropiată soluţie), cu 0,70 şi 0,52 kg de albini, sau cu 22,6 şi 15,85%, respectiv (P < 0,001). The increase in queen prolificacy and the amount of brood hatched contributed to the essential increase in the strength of the bee colonies, expressed by the total amount of bees populated in the nest. Thus, the strength of the bee colonies in group III was significantly higher, compared to group I (control) and group II (the closest solution), by 0.70 and 0.52 kg of bees, or by 22.6 and 15.85%, respectively (P < 0.001).

Activizarea de către substanţele biologic active a funcţiilor ovogeneze ale mătcilor şi de dezvoltare reproductivă a familiilor de albine a contribuit la creşterea substanţială a productivităţii lor. Astfel, familiile de albine din lotul III, la primul cules, au acumulat în cuib, comparativ cu lotul I şi lotul II, o cantitate mai mare de miere cu 1,2 şi 0,96 kg sau cu 9,2 şi 7,25%, respectiv (P < 0,001 şi P < 0,05). The activation of the oogenic functions of the queens and the reproductive development of the bee colonies by the biologically active substances contributed to the substantial increase in their productivity. Thus, the bee colonies from batch III, at the first harvest, accumulated in the nest, compared to batch I and batch II, a greater quantity of honey by 1.2 and 0.96 kg or by 9.2 and 7.25%, respectively (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05).

1. MD 4438 B1 2016.10.31 1. MD 4438 B1 2016.10.31

2. MD 476 Y 2012.02.29 2. MD 476 Y 2012.02.29

Claims (1)

Procedeu de hrănire a familiilor de albine, care include hrănirea acestora cu un amestec de lichid cultural al tulpiniiPenicillium funiculosumCNMN-FD-11 şi sirop de zahăr de 50%, luate în raport de 1:40, în cantitate de 200 ml de amestec la fiecare ramă, o dată la sfârşitul iernii sau la începutul primăverii, totodată lichidul cultural este obţinut prin cultivarea tulpinii pe un mediu nutritiv, separarea biomasei şi tratarea lichidului la 60°C timp de 1 oră.Process for feeding bee colonies, which includes feeding them with a mixture of culture liquid of the Penicillium funiculosum strain CNMN-FD-11 and 50% sugar syrup, taken in a ratio of 1:40, in an amount of 200 ml of the mixture for each frame, once at the end of winter or at the beginning of spring, while the culture liquid is obtained by cultivating the strain on a nutrient medium, separating the biomass and treating the liquid at 60°C for 1 hour.
MDS20230072A 2023-08-24 2023-08-24 Process for feeding bee families MD1768Z (en)

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