MD153Y - Process for treating chick pea seeds with reduced viability - Google Patents
Process for treating chick pea seeds with reduced viability Download PDFInfo
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- MD153Y MD153Y MDS20090122A MDS20090122A MD153Y MD 153 Y MD153 Y MD 153Y MD S20090122 A MDS20090122 A MD S20090122A MD S20090122 A MDS20090122 A MD S20090122A MD 153 Y MD153 Y MD 153Y
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Abstract
Description
Invenţia se referă la agricultură şi poate fi utilizată în fitotehnie pentru prelucrarea seminţelor de năut după păstrarea lui îndelungată în colecţie ex situ. The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in plant breeding for processing chickpea seeds after long-term storage in ex situ collection.
Condiţiile de conservare a fondului genetic al plantelor de cultură sub formă de probe semincere sunt reglementate de standarde speciale, ceea ce permite de a păstra germinaţia lor la un nivel înalt în colecţiile de bază şi cele conservate pe termen mediu în Băncile de Gene. Deseori, însă, în instituţiile de ameliorare şi de alt profil se studiază forme din colecţiile active de lucru, seminţele cărora în timpul păstrării în condiţii obişnuite (fără aplicarea metodelor speciale) îşi pierd viabilitatea în diferite proporţii. În acest caz este necesar de a aplica diverse metode în scopul măririi germinaţiei lor. The conditions for preserving the genetic fund of cultivated plants in the form of seed samples are regulated by special standards, which allows to preserve their germination at a high level in the basic collections and those preserved for the medium term in Gene Banks. However, often in breeding and other institutions, forms from active working collections are studied, the seeds of which during storage under ordinary conditions (without the application of special methods) lose their viability to varying degrees. In this case, it is necessary to apply various methods in order to increase their germination.
Este cunoscut procedeul de tratare a seminţelor planetelor de cultură înainte de semănat, în corespundere cu care seminţele se prelucrează cu soluţii de gibberellină [1]. The process of treating crop plant seeds before sowing is known, in accordance with which the seeds are processed with gibberellin solutions [1].
Dezavantajele procedeului menţionat sunt costul mare al gibberellinei şi necesitatea aplicării unor proceduri speciale. În afară de aceasta, folosirea lor în fitotehnie este asociată cu un şir de dificultăţi - acţiunea specifică asupra diferitelor grupe sistematice ale plantelor şi în cadrul aceleiaşi specii, absenţa efectului stimulator la unele culturi sau inhibarea dezvoltării lor, necesitatea utilizării alcoolului pentru prepararea soluţiilor. The disadvantages of the mentioned process are the high cost of gibberellins and the need to apply special procedures. In addition, their use in phytotechnics is associated with a number of difficulties - the specific action on different systematic groups of plants and within the same species, the absence of a stimulating effect on some crops or inhibition of their development, the need to use alcohol for the preparation of solutions.
Cea mai apropiată soluţie este procedeul de tratare a seminţelor de vinete înainte de semănat, care include înmuierea lor în soluţie apoasă de glicozidă steroidică, şi anume de tomatozidă [2]. The closest solution is the process of treating eggplant seeds before sowing, which includes soaking them in an aqueous solution of a steroid glycoside, namely tomatoside [2].
De notat, însă, că procedeul propus determină sporirea productivităţii şi a calităţii culturii menţionate prin prelucrarea seminţelor cu germinaţia optimală în condiţii industriale. Este cunoscut faptul că activitatea glicozidelor steroidice, de asemenea, este specifică nu numai la nivelul speciilor botanice, dar şi la cel al soiurilor, hibrizilor, liniilor. Din aceste considerente soluţia menţionată nu poate fi aplicată în mod automat (scopul, concentraţia, expoziţia prelucrării etc.) altei culturi foarte îndepărtate din punct de vedere botanic şi agronomic, cum este năutul (Familia Fabaceae). It should be noted, however, that the proposed procedure determines the increase in productivity and quality of the mentioned crop by processing seeds with optimal germination under industrial conditions. It is known that the activity of steroid glycosides is also specific not only at the level of botanical species, but also at that of varieties, hybrids, lines. For these reasons, the mentioned solution cannot be automatically applied (purpose, concentration, processing exposure, etc.) to another crop that is very distant from the botanical and agronomic point of view, such as chickpea (Family Fabaceae).
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia constă în mărirea viabilităţii seminţelor după păstrarea lor îndelungată în colecţiile de lucru şi cele active ex situ. The problem solved by the invention consists in increasing the viability of seeds after their long-term storage in working and active ex situ collections.
Problema se soluţionează prin aceea că seminţele de năut cu viabilitate redusă din cauza păstrării îndelungate înainte de semănat se tratează cu soluţie apoasă a glicozidei steroidice glucopiranozid (1→2) glucopiranozid (1→4) galactopiranozid-3-[25R)-5α-3β, 22α, 26-triol]-26-O-β-D-glucopiranozid (tomatozidă) de concentraţia 0,0001…0,1% timp de 6 ore. The problem is solved by treating chickpea seeds with reduced viability due to long storage before sowing with an aqueous solution of the steroid glycoside glucopyranoside (1→2) glucopyranoside (1→4) galactopyranoside-3-[25R)-5α-3β, 22α, 26-triol]-26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (tomatoside) at a concentration of 0.0001…0.1% for 6 hours.
Rezultatul invenţiei constă în sporirea viabilităţii seminţelor de năut după păstrarea lor îndelungată în colecţiile active ex situ. The result of the invention consists in increasing the viability of chickpea seeds after their long-term storage in active ex situ collections.
Utilizarea glicozidelor steroidice pentru prelucrarea seminţelor plantelor de cultură este preferabilă, deoarece s-a stabilit mecanismul acţiunii lor, care constă în activizarea diferitelor constituente membranare intracelulare, fortificarea proceselor metabolice, ceea ce conduce la micşorarea acumulării radicalilor liberi, inhibarea vitezei de îmbătrânire a celulelor seminţelor. The use of steroid glycosides for processing crop plant seeds is preferable, because the mechanism of their action has been established, which consists in activating various intracellular membrane constituents, strengthening metabolic processes, which leads to a decrease in the accumulation of free radicals, and inhibition of the aging rate of seed cells.
Procedeul de obţinere a preparatului constă în extragerea din seminţele degresate şi mărunţite de tomate cu soluţie de 70% de metanol. Extractul metanolic se concentrează prin evaporare până la uscat şi multiplu se cromatografiază pe coloane cu silicagel. Controlul asupra randamentului preparatului se efectuează prin cromatografiere în straturi fine. Fracţiile, ce conţin preparatul, se unesc, se concentrează şi se obţine produsul scontat (temperatura de topire 217…220°C, [α]-2° - 24°, Rf=0,3 (cloroform:metanol:apă 65:35:10). (Кинтя П.К. и др. Строение и биологическая активность ряда спиростана и фуростана. Кишинев, 1987, с. 74-75). The preparation is obtained by extracting the defatted and crushed tomato seeds with a 70% methanol solution. The methanol extract is concentrated by evaporation to dryness and repeatedly chromatographed on silica gel columns. The yield of the preparation is controlled by thin layer chromatography. The fractions containing the preparation are combined, concentrated and the expected product is obtained (melting point 217…220°C, [α]-2° - 24°, Rf=0.3 (chloroform:methanol:water 65:35:10). (Kintya P.K. et al. Structure and biological activity of a series of spirostanes and furostanes. Kishinev, 1987, pp. 74-75).
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
Seminţele de năut, soiul ICC 4951, (anul de reproducere 1994) se tratează cu soluţie apoasă de tomatizidă în concentraţie de 0,1…0,0001% timp de 6 ore la temperatura de 20°C. Pentru obţinerea datelor comparative seminţele se prelucrează şi cu soluţie apoasă de gibberellină (0,001%). Ca martor se folosesc seminţele umectate cu apă distilată. După 6 ore seminţele se scot din soluţii, se spală şi se plasează în cutii Petri pe un strat de hârtie de filtru. Cutiile se introduc în termostat pentru germinare la temperatura de 20°C. În fiecare variantă se utilizează câte 50 de seminţe în 4 repetări. Se determină energia de creştere (la a 5-a zi) şi germinaţia (la a 8-a zi). Chickpea seeds, variety ICC 4951, (breeding year 1994) are treated with an aqueous solution of tomatidine in a concentration of 0.1…0.0001% for 6 hours at a temperature of 20°C. To obtain comparative data, the seeds are also processed with an aqueous solution of gibberellin (0.001%). Seeds moistened with distilled water are used as a control. After 6 hours, the seeds are removed from the solutions, washed and placed in Petri dishes on a layer of filter paper. The dishes are placed in a thermostat for germination at a temperature of 20°C. In each variant, 50 seeds are used in 4 repetitions. The growth energy (on the 5th day) and germination (on the 8th day) are determined.
Rezultatele sunt prezentate în tabel. The results are presented in the table.
Tabel Table
Acţiunea tomatozidei asupra seminţelor de năut cu viabilitate redusă din cauza păstrării îndelungate (soiul ICC 4951), anul de reproducere 1994 The action of tomatozide on chickpea seeds with reduced viability due to long storage (variety ICC 4951), breeding year 1994
№ variantei Varianta Concentraţia, % Energia de creştere, % Germinaţia, % 1 tomatozidă 0,1 31,3±2,1 48,3±2,6 2 " 0,01 34,7±1,9 52,3±2,8 3 " 0,001 48,7±2,0 69,3±3,1 4 " 0,0001 29,3±1,7 39,0±1,8 5 gibberellină 0,001 25,0±1,3 33,3±1,7 6 martor - 20,3±1,2 29,2±1,4Variant No. Variant Concentration, % Growth energy, % Germination, % 1 tomatoside 0.1 31.3±2.1 48.3±2.6 2 " 0.01 34.7±1.9 52.3±2.8 3 " 0.001 48.7±2.0 69.3±3.1 4 " 0.0001 29.3±1.7 39.0±1.8 5 gibberellin 0.001 25.0±1.3 33.3±1.7 6 control - 20.3±1.2 29.2±1.4
După cum se observă din tabel, prelucrarea seminţelor de năut cu soluţie apoasă de tomatozidă influenţează pozitiv asupra viabilităţii lor, comparativ cu gibberellina. As can be seen from the table, processing chickpea seeds with an aqueous solution of tomatoside has a positive influence on their viability, compared to gibberellin.
Prin urmare, tratarea prin procedeul propus a seminţelor de năut cu viabilitate scăzută din cauza păstrării îndelungate contribuie la mărirea energiei lor de creştere şi a germinaţiei. Therefore, treating chickpea seeds with low viability due to long storage by the proposed process contributes to increasing their growth energy and germination.
1. Калинин Ф.Л. Биологически активные вещества в растениеводстве (теория и практика применения). Киев, Наукова Думка, 1984, с. 202-204 1. Kalinin F.L. Biologically active substances in horticulture (theory and practice of application). Киев, Наукова Думка, 1984, p. 202-204
2. MD 2156 G2 2003.05.31 2. MD 2156 G2 2003.05.31
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| MDS20090122A MD153Z (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2009-07-01 | Process for treating chick pea seeds with reduced viability |
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| MDS20090122A MD153Z (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2009-07-01 | Process for treating chick pea seeds with reduced viability |
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| MD153Z MD153Z (en) | 2010-10-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD271Z (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-04-30 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for extraroot treatment of tomato plants |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD545Z (en) * | 2012-04-11 | 2013-05-31 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for treating tomato seeds with low viability |
| MD791Z (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-02-28 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for treating common wheat seeds with low viability |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD385C2 (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-06-30 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Tobacco chemical immunizer to the tobacco tronzing virus |
| MD1163G2 (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 1999-10-31 | Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for presowing carrots seeds treetment |
| MD2181G2 (en) * | 2001-07-24 | 2003-12-31 | Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Trioside-[(25S)-5a-furostan-3b,22a,26-triol]-26-O-b-D-glucopyranoside, increasing the formation of photosynthetic pigments |
| MD2156G2 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2003-11-30 | Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Proces for egg-plant growing for seeds |
| MD2688G2 (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2005-10-31 | Центр Растительных Генетических Ресурсов Молдовы Академии Наук Республики Молдова | Process for treating cucumber seeds with reduced viability |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MD271Z (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-04-30 | Институт Генетики, Физиологии И Защиты Растений Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for extraroot treatment of tomato plants |
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| MD153Z (en) | 2010-10-31 |
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