LU500135B1 - Concrete water discharge brake system - Google Patents

Abstract

A water discharge braking system for slowing a flow of water in a channel, stream or river, in which the system contains at least one concrete element (1), and in which this concrete element (1) consists of at least: - a concrete base (2); and - a first concrete dam (3), at least part of which (3A) is practically impermeable to water; wherein the element (1) is provided with a passage system (4) made of at least porous concrete which defines an interior chamber (40) for collecting water, and with a drainage system (40A) .

Description

BL-5240 LU500135 Concrete Water Discharge Braking System The present invention relates to a concrete water discharge braking system for slowing down and / or controlling water flow in a channel or stream or river , and / or to solve the water infiltration problem.

Document BE2009 / 0813 discloses a system for constructing a roadway or a path above a watercourse or a canal. This system uses a series of modules placed next to each other. Each module contains a series of parts, including: - a concrete lower part with a Vi-shaped cross section - partitions to slow the water flow, and - a closing part resting on the upper edges of the lower part .

This known system disrupts the essential functions of a canal or a river, by closing parts, which disturb the vegetation of the canal, as well as animal life. The slowing of the water flow is achieved by ordinary partitions. The sides of the channels are covered with concrete pieces. Correct placement of the modules is necessary to avoid accidents and also to block the flow of water. The lower part of a first module can sink in relative to the lower part of a second module, so that a partition can completely block the drainage of water. Inspection of this system is difficult. The water in the canal remains in the dark through the closing rooms, and is therefore less ventilated. This can lead to the growth of bacteria in standing water, such as bacteria from the Legionella family and / or the anaerobic family of bacteria.

The system according to BE2009 / 0813 requires the use of a large volume of concrete. The installation of the system is also time consuming and should be carried out by specialized professionals.

The system according to the invention aims to solve one or more of these problems. The system according to the invention in no way disturbs the

BL-5240 LU500135 essential functions of a canal, namely vegetation in the canal, animal life in the canal, water infiltration, water aeration, etc. The system according to the invention also serves as a means of solving the problem of flood zones, by improving the infiltration of water into the soil, and by controlling the flow of water, while retaining water, thereby allowing to keep wet areas even in times of drought, thus ensuring optimal permeability of the lower parts of a ditch or a river.

The system according to the invention is a water discharge braking system for slowing down and / or controlling the flow of water in a ditch, stream or river, which comprises a substantially vertical wall (3) intended to be placed in the ditch, stream or river, to create a dam in this ditch, stream or river (3), by dividing this ditch, stream or river in relation to this dam (3) into an upstream zone (OZ) and a downstream zone (AZ), in which the system comprises at least one concrete element (1), and in which said concrete element (1) consists of at least: - a plinth or base or plate (2) made of concrete, which is at least partially permeable to water, advantageously provided with one or a plurality of openings allowing the passage of water, said base (2) having a maximum length (LE) of 1m to 5m and a maximum width (BR) of 50cm to 2.5m; and - a first concrete dam (3), of which preferably at least a part (3A) is substantially impermeable, said first dam (3) being provided with at least one overflow system (3C); wherein the element (1) comprises and / or is provided with a passage system (4) made of at least porous concrete defining an interior chamber (40) for collecting water, the passage system (4) having an upper part made of porous concrete (41) with an upper surface (41B) of at least 100cm? which is located at a level below the level of the overflow system (3C), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane, this passage system (4) comprising a discharge system or discharge means ( 40A) for the discharge of water flowing into the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4), in which at least the upper part (41) of the passage system (4)

BL-5240 LU500135 porous concrete consists of a hardened porous concrete draining water, obtained by allowing to harden a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm, and water to achieve an open pore volume of 8-12% in the cured porous drainage concrete, or the cured porous drainage concrete has a water permeability of 0.05 liter / m? / s to 5 liters / m? / s, preferably from 0.1 liter / m? / s to 3 liters / m? / s, preferably between 0.1 and 1 liter / m? / s, where the water permeability is measured by lowering the water discharge braking system with the inner chamber (40) empty for the passage system (4), in a water tank (T) filled with water up to the level of the overflow system (3C ) of the dam (3) with the base (2) in a horizontal plane, and then determining the quantity of water that flows through the upper part made of porous concrete (41) in 30 seconds inside the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4).

The system contains at least one concrete element (1), this concrete element (1) consisting of at least: - a concrete base (2) (or plate), which is preferably at least partially permeable to water. water (for example, the plate 2 is provided with openings or hollow part 20), said base (2) having a maximum length (LE) of 1 m up to 5 m and has a maximum width (BR) of 50 cm to 2.5 m; and - a first concrete dam (3), of which preferably at least a part (3A) is substantially impermeable, said first dam (3) being provided with at least one overflow system (3C).

This element (1) is in the form of a part (mono block), which facilitates the installation of the element at the bottom of a canal or a river or a ditch.

The passage system (4) allows better control of the flow of water through an outlet system or pipe 70. The discharge of a minimum quantity of water no longer depends on an opening in a dam or an overflow opening, through which dirty water can flow, with a risk of clogging. In addition, by connecting this passage system (4) to an outlet pipe, the water can be further discharged, for example to another place in the canal or in the river, or

BL-5240 LU500135 in a pond. Since the water must flow through porous concrete, the water is quite clean. The porous draining concrete (41) serves as a filter element. In this way, the outlet pipe 70 remains clean for the flow of water. In the advantageous embodiments of the system according to the invention, the system has one or more of the following characteristics: * the upper surface (41B) of the upper part made of porous concrete (41) of the passage system is located at a level between 2 and 30 cm, preferably between 5 and 20 cm, below the level of the overflow system (3C), while advantageously the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is between 5 cm and 30 cm above the base (2), when said base (2) is in a horizontal plane. * the first concrete dam (3) comprises a substantially waterproof part (3A) and an upper part permeable to water (3B), the upper part permeable to water (3B) having a lower edge (3B1), and wherein the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is below the level of the lower edge of the water permeable member (3B) of the first dam (3).

* the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6) which rests on the base (2) to form a second dam (6), said second concrete wall (6) being distant from the first dam (3), the second wall having relative to the base (2) a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane. * the first dam (3) and / or the second concrete wall (6) are rectangular or trapezoidal.

* one or more lateral reinforcing elements extend between the first

BL-5240 LU500135 dam (3) and the second concrete wall (6), said side reinforcing elements preferably forming side walls connected to the base (2). * the first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4) and a second side (36) opposite the first side (35), in which at least along the first side (35) ) and / or along the second side (36), the braking system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (50) carried by the base (2), in which the reinforcing element (50,50bis) forms advantageously a step or a staircase along the first and / or the second side (35, 36), advantageously along both sides, of the first dam (3).

* at least one of the reinforcing elements (50, 50bis) contains an interior chamber (40) of the passage system (4), said interior chamber (40) being provided with a discharge means (40A) to allow water of the inner chamber (40) to flow through the first dam (3) and / or through the second reinforcement member and / or to a discharge pipe (70).

* the passage system (4) consists of at least (a) a first element (4bis) made at least partially of porous concrete and located along a first side (35) of the first dam (3), (b ) a second element (4ter) made at least partially of porous concrete located along a second side (36) of the first dam (3), and (c) a pipe, an opening or a porous part which forms a communication in the first barrier (3) between the first element (4bis) and the second element (4ter) of the passage system (4), said first and second elements (4bis, 4ter) preferably being similar.

* the passage system (4) is located along the first dam (3), in which the passage system (4) forms at least one step along the first dam (3) or is part of a staircase along of the first dam (3), wherein the discharge means (40A) of the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4) is a lateral opening extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first dam (3) , said discharge means being adapted to be coupled to a discharge pipe (70).

BL-5240 LU500135 * the first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4) and a second side (36) opposite to the first side (35), in which at least along the second side (36), the braking system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (51) adapted to rest on the plinth (2) of another water discharge braking system according to the invention adjacent to the braking system. considered braking, in which said reinforcing element (51) forms a step or a staircase along this second side (36) of the first dam (3).

* the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6) which rests on the base (2) to form a second dam (6), said second concrete wall (6) being distant from the first dam (3), the second concrete wall (6) having a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3), wherein the second concrete wall (6) is preferably adapted to form at least one step along a first dam (3) of a water discharge braking system according to the invention adjacent to the water discharge braking system considered.

* the base (2) is extended by a foot (21) next to the first dam (3) to form a support for the base (2) of an adjacent water drain braking system according to the invention, in wherein said foot (21) advantageously has a recess (210) adapted to receive one end of the pedestal of an adjacent water discharge braking system, in which particularly preferably the pedestal (2) has a substantially trapezoidal shape , with (a) a first end adjacent to the first dam (3) having a first width (B1), and (b) a second end opposite the first end with a second width (B2), said second width being at least 20 %, preferably at least 30% smaller than the first width, said recess (210) being adapted to receive the second opposite end of the pedestal (2) of the adjacent water discharge brake system.

* the base (2) is not provided with longitudinal sloping concrete walls intended to form the side faces of part of the ditch, canal, stream or river.

BL-5240 LU500135 * the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4) contains a drainage element (44) extending between a first end (44A) and a second end (44B), in which at least l 'one of said first and second ends (44A, 44B), preferably both first and second ends being provided with a connector (40A) for connecting this or these end (s) (44A, 44B) to a drain pipe (70) or drainage system or to a cover or closing cap.

* the first concrete dam (3) comprises a substantially water-impermeable part (3A) and an upper part permeable to water (3B), the upper part permeable to water (3B) having a lower edge ( 3B1), and wherein the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is above the level of the lower edge of the permeable part (3A) of the first dam (3). * the first dam (3) and / or the second concrete wall (6) is / are rectangular (s) or trapezoid (s).

* the first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4), and a second side (36) opposite to the first side (35), whereby at least along the first side (35) ) and / or along the second side (36), the braking system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (50) resting on the base or plate or plinth (2). This is advantageous for obtaining a solid element (1). This reinforcing element (50) can therefore be provided with anchoring elements for lifting the system according to the invention and placing the system on the bottom of a ditch. In addition, when the reinforcing member (50) extends along the side of the dam 3, the reinforcing member (50) acts as a means to prevent water from flowing along the edge (3R ) of the dam (3) near the bottom of the dam, ditch or near the base (2). The reinforcement element is also advantageous for the transport of water discharge braking systems by trucks, since the systems can be transported with the base (2) in a substantially vertical plane. * the reinforcing element (50) forms at least one step or a staircase

BL-5240 LU500135 along the first and / or second side (35,36). This is beneficial for safety. In fact, slowing down the evacuation of the water will cause the water level to rise, at least along dam 3. This step or staircase is then a tool allowing people and animals to exit the canal filled with water. . These stairs therefore ensure minimal disturbance for the animals by forming a dam (3) in the ditch, river or stream.

* the first dam (3) comprises two opposite sides (35,36), the first dam (3) being provided on both sides (35,36) with a reinforcing element (50,50bis) which forms a step or staircase. In this way, there is an exit way on both sides of the dam (3) for people and animals. This step or staircase is also beneficial for canal maintenance, as craftsmen or laborers can easily enter and exit a canal without damaging the sides of the canal floor.

* at least a first of the reinforcing elements (50, 50bis) contains an inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4), said inner chamber (40) being linked by a discharge means (40A) to prevent the water from the interior chamber (40) through the first dam (3) and / or by circulating the second reinforcing member and / or towards a drain pipe (70).

* the evacuation means (40A) is a pipe, an opening or a porous part passing through the first dam (3) to connect the internal chamber (40) of the upstream zone (OZ) of the first dam (3) with the zone downstream (AZ) from the dam (3).

* the passage system (4) consists of at least (a) a first element (4bis) made at least partially of porous concrete, which is located along a first side (35) of the first dam (3) , (b) a second at least partially porous concrete element (4ter) located along a second side 36 of the first dam (3), and (c) a pipe, an opening or a porous part (40A) forming a passage open in the first dam (3) between the first element (4bis) and the second

BL-5240 LU500135 element (4ter). In this way, water can flow between the internal chambers 40,40bis * the first element (4bis) and the second element (4ter) are similar, each element 4bis, 4ter containing a portion of porous concrete (41), each element (4bis, 4ter) defining an interior chamber (40, 40bis), and in which the internal chambers (40, 40bis) of the first element (4bis) and of the second element (4ter) are in communication through a tube, a opening or a porous part (40A) in the first dam (3). * the passage system (4) is located along the first dam (3), the passage system (4) forming at least one step along the first dam (3) or forming part of a staircase along the first dam (3).

* the base (2) is at least partly made of porous concrete and / or has one or more openings (20) through which water can flow. This makes it possible to reduce the pressure of the soil on the plinth (2) or base (2), but above all allows vegetation to grow through these openings, which is beneficial for maintaining good soil permeability, in particular under the plinth or base (2). * the outlet system 40A of the internal chamber (40) of the passage system (4) is a lateral opening capable of being connected to an outlet pipe (70). * the first dam (3) has (a) a first side (35) facing the passage system (4), and (b) a second side (36) opposite the first side (35), at least along the second side (36), the braking system (1) comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (51) suitable for resting on the base (2) of another adjacent water-discharge braking system according to the invention, said reinforcing element (51) forming a step or a staircase along this second side (36) of the dam (3).

* the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6,51) which rests on the base (2) to form a second dam (6), said

BL-5240 LU500135 second wall (6) being remote from the first dam (3), the second wall (6) has a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3). The base (2), the first wall or dam (3) and the second wall or dam (6) are part of a single concrete element (1).

* the second wall (6) is adapted to form at least one step along a first wall (3) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention. Said second wall (6) therefore serves as a means of reinforcing the first wall (3) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention. * the base (2) is extended by a base (21) next to the first wall (3) to form a support for the base (2) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention .

* the plinth or base (2) has a substantially trapezoidal shape, with (a) a first end adjacent to the first dam (3) with a first width (B1), and (b) a second end opposite the first end with a second width (B2), said second width being at least 20%, preferably at least 30% smaller than the first width. The second width (B2) is preferably equal to at least 50% of the first width B1, thus ensuring a ditch or river bottom zone, between adjacent systems not covered by a plinth or base (2), a suitable zone to vegetation.

* the base or extension (21) is provided with a hollow (210) capable of receiving the second end of an adjacent water discharge braking system.

* the first dam (3) has a porous part (3B) which is remote from the base (2). * The base or plinth (2) is a substantially flat concrete slab (2), which is not provided with inclined longitudinal concrete walls. The base 2 is intended to cover the bottom of the ditch. The system according to the invention is not provided with a concrete element to extend along the sides of the channel.

BL-5240 LU500135 * the inner chamber (40, 40bis) of the passage system (4) contains a drainage element (44). For example, the drainage element (44) is placed in the pouring box for porous concrete which does not flow into the drainage element. The internal chamber (40) of the drainage element (44) then forms the internal chamber (40) of the passage system (4). The drainage element (44) is, for example, a drainage pipe with a perforated wall, the outer surface of the pipe being provided with a textile or a layer of fibers or a water-permeable layer.

* the drain element (44) extends between a first end 44A and a second end 44B, at least one of said first and second ends being provided with a coupling piece for coupling this end to a pipe of evacuation 70. The outlet pipe 70 is, for example, located next to the channel (for example in a layer of soil or under the bottom of the channel, at a level below the level of its base or its plinth (2)) . This pipe may, if necessary, be provided with perforations to ensure water infiltration into the soil adjacent to the ditch or river.

* the two ends 44A, 44B are provided with a coupling part 40A, each capable of connecting to a discharge pipe 70 and / or to a sealing means 71 or sealing cover.

* The drainage element 44 includes an inlet opening and an outlet opening, the drainage element 44 being part of a water flow system 70.

- The water discharge braking system consists of a series of adjacent water discharge braking systems according to the invention. The water drain braking system according to the invention can also include a series of braking systems not in accordance with the invention. The braking systems not in accordance with the invention are, for example, systems according to the invention without the passage system (4).

BL-5240 LU500135 The invention also relates to the use of one or more water discharge braking systems according to the invention in a ditch, stream or river to slow the flow of water, while preserving the sides of the soil for the ditch, and for increasing water infiltration into the soil.

Details and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the following description, in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings of advantageous embodiments of the invention.

In these drawings, show: - Figure 1 a side view of a water discharge braking system according to the invention; - Figure 2 a front view of the system of Figure 1 (line II-II); - Figure 3 a cross-sectional view of the system of Figure 1 along line III-III; - Figure 4 a top view of the system of Figure 1; - Figure 5 a sectional view of two adjacent systems of Figure 1 3 - Figure 6 a top view of Figure 5; - Figure 7 a cross-sectional view of a channel with the system of Figure 6; FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the method in which the permeability to water is measured; - Figure 9 a side view of another embodiment according to the invention; - Figure 10 a top view of the embodiment of Figure 9; Figure 11 a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 9 along the line XI-XI; - Figure 12 a front view of the embodiment of Figure 9; - Figure 13 a side view of a series of adjacent systems according to Figure 9; - Figure 14 a view of a support plate of a truck loaded with systems according to Figure 9; - Figure 15 a side view of yet another embodiment

BL-5240 LU500135 according to the invention; - Figure 16 a top view of the embodiment of Figure 15: - Figure 17 a side view of two systems according to Figure 15 which are located one next to the other; FIG. 18 is a perspective view of another additional embodiment according to the invention; - Figure 19 a side view of the systems according to Figure 18; - Figure 20 a sectional view of Figure 19 along the line XX- XX: - Figure 21 a view of a mold for obtaining a passage system after pouring and hardening of a porous concrete; - Figure 22 a perspective view of a passage system; - Figure 23 a top view of a mold for producing a system according to the invention, - Figure 24 a sectional view of the mold of Figure 23 along the line XXIV - XXIV, - Figure 25 a view in perspective of a water evacuation braking system with two trapezoidal dam walls; - Figure 26 a side view of the braking system of Figure 25; - Figure 27 a top view of an additional water discharge braking system with two trapezoidal barrier walls; - Figures 28 and 29 are sectional views of the braking system of Figure 27 along lines XX VIII-XXVIII and XXIX-XXIX; and - Figure 30 is a side view of the braking system of Figure

27.

In these figures and the description thereof, the same reference signs are used to designate elements which are similar or have equivalent functions.

FIG. 1 shows a water evacuation braking system according to the invention. This system comprises a substantially vertical wall (3) which is intended to be placed in the ditch, stream or river to form a dam or partition (3) in this ditch, stream or river, thus dividing this ditch, this stream or this

BL-5240 LU500135 river, in relation to this dam or wall (3) in an upstream zone (OZ) and a downstream zone (AZ).

The system contains at least one concrete element (1), this concrete element (1) consisting of at least: - a base or a plinth (2) (or even a plate - in this specification base or plinth is used to denote the same part of the system of the invention intended to rest on the bottom of the ditch, river or stream) made of concrete at least partially permeable to water (for example, the plate or base 2 is provided with openings or hollow parts 20 - this is advantageous because it allows to reduce the weight, but above all it ensures that the bottom of the ditch is less disturbed by the plinth 2, allowing the growth of vegetation, grass, etc. and ensuring good permeability of the soil to the soil. vicinity and under the plinth 2), said base or said plinth (2) having a maximum length (LE) of 1 m to 5 m and has a maximum width (BR) of 50 cm to 2.5 m; and - a first concrete dam (3), at least part of which (3A) is substantially impermeable, said first dam (3) being provided with at least one overflow system (3C).

This single concrete block element (1) can thus be loaded onto a truck for transport to the place where the element must be placed in order to form at least one dam (3), thanks to which the flow of water can be slowed down.

This element (1) is in the form of a concrete part, which facilitates the installation of the element at the bottom of a canal or a river.

The element (1) comprises and / or is provided with a passage system (4) made at least of porous concrete by defining an interior chamber (40) for collecting water, the passage system (4) having an upper part (41) of porous concrete with an area of at least 100 cm? located at a distance (d) of at least 20 cm below the level of the overflow system (3C), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane, this passage system comprising a drainage system 'water of

BL-5240 LU500135 drainage flowing into the internal chamber (40) of the passage system (4). The passage system (4) serves as a means to achieve a minimum water discharge for the water retained by a dam.

This passage system (4) makes it possible, for example, to better control the water flow via an outlet system or pipe 70. The discharge of a minimum quantity of water no longer depends on an opening in a dam or on an overflow opening, through which dirty water can flow, with a risk of clogging. In addition, the water can be evacuated further from the dam 3 by connecting this passage system (4) to an evacuation pipe (70), for example to a place downstream of the canal or the river, or in a pond or water reservoir downstream.

Since the water must flow through porous concrete, the water is quite clean.

In the system according to the invention, the upper part (41) of the passage system (4) made of porous concrete consists of a hardened porous draining concrete, this water-draining concrete being produced by the hardening of a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water to obtain an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the cured porous draining concrete, the cured porous draining concrete having water permeability water from 0.05 liter / m? / s up to 5 liters / m? / s inclusive, preferably from 0.1 liter / m? / s to 3 liters / m? / s, preferably between 0.1 and 1 liter / m ° / s, the water permeability being measured by lowering the water discharge brake system (1) with an inner chamber (40) empty for the passage system (4) in a tank filled with water to the level (PT) of the overflow system (3C) of the dam (3) with the bottom (2) extending in a horizontal plane, then determining the amount of water passing through of the upper part (41) in concrete porous in 30 seconds towards the interior of the internal chamber (40) of the passage system (4). (see fig. 8) This porous draining concrete (41) serves as a filter element. In this way, the outlet pipe 70 remains clean for the flow of water.

BL-5240 LU500135 The first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4), and a second side (36) opposite the first side (35), at least along the first side ( 35) and / or along the second side (36), the braking system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (50, 50bis) which rests on the base or plate (2). This is advantageous for obtaining a solid element (1). This reinforcing element (50) can therefore be provided with anchoring elements (80) to lift the system according to the invention and place the system on the bottom of a ditch.

In addition, when the reinforcing member (50) extends along the side of the dam 3, the reinforcing member (50) acts as a means to prevent lateral flow of water along the edge (3R ) of the dam (3) near the bottom of the ditch or near the base (2). The reinforcement element (50, 50bis) is also advantageous for the transport of water discharge braking systems by trucks, since the systems can be transported with the base (2) in a substantially vertical plane.

The reinforcing element (50, 50bis) forms at least one step or a staircase along the first and / or the second side (35, 36). This is beneficial for safety.

Indeed, slowing down the evacuation of the water will cause the water level to rise at least along one side of the dam 3. This step or staircase is then a tool allowing people and animals to exit the filled ditch. of water.

These stairs therefore ensure minimal disturbance for the animals by forming a dam (3) in the ditch, river or stream.

The first dam (3) has two opposite sides (35, 36), the first dam (3) being provided along both sides (35, 36) with a reinforcing element (50, 50bis) which forms a step or a stair.

In this way, there is an exit way on both sides of the dam (3) for people and animals.

This step or staircase is also beneficial for canal maintenance, as tradesmen or laborers can easily enter and exit a ditch without damaging the earth slopes of the ditch.

BL-5240 LU500135 In the embodiment of figure 1, the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6, 51) resting on the base (2) to form a second dam (6), said second wall (6) being remote from the first dam (3), wherein the second wall (6) has a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3). The base (2), the first wall or dam (3) and the second wall or dam (6) are part of a single concrete element (1). The first dam and the second dam 6 can be provided with anchoring means (80) to facilitate the lifting and the installation of the system in a ditch.

The second wall (6) is adapted to form at least one step along a first wall (3) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention. Said second wall (6) therefore serves as a means of reinforcing the first wall (3) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention.

The base or plate (2) is extended by a foot (21) next to the first wall (3). This foot forms a support for the base (2) of an adjacent water discharge braking system according to the invention.

The concrete base (2) has a substantially trapezoidal shape, with (a) a first end adjacent to the first dam (3) with a first width (B1), and (b) a second end opposite the first end with a second width (B2), said second width being at least 20%, preferably at least 30% smaller than the first width.

The base (21) has a recess (210) which is adapted to receive the second end of an adjacent water discharge brake system. The installation of adjacent systems is then facilitated.

The first dam (3) has a porous part (3B) which is distant from the base (2). This part 3B is located for example under the opening of the overflow 3C.

BL-5240 LU500135 The base or slab 2 is a substantially flat concrete slab (2), which is not provided with inclined longitudinal concrete walls. Slab 2 is intended to cover the bottom of the ditch. The system according to the invention is advantageously not provided with a concrete element to extend along the sides of the channel or ditch.

The inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4) (which extends along the second dam 6) contains a drainage element (44). For example, the drainage element (44) is placed in the pouring box for porous concrete which does not flow into the drainage element. The internal chamber (40) of the drainage element (44) then forms the internal chamber (40) of the passage system (4). The drainage element (44) is, for example, a drainage pipe with a perforated wall, the outer surface of the pipe being provided with a textile or a layer of fibers or a water-permeable layer. .

The drainage member (44) extends between a first end 44A and a second end 44B, at least one of said first and second ends having a coupling for coupling that end to a drain pipe 70. The pipe d The drain 70 is, for example, located next to the channel (for example in a layer of soil or under the bottom of the ditch, at a level below the level of its base (2).

The base (2) is at least partly made of porous concrete and / or has one or more openings (20) through which water can flow. These openings 20 are preferably located in the central part of the plate 2. The size of these openings is for example adapted to the growth of plants. The presence of plants at the bottom of the canal is beneficial for water infiltration. These holes or perforations, for example with an equivalent diameter of 5 to 10 cm, ensure stability and additional anchoring of the base on the bottom of a ditch or a river, for example by reducing the pressure of the soil on the base by a rise in the water level in the soil.

The two ends 44A, 44B of the drainage pipe 44 are provided with a connector 40A, each adapted to connect to a discharge pipe 70 and / or to a sealing means 71 or sealing cover.

BL-5240 LU500135 The dam 3 is preferably wider than the plate 2, which is advantageous to prevent the lateral flow of water. This is also beneficial for the stability of the soil on the side of the ditch.

In the embodiment of Figures 5 to 7, the passage systems of several braking systems are connected to a single discharge pipe 70. The discharge pipe 70 is laid below the level of the plates 2. This pipe 70 then carries the water to a pond, river, water tank, etc.

The embodiment of Figures 9 to 13 is similar to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 7.

In this embodiment, the plate or base 2 is rectangular. Plate 2 has a single dam (3). The dam is provided with a passage system 4bis, 4ter along the two opposite sides 35, 36. The passage systems 4bis, 4ter are similar and communicate via an internal tube 40A.

The brake systems can be placed next to each other, so that a plate 2 of a first system can rest on a plate 2 of a second system. The plate 2 and the dam 3 are provided with anchoring means (80) for displacement and lifting systems.

Figure 14 shows the installation of the systems according to figure 14 on a V truck. The systems (in vertical position) can be placed on top of each other for transport.

In the embodiment of Figures 15 to 17, the openings 20 are substantially rectangular.

In the embodiment of Figure 18, the drainage member 44 includes an inlet opening 44A and an outlet opening 44B, the drainage member 44 being part of a water flow system 70.

BL-5240 LU500135 In the embodiment of Figure 19, the systems are located side by side, without the plate of one system resting on the plate 2 of another system.

Figure 20 is a sectional view of a ditch provided with the systems of Figure 19.

The passage system 4 can be achieved by placing a drainage pipe 44 (closed at both ends 44A, 44B by means of a removable cover 71) in a mold 100. Next, porous concrete is poured into the mold so that the drainage tube 44 is inserted into a layer of porous concrete 101.

For example, a casting mold 200 is used to form the first dam 3, the plate 2 and the second dam 6 of the system according to figure 1. After placing the passage system of figure 22 in the mold of figure 24 in cavity 22 concrete is poured into mold 200. After minimal hardening of the poured concrete, the system can be lifted.

Figure 25 shows an additional water discharge braking system for slowing a flow of water in a ditch, stream or river, which contains a substantially vertical wall (3) for placement in the ditch, stream or the river, to form in this ditch or stream or river a dam (3), in which this ditch, stream or river is divided with respect to this dam (3) into an upstream zone (OZ) and a zone downstream (AZ).

The braking system contains at least one concrete element (1), consisting of at least: - a substantially waterproof concrete base (2), said base (2) having a maximum length (LE) of 1 m to 5 m and a maximum width (BR) of 50 cm to 2.5 m; - a first trapezoidal dam (3) made of concrete, at least part of which (3A) is substantially impermeable, while the upper part (3B) is permeable to water, said first dam (3) being provided with at least

BL-5240 LU500135 an overflow system (3C) (upper edge of the upper part 3B), and - a second trapezoidal concrete dam (6) substantially impermeable.

The base 2 carries an at least porous concrete passage system (4) defining an interior chamber (40) for collecting water, the passage system (4) comprising a porous concrete upper part (41) having a surface upper (41B) of at least at least 100cm? which is below the level of the overflow system (3C), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane, this passage system comprising an evacuation system or flow means (40A) for evacuating the water entering the interior chamber (40) of the passage system (4).

At least the upper part (41) of the passage system (4) made of porous concrete consists of a hardened porous concrete draining water which is produced by hardening a mixture of at least cement, aggregates of a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water to obtain an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the hardened porous draining concrete. The cured porous draining concrete has a water permeability of 0.05 liter / m? / S to 5 liter / m? / S, preferably 0.1 liter / m? / S to 3 liter / m? / s, preferably between 0.1 and 1 liter / m? / s, where this water permeability is measured by lowering the water discharge brake system with an empty inner chamber (40) for the passage system (4), in a water tank (T) filled with water up to the level of the overflow system (3C) of the dam (3) with the base (2) in a horizontal plane, then determining the quantity of water flowing through the upper part (41) of porous concrete in 30 seconds inside the interior chamber (40) of the passage system (4).

The water-permeable upper part 3B is also made of a cured porous water-draining concrete which is prepared by curing a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water to achieve an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the cured porous draining concrete. The hardened porous draining concrete has a water permeability of 0.05 liter / m? / S at 5

BL-5240 LU500135 liters / m 2 / s, preferably from 0.1 liter / m 2 / s to 3 liters / m 2 / s, preferably between 0.1 and 1 liter / m 2 / s. The water permeability of the wall 3 is measured by closing the open side walls between the walls 3 and 6, by closing the drain means 40A, and by placing the brake system in a water tank filled with water. up to the overflow edge 3C of dam 3 (the base is in a horizontal plane). The quantity of water which passes through the porous dam 3 in 30 seconds is then determined.

The amount of water flowing through the dam in 30 seconds (as measured as described above) is preferably between 2 and 5 times greater than the amount of water flowing through the discharge means ( 40A) in 30 seconds (as measured as described above).

As the water flows from the stream to Dam 3, the water level in the upstream zone (OZ) of Dam 3 will increase. The water then flows through the upper water-permeable part (3B) of the dam 3 in the intermediate zone formed between the dam 3 and the wall 6. The water level then rises more quickly in the upstream zone. than in the intermediate zone. The water in the intermediate zone then flows via the discharge means 40A. The wall 6 then forms a second barrier to slow down the evacuation of water. The water level in the intermediate zone rises in relation to the water level in the downstream zone (AZ) after wall 6.

With such a water evacuation braking system, the water flow is slowed down by the water-permeable barrier 3, by the wall 6 forming an impermeable barrier, and by the passage system 4. The infiltration water in the ground is still possible, for example in the intermediate zone.

The upper surface (41B) is between 2 and 30 cm, preferably between 5 and 20 cm, below the level of the overflow system (3C).

The passage system 4 may have a side which extends along the wall 6 to form a reinforcing element for this wall.

6.

BL-5240 LU500135 The discharge system or discharge medium (40A) is located between 5 cm and 30 cm above the base (2), when this base (2) is in a horizontal plane.

The first concrete dam (3) comprises a substantially water-impermeable part (3A) and an upper water-permeable part (3B), the upper water-permeable part (3B) having a lower edge (3B1 ), and the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is above the level of the lower edge (3B1) of the water-permeable part (3A) of the first dam (3). The braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6) resting on the base (2) to form a second dam (6), said second wall (6) being distant from the first dam (3), the second wall 6 has a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3) (for example from 5 to 10 cm). The height of the wall 6 can also be equal to the height of the dam 3. The embodiment of Figures 27 to 30 is similar to the embodiment of Figures 25 and 26, except for a few modifications: - the passage system 4 is located next to the wall 6 and forms a reinforcing element for this wall 6; - Inclined side walls 25, 26 extend between the first dam (3) and the second concrete wall (6), said side walls forming lateral reinforcing elements. These side walls are connected to the base 2. These side elements preferably form side walls connected to the base (2). These side walls are preferably made of impermeable concrete. These side walls have a greater height along the dam 3 and the wall 6. For example, a stair system 251, 261 is formed along the wall 6 and / or the dam 3.

Claims (17)

BL-5240 LU500135 CLAIMS 1. Water discharge braking system for slowing down and / or controlling the flow of water in a ditch, stream or river, which comprises a substantially vertical wall (3) intended to be placed in the ditch, the stream or river, to create a dam in this ditch, stream or river (3), by dividing this ditch, stream or river with respect to this dam (3) into an upstream zone (OZ) and a zone downstream (AZ), in which the system comprises at least one concrete element (1), and in which said concrete element (1) consists of at least: - a concrete base (2), which is at least partially permeable to water, advantageously provided with one or a plurality of openings allowing the passage of water, said base (2) having a maximum length (LE) of 1m to Sm and a maximum width (BR) from 50cm to 2.5m; and - a first concrete dam (3), of which preferably at least a part (3A) is substantially impermeable, said first dam (3) being provided with at least one overflow system (3C); wherein the element (1) comprises and / or is provided with a passage system (4) made of at least porous concrete defining an interior chamber (40) for collecting water, the passage system (4) having an upper part made of porous concrete (41) with an upper surface (41B) of at least 100cm? which is located at a level below the level of the overflow system (3C), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane, this passage system (4) comprising a discharge system or discharge means ( 40A) for the discharge of water flowing into the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4), in which at least the upper part (41) of the passage system (4) of porous concrete is made of a hardened porous concrete draining water, obtained by allowing to harden a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm, and water to obtain an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in cured porous drainage concrete, where the cured porous drainage concrete has a water permeability of 0.05 liter / m? / S to 5 liters / m? / S, preferably 0.1 liter / m? / s to 3 liters / m? / s, preferably between 0.1 and 1 liter / m? / s, where the water permeability is measured by lowering the water discharge brake system with the BL-5240 LU500135 inner chamber (40) empty for the passage system (4), in a water tank (T) filled with water up to the level of the overflow system (3C) of the dam (3) with the plinth (2) in a horizontal plane, and then by determining the quantity of water which flows through the upper part made of porous concrete (41) in 30 seconds inside the interior chamber (40) of the passage system (4). 2. Water discharge braking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper surface (41B) of the upper part made of porous concrete (41) of the passage system is located at a level between 2 and 30 cm. , preferably between 5 and 20 cm, below the level of the overflow system (3C), while advantageously the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is between 5 cm and 30 cm above the plinth (2), when said base (2) is in a horizontal plane. 3. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first concrete dam (3) comprises a substantially waterproof part (3A) and an upper part permeable to water. 'water (3B), the upper water-permeable part (3B) having a lower edge (3B1), and in which the discharge system or discharge means (40A) is below the level of the lower edge of the 'water-permeable element (3B) of the first dam (3). 4. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6) which rests on the base (2) to form a second dam ( 6), said second concrete wall (6) being distant from the first dam (3), the second wall having a height relative to the base (2) which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3), when the base (2) is in a horizontal plane. 5. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the BL-5240 LU500135 first dam (3) and / or the second concrete wall (6) are rectangular or trapezoidal. 6. Water discharge braking system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that one or more lateral reinforcing elements extend between the first dam (3) and the second concrete wall (6), said side reinforcing elements preferably forming side walls connected to the base (2). 7. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4) and a second side ( 36) opposite to the first side (35), in which at least along the first side (35) and / or along the second side (36), the brake system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (50) carried by the base (2), in which the reinforcing element (50,50bis) advantageously forms a step or a staircase along the first and / or the second side (35, 36), advantageously along both sides, of the first dam (3). 8. Water discharge braking system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that at least one of the reinforcing elements (50, 50bis) contains an inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4), said inner chamber (40) being provided with discharge means (40A) to allow water from the inner chamber (40) to flow through the first dam (3) and / or through the second reinforcement member and / or to a drain pipe (70). 9. Water discharge braking system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the passage system (4) consists at least of (a) a first element (4a) made at least partially of porous concrete and located along a first side (35) of the first dam (3), (b) a second element (4ter) made at least partially of porous concrete located along a second side (36) of the first dam (3 ), and (c) a pipe, an opening or a porous part which forms a communication in the first dam (3) between the first element (4bis) and the second element (4ter) of the BL-5240 LU500135 passage (4), said first and second elements (4bis, 4ter) preferably being similar. 10. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage system (4) is located along the first dam (3), wherein the passage system (4) forms at least one step along the first dam (3) or is part of a staircase along the first dam (3), in which the discharge means (40A) of the inner chamber (40) of the passage system ( 4) is a lateral opening extending in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first dam (3), said discharge means being adapted to be coupled to a discharge pipe (70). 11. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first dam (3) has a first side (35) facing the passage system (4) and a second side ( 36) opposite to the first side (35), in which at least along the second side (36), the braking system comprises at least one concrete reinforcing element (51) adapted to rest on the base (2) of another water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims adjacent to the considered braking system, wherein said reinforcing member (51) forms a step or a staircase along this second side (36) of the first dam (3). 12. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the braking system comprises a second concrete wall (6) which rests on the base (2) to form a second dam ( 6), said second concrete wall (6) being remote from the first dam (3), the second concrete wall (6) having a height which is preferably less than the height of the first dam (3), in which the second concrete wall (6) is preferably adapted to form at least one step along a first dam (3) of a water discharge brake system according to any one of the preceding claims adjacent to the brake system of water discharge considered. BL-5240 LU500135 13. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base (2) is extended by a foot (21) next to the first dam (3) to form a support for the base (2) of an adjacent water drain braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said foot (21) advantageously has a recess (210) adapted to receive one end of the pedestal of a system adjacent water discharge brake, in which particularly preferably, the pedestal (2) has a substantially trapezoidal shape, with (a) a first end adjacent to the first dam (3) having a first width (B1), and (b) a second end opposite the first end with a second width (B2), said second width being at least 20%, preferably at least 30% smaller than the first width, said recess (210) being adapted to receive the second opposite end of the plinth (2) adjacent water discharge brake system. 14. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base (2) is not provided with longitudinal sloping concrete walls intended to form lateral faces of a part. of the ditch, canal, stream or river. 15. Water discharge braking system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner chamber (40) of the passage system (4) contains a drainage element (44) extending between a first end (44A) and second end (44B), wherein at least one of said first and second ends (44A, 44B), preferably both first and second ends being provided with a connector (40A) ) to connect this or these end (s) (44A, 44B) to a drain pipe (70) or drain system or to a cover or closing cap. BL-5240 LU500135 16. A water discharge braking system comprising a series of adjacent water discharge braking systems according to any preceding claim. 17. Use of one or more water discharge braking systems according to any preceding claim in a ditch, canal, stream or river to slow and / or control the flow of water and to increase water infiltration into the soil.