LT3476B - Animal fibre processing and apparatus for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an apparatus for processing wool and a corresponding solvent process utilizing the apparatus. The apparatus includes an inlet (2) for the admission of raw (greasy) wool, and a first bowl (3) to which wool is first admitted. Wool in first bowl (3) is wet, as by solvent spray from nozzle (11) and falls into a solvent bath (13). An endless belt (5) transports wool through solvent bath (13) in bowl (3). A co-flow of solvent through nozzle (14) is utilized to ensure that wool disposed on belt (5) travels at the same speed as the belt (5). A pressurized spray from shower device (7) is directed to wool on belt (5) to cleanse same. Wool treated in first bowl (3) is carried on an elevated portion of belt (5) where it is subjected to a cascade of solvent from weir (8). Wool is carried out of bowl (3) into bowl (4) by falling from the upper extremity of belt (5) in the vicinity of roller (17). This wool is then carried by endless belt (6) for a second cleansing treatment. Co-flow of solvent is introduced into bowl (4) through nozzle (15). A shower of solvent is provided through shower device (9). Endless belt (6) has an elevated portion between rollers (18) and (19). Wool carried on this elevated portion of belt (6) is treated to a cascade of pure solvent from weir (10). Wool is carried from bowl (4) to a centrifuge for drying. <IMAGE>

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the processing of animal fiber, mainly wool, namely to a device and a method of using it to obtain a fiber of greater wool durability and length than conventional wool cleaning and water washing methods, and is more environmentally friendly. .

Obviously, it is desirable to obtain wool fibers of optimum durability and length after cleaning and washing.

In Australian patent no. No. 615559 (38301/89) discloses an anhydrous primary wool dressing using an organic solvent, resulting in an improved fine wool product. This patent discloses an appropriate device and method. This device consists of a conveyor having a pair of front and a pair of rear rollers. Fat-free wool fiber is placed end-down in bags transported by conveyor. These baskets are consistently transported to the pre-treatment area in the washer tank. Only the ends of the fiber are easily cleaned in the pre-treatment area. The other part of the fiber (without the back part) does not come into contact with the wash environment consisting of organic solvent in the area of the pretreatment tank.

After passing the pre-treatment area in the wash tank, the fiber is removed from the solvent to allow the solvent to drain from the fiber ends back to the first compartment of the tank, which is separated by a baffle from the second compartment.

Most of the dirt and other foreign matter present in the initial wool is found in the rear portions, and one of the purposes of this method is the initial cleaning of the ends.

The fiber is then fully placed for 6-10 minutes. in the second section of the tank. The treated fiber is then removed from the washing tank, rinsed with fresh solvent and placed in a drying centrifuge.

This system according to Australian patent no. 615559 is significantly better compared to prior art wool processing systems. resulting in processed wool with satisfactory length and resistance to fibers.

However, this system can be further improved. For example, in this system, it is necessary to remove a certain amount of wool from the wool bundle, sufficient to fill a basket in which the wool is conveyed to the pretreatment zone. It also requires that this wool be placed face down. This consumes time, labor and increases the cost of the operation.

In addition, this solvent system is not sealed, which results in the leakage and evaporation of the solvent at the workplace, which requires constant replacement.

Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved system and device for processing wool. According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a device for processing animal fibers, mainly primary wool, having a solvent tank, a means for feeding a fiber into a solvent tank, a continuous belt tank with a solvent for transporting fibers in a tank, one or more spraying devices spraying the pressurized solvent onto the fibers as they move along a continuous conveyor belt; and a funnel for receiving clean solvent and dispensing it into a tank above the continuous belt of the conveyor without contacting the solvent in the tank.

The device according to the invention uses a single container and can be used if the wool being processed is not as greasy as, for example, sheep wool. It is preferable to use a device with two or more tanks to process such greasy wool, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described by way of example of a two-tank device.

Thus, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for treating primary (non-greased) wool comprising: a first solvent tank having an inlet and outlet; means for feeding wool to the inlet end of the tank; a first continuous belt for transporting wool in a first container; one or more spraying devices for spraying pressurized solvent on wool as the wool moves along a continuous conveyor belt in a first container; a second container having an inlet and outlet and a second continuous belt for transporting the wool in the second container; one or more spray means for spraying the pressurized solvent in the direction of the wool as it moves in a second container; a first funnel for receiving solvent from the second tank and for dispensing the solvent from the second tank above the wool on the first continuous web without contacting the solvent in the first tank; a second funnel for receiving clean solvent and pouring solvent over the wool in the second continuous strip without contacting the solvent in the second tank; a first continuous band for transporting the wool toward the exit of the first tank and the entrance to the second tank.

It will be appreciated that the wool entering the first tank of the rolls is relatively dry and it is therefore desirable that the first jet of solvent be directed to the incoming wool for sufficient wetting to dip the wool in the solvent of the first tank for its first continuous strip. When the wool is immersed in the solvent of the first tank, the solvent is sprayed with the spray device (s) of the first tank.

Immersion of wool in the first tank 1-2 min. effective in removing fat and dirt sufficiently to allow solvent to be dispensed from the first tank hopper, removing about 95% dirt and 80% fat from the green wool.

About 0.2% of the fat will remain in the wool coming out of the second tank, which is the most acceptable level by industrial standards.

It is also desirable to limit the immersion of the wool in the first and second tanks to 15 minutes, preferably not more than 10 minutes. To reduce the immersion time, the solvent in the first tank can be heated (or may be the result of a solvent pumping process) so that the temperature of the solvent in the first tank is about 40 ° C. In this way, the solvent in the first tank can be exposed to ultrasonic energy at about 25 KHz. Immersion time in the first tank is approximately 4-5 minutes and in the second tank 2-3 minutes, the most preferred process of the present invention.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a system for purifying and reusing the solvent used in the process of the invention.

Provision is made for a tank (reservoir) of clean solvent with sufficient solvent to operate the system. Initially, the solvent is fed through tubes to the second tank filling device, then it drains into the second tank by dipping the wool supplied to this tank. The solvent, already containing a certain amount of grease and dirt, is then piped into the first tank filling device, leaking it to displace the impure solvent in the wool over the continuous strip at the outlet of the first tank.

The solvent from the first tank is fed through pipes to the loading end of the wool of the device to form a primary flow (total flow) of solvent and wool through a continuous conveyor belt at a speed identical to that of the belt. An additional amount of solvent is pumped from the first tank to provide moistening of the wool as it enters the device so that the wool can move first in a continuous strip rather than float on the surface of the solvent.

In addition, a certain amount of the solvent from the second tank is fed through pipes to the second tank spray device. The additional amount of solvent in the second tank is used to form the total flow of the second tank. Again, a certain amount of the solvent is delivered from the first tank via piping to the spray tank (nozzles) of the first tank.

The spent solvent from the first tank is fed to the purification system (distillation) at the same rate as the clean solvent is fed into the second tank. Between the first tank and the first distiller there is a series of filters for removing foreign matter (non-grease) from the solvent used. These foreign bodies are transferred to the collection chamber and removed in powder form. The spent solvent is fed to the first distillate where it is evaporated under partial vacuum. The vapor from this distillate is passed in a condensed form, which then becomes a sufficiently pure solvent to be refilled into the second tank system.

The remaining distillates also provide a clean solvent and are highly effective in concentrating fats, which can be stored and used as a source of lanolin and other products.

Vegetable products such as sprouts and grass seeds left in wool soaked in solvent that comes out of the second tank and is transferred to the centrifuge at 98-99%

can be combed using conventional carding systems to remove solvent.

In a typical system of the present invention that cleans wool without wetting it, the following solvents are used:

Solvent Cooking temperature Relative weight 1,1,1 Trichloroethane 74 ° C 1.34 trichloroethane 87 ° C 1.49 dichloromethane 39 ° C 1.36 tetrachlorethylene 121 ° C 1.63

Other suitable solvents are known to those skilled in the art.

Other typical features include:

The depth of immersion in the first container shall be approximately equal to the total length of the staple fibers of non-fat wool, of pure sheep wool of 75-150 mm; speed of movement of the belt 2-4 m / min. a sensor system for maintaining the selected solvent level in the first and second tanks; tape loading density 2-3 kg / m; uniform flow velocity of wool and web; pressure up to 100 pounds per square inch and flow from first spray device (s) in first tank 50-10000 1 / hr, i.e. at appropriate speeds, grease and dirt are removed from the wool without letting it go; the conveyor belts of the first and second tanks are of the mesh type with a mesh size of 2 mm to 4 mm to allow the solvent to pass through the belt; (for optimum results) the deviations in the solvent tank caused by the spraying of the solvent and its bounce from the tape shall be such as to achieve maximum removal of grease and dirt from the wool without loss of wool. The skilled artisan will appreciate that it may be necessary to select the web material, web speed and overall flow speed, spray pressure, and current speed, depending upon the variety and quality of wool or other fabric); flow to first tank 5000 rpm. at a speed of 750 kg. non-greased wool per hour (in fact, it is the same speed as the movement and flow velocities in the second tank); speed in second tank identical to speed in first tank; additional solvent filtration in the second tank to remove fine particles is also desirable due to the removal of dirt and grease sweat (water-soluble salts secreted by sweat sheep glands). Such filtration is done in the tank between the solvent and the spray device to keep the solvent as clean as possible. The appropriate filtration is carried out in the first tank.

The following is an exemplary embodiment of a device according to the present invention with reference to the drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a view of a wool processing device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a process according to the present invention.

As shown in the figures, the device 1 has inlet rollers for feeding wool into the first container 3, for example by means of a circular belt conveyor. The level of solvent 13 in the first container 3 and the second container 4 is indicated by a dotted line. The tanks 3 and 4 are separated by a baffle 21. A portion of the solvent 13 in the tank 3 is used as a wetting or soaking liquid, which is fed through pipes toward the outlet 11 to direct the wool entering the tank 3 as soon as the wool passes through the rollers. the incoming wool falls on the surface of the continuous web 5 in the first tank 3 and is passed through the web 5 at a certain speed while directing a portion of the solvent 13 to the outlet 14 where it is forced to flow to the area of the continuous web 5 moreover, this total flow of solvent is directed to the outlet 14 so that the wool moves through the web at the speed of movement of the web. An additional amount of solvent 13 in tank 3 is passed through a filter (not shown) to a spray device 7 where it is forced to flow vertically downward to remove dirt and foreign matter from wool moving by continuous belt 5. Continuous belt 5 and wool transmitted therethrough belt rollers 16 and 17, and for this stretch it is rinsed with solvent 13 directed from the second tank 4 through the funnel to further remove grease and foreign matter from the wool.

The washed wool is fed through a continuous belt 5 as it moves on a roller 17 and then falls onto a continuous belt 6 in a second tank 4. A portion of the solvent 13 in the second tank 4 is used to form a common flow by spraying it through a nozzle 17. through a filter (not shown) to a spray device 9, from where it is fed vertically downwardly to further degrease and foreign matter from the wool through a continuous belt 6 when mixed with solvent 13 in the continuous belt 6. Part of the continuous belt 6 protrudes in the tank 4 above the solvent The level 13 between rollers 18 and 19 and the wool carried by this portion of tape 6 over solvent 13 in tank 4 is flushed with clean solvent by feeding into tank 4 through funnel 10. The flushed wool is guided by continuous belt 6 roll 19 toward direction 1 of output device 20. after which she is sued. into a centrifuge, where the remaining solvent mixed with the wool is drawn off and returned to the form of steam (or partially steam, partly liquid) to a tank of pure solvent (see Fig. 2) and to the device shown in Fig. 1. As best schematically shown in Figs. 2., the system according to the practice of the present invention is sealed and the solvent recirculates the system, and the solvent removed from the tank 3 is transferred to the tank 4 by the same rate as the clean solvent, and the system thus that the level of solvent 13 in tanks 3 and 4 is kept constant.

As shown in Fig. 2, the clean solvent is pumped from the tank containing solvent into the tank 4, furthermore it enters the tank 4 through the funnel 10 (Fig. 1), finally flushing the wool until it enters the cartridge. As noted, some of the solvent in the tank 4 is passed through the filter and then returned to the tank 4 through the nozzle 9.

The solvent used in tank 4 is fed to tank 3 through a funnel 8. A portion of the solvent in tank 3 is re-filtered for re-introduction into tank 3 through a nozzle 7. The used solvent is passed from tank 3 through a series of filters. From these filters, the foreign bodies are passed through a dryer to the foreign bodies collection chamber where they are collected in powder form. Additional foreign impurities and spray filters are also passed into this series of filters. From these filters, the solvent and grease are fed to a distillate, from which the grease is collected in one or more refuse bins. In the stills, the solvent is evaporated from the solvent / fat mixture and the evaporated solvent is condensed and returned to the solvent tank. The solvent from the impurity dryer is also directed to the solvent tank. Vapors from tanks 3 and 4 are directed to the refrigerator refrigerator, at which time tanks 3 and 4 are maintained at a lower than normal air temperature to allow the vapor to be transferred to the refrigerator. The vapor from the centrifuge and impurity dryer is also transferred to the refrigerator from where the solvent is returned to the clean solvent reservoir for recycling.

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The entire system is sealed and pressurized below atmospheric pressure to prevent vapor from escaping into the atmosphere. In connection with this, a device is used for vapor recovery, in which the vapor is extracted under pressure below atmospheric. This vapor is condensed and transferred to a tank of pure solvent for reuse in the system. A vapor collector consisting of an activated carbon absorbent device is used for the final vapor collection so that the vapor emission meets the strict requirements of environmental regulations.

In practice, it has been observed that solvent loss is minimal, since wool fat removed from the system contains about 2% solvent. Including vapor discharge to the atmosphere, the total solvent loss per day is 70-100 kg. This is quite acceptable provided that the system has a feed rate of 750 kg / h (wool) and solvent distillation (6500 kg / h).

It is meant to maintain a constant 5000 rpm. the flow of clean solvent to the second tank 4, furthermore, this inlet flow is balanced by an output flow of about 5000 1 / h from the second tank 4 to the first tank 3. The wet wool entering the second tank from the first contains a certain amount of solvent such that In this way, the return flow to the first tank will be greater than 5,000 l / h, which consists of a solvent in a wet wool. The return flow to the tank 3 from the tank 4 flows through the respective distribution valve. The level regulator will set the solvent level in the second tank 4 and direct sufficient amount of solvent back to the tank 3 through this distribution valve to equalize the total inlet flow and maintain a constant solvent level.

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The stream of solvent from the flushing unit enters the primary distillate, which operates under pressure below 5 atmospheres to maintain a constant 30% wool grease concentration in the first distillate, continuously pumping the solution from the evaporation bath at a rate of 330kg / h to the second . The re-condensed clean solvent is then pumped to remove grease from the first distiller to the clean solvent tank.

The solution from the first still to the second distillate is concentrated to 80% fat. The stream is pumped from the evaporation bath at a rate of 120kg / h to collect the fat from the second distillate and transferred to the third distillate. The re-condensed pure solvent is pumped to remove the solvent from the second distiller to the clean solvent tank.

The third distillation bath is electrically heated and solvent vapor is removed from the distillation by a spray pump immersed in the bath at atmospheric pressure. The bath is cooled by refrigeration and the solvent vapor is condensed inside the bath. This causes the bath level to rise and some of the solvent to be poured into the clean solvent tank. In this way, a third pump for removing the solvent is not required.

The second tank 4 is continuously pumped with clean solvent at a rate of 5000 rpm from the clean solvent tank.

The level of clean solvent in the tank is controlled by the level regulator. If the level in the tank decreases because the return flow from the flushing unit is lower than the flow rate to the flushing unit (due to solvent loss), the solvent refill pump will pump the amount of solvent from the storage tank to the first distiller.

When the level of pure solvent in the tank rises, any excess solvent will simply drain back into the solvent storage tank.

Fat from wool is gradually concentrated in the waste distillers up to 95% fat concentration when discharged from the final distiller.

The various pumps in the system give the circulating solvent a significant additional energy. These pumps consist of a flow circulation pump, a pump for general flow and a solvent and grease removal pump.

To prevent the solvent temperature from rising too high in tanks 3 and 4, a cooling coil is installed in each of them, usually in the injection area below the return tank. Cooling to this coil can be fed from the main distilled refrigeration unit, and the tank temperature can be easily controlled by a simple dial with a dial.

Vapor control is an important feature of the system according to the present invention. All solvent-containing devices, such as flushing device (3,4) filters, tanks, centrifuges, and 1.1, are under pressure slightly below atmospheric. In the event of leaks, this will result in a small incoming air flow rather than an outgoing air-solvent flow, while avoiding solvent vapor leakage. According to the desired pressure below the atmospheric pressure, a small fan is connected at the suction end to all devices containing the solvent. Air saturated with solvent and discharged from the fan will be directed to a vapor recovery system using reefer and absorptive steam cleaning with coal. A refrigerator system can be used to cool the saturated solvent vapor to about 30 ° C. After cooling, the solvent vapor will be reheated to ambient temperature. During the cooling phase, the solvent vapor will condense leaving about 4% of the vapor in the air. This stream will then be directed to a relatively small and inexpensive carbon absorption system which absorbs about 98% of the remaining solvent vapor, thereby reducing the solvent vapor emulsion loss to 17 kg / day. Exhaust steam from the regeneration system is discharged from room 7 where the system is located through a vent pipe.

In this way, the whole system is ecologically acceptable in the sense that there is little or no solvent leakage from the system, all foreign bodies are removed from the wool and collected, debris impurities can be used as fertilizers, fats for further processing, plant materials - for further processing, as described, plant materials for further processing by known processes. In this way, the system products include clean, high-quality uncoated wool, powdered litter, and grease removed from wool better than conventional water washes. Greasy mud from water washing and protein waste products are recognized as pollutants in river systems. This system will eliminate this undesirable phenomenon.

Claims (60)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION A device for treating animal fibers, namely primary wool, having a solvent tank, means for feeding wool into a solvent tank, a continuous belt in a solvent tank for transporting the fiber in a tank, characterized in that it has one or more solvent spraying devices arranged in the tank. and for spraying solvent under pressure to purify the fiber during its movement on the continuous conveyor belt in the tank and a hopper for receiving clean solvent and draining the solvent into the tank at a distance above the continuous belt without contact with the solvent in the tank. 2. A device according to claim 1, further comprising an outlet for wetting the wool entering the tank to dispense solvent. 3. A device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a tank outlet area through which a centrifuge canister wool can be directed, and the tank outlet area adjacent to a raised portion of the continuous web. 4. A device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a vent hole for introducing a common solvent under pressure into the container with the solvent having the ability to move the fibers arranged on a continuous strip near the inlet end of the container. 5. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a filter for receiving a certain amount of solvent from the filtration tank and returning the clean solvent to one or more spray devices. 6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a solvent reservoir mounted such that a clean solvent may enter therein from above the hopper. 7. The device of claims 3-6, further comprising means for directing solvent vapor from the tank and centrifuge to the refrigerator, and means for transferring the solvent from the refrigerator to the reservoir. 8. A device according to claim 7, characterized in that it has a collector for collecting steam residues from the refrigerator, furthermore the collector for final vapor absorption is made as an absorbent with activated carbon in contact with the atmosphere. A device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising a group of filters for receiving a solvent contaminated with impurities and grease from the tank. 10. A device according to claim 9, characterized in that it has a group of filters for filtering out the effluent filtered by a tank filter. 11. A device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it has a dryer for receiving impurities from the filter group and a series of distillers for receiving solvent and grease from the filters. 12. A device according to claim 11, characterized in that the solvent from the impurity dryer and the stills enters the solvent reservoir. 13. A device according to any one of claims 11,12, characterized in that it has a chamber for collecting foreign matter, which contains debris from the dryer. 14. A device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it has a tank for collecting fat from the stills. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it is substantially sealed from the ambient atmosphere and is intended to operate at a pressure below atmospheric. 16. A device for treating primary (non-greased) wool having a first solvent tank having inlet and outlet ends, means for transferring primary wool to the inlet end of the tank, a first continuous belt in a first container for transporting wool in a first container; a plurality of spraying means for spraying solvent under pressure to clean the wool during its movement in a continuous belt in a first container, a second container having inlet and outlet ends and a second continuous belt for transporting wool in a second container; for purifying wool during its movement in the second tank, a first funnel for receiving solvent from the second tank to pour above the wool at a distance of the first continuous strip without contact with the solvent in the first tank, a second funnel for receiving clean solvent and pouring over the wool in the second continuous strip, without contacting the solvent in the second tank, the first continuous strip is for feeding the wool toward the outlet end of the first tank to the inlet end of the second tank. 17. The device of claim 16, further comprising an outlet for distributing solvent for wetting the wool entering the first container. 18. Apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, further comprising a centrifuge fed to the wool through the outlet end of the second tank, and the outlet of the second tank being adjacent to the upper end of the raised portion of the continuous belt of the second tank. Device according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that it additionally has two outlet openings for the total flow of solvent, respectively, for the introduction of the solvent under pressure into the first and second tanks, the inlet openings being arranged with wool on the first and first and second continuous strips of respective inlet ends of the second tanks, with the possibility of moving in first and second continuous strips towards respective outlet ends of the first and second tanks. 20. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, further comprising a filter for the first tank and a filter for the second tank, the filters of the respective tanks for receiving a predetermined amount of solvent from the respective first and second tanks for filtering the to the appropriate spraying devices for the first and second tanks. Device according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that it further comprises a solvent reservoir, from which the clean solvent enters the second tank above the second tank hopper. A device according to any one of claims 18 to 21, further comprising means for directing solvent vapor from the first tank and centrifuge to the refrigerator and means for directing the solvent from the refrigerator to the reservoir. 23. A device according to claim 22, further comprising a collector for collecting vapor residues from the refrigerator, further comprising a activated carbon absorbent in contact with the atmosphere. 24. A device according to any one of claims 21 to 23, further comprising a group of filters for receiving the spent solvent contaminated with impurities and grease from the first container. 25. A device according to claim 24, characterized in that it has a group of filters for filtering out the material already filtered by the tank filters. 26. A device according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that it comprises a dryer for dirt from the filter group and a series of distillates for the fat and solvent from the filter group. 27. A device according to claim 26, wherein the solvent is recovered from the impurity dryer and from the stills and transferred to the solvent tank. 28. A device according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that it has a collection chamber for foreign matter for impurities from the dryer. 29. A device according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that it has a tank for collecting fat from the stills. 30. A device according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that it is pressurized from the ambient atmosphere and is intended to operate at a pressure below atmospheric. 31. A method of treating animal fibers, namely, by solvent treatment of the primary wool, comprising introducing the fibers into a solvent tank, transporting the fibers in a continuous belt in a tank, fibers moving in a continuous belt, spraying with solvent from one or more spraying devices and the solvent in the tank above the funnel so that the solvent to be cleaned wipes the wool over a raised portion of the continuous bar at a point not in contact with the solvent in the tank. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the fiber entering the tank is trapped by a solvent directed through a solvent outlet. 33. The method of claim 31 or 32, further comprising directing the treated wool from the tank to the centrifuge, wherein the fiber exits the outlet portion of the tank adjacent to the upper raised portion of the continuous web. 34. A method as claimed in any one of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that it introduces a total flow of solvent into the tank at the starting point of movement of the fiber arranged on a continuous strip adjacent to the inlet end of the tank. 35. The method of any one of claims 31-34, wherein a tank filter is used to filter a certain amount of solvent from the tank and return the clean, filtered solvent to one or more spray devices. 36. A process according to any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein the clean solvent from the reservoir is directed to the tank above the funnel. I 37. A process according to any one of claims 31 to 35, wherein the solvent vapor is transferred from the tank from the centrifuge to the refrigerator and then from the refrigerator to the reservoir. 38. The method of claim 36, wherein the vapor residue from the refrigerator is directed to a final vapor collector, further comprising an activated carbon absorbent device contacting the atmosphere. 39. A method according to any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the spent solvent contaminated with impurities and grease is directed from the tank towards the filter group. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the exit material filtered through a tank filter is directed toward a group of filters. 41. A process according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the solvent is evaporated from the impurity dryer and the stills and is directed to the solvent tank. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein the impurities from the filter group are directed to the dryer, the grease and solvent from the filter group are directed to a series of stills. 43. The method of claims 41 and 42, wherein the impurities are directed from the dryer to a foreign material collection chamber. 44. A process according to any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein the fat is transferred from the stills to the fat collecting tank. 45. The method of any one of claims 30-44, wherein the device implementing the method is sealed from the atmosphere and operates at a pressure below atmospheric. 46. Solvent treatment of primary (non-greased) wool, characterized in that the primary wool is fed to the inlet end of the first container with solvent, the wool is transported in a first container, and the primary wool is attracted by solvent sprayed on the wool under continuous pressure belt in first container, wool conveys wool by raised portion of continuous conveyor belt in first container and pours solvent over funnel on wool when in first raised belt above solvent level in first container, wool is deflected by end of first container continuous belt on second container, wool in the second tank, the wool is pulled on the second tank by a continuous strip of solvent, sprayed under pressure from one or more spraying devices arranged in the second tank, the wool is transported by a raised portion of the second tank, During the lifted portion of the strip, it pours clean solvent from the second tank onto which it is filled with clean solvent from the funnel and leads the wool out of the second tank. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the wool is attracted to the solvent entering the first container directed from the solvent outlet. 48. The method of claims 46 and 47, wherein the wool is fed from the second end of the container to a centrifuge where the wool is dried. 49. A process according to any one of claims 46 to 48, characterized by forming a common solvent stream In each of the first and second tanks, pressure is applied to the first and second tanks to feed the wool on the first and second continuous ends of the first and second tanks, respectively, toward the outlet ends of the first and second tanks. 50. A method according to any one of claims 46 to 49, wherein using the filters in the first and second tanks transfers a predetermined amount of solvent from the respective first and second tanks to the respective filters of the first and second tanks, filtering the predetermined amount of solvent in the first and second tanks and returning the purified solvent from the filters of the first and second tanks to the respective spray devices of the first and second tanks. 51. The method of any one of claims 46 to 50, wherein the solvent reservoir is used and the clean solvent is diverted from the solvent reservoir for introduction into the second tank above the second tank hopper. 52. The method of claims 48-51, wherein the solvent vapor is transferred from the first and second tanks and the centrifuge to the refrigerator, and additionally the solvent is transferred from the refrigerator to the reservoir. 53. The method of claim 52, wherein the steam residue from the refrigerator is directed to a collector for final vapor collection, which is filled with activated carbon as an absorbent in contact with the atmosphere. 54. The method of any one of claims 51 to 53, wherein the spent solvent contaminated with impurities and grease is directed from the first tank towards the filter group. 55. The method of claim 54, wherein the processed material filtered through the filters of the first and second tanks is directed toward a group of filters. 56. The method of claim 54 or 55, wherein the waste impurities are directed from the filter group to the debris dryer, grease and solvent, and are directed to a series of distillers from the filter group. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the solvent is recovered from the debris dryer and from the stills and fed to the solvent reservoir. 58. The method of claims 56 and 57, wherein trash impurities are diverted from the dryer to a foreign material collection chamber. 59. The method of claims 56-58, wherein the fat is directed from the distiller to the fat collection tank. 60. The method of any one of claims 46-59, wherein the method is implemented in a device pressurized to the outside and operating at a pressure below atmospheric.