LU102604B1 - Method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance - Google Patents
Method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance Download PDFInfo
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- LU102604B1 LU102604B1 LU102604A LU102604A LU102604B1 LU 102604 B1 LU102604 B1 LU 102604B1 LU 102604 A LU102604 A LU 102604A LU 102604 A LU102604 A LU 102604A LU 102604 B1 LU102604 B1 LU 102604B1
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- common vetch
- manure
- feeding
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides a method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance: using a straw returning machine or rotary tiller to bury the remaining 20 cm common vetch stubbles under the farmland soil, and ensuring a burial depth of the common vetch stubbles of 10-15 cm, so as to achieve a stubble mulching effect. The present disclosure integrates common vetch ground mowing and feeding with stubble burying and mulching technology. In one aspect, 20 cm high common vetch stubbles are mown and stored by a baler to feed animals in stockbrecding; in another aspect, the remaining 20 em common vetch stubbles are mulched to improve soil microhabitats of buried straw layer, including microbial community, moisture, temperature, porosity, pH value, and nutrient content, to accelerate the decomposition of the common vetch stubbles; meanwhile, rainfalls during the fallow period can be fully accepted and wind erosion can be prevented, finally realizing the objectives of efficient feeding and use of common vetch stalks and soil fertilization.
Description
METHOD FOR COMMON VETCH FEEDING, STUBBLE MULCHING AND LANDU102604
TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to the technical field of green manure mulching and land maintenance, and in particular to a method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance.
BACKGROUND Common vetch is a biofertilizer source with complete nutrients. Planting common vetch is not only an cffective way 10 increase the fertilizer source, but also has a substantial effect on soil improvement. However, to give full play to the fertilizing and yield increasing effects of the common vetch, reasonable application must be achieved.
The common vetch has the advantages of improving the soil environment, increasing soil nutrients, and regulating the microclimate. However, it is difficult to decompose common vetches fully or directly in stubble mulching, which affects the seeding and emergence of crops in the next year; especially in arid areas, due to low rainfall, dry surface soil is more unfavorable to the decomposition of common vetch stalks, and seriously affects the operability and utilization rate of the mulching of the green manure crop common vetch.
SUMMARY In order to solve the above problems, an objective of the present disclosure is to provide a method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance. By integrating common vetch ground mowing and feeding with stubble burying and mulching technology. soil microhabitats of the buried straw layer of the common vetch stubbles may be improved, including microbial community, moisture, temperature, porosity, pH value, and nutrient content; moreover, the method may make full use of the rainfall and light and heat resources in the fallow period. and solve the problems about the existing common vetch straw burying and mulching technology and the shortage of forage in stockbreeding.
The above objective of the present disclosure is achieved by the following technical solution: The present disclosure includes the following steps: $1: harvesting of common vetch: using a straw silage packing machine to reap aboveground parts of common vetches more than 20 cm above the ground; $2: common vetch silage storage: use a baler to pack and store the reaped common vetches to feed animals in stockbreeding: and $3: common vetch stubble mulching: using a straw returning machine or rotary tiller to bury the remaining 20 em common vetch stubbles under the farmland soil, and ensuring a burial depth of the common vetch stubbles of 10-15 cm, so as to achieve a stubble mulching effect.
1
As an improvement, in step S3, a bio manure may be mixed while burying the common Le@r604 stubbles.
Preferably. the bio manure may be prepared from animal manure, carbon residue, sawdust, distiller’s grains, sodium tetraborate, urea. ground phosphate rock, phosphate, ferrous sulfate, humic acid, and ammonium sulfate.
Specifically, a manufacturing method of the bio manure may include the following steps: S1: putting the animal manure, carbon residue, sawdust. and distiller's grains into a container for mixing, adjusting the mixture in the mixing container to pH 7.2. and fermenting for 10 days; and S2: after fermentation, proceeding with precipitation treatment, removing a supernatant after precipitation, adding sodium tetraborate, urea, ground phosphate rock, phosphate, ferrous sulfate, humic acid. and ammonium sulfate, and using a pressure blower for forced air supply, obtaining a decomposed manure 10 days after high-temperature aerobic biological fermentation, and crushing the decomposed manure to obtain the bio manure.
Specifically, each bio manure may include 60-70% by weight of the animal manure, 3-6% by weight of the carbon residue. 3-6% by weight of the sawdust, 3-6% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2-4% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 4-8% by weight of the urea, 1-2% by weight of the ground phosphate rock, 2-3% by weight of the phosphate, 2-3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate, 3-5% by weight of the humic acid, and 3-5% by weight of the ammonium sulfate.
Preferably. cach bio manure may include 65% by weight of the animal manure, 5% by weight of the carbon residue, 5% by weight of the sawdust, 5% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 5% by weight of the urea, 1% by weight of the ground phosphate rock, 2% by weight of the phosphate. 3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate, 3% by weight of the humic acid, and 4% by weight of the ammonium sulfate.
The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects: The present disclosure is a method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance. Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure integrates common vetch ground mowing and feeding with stubble burying and muiching technology. In one aspect, 20 cm high common vetch stubbles are mown and stored by a baler to feed animals in stockbreeding; in another aspect, the remaining 20 cm common vetch stubbles are mulched to improve soil microhabitats of buried straw layer, including microbial community, moisture, temperature, porosity, pH value, and nutrient content, to accelerate the decomposition of the common vetch stubbles; meanwhile, rainfalls during the fallow period can be fully accepted and wind erosion can be prevented, finally realizing the objectives of efficient feeding and use of common vetch stalks and soil fertilization.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present disclosure will be further described below: 2
The present disclosure includes the following steps: LU102604 $1: harvesting of common vetch: using a straw silage packing machine to reap aboveground parts of common vetches more than 20 cm above the ground; $2: common vetch silage storage: use a baler to pack and store the reaped common vetches to feed animals in stockbreeding; and 83: common vetch stubble mulching: using a straw returning machine or rotary tiller to bury the remaining 20 cm common vetch stubbles under the farmland soil, and ensuring a burial depth of the common vetch stubbles of 10-15 cm, so as to achieve a stubble mulching effect.
As an improvement, in step S3. a bio manure may be mixed while burying the common vetch stubbles.
Preferably, the bio manure may be prepared from animal manure. carbon residue, sawdust, distillers grains, sodium tetraborate, urea, ground phosphate rock, phosphate, ferrous sulfate, humic acid, and ammonium sulfate.
Specifically, a manufacturing method of the bio manure may include the following steps: S1: putting the animal manure. carbon residue, sawdust, and distiller's grains into a container for mixing, adjusting the mixture in the mixing container to pH 7.2, and fermenting for 10 days; and S2: after fermentation, proceeding with precipitation treatment, removing a supernatant after precipitation, adding sodium tetraborate, urea, ground phosphate rock, phosphate. ferrous sulfate, humic acid. and ammonium sulfate, and using a pressure blower for forced air supply, obtaining a decomposed manure 10 days after high-temperature aerobic biological fermentation, and crushing the decomposed manure to obtain the bio manure.
Specifically, each bio manure may include 60-70% by weight of the animal manure, 3-6% by weight of the carbon residue, 3-6% by weight of the sawdust, 3-6% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2-4% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 4-8% by weight of the urea, 1-2% by weight of the ground phosphate rock, 2-3% by weight of the phosphate, 2-3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate, 3-5% by weight of the humic acid, and 3-5% by weight of the ammonium sulfate.
Preferably. each bio manure may include 65% by weight of the animal manure, 5% by weight of the carbon residue, 5% by weight of the sawdust, 5% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 5% by weight of the urea, 1% by weight of the ground phosphate rock, 2% by weight of the phosphate, 3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate. 3% by weight of the humic acid, and 4% by weight of the ammonium sulfate.
The bio manure of the present disclosure has high nutrient content and meets the NY 525-2012 standard. The mass fraction of organic matter is >55%; total primary nutrient (N+P205+K20} is >9%; the moisture content is <20%. with 6.5 < pH < 7.5. The inorganic nutrient content is 65% and the organic nutrient content is 31%, both of which meet the GB/T 18877-2009 standard for compound 3 fertilizers and the NY/T 798-2015 standard for compound microbial fertilizers. LU102604 In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in step $1, in the northwest irrigation area, there are abundant light and heat resources after the spring wheat is harvested. In addition, the rainfall in this area is concentrated from July to September. Therefore, after the spring wheat is harvested, rushing to seed and plant common vetches while the soil is moist not only achieves the utilization of light, heat and water resources, but also achieves the objective of crop rotation, creating a suitable growth environment for succeeding crops.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in step S2, 20 em high common vetch stubbles are mown and stored by a baler to feed animals in stockbreeding, solving the problem of shortage of forage in stockbreeding.
In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in step S3, the remaining 20 cm stubble burying and mulching after mowing the common vetches may improve soil microhabitats of buried stubble and straw layer, including microbial community. moisture, temperature, porosity, and pH value and prevent wind erosion, creating good environmental conditions for succeeding crop production.
By rushing to plant common vetches while the soil is moist after harvesting the spring wheat, the fresh forage yield of common vetches may reach above 8,000 kg/hm?, of which above 6,000 kg/hm” common vetches are used for mowing to fecd animals, and the remaining 2,000 kg/hm° stubbles and straws are mulched to improve the physicochemical properties of 0-20 cm arable layer; compared with the tarmland soil without planting common vetches, soil bulk density decreases by 5.9%, soil porosity increases by 7.0%: after common vetch planting and stubble mulching. organic matter increases by 6.3%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (N) increases by 4.7%, and available phosphorus (P) increases by 17.9%.
The above shows and illustrates the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present disclosure. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the present disclosure is not limited by the foregoing embodiment, the foregoing embodiment and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present disclosure; the present disclosure may have various variations and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these variations and improvements shall fall within the scope of the claimed present disclosure. The claimed scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereol.
4
Claims (6)
1. A method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance, comprising the following steps: S1: harvesting of common vetch: using a straw silage packing machine to reap aboveground parts of common vetches more than 20 em above the ground; $2: common vetch silage storage: use a baler to pack and store the reaped common vetches to feed animals in stockbreeding; and $3: common vetch stubble mulching: using a straw returning machine or rotary tiller to bury the remaining 20 cm common vetch stubbles under the farmland soil, and ensuring a burial depth of the common vetch stubbles of 10-15 cm, so as to achieve a stubble mulching effect.
2. The method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance according to claim 1, wherein in step S3. a bio manure is mixed while burying the common vetch stubbles.
3. The method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance according to claim 2. wherein the bio manure is prepared from animal manure, carbon residue, sawdust, distiller’s grains. sodium tetraborate, urea, ground phosphate rock, phosphate, ferrous sulfate, humic acid. and ammonium sulfate.
4. The method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance according to claim 3. wherein a manufacturing method of the bio manure comprises the following steps: S1: putting the animal manure, carbon residue, sawdust, and distiller's grains into a container for mixing. adjusting the mixture in the mixing container to pH 7.2. and fermenting for 10 days; and $2: after fermentation. proceeding with precipitation treatment, removing a supernatant after precipitation, adding sodium tetraborate, urea, ground phosphate rock, phosphate, ferrous sulfate, humic acid, and ammonium sulfate, and using a pressure blower for forced air supply. obtaining a decomposed manure 10 days after high-temperature aerobic biological fermentation, and crushing the decomposed manure to obtain the bio manure.
5. The for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance according to claim 3, wherein each bio manure comprises 60-70% by weight of the animal manure, 3-6% by weight of the carbon residue, 3-6% by weight of the sawdust, 3-6% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2-4% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 4-8% by weight of the urea, 1-2% by weight of the ground phosphate rock, 2-3% by weight of the phosphate, 2-3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate, 3-5% by weight of the humic acid. and 3-5% by weight of the ammonium sulfate.
6. The method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance according to claim 5. wherein cach bio manure comprises 65% by weight of the animal manure, 5% by weight of the carbon residue. 5% by weight of the sawdust, 5% by weight of the distiller’s grains, 2% by weight of the sodium tetraborate, 5% by weight of the urea, 1% by weight of the ground phosphate rock. 2%
by weight of the phosphate, 3% by weight of the ferrous sulfate, 3% by weight of the humic acid; ange 4% by weight of the ammonium sulfate. 6
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010740334.8A CN111919534A (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | Common vetch feeding and field returning soil cultivation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| LU102604B1 true LU102604B1 (en) | 2021-09-02 |
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| LU102604A LU102604B1 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2021-03-02 | Method for common vetch feeding, stubble mulching and land maintenance |
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| LU (1) | LU102604B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104945167A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏沃绿宝有机农业开发有限公司 | Compound biological organic fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN106173262A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-07 | 安徽香杨林业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of rice wheat straw |
| CN108383628A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-10 | 卢勤航 | A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-07-28 CN CN202010740334.8A patent/CN111919534A/en active Pending
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