RU2228975C1 - Wool washing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wool primary washing method. SUBSTANCE: method involves dipping raw scutched wool into washing solution; advancing wool along vat having perforated bottom, which divides washing solution into upper and lower layers; discharging wool from vat and feeding it to squeezing rolls; supplying washing solutions into each previous vat, beginning from terminating vat, under bottom of all vats from one to another vat, by continuous adjustable counter flow method; draining used solution from first vat; providing continuous supplying of washing solution from vat lower layer, beginning from terminating vat, into previous vat from both sides to level below upper level of liquid layer into zone of discharging wool from solution. Washing solution is taken from under vat bottom at third mid portion of its length. EFFECT: increased efficiency in wool washing, improved quality of wool, reduced consumption of water, washing solutions and reduced sewage wastes.

Description

The invention relates to the wool industry, mainly to the primary processing of wool, and can be used in the process of washing wool using countercurrent washing solutions.

The wool washing process is the cleaning of unwashed wool from contamination with aqueous solutions of detergents and is carried out in a wool-washing unit. including a washer consisting of five or more barges with squeeze shafts after each bark. Rinsing consists in immersing the scruffy unwashed wool in the washing solution, moving it along the barge, unloading it from the barge, and feeding wool to the squeeze shafts.

The prior art method for washing wool according to the method of periodic pumping and using countercurrent aqueous solutions of detergents, characterized by the method of supplying washing solutions for processing wool [1] is the closest analogue.

The removal of contaminated solutions by pumping is accompanied by periodic shutdowns of the washing unit every 3-4 hours to drain more contaminated solutions from the first two barges and pump less polluted solutions from the third and fourth barges into them. New washing solutions are poured into the freed barges [1].

A known method of washing wool using a countercurrent with the supply of washing solutions in a limited amount from the last washing barque to the first towards the movement of wool in the washing unit. This method allows you to extend the operation of the unit up to 7-10 hours [1, 2]. During the flushing process, counterflow restrictions are manifested in turning it off. This, in turn, leads to an increase in the concentration of contaminants in washing solutions, which affects the quality of wool washing. The less contaminants during washing pass into the solution of the next barge, the cleaner the coat will be washed.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a method of washing wool using countercurrent aqueous solutions of detergents by continuously controlled supply of washing solutions to each previous barque, starting from the last [2-5]. This method allows you to wash the wool without stopping the machines for an unlimited time. The domestic industry and is currently washing wool using this method according to the technological regulations. The concentration of contaminants is maintained up to 50 g / l and 0.62 g / l, respectively, in the first and last barges [2-5].

In the known method, a continuous controlled supply of washing solutions from the last (rinse) barge to each previous one is carried out towards the movement of wool along the barge by countercurrent washing liquid under the perforated (false) bottom of all barges sequentially from one to the other and draining the spent solution of the first bark to the sewer. The perforated bottom divides the washing solution into two layers. In the upper active layer, the wool is washed; in the lower, passive layer - sedimentation of the liquid and its overflow with light particles of pollution into the previous barque. Countercurrent is designed to create a balance in the washing solution between the concentration of contaminants in the working solution and in the wool.

In known methods, counterflow of washing liquid is carried out through a pipeline connecting the lower, passive layers of the washing solution of the subsequent barge to the previous one and installed on one side of the barges below the level of the lower, passive layer. Such a countercurrent of washing liquid only in the lower passive layers of all baroque and, on the one hand, practically does not participate in the removal of contaminants from the wool in the upper layer, but carries out sequential removal of suspended contaminants from the lower layers of the baroque.

In practice, it has been established that the use of a continuous countercurrent in washing allows to reduce the concentration of contaminants in the solution of each subsequent barque by 2.0-2.5 times compared with the concentration in the previous one, the same thing happens in the lower passive layers of the washing solution. However, as practice shows, for 20 years this leads to an increase in the amount of contaminants in the last barge, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of washing wool in terms of the content of contaminants in the future. To maintain the required washing quality, it is necessary either to rinse the wool additionally, while using one or two additional barges, or increase the counterflow to balance the equilibrium of the concentration of contaminants in the first barge. The latter, in turn, leads to the discharge into the sewer of unused detergents and an increase in the volume of sewage.

The technical problem solved in the claimed invention is to increase the washing efficiency and wool quality while reducing the consumption of cold and hot water, detergents, and reducing the amount of effluent.

The technical result of the invention, which consists in eliminating these drawbacks, in a method of washing the wool, comprising immersing the frayed unwashed wool in the washing solution, moving it along the barque with a perforated bottom dividing the washing solution into two layers, upper and lower, unloading the wool from the barque and feeding it to the squeezing shafts, while in each previous barge, starting from the last, under the bottom of all barges from one to the other, on one side of it, washing solutions are fed using a continuous, adjustable tivotoka and draining the spent solution of the first barge, is achieved by the fact that a continuous supply of the washing solution from the lower layer of the barge, starting from the last, is produced in the previous barge from two sides below the upper level of the liquid layer into the zone of wool discharge from the solution, while the washing solution is taken under the bottom in the barge, they are produced in the middle third part of its length.

The method of washing wool is as follows.

In accordance with the technological regime of washing, unwashed wool is fed in a continuous stream to the bobbin machine, where part of the contaminants are mechanically removed. Then, the wool after beating goes in a continuous stream into the washing solution of the first barge. By the mechanisms of advancement, the wool moves in the washing solution along the barque, which has a perforated bottom, which divides the washing solution into two layers, upper and lower. In the area of unloading the wool from the barge and feeding it into the squeeze shafts, the wool is washed with a washing solution coming from the lower layer of the second barge by continuous feeding through pipes from both sides of the barge below the upper level of the liquid layer. The washing solution under the bottom in the barge is taken in the middle third part of its length. This creates a concentration of contaminants in the solution of the second barque three or more times less than the concentration of contaminants in the solution of the first barque. After washing in a cleaner solution, the wool passes through the squeeze shafts and enters the second barque, where the washing process is carried out in the same way in all subsequent barrels to the last. The spent washing solution in the first barge, when the concentration of pollution exceeds the norm (50 g / l), is discharged into the sewer.

The choice of conditions is defined as follows.

The supply of washing liquid (as clean as possible) to the upper, active layer of the previous barge is carried out in the area of wool unloading in front of the squeeze shafts, since only in this zone is more intensive removal of contaminants from the fiber surface. At the same time, this washing liquid is supplied from both sides of the barge for its even distribution over the width of the washed layer of wool. The greatest amount of contamination settles in the lower passive layer of the washing solution at the beginning and at the end of each barque. Therefore, the washing fluid for the counterflow should be taken in the middle third part of the length of the barge.

Experimental studies in the development of the proposed method of washing wool in comparison with the known showed the possibility of increasing the washing efficiency and quality of wool fiber.

The proposed method allows after washing to obtain wool cleaner and white due to an increase in the parameter characterizing a decrease in the transfer of pollution in the layer of wool from barge to barge [4, p. 61], and also reduce the consumption of water, detergents, reduce the amount of effluent.

The table shows comparative technical indicators when washing the wool with the proposed method and known in the washing unit type SP.

Sources of information

1. Rogachev N.V., Fedorov V.A. Primary processing of wool. - M.: Light Industry, 1967. - 328 p.

2. Rogachev N.V. Influence of countercurrent of washing solutions on the washing process, quality of washed wool and productivity of wool-washing units. Abstract. Dis .... cand. tech. Sciences: 05.390.- M .: Moscow Textile Institute, 1973. - 26 p.

3. Rogachev N.V. Calculation of the counterflow regime and methods of its control during wool washing // Textile industry. - 1966. - No. 3. - S.77-82.

4. Rogachev N.V. Some issues of primary processing of wool. - M.: Light Industry, 1980. - 184 p.

5. Rogachev N.V., Vasilyeva L.G., Timoshenko N.K. et al. Wool. Primary processing and market. Monograph. Ed. Dr. econom. Sciences N.K. Timoshenko - M .: VNIIMP RAAS, NIIZPOSH, 2000. - 600 p.

Claims (1)

A method of washing the wool, including immersing the scruffy unwashed wool in the washing solution, moving it along the barge with a perforated bottom, dividing the washing solution into two layers, upper and lower, unloading the wool from the barge and feeding it to the squeeze shafts, while in each previous barque, starting from the last, from one to the other, the washing solutions are supplied using a continuous adjustable countercurrent and draining the spent solution of the first barque, characterized in that the continuous supply of washing solution under the bottom of all arch from the lower layer barges, starting from the last, are produced in previous to its two sides below the upper level of the liquid layer in the unloading zone wool from the solution, the washing solution fence under the bottom of the barge to produce on average a third portion of its length.