JPH0657512A - Equipment and method for treatment of wool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide both an improved apparatus and method for treating an animal fiber, especially an unprocessed wool. CONSTITUTION: This apparatus comprises an inlet 2 for the admission of raw (greasy) wool and a first solvent bowl 3 to which wool is firstly admitted. Wool in the first solvent bowl 3 is wetted by a solvent sprayed from a nozzle 11 and falls into a solvent bath 13. An endless belt 5 transports wool through the solvent bath 13 in the first solvent bowl 3. A co-flow of a solvent through a nozzle 14 is utilized to ensure that wool disposed on the belt 5 travels as the same speed as the belt 5. A pressurized spray from a shower device 7 is directed to wool in the belt 5 to cleanse the wool. The treated wool in the first solvent bowl 3 is transported to an elevated portion of the endless belt 5 where it is subjected to a cascade of solvent from a weir 8.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the treatment of animal fibers, especially wool, and more particularly to greater fiber strengths available through the use of conventional water-based washing and washing methods for wool. And an apparatus for producing a flawless wool product and a method of using the apparatus and being environmentally friendly.

[0002]

It is clearly desirable to produce wool of optimum strength and fiber length after washing and washing.

Australian Patent No. 615559 (38
301/89) discloses a water-free organic solvent-related process for the treatment of raw wool which results in an improved and satisfactory wool product. The patent discloses, with particular reference to FIG. 3 thereof, an apparatus in which the method disclosed in the patent is carried out. In particular, the device includes a conveyor having a pair of head rollers and a pair of tail rollers. An undefatted wool-shaped fleece is placed upside down in a basket carried by a conveyor. These baskets are continuously transported to the chip pretreatment area in the hair wash tank. The fleece-only chip is subjected to a soft cleaning action in the pretreatment area. The rest of the fleece (away from the tip) does not come into contact with the organic solvent wash medium in the tank pretreatment area.

After passing through the chip pretreatment area of the hair wash tank, the fleece is removed from the solvent solution to drain the solvent adhering to the free tip to the first tank section which is separated from the second tank section by the baffle plate. .

Most of the dirt and debris found on raw wool is placed in the chip area and conventional methods have had an initial chip wash process step as one of their purposes.

The fleece is then completely submerged in the second tank portion for a suitable period of 6 to 10 minutes. The post-soak treated fleece can be removed from the hair wash tank, then rinsed with fresh solvent and lowered to a centrifuge for drying.

The apparatus of Australian Patent No. 615559 is a significant improvement over previously known processing equipment for raw wool and produces treated wool of good fiber length and strength.

[0008]

However, it was believed that the device could be further improved. For example, the device requires withdrawal from a wool bales of a sufficient amount of wool to occupy a basket carrying wool to the pretreatment area. Also,
This wool needs to be laid in an inverted shape. It is time consuming, labor intensive and costly.

In addition, the known devices were not sealed and resulted in the ingress or leakage of solvent vapors into the workplace due to the inevitable loss of solvent which required constant replenishment.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide improved wool treatment equipment and methods.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, in broad form, is directed to a wool treating apparatus for treating animal fibers, especially raw wool, the apparatus comprising a solvent bowl, the fiber containing the fibers in the solvent bowl. Means, an endless belt in the solvent bowl adapted to convey fibers through the solvent bowl, for spraying solvent under pressure to clean the fibers as they traverse the solvent bowl on the endless belt One or more solvent shower devices disposed within said solvent bowl, and said elevated portion of said endless belt receiving at least substantially pure solvent and not in contact with the solvent in said solvent bowl. Providing a dam adapted to cause the solvent to plunge into the solvent bowl.

The above embodiments of the present invention are suitable for utilizing a single bowl and especially when the wool to be treated is not defatted, as is the case, for example, with undefatted Merino wool. For treating such undefatted Merino wool, it is preferred to use two or more bowl devices and the preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in connection with two bowl devices.

The invention thus provides, in yet another broad form, a wool treatment apparatus for treating raw (non-defatted) wool, the apparatus comprising a first solvent bowl having an inlet end and an outlet end; Means for transporting raw wool to the inlet end of the first solvent bowl; first endless belt in the first solvent bowl adapted to transport wool through the first solvent bowl; One or more first made to purify the wool by spraying the solvent under pressure as conveyed by the endless belt of the first solvent bowl.
A solvent shower device for the solvent bowl; a second solvent bowl having an inlet end and an outlet end with a second endless belt adapted to convey the wool therethrough; under pressure as the wool traverses the second solvent bowl. One or more second solvent bowl shower devices adapted to further cleanse the wool by spraying a solvent with; receiving solvent from the second solvent bowl and contacting the solvent in the first solvent bowl; First dam means adapted to abruptly drop the solvent of the second solvent bowl onto the wool above the raised portion of the first endless belt; receiving pure solvent and within the second solvent bowl Second dam means adapted to cause the pure solvent to drop abruptly on the wool disposed on the higher part of the second endless belt which is not in contact with the solvent; invasion of the inlet end of the second solvent bowl Providing said wool to the exit end of said second solvent bowl to consist of the first endless belt that is adapted to be conveyed for.

It is understood that the wool entering the first bowl through the rollers is relatively dry and the first dip spray of solvent is sufficient to wet the wool and ride on the first endless belt. The incoming wool is directed so that the wool is dipped through a first solvent bowl bath. The spraying from the shower device of the first solvent bowl occurs when the wool is dipped in the solvent bath of the first bowl.

Immersion of the wool in the first solvent bowl for a period of 1 to 2 minutes prior to showering with the shower is carried out so as to remove up to 95% of the dirt load of the raw wool and up to 80% of the oil and fat. It has the effect of releasing grease and dirt to an extent sufficient to allow for spraying from the bowl dam and the resulting sudden cascading. The second bowl removes most of the remaining dirt and most of the remaining oil and fat.

It is believed that only about 0.2% of the oil and fat remains in the wool present in the second bowl, which is at a level which is almost acceptable according to industry standards.

Overall, soaking the wool in the first and second solvent bowls (in total) for less than 15 minutes and preferably 1
It is desirable to limit it to 0 minutes or less. To reduce the soak time, heat is applied to bring the solvent temperature in the first solvent bowl to approximately 40 ° C.
It may be added to the solvent in the first solvent bowl to be at ° C (or this may rise from the solvent pumping process). Additionally, ultrasonic energy may be introduced into the solvent in the first bowl at a power level of about 25 KHz. In a preferred form of the method of the invention, the immersion time of the first solvent bowl is about 4 to 5 minutes and the immersion time of the second solvent bowl is about 2 to 3 minutes.

A distillation unit is provided for the solvent utilized in the process of the invention to store the solvent and to purify the recovered solvent for reuse in the process.

A clean solvent tank (container) provides a supply of sufficient solvent to operate the device. The solvent from the container is first piped to the dam device of the second solvent bowl and then dropped rapidly into this second solvent bowl as the immersion solvent for the wool across the second solvent bowl. The solvent from the second solvent bowl, which apparently contained the amount of fats and dirt, was then piped to the dam device of the first solvent bowl, which carried the dirty solvent in the wool into the first solvent bowl. When it falls to the first solvent bowl, it moves to the high endless belt outlet portion.

The solvent from the first solvent bowl is directed forward of the apparatus to direct an initial solvent stream (co-stream) along the first endless belt to guide the wool at a desired speed which is substantially the same as the belt running speed. Piped to the wool load end. Still other solvent from the first bowl supplies the wool with dampness (or dipping) as it enters the device to ensure that the wool rides on the first endless belt rather than floating on the solvent surface. To be piped for.

In addition, some solvent in the second solvent bowl is piped to the shower device in the second solvent bowl. Yet another ratio of solvent in the second solvent bowl is used as a joint stream for the second solvent bowl. Again some solvent in the first solvent bowl is piped to the shower device (spray manifold) in the first solvent bowl.

Spent solvent from the first solvent bowl is directed away to the distillation apparatus (distiller) in the same amount as clean solvent is introduced into the dam of the second solvent bowl. Between the first solvent bowl and the first distiller is a series of filters adapted to extract foreign matter other than oil and fat from the used solvent. This foreign material is directed to the collection chamber and disposed of in powder form. The spent solvent is introduced into the first still when it is boiled under partial vacuum. The vapor is then led from this first distiller in condensed form which is pure enough for reintroduction into the apparatus via a sudden drop (cascade) into the second solvent bowl.

The remaining distillers are also effective in generating clean solvents and concentrating fats that can be collected as wool fats and used as lanolin and other product sources.

Plant matter such as knots and grass seeds remaining in the solvent-laden wool that exits the second solvent bowl and is introduced into the centrifuge so as to recover 98-99% of the solvent is removed by conventional carding equipment. Can be carded by

The following solvents are examples of solvents that may be used in an exemplary apparatus according to the present invention for washing wool without entanglement. Solvent Boiling point Specific gravity 1.1.1 Trichloroethane 74 ° C 1.34 Trichloroethylene 87 ° C 1.49 Methylene chloride 39 ° C 1.36 Ethylene tetrachloride 121 ° C 1.63

Other suitable solvents are known to those skilled in the art.

The following other characteristics are typical. Ie 75 to 150 for pure Merino wool
first solvent bowl immersion depth approximately equal to the total length of non-defatted wool staples in the range of mm; belt speed 2-4 m / min; in the first and second solvent bowls at substantially selected immersion depth Device designed to maintain the solvent bath level of; belt load density 2-3 kg /
m ² ; joint flow in an amount that moves wool with the same momentum as the belt; 100 p. s. i. Pressure and 50 to 100,000 l / hr, ie flow from the shower device of the first solvent bowl in an amount suitable for removing fats and dirt from soaked wool without tangle of the wool. Yes; belts in the first and second solvent bowls are 2 mm ² to allow solvent to pass through the belt
Mesh type with an opening of 4 to 4 mm ² ; (optimally, the solvent shower causes disturbances in the solvent bath and the reflection of the solvent from the belt does not cause tangles in the wool to collect dirt and oil from the wool. Maximum scavenging should be ensured, as those skilled in the art will appreciate that adjustments will accommodate belt material, belt run and joint flow rates, shear pressure and various variations and amounts of wool or other fibers. Understand that the flow rate may need to be made.); A rapid drop into the first solvent bowl at 5000 l / hr to treat 750 kg of defatted wool per hour (substantially distilling). Amount and the amount of sudden drop (cascade) into the second bowl); first
A second solvent bowl volume that is substantially the same as the solvent bowl volume; yet another filtration of the solvent in the second solvent bowl for finer particle removal also removes residual dirt and suint (water-soluble salts from sheep sweat glands). It is preferable to remove. This filtration is done between the solvent in the solvent bowl and the shower device to ensure that the shower solvent is as clean as possible. Corresponding filtration is the first between the bath and the shower device.
Done in a solvent bowl.

By way of example, an embodiment of the wool treatment device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawing, the device generally designated by the reference numeral 1 comprises an inlet roller 2 through which it is conveyed, for example by an endless belt conveyor, to the device of this embodiment of the invention. The wool to be treated is introduced into the first solvent bowl 3. First solvent bowl 3 and second solvent bowl 4
The level of solvent 13 therein is depicted by the dotted line. The first and second solvent bowls 3 and 4 are divided by a partition wall 21. Some of the solvent 13 in the first solvent bowl 3 is piped to the outlet 11 when it is reintroduced into the first solvent bowl 3 so as to moisten the arriving wool immediately after it crosses the roller 2. It is used as a moisturizing or dipping solution. Incoming wool so moistened falls onto the surface of the endless belt 5 in the first solvent bowl 3 and is carried along the endless belt 5 by a predetermined amount, and the solvent in the first solvent bowl 3 is Some of the 13 are guided to the outlet 14 when the wool introduced into the first solvent bowl 3 is forced to flow in the area of the endless belt 5 which descends on the endless belt 5, and the solvent passing through the outlet 14 A joint stream is guided to ensure that the wool is guided along the endless belt 5 at the running speed of the endless belt. A further part of the solvent 13 in the first solvent bowl 3 is led to a shower device 7 through a filter (not shown) and therefore this solvent part is transferred from the wool conveyed along the endless belt 5 to grease. Forced vertically downward to mix with solvent 13 to remove minute and debris. The endless belt 5, and the wool carried on it, rises above the surface of the solvent 13 between the belt rollers 16 and 17 and via a dam 8 to further remove the grease and foreign matter of this wool in this area. It is washed with the solvent 13 introduced from the second solvent bowl 4.

The wool thus washed is guided above the endless belt 5 as it traverses the rollers 17 and then drops onto the endless belt 6 in the second solvent bowl 4. Some of the solvent 13 in the second solvent bowl 4 is
Used as a joint flow through the. The other part of the solvent 13 is supplied to the shower device 9 via a filter (not shown).
The endless belt 6 for further removing oils and foreign matters from the wool guided by the endless belt 6 and carried by the endless belt 6.
Is transmitted vertically under pressure to mix with solvent 13 in the region of. The part of the endless belt 6 is a roller 18
Above the level of solvent 13 in the second solvent bowl 4 between 19 and 19 and above the general level of solvent 13 in the second solvent bowl 4, onto this part of the endless belt 6. The loose wool is washed with pure solvent which is introduced into the second solvent level 4 through the dam 10. The wool thus washed is conveyed by the endless belt 6 via the roller 19 so that the remaining solvent mixed with the wool is extracted and
Is returned as vapor (or partial vapor, in partial liquid form) for the resulting return to the first pure solvent container (see FIG. 2). Figure 2
The apparatus of this embodiment of the invention is sealed and the solvent is recirculated into the apparatus, as shown in the schematic drawing of FIG. 1, and the solvent is pure solvent introduced through dam 10 into a second solvent bowl. Substantially the same amount is removed from the first solvent bowl 3 and the device is adapted to maintain the level of solvent 13 in the first and second solvent bowls 3 and 4 substantially constant.

In FIG. 2, the pure solvent is pumped from the solvent container into the second solvent bowl 4 via the dam 10 (FIG. 1) as the final wool rinse before the wool is introduced into the cartridge. Break into. As mentioned above, some of the solvent in the second solvent bowl 4 is passed through the filter and reintroduced into the second solvent bowl 4 through the shower device 9. The solvent used in the second solvent bowl 4 is transferred to the first solvent bowl 3 via the dam 8. Some of the solvent in the second solvent bowl 3 is filtered again so that it is reintroduced into the first solvent bowl 3 through the shower device 7. Spent solvent is directed from the first solvent bowl 3 through a series of filters 31. The foreign matter is guided from these filters through a waste dryer to a foreign matter collecting chamber 35 where the foreign matter is collected as powder. Still other dirt from the shower filters is also transferred to this series of filters. Solvents and fats are directed from these filters to a series of distillers 36, so that the fats are extracted and collected in one or more collection tanks 37. In the distiller 36, the solvent is boiled from the solvent and fat mixture and such evaporated solvent is condensed and returned to the solvent container. The solvent from the waste dryer 34 is also transferred to the solvent container. The vapors from the first and second solvent bowls 3 and 4 are directed to the freezing condenser and the pressure in the first and second solvent bowls 3 and 44 causes these vapors to pass through the condenser 3
It is kept slightly below the normal air temperature to create a force that directs 8 into the condenser 38. The vapors from centrifuge 39 and waste dryer 34 are also directed to condenser 38 and therefore the solvent is returned to the pure solvent container for recirculation within the device.

The entire device is sealed and under negative pressure to prevent the escape of vapors into the atmosphere. At this point, the steam recovery unit is utilized, and the steam of the device is withdrawn to the steam recovery unit under negative pressure. These vapors are condensed and transferred to a clean solvent container 40 for reuse within the device. The final steam trap 41 is used in the form of a carbon active absorption unit to ensure that steam emissions are compatible with the strictest environmental guidelines.

It has been found that the loss of solvent is almost minimal because the wool fat actually extracted from the device has a solvent content of about 2%. This is the total amount of solvent loss that appears to range from 70 to 100 kg per day, in addition to slight vapor leaks. This is 7 times per hour
50 kg (not defatted) wool feed and 6500
It seems perfectly acceptable to design a solvent distillation rate of kg / h.

It is intended to maintain a constant 5000 l / h inflow of clean solvent into the second solvent bowl 4,
This inflow is approximately 5000 l / h from the second solvent bowl 4.
Is balanced by the outflow amount of the above into the first solvent bowl 3.
The moist wool contained in the second solvent bowl from the first solvent bowl also carries with it some solvent, where the first
The outflow to the solvent bowl is actually greater than 5000 l / h by the amount carried by the moist wool. The return flow to the first solvent bowl 3 is taken from the second solvent bowl 4 which spouts a circulating flow via a suitable control valve. The level controller senses the solvent level in the second solvent bowl 4 and flows sufficient solvent into the first solvent bowl 3 via its control valve to balance the net inflow and maintain a constant solvent level. .

The 5000 l / h solvent stream from the hair wash enters the first distiller operating below atmospheric pressure. To maintain a constant 30% wool fat concentration in the first distiller, a constant effluent of about 330 kg / h was taken from the boiling bath via the first distiller fat and oil extraction pump and the second distillation. Sent to the vessel. The recondensed clean solvent liquid is then pumped to the clean solvent tank via the first still solvent extraction pump.

In the second distiller, the liquid from the first distiller is concentrated to 80% fat and oil concentration. 120 kg /
A flow rate of h is removed from the boiling bath via the second distiller fat and oil extraction pump and sent to the third distiller. The recondensed clean solvent liquid is pumped through the second distiller to the clean solvent tank.

In the third still, the bath is electrically heated and solvent vapors are removed from the still by an injector pump immersed in the cold solvent bath at atmospheric pressure. The bath is cooled by freezing and the solvent vapor is condensed in the bath. This raises the bath level and solvent overflow goes to a clean solvent tank. Therefore, no third solvent liquid extraction pump is required.

From a clean solvent storage tank, a constant 500
0 l / h of solvent is pumped into the second solvent bowl 4 by means of a clean solvent pump. It is controlled by a leak level controller in a clean solvent tank. If the tank level drops, there is less outflow (flow back) from the washer than the flow pumped to the washer (resulting in solvent loss), and the solvent formation pump moves from the solvent dump tank to the first distiller. Pump additional solvent.

In the case of elevated levels in the clean solvent tank, the excess simply flows out to the solvent dump tank via the overflow return.

The wool fat is progressively concentrated in the residue from the distiller to a fat concentration of greater than 95% of the final distiller discharge.

Significant energy is added to the circulating solvent by the various pumps in the system. These pumps include jet circulation pumps, co-current pumps and solvent and fat extraction pumps. To prevent excessive temperature rise of the solvent in the first and second solvent bowls 3 and 4, refrigeration spiral cooling is fitted to each bowl, preferably in the jetting area below the return bowl. Refrigeration can be supplied to this helix from the main distillation and refrigeration unit and bowl temperature is easily adjusted by a simple dial thermostat.

Steam control is an important preferred feature of the device of the present subject matter. All solvent-containing components such as the hair-washing device (3, 4) filters, tanks, centrifuges, etc. are kept under a slight negative pressure. This results in a small amount of air inflow at the leak rather than air / solvent vapor outflow, preventing accidental solvent vapor loss. In order to maintain the desired negative pressure, a small fan is connected on its suction side to all solvent-containing members. The solvent-laden air released from the fan is taken to a vapor recovery unit that uses a combination of refrigeration and carbon absorption vapor recovery. A refrigeration unit may be provided to cool the solvent loaded vapor to approximately -30 ° C. After cooling, the solvent vapor is heated again to ambient temperature.
During the cooling phase, solvent vapors are condensed and almost 4
Only leave% steam. This stream is then passed through a relatively small and fairly inexpensive carbon absorber to capture approximately 98% of the remaining solvent vapor and thus reduce solvent vapor emissions to around 17 kg / day. Emissions from the vapor recovery device are discharged outside the building in which the device is housed and emitted via an exhaust stack.

Thus, the entire device is environmentally acceptable due to little or no solvent leaking from the device, all foreign material is removed from the wool and dirt that may be useful as a chemical fertilizer. Particulate matter, such as, the fats and oils for further processing as described above, followed by vegetable matter in the conventional manner are recovered. The product of the device is clean, tangle-free, high-quality wool, powdered dirt and a higher recovered wool fat than results from conventional water washing procedures. Washed oil and fat waste products and protein waste products are usually acceptable for introduction as pollutants, for example in river systems. Current devices avoid this undesirable situation.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a wool treating apparatus for treating animal fiber, particularly raw wool, a solvent bowl, means for accommodating the fiber in the solvent bowl, An endless belt in the solvent bowl made to convey fibers through the solvent bowl, a spray made of solvent under pressure to clean the fibers as they traverse the solvent bowl on the endless belt. One or more solvent shower devices disposed in the solvent bowl, and the solvent bowl on a high portion of the endless belt that receives at least substantially pure solvent and is not in contact with the solvent in the solvent bowl. In the wool treatment method for treating animal fiber, especially raw wool, the fiber is made of dam that is designed to cause the solvent to drop rapidly. Is introduced into a solvent bowl, the fibers are conveyed onto an endless belt in the solvent bowl, and the fibers are showered with solvent from one or more solvent shower devices as the fibers are conveyed by the endless belt. , And abruptly dropping the solvent into the solvent bowl through a dam so as to clean wool on the high part of the endless belt at a position where the solvent that does not fall abruptly does not contact the solvent in the solvent bowl. Since it has a process configuration, it is possible to provide an improved animal fiber, in particular, an unprocessed wool treating apparatus and method having various characteristics as described above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a wool treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wool Treatment Device 2 Inlet Roller 3 First Solvent Bowl 4 Second Solvent Bowl 5 Endless Belt 6 Endless Belt 7 Shearing Device 8 First Dam 9 Shearing Device 10 Second Dam 11 Outlet 13 Solvent 14 Outlet 31 Filter 32 Filter 33 Filter 34 Waste drier 35 Foreign matter collection chamber 36 Distiller 37 Oil and fat collection tank 38 Condenser 39 Centrifuge 40 Solvent container 41 Final steam trap (carbon active absorption unit)

Claims (60)

[Claims] 1. A wool treating apparatus for treating animal fibers, especially raw wool, is provided with a solvent bowl, means for containing said fibers in said solvent bowl, and conveying said fibers through said solvent bowl. An endless belt in the solvent bowl, one or more disposed in the solvent bowl made to clean the fibers as they spray the solvent under pressure to traverse the solvent bowl on the endless belt A solvent shower device and a rapid drop of the solvent into the solvent bowl on a high portion of the endless belt that receives at least substantially pure solvent and is not in contact with the solvent in the solvent bowl. A wool treatment device characterized by comprising a dam. 2. The wool treatment apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a solvent outlet adapted to distribute the solvent to the damp wool contained in the solvent bowl. 3. A bowl exit region through which the wool purified in the solvent bowl is directed to a centrifuge, the bowl exit region being located adjacent an upper area of the tall endless belt portion. The wool treatment device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The fiber is disposed at a position near the fiber inlet end of the solvent bowl so as to force the fiber disposed on the endless belt so as to ride on the endless belt toward the fiber outlet end of the solvent bowl. Wool treatment device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a solvent co-outlet adapted to introduce the solvent under pressure into the solvent bowl. 5. A bowl adapted to receive a predetermined amount of solvent from said solvent bowl to filter said solvent and return said solvent in substantially pure form to said one or more shower devices. A wool treatment device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a filter. 6. Wool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pure solvent further comprises a solvent container from which it can be directed through the dam into the solvent bowl. Processing equipment. 7. The method according to claim 3, further comprising means for introducing solvent vapor from the solvent bowl and the centrifuge to a condenser and means for introducing solvent from the condenser to the container. The wool treatment device according to item 1. 8. The method of claim 7 further comprising a final vapor trap adapted to receive residual vapor from the condenser, the final vapor trap being a carbon active absorption unit vented to the atmosphere. The described wool treatment device. 9. A filter layer adapted to receive spent solvent contaminated with dirt and fats and oils from said solvent bowl, further comprising a filter layer.
The wool treatment device according to any one of 1. 10. The wool treatment device according to claim 9, wherein the waste material filtered by the bowl filter is introduced into the filter layer. 11. Wool treatment according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the dirt from the filter layer is led to a waste dryer and the fats and oils and the solvent are led from the filter layer to a series of distillers. apparatus. 12. The wool treatment device according to claim 11, wherein a solvent is withdrawn from the waste dryer and from the distiller and introduced into the solvent container. 13. The wool treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the waste from the waste dryer is guided to a foreign matter collection chamber. 14. The oil / fat from the distiller is led to an oil / fat collection tank.
The wool treatment device according to any one of 3 above. 15. A wool treatment device according to any one of the preceding claims, which is substantially sealed to the atmosphere and is adapted to operate at a pressure slightly below atmospheric pressure. 16. A wool treatment apparatus for treating raw (non-defatted) wool, the first solvent bowl having an inlet end and an outlet end;
Means for transporting raw wool to the inlet end of the solvent bowl; first endless belt in the first solvent bowl adapted to transport wool through the first solvent bowl; the wool being the first One or more first solvent bowl solvent shower devices for cleaning said wool by spraying the solvent under pressure when transported by the endless belt of the solvent bowl; for transporting wool therethrough A second solvent bowl having an inlet end and an outlet end with a second endless belt; sprayed with solvent under pressure as the wool traverses the second solvent bowl to further purify the wool 1
Or more second solvent bowl shower devices; on the wool on the raised portion of the first endless belt that receives the solvent from the second solvent bowl and is not in contact with the solvent in the first solvent bowl. First dam means adapted to cause the solvent in the second solvent bowl to drop abruptly; located at a higher portion of the second endless belt that receives pure solvent and is not in contact with the solvent in the second solvent bowl Second dam means adapted to cause the pure solvent to drop abruptly over the formed wool; convey the wool to the outlet end of the second solvent bowl for entry into the inlet end of the second solvent bowl A wool treatment device comprising the above-mentioned first endless belt. 17. The wool treatment device of claim 16 further comprising a solvent outlet adapted to distribute the solvent to the damp wool that enters the first bowl. 18. A centrifugal machine, further comprising a centrifugal machine through which wool is guided through the outlet end of the second solvent bowl, the outlet from the second solvent bowl being the high endless belt of the second solvent bowl. 18. The wool treatment device according to claim 16 or 17, which is adjacent to an upper end of the endless belt portion. 19. Further, the first and second solvent bowls are provided with respective inlet ends thereof so as to ride on the endless belt toward respective outlet ends of the first and second solvent bowls. 19. A solvent co-outlet adapted to introduce solvent under pressure into the first and second solvent bowls to force the fibers disposed on the two endless belts. Either one
The wool treatment device according to the item. 20. Further comprising a first bowl filter and a second bowl filter, said bowl filters receiving a predetermined amount of solvent from said first and second solvent bowls and filtering said solvent amount and Wool treatment device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is adapted to return the purified solvent to the respective first and second bowl shower devices. 21. A solvent container according to any of claims 16 to 20, further comprising a solvent container in which pure solvent can be directed for entry into the second solvent bowl via the second dam. The wool treatment device according to item 1. 22. The method of claim 18, further comprising means for directing solvent vapor from the first and second solvent bowls and the centrifuge to a condenser and means for directing solvent from the condenser to the vessel. 22. The wool treatment device according to claim 21, which is added to any one of claims 20 to 20. 23. The method of claim 22, further comprising a final vapor trap adapted to receive residual vapor from the condenser, the final vapor trap being a carbon active absorption unit vented to the atmosphere. The described wool treatment device. 24. The method of claim 21, further comprising a filter layer adapted to receive spent solvent contaminated with dirt and fats from the first solvent bowl.
24. The wool treatment device according to any one of items 23 to 23. 25. The wool treatment device according to claim 24, wherein waste material filtered by the bowl filter is introduced into the filter layer. 26. Wool treatment according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the dirt from the filter layer is led to a waste dryer and the fats and oils and solvents are led from the filter layer to a series of stills. apparatus. 27. The wool treatment device according to claim 26, wherein solvent is drawn from the waste dryer and from the distiller and introduced into the solvent container. 28. The wool treatment device according to claim 26, wherein the waste from the waste dryer is guided to a foreign matter collection chamber. 29. The oil / fat from the distiller is led to an oil / fat collection tank.
The wool treatment device according to any one of 8 above. 30. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is substantially sealed to the atmosphere and operated at a pressure slightly below atmospheric pressure.
The wool treatment device according to any one of 6 to 29. 31. In a wool treatment method for treating animal fibers, especially raw wool, the fibers are introduced into a solvent bowl and the fibers are conveyed onto an endless belt in the solvent bowl, wherein the fibers are The fibers of the endless belt are showered with solvent from one or more solvent shower devices as they are carried by the endless belt, and the abruptly falling solvent is high in the endless belt at locations not in contact with the solvent in the solvent bowl A method for treating wool, comprising the step of rapidly dropping the solvent into the solvent bowl through a dam so as to purify the wool on the portion. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising the step of wetting the fibers contained in the solvent bowl with a solvent dispensed through the solvent outlet. 33. The method further comprises guiding treated wool from the solvent bowl to a centrifuge, wherein the fibers exit the solvent bowl from a bowl outlet section located adjacent the upper area of the tall endless belt section. 33. The method for treating wool according to claim 31 or 32, characterized in that 34. The solvent is further placed at a position to force fibers disposed on the endless belt near the inlet end of the solvent bowl such that the endless belt rides toward the fiber outlet end of the solvent bowl. 34. The method of treating wool according to claim 31 or 33, comprising the step of introducing a co-stream of solvent into the bowl. 35. A bowl filter is further utilized to filter a predetermined amount of solvent from the solvent bowl and return the filtered solvent in substantially pure form to the one or more shower devices. 35. The method for treating wool according to claim 31 or 34, which comprises a step. 36. A method according to any one of claims 31 to 35, further comprising the step of directing pure solvent from a solvent container through the dam for entry into the solvent bowl. Wool treatment method. 37. The method of claim 33, further comprising directing solvent vapor from the solvent bowl and the centrifuge to a condenser and then directing solvent from the condenser to the vessel. The wool treatment method according to claim 36, which is added to item 1. 38. The method of claim 37, further comprising the step of directing residual vapor from the condenser to a final vapor trap, the final vapor trap being a carbon active absorption unit vented to the atmosphere. Wool treatment method. 39. The method of claim 36, further comprising the step of directing spent solvent contaminated with dirt and fats and oils from the solvent bowl to the filter layer.
The wool treatment method according to any one of 1. 40. The method of treating wool according to claim 39, comprising the step of introducing waste material filtered by the bowl filter to the filter layer. 41. The method of claim 39 or 40, further comprising the step of directing waste from the filter layer to a waste dryer and directing fats and oils and solvent from the filter layer to a series of stills. Wool treatment method. 42. The method of treating wool according to claim 41, comprising the steps of drawing solvent from the waste dryer and from the distiller and introducing the solvent to the solvent container. 43. The wool treatment method according to claim 41 or 42, which comprises the step of guiding the waste from the waste dryer to a foreign matter collection chamber. 44. The method according to claim 41, comprising the step of introducing the oil / fat from the distiller to an oil / fat collection tank.
44. The wool treatment method according to any one of items 43 to 43. 45. The method of claim 3 comprising the step of sealing the device to which it is directed substantially to the atmosphere and operating the device at a pressure slightly below atmospheric pressure.
The wool treatment method according to any one of 0 to 44. 46. In a wool treatment method for treating raw (non-defatted) wool, said raw (non-defatted) wool is introduced into the inlet end of a first solvent bowl, said raw Wool is conveyed onto an endless belt in the first solvent bowl, and when the raw wool is carried by the endless belt of the first solvent bowl, the raw wool is showered with a solvent shower sprayed under pressure. A dam on the wool as it conveys the wool to the high portion of the first endless belt and when the wool is placed on the high portion of the first endless belt above the level of solvent in the first solvent bowl. The solvent is dropped abruptly through the wool and the wool is removed from the end of the endless belt of the first solvent bowl to the second end.
To the endless belt of the solvent bowl, the wool is conveyed through the second solvent bowl to the endless belt of the second solvent bowl, the wool on the endless belt of the second solvent bowl is in the second solvent bowl Bathing the shower with a solvent that is sprayed under pressure from one or more shower devices located at, and then transporting the wool to a higher portion of the endless belt of the second solvent bowl, where the wool is of the solvent bowl. The pure solvent is abruptly dropped from a dam in a second solvent bowl into which the pure solvent is introduced, as it is conveyed to the high end of the endless belt, and the wool exits the second solvent bowl. A method for treating wool, comprising the steps of: 47. The wool treatment method according to claim 46, further comprising the step of wetting the wool introduced into the first solvent bowl with a solvent distributed from a solvent outlet. 48. The method of claim 46, further comprising the step of introducing the wool from the outlet end of the second solvent bowl to a centrifuge and drying the wool therein.
The wool treatment method described in. 49. At each inlet end of the first and second solvent bowls so as to ride on the first and second endless belts toward the respective outlet ends of the first and second solvent bowls. , A solvent co-flow into each of the first and second solvent bowls for introducing solvent into the first and second solvent bowls to force wool disposed on the first and second endless belts, respectively. 47. The method according to claim 46 or 4, comprising the step of supplying
The wool treatment method according to any one of 8 above. 50. Further, first and second bowl filters are provided, and a solvent is introduced from the first and second solvent bowls to the first and second bowl filters in a predetermined amount, and the first and second bowl filters are introduced. Filtering a predetermined amount of solvent in a bowl filter and transferring the clarified solvent from the first and second bowl filters to the first and second bowl filters.
50. The method of treating wool according to any one of claims 46 or 49, comprising the step of returning to the shower device of the solvent bowl. 51. The method further comprising the step of providing a solvent container and directing the pure solvent from the solvent container through the dam of the second solvent bowl for entry into the second solvent bowl. The wool treatment method according to any one of claims 46 to 50. 52. The method further comprising directing solvent vapor from the first and second solvent bowls and the centrifuge to a condenser and further directing solvent from the condenser to the vessel. 52. The wool treatment method according to claim 51, which is added to any one of claims 50 to 50. 53. The method of claim 52, further comprising directing residual vapor from the condenser to a final vapor trap, the final vapor trap being a carbon active absorption unit vented to the atmosphere. Wool treatment method. 54. Wool treatment according to any one of claims 51 to 53, further comprising guiding spent solvent contaminated with dirt and fats and oils to the filter layer from the solvent bowl. Method. 55. The method of claim 54, comprising the step of introducing waste material filtered by the first and second bowl filters into the filter layer. 56. The method of claim 54 or 55, further comprising the step of directing waste from the filter layer to a waste dryer and directing fats and oils and solvent from the filter layer to a series of stills. Wool treatment method. 57. The method for treating wool according to claim 56, further comprising the steps of drawing a solvent from the waste drier and from the distiller and introducing the drawn solvent into the solvent container. 58. The wool treatment method according to claim 56 or 57, which comprises the step of guiding the waste from the waste dryer to a foreign matter collection chamber. 59. The method according to claim 56, comprising the step of introducing the oil / fat from the distiller to an oil / fat collection tank.
59. The wool treatment method according to any one of items 58 to 58. 60. The method according to claim 46, comprising the step of introducing the method in a device which is substantially sealed to the atmosphere and which is operated at a pressure slightly below atmospheric pressure. The wool treatment method described in.