LT4453B - A string for musical instruments, set of strings for a classical guitar and a method of manufacturing such strings - Google Patents

Abstract

A string of a musical instrument comprises a core made of a tensioned fiber of non-ferromagnetic materials and a line winding wrapped one or several layers around the core. A method of manufacturing strings for a musical instrument comprises the following operations: tensioning and securing the string core between the rotor hooks of two motors situated at opposite ends and rotating into opposite directions; wrapping one or several layers of line around a rotating core without changing the direction of rotation of the core; tensioning of the line before wrapping; grinding the string so prepared.

Description

The invention relates to the field of musical instruments, in particular to the construction of the classical guitar 5 strings and the method of making them.

Classical guitar consists of six strings: 1st mi (E), 2nd si (H), 3rd sol (G), 4th re (D), 5th la (A) and 6th mi (E) ). Conventionally produced strings have the following structure: 1st, 2nd and 3rd or melodic strings are cast from capron and are monolithic, while 4th, 5th and 6th or bass strings are made of nylon fiber core. wrapped in metal (copper, silver, tin or their alloys) wire.

In a traditional string set, the timbre and saturation of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd strings are hard to match with the timbre and saturation of 4th, 5th, and 6th strings. The ringing is misplaced because one of the strings is from a monolithic capron line and the other has a core wrapped with wire. The following table shows the relationship between the timbre and saturation of the sound as a function of string thickness and tension:

String type The thickness of the string Strings tension Sound timbre Sound saturation 1st, 2nd and 3rd or melodic strings , thin weak low lower 'thick strong high higher 4th, 5th and 6th or bass strings thin weak high lower tight strong low higher

The table shows that the timbre of melodic and bass strings is completely different in terms of tension and thickness. In the production of strings, the principle is that all strings should be tensioned uniformly, however, when all six strings of a traditional set of strings are tensioned uniformly, the exact opposite timbre is obtained (see table). This problem is solved by varying the tension of the strings, but the latter factor causes great inconvenience to the musician, because playing strings with different tension is unpleasant and simply uncomfortable.

A number of improvements in string construction are known. SU copyright no. 1603433 consists of a core of synthetic material wrapped around a metal wire of trapezoidal cross-section. The required timbre is produced by the resonant grooves that occur when such a wire is wound.

Another known string construction according to International Application Publication WQ 93/01585 consists of a core consisting of certain tear-and-impact-resistant fibers and a layer of precious metals surrounding the core, synthetic rubber, ceramic or combinations thereof. The construction of said strings is complex and the technology of producing strings is costly.

A monofilament string is known from JP patent no. 5083913. For its manufacture polyester monofilament is used. However, such a string is sensitive to temperature fluctuations and humidity, and its production technology is complex.

The closest technological solution to the present invention is found in DE patent no. No. 4109334 discloses a set of tweeter strings, each string having a core consisting of a plurality of individual plastic fibers and a layer of metal wire wrapped around the core and a protective plastic tape wrapped around this layer. However, such strings are thick, require strong tension, sound poorly, and do not fit with other strings.

The main object of the invention is to obtain a uniform timbre and saturation of all six classical guitar strings and to shorten the time required to adjust the pitch of the strings by adjusting or re-arranging one of the strings 1, 2 or 3.

This object is achieved by the fact that a string of a musical instrument consisting of a core of tensioned non-ferromagnetic material and a core wrapped around a core is wound with a diameter of 0.06 mm to 0.30 mm, wrapped on the core in one or more layers. , and the core thickness is selected from 140.25 tex to 420.75 tex, and the outer winding layer is sanded from 0.02 mm to 0.07 mm smooth. A set of six strings for a classical guitar is characterized by the fact that melodic strings 1, 2 and 3 consist of a core of tensioned non-ferromagnetic material and a winding wrapped in one or more layers on the core.

According to the present invention, the strings of a musical instrument are manufactured as follows:

the string core is tensioned and secured between the two opposite ends and rotating hooks of the motor rotors rotating in different directions;

wound one or more layers of wax on the rotating core without changing the direction of rotation of the core 20:

straining the wound before winding; grinds the prepared string.

The invention is explained in more detail by the drawings which illustrate but do not limit the scope of the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a section of a string.

FIG. Figure 2 shows the winding device used in the method of making the string (front view).

FIG. Figure 3 shows the same device (side view).

FIG. Figure 4 is a top view of a portion of the winder.

FIG. 5 shows a string locking assembly, section A-A of FIG. 4.

FIG. Fig. 6 shows a device explaining the method of grinding a ready-made string.

According to the invention, the string consists of a core 1 of non-ferromagnetic fiber fibers (e.g., nylon filaments), a cord 2 which is wound on the core in one or more layers and forms a winding having an outer layer 3 sanded from 0.02 mm to 0.07 mm and polished (Fig. 1).

The core thickness is from 140.25 tex to 420.75 tex. The winding layers can be one or more, depending on the melodic string: The 1st string can have one or two layers of different or equal diameter, the 2nd two or three layers of different or the same diameter, the third - three or four layers. The number of layers depends on the timbre and saturation you want to extract.

The string produces the following: The string core is tensioned and secured between the two opposite ends and rotating hooks of the rotating motors of the motor in different directions: Wraps one or more layers of cleaning material on the rotating core without changing the direction of rotation of the core; straining the wound before winding; grinds the prepared string. The equipment illustrated in the drawings may be used in the making of the strings, which in no way limits the scope of the invention but merely explains it.

The string winding arrangement (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) consists of a reel 4, on which a reel 2 (commercially available) is wound. The spool 4 is mounted on the axis 6 of the bracket 5 and tightened with a nut 7 between the spacers 8 and 8a. The bracket 5 is rigidly attached to a Ί-shaped frame 9 with a vertical axis having a pivot 10 on which the pulley 11 is mounted. The pulley 11 is clamped by a nut 12, a spring 13 and a spacer set 14. A loop 15 guide rails 16 and 17 having uniform grooves 18 (Fig. 5). The guide 17 has a notch with surfaces C and D. The grooves 18 are covered by pivotable retainers 19 and 20. The string core 1 is tensioned and secured between the rotor hooks of the two motors 21 and 22 (not shown in the drawings). The motors are stationary against each other at a selectable distance. Support plates 23 and 24 are attached to the ends of the motors (Figs. 3 and 4).

The step of sanding and polishing the strings is explained by a device (Fig. 6) consisting of the same motors 21 and 22 used in the winding step, between which the string workpiece is stressed 25. A device for sanding the outer string winding layer 3 (Fig. 1) Horizontal sliding sander with fine-grained sandpaper. A string 26 is also used to polish the string, only its working surface sandpaper is replaced with so-called "zero" grain sandpaper.

The following explains the production of strings. The string core 1 (for example, a nylon filament strand) is secured and tensioned between the rotor hooks of the motors 21 and 22. The reel 4 with the groove 2 is mounted on the axis 6 of the bracket 5 and tightened with the nut 7 and gasket set 8 and 8a so that it can barely rotate. The tension on the line in the string winder should be 50 - 70 gf. It shall be measured with a gramometer; possible error up to 5 gf. Roll 2 is pierced through loop 15 and rotated about pulley 11 once or twice, depending on the diameter of the roll. The rotation speed of the pulley is controlled by nut 12 by tightening or releasing spring 13. Further, the end of the purge 2 is secured in the loop 1 of the core, which is secured to the end of the core. This is how line 2 is stressed. The tensile stress during wrapping is 0.15 - 0.30 kgf. Frame 9 is hung on a tensioned and secured core of rotor hooks between two motors 21 and 22, which is fed into grooves 18 of guide rails 16 and 17 and clamped by latches 19 and 20. Nylon filament core 1 is tensioned from 3.5 kgf to 6 kgf.

With motors 21 and 22 rotating anti-clockwise and clockwise, the core 1 rotates, wrapping itself around a line 2 which is between the pins C and D of the guide cutout 17. Since the line 2 is tensioned and its direction of movement is limited by surfaces C and D, inertial forces occur which push the frame 9 (Fig. 3) in the direction of the arrow L. As the frame 9 is slid, the first winding layer is wound on the core. The winding ends when frame 9 leans on support 24 and returns in the direction indicated by arrow M. Then another layer of cleansing is applied and so on. Each layer wraps in the opposite direction of the previously wrapped liner. The process is continued until the desired number of layers is wound up, and the wound 2 is cut off, having previously locked the wrapped ends to prevent the tensioned core inside of the string from shrinking and twisting, which would alter the mechanical properties of the string and thus the sound quality. Equal number of turns per kilogram of tensioned core force allows the string to be kept straight and elastic. The string is removed from the unit and the ends of the removed string are sealed.

Continue sanding and polishing operations (Fig. 6). The string is fixed between the hooks of the same motors 21 and 22 rotors and rotated. By sliding along the string 25, the upper winding layer 26 is sanded to the required smoothness, i.e. from 0.02 mm to 0.07 mm. The string is polished by the same device 26, only by replacing its working surface sandpaper with a "zero" grain sandpaper.

The advantage of strings made in this way, besides the aforementioned compatibility of the melodic 15 strings with the bass strings, is that the strings produced according to the invention settle within 30 minutes and the time required for monolithic strings is 10 hours. This means that a musician can put strings on the guitar just half an hour before the concert and it will sound very good compared to monolithic strings.

As the guitar plays for a long time, the strings become strained and lose their harmony. Monolithic capron strings begin to misalign after 20 hours of playing the guitar, and the advantage of the invented strings is that they do not lose their consistency if they are played for over 100 hours. This means that strings with a '25 non-ferromagnetic fiber core are more durable than monolithic capron strings.

Claims (6)

1. A string of a musical instrument consisting of a core of a tensile fiber of nonferromagnetic materials and a winding on the core, characterized in that the winding is formed by a line wrapped in one or more layers on the core. 2. A musical instrument string according to claim 1, wherein the core thickness is from 140.25 tex to 420.75 tex. 3. The string of a musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the line has a diameter of 0.06 mm to 0.30 mm. 4. A musical instrument string according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer winding layer is polished from 0.02 mm to 0.07 mm. 5. A set of six strings for a classical guitar, characterized in that the melodic strings 1, 2 and 3 consist of a core of tensioned non-ferromagnetic material and a winding of one or more layers wrapped on the core. 6. A method of producing a musical instrument string comprising tensioning the fiber core of a nonferromagnetic material, winding the winding layer, locking the winding, and fusing the ends of the string, characterized in that: - the string core is tensioned and secured between the two opposite ends of the rotating motor-rotor hooks in opposite directions: - Wraps one or more layers of wax on the rotating core without changing the direction of rotation of the core; - tensioning of the line before winding; - grinds the prepared string.