KR930024351A - 교차연결 통신 네트워크용 연결 경로의 선택 방법 및 시스템 - Google Patents
교차연결 통신 네트워크용 연결 경로의 선택 방법 및 시스템 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR930024351A KR930024351A KR1019930008401A KR930008401A KR930024351A KR 930024351 A KR930024351 A KR 930024351A KR 1019930008401 A KR1019930008401 A KR 1019930008401A KR 930008401 A KR930008401 A KR 930008401A KR 930024351 A KR930024351 A KR 930024351A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- array
- stage
- input
- output
- switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
- H04L49/101—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction using crossbar or matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/10—Packet switching elements characterised by the switching fabric construction
- H04L49/104—Asynchronous transfer mode [ATM] switching fabrics
- H04L49/105—ATM switching elements
- H04L49/106—ATM switching elements using space switching, e.g. crossbar or matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
- H04L49/1553—Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/15—Interconnection of switching modules
- H04L49/1553—Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics
- H04L49/1576—Crossbar or matrix
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/256—Routing or path finding in ATM switching fabrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/64—Distributing or queueing
- H04Q3/68—Grouping or interlacing selector groups or stages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/64—Distributing or queueing
- H04Q3/68—Grouping or interlacing selector groups or stages
- H04Q3/685—Circuit arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J2203/00—Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
- H04J2203/0001—Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
- H04J2203/0003—Switching fabrics, e.g. transport network, control network
- H04J2203/0012—Switching modules and their interconnections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/54—Store-and-forward switching systems
- H04L12/56—Packet switching systems
- H04L12/5601—Transfer mode dependent, e.g. ATM
- H04L2012/5625—Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM]
- H04L2012/5627—Fault tolerance and recovery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1302—Relay switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1304—Coordinate switches, crossbar, 4/2 with relays, coupling field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13056—Routines, finite state machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13076—Distributing frame, MDF, cross-connect switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13141—Hunting for free outlet, circuit or channel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13144—Searching path through number of switching stages or nodes, e.g. revertive blocking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13146—Rerouting upon blocking/overload, rearrangement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/1334—Configuration within the switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
- H04Q2213/13341—Connections within the switch
Landscapes
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Use Of Switch Circuits For Exchanges And Methods Of Control Of Multiplex Exchanges (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Meter Arrangements (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Exchange Systems With Centralized Control (AREA)
- Multi Processors (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US88359492A | 1992-05-14 | 1992-05-14 | |
| US7/883,594 | 1992-05-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR930024351A true KR930024351A (ko) | 1993-12-22 |
Family
ID=25382918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019930008401A Abandoned KR930024351A (ko) | 1992-05-14 | 1993-05-14 | 교차연결 통신 네트워크용 연결 경로의 선택 방법 및 시스템 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5408231A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| EP (1) | EP0569913B1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| JP (1) | JPH0638256A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| KR (1) | KR930024351A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| CN (1) | CN1081053A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| AT (1) | ATE188321T1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| CA (1) | CA2096208C (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| DE (1) | DE69327423T2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| FI (1) | FI932177A7 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| SG (1) | SG50629A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
| TW (1) | TW223205B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) |
Families Citing this family (72)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5317310A (en) * | 1992-05-14 | 1994-05-31 | Alcatel Network Systems, Inc. | Method and system for selecting an optimal rearrangement sequence for a cross-connect communication matrix |
| SG49119A1 (en) * | 1992-05-14 | 1998-05-18 | Alcatel Nv | Methods and system for immediately connecting and reswitching digital cross-connect networks |
| JP3094849B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-21 | 2000-10-03 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 並列計算機およびその多段結合網 |
| US5805574A (en) * | 1995-07-28 | 1998-09-08 | Motorola, Inc. | Adaptive switch resource allocation in a satellite communication system |
| CN1117488C (zh) * | 1995-08-07 | 2003-08-06 | 英国电讯有限公司 | 通信网络中的路径寻找 |
| US5754120A (en) * | 1995-12-21 | 1998-05-19 | Lucent Technologies | Network congestion measurement method and apparatus |
| US5987027A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1999-11-16 | Alcatel | Cross-connect multirate/multicast SDH/SONET rearrangement procedure and cross-connect using same |
| DE19742656C2 (de) * | 1997-09-26 | 2003-02-27 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern einer Vermittlungsvorrichtung |
| SE515666C2 (sv) * | 1998-07-17 | 2001-09-17 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Pålitlig och robust ATM-växel |
| US6195553B1 (en) | 1999-04-20 | 2001-02-27 | Analytical Graphics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for determining optimal paths among objects of a communications network |
| KR100332410B1 (ko) * | 1999-09-28 | 2002-04-13 | 서평원 | 유사 클로즈 네트워크에서의 가상컨테이너 신호들의 복합경로 탐색방법 |
| GB2365660A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2002-02-20 | British Telecomm | Circuit switching |
| US20030058848A1 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2003-03-27 | Velio Communications, Inc. | Scheduling clos networks |
| US6870838B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2005-03-22 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Multistage digital cross connect with integral frame timing |
| US7260092B2 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2007-08-21 | Lsi Corporation | Time slot interchanger |
| US7301941B2 (en) * | 2000-04-11 | 2007-11-27 | Lsi Corporation | Multistage digital cross connect with synchronized configuration switching |
| IL136176A (en) | 2000-05-16 | 2004-02-19 | Lightscape Networks Ltd | Rearrangement of data streams |
| US7111073B1 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2006-09-19 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Apparatus for estimating delay and jitter between network routers |
| US6868068B1 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2005-03-15 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for estimating delay and jitter between network routers |
| US6816487B1 (en) * | 2000-07-20 | 2004-11-09 | Nortel Networks Limited | Mapping of high bandwidth connections in a multi-stage switch |
| US6912203B1 (en) | 2000-07-31 | 2005-06-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for estimating delay and jitter between many network routers using measurements between a preferred set of routers |
| US6614904B1 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2003-09-02 | Alcatel | Apparatus and method for effecting a communication arrangement between switch arrays |
| US6687253B1 (en) * | 2000-10-19 | 2004-02-03 | Interactic Holdings, Llc | Scaleable wormhole-routing concentrator |
| RU2188520C1 (ru) * | 2000-12-25 | 2002-08-27 | Закурдаев Сергей Васильевич | Многоярусная иерархическая радиально-кольцевая сеть связи |
| US20020159453A1 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-10-31 | Foster Michael S. | Method and system for label table caching in a routing device |
| US7346049B2 (en) | 2002-05-17 | 2008-03-18 | Brian Patrick Towles | Scheduling connections in a multi-stage switch to retain non-blocking properties of constituent switching elements |
| CN1323496C (zh) * | 2002-05-23 | 2007-06-27 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 同步数字体系光传输系统中电路业务自动指配的方法 |
| US7802049B2 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2010-09-21 | Intel Corporation | Links having flexible lane allocation |
| US7330428B2 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2008-02-12 | Lsi Logic Corporation | Grooming switch hardware scheduler |
| RU2265967C2 (ru) * | 2003-03-07 | 2005-12-10 | Тамбовский военный авиационный инженерный институт | Иерархическая сеть связи |
| US7958295B1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2011-06-07 | Pmc-Sierra Us, Inc. | Method and apparatus for finding subset maxima and minima in SAS expanders and related devices |
| DE602005008569D1 (de) * | 2005-05-31 | 2008-09-11 | Nokia Siemens Networks Gmbh | Methode zur Schutzumschaltung |
| US8150019B2 (en) * | 2007-08-10 | 2012-04-03 | Smith Robert B | Path redundant hardware efficient communications interconnect system |
| TWI350486B (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2011-10-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Biometrics method and apparatus and biometric data encryption method thereof |
| US7860100B2 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2010-12-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Service path selection in a service network |
| US8442043B2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2013-05-14 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Service selection mechanism in service insertion architecture data plane |
| US8798077B2 (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2014-08-05 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for standard protocol validation mechanisms deployed over a switch fabric system |
| US8780896B2 (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2014-07-15 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for validation of equal cost multi path (ECMP) paths in a switch fabric system |
| US8743885B2 (en) | 2011-05-03 | 2014-06-03 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Mobile service routing in a network environment |
| US20130227190A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-29 | Raytheon Company | High Data-Rate Processing System |
| US9794379B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2017-10-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | High-efficiency service chaining with agentless service nodes |
| DE102013019643A1 (de) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Zweistufiger Kreuzschienenverteiler und Verfahren zum Betrieb |
| US9379931B2 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2016-06-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for transporting information to services in a network environment |
| US9479443B2 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2016-10-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for transporting information to services in a network environment |
| US10417025B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2019-09-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method to chain distributed applications in a network environment |
| USRE48131E1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2020-07-28 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Metadata augmentation in a service function chain |
| US9660909B2 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2017-05-23 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Network service header metadata for load balancing |
| US9762402B2 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2017-09-12 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method to facilitate the assignment of service functions for service chains in a network environment |
| US11044203B2 (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2021-06-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for hosting mobile packet core and value-added services using a software defined network and service chains |
| US10187306B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2019-01-22 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for improved service chaining |
| US10931793B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2021-02-23 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for automated rendering of service chaining |
| US10419550B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2019-09-17 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Automatic service function validation in a virtual network environment |
| US10218616B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2019-02-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Link selection for communication with a service function cluster |
| US10320664B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2019-06-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Cloud overlay for operations administration and management |
| US10225270B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2019-03-05 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Steering of cloned traffic in a service function chain |
| US10218593B2 (en) | 2016-08-23 | 2019-02-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Identifying sources of packet drops in a service function chain environment |
| US10361969B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2019-07-23 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for managing chained services in a network environment |
| US10225187B2 (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2019-03-05 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for providing a bit indexed service chain |
| US10257033B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2019-04-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Virtualized network functions and service chaining in serverless computing infrastructure |
| US10884807B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2021-01-05 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Serverless computing and task scheduling |
| US10178646B2 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2019-01-08 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method to facilitate slice management in a network environment |
| US10333855B2 (en) | 2017-04-19 | 2019-06-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Latency reduction in service function paths |
| US10554689B2 (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2020-02-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Secure communication session resumption in a service function chain |
| US10735275B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2020-08-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Releasing and retaining resources for use in a NFV environment |
| US10798187B2 (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2020-10-06 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Secure service chaining |
| US10397271B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-08-27 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Distributed denial of service mitigation for web conferencing |
| US10673698B2 (en) | 2017-07-21 | 2020-06-02 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Service function chain optimization using live testing |
| US11063856B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2021-07-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Virtual network function monitoring in a network function virtualization deployment |
| US10791065B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 | 2020-09-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing container attributes as part of OAM techniques |
| US11018981B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2021-05-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for replication container performance and policy validation using real time network traffic |
| US10541893B2 (en) | 2017-10-25 | 2020-01-21 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for obtaining micro-service telemetry data |
| US10666612B2 (en) | 2018-06-06 | 2020-05-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Service chains for inter-cloud traffic |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE625225A (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) * | 1961-11-24 | |||
| DE1252754B (de) * | 1965-07-24 | 1967-10-26 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Aktien gesellschaft, Stuttgart Zuflenhausen | Wege suchnetzwerk zur Ermittlung eines freien Weges durch em Koppelfeld, fur Fern melde-, insbesondere Fernsprechvermittlungsanlagen |
| SE381548B (sv) * | 1974-12-20 | 1975-12-08 | Ellemtel Utvecklings Ab | Anordning for omstyrning av veljarnet |
| US4038497A (en) * | 1975-05-12 | 1977-07-26 | Collins Arthur A | Hardwired marker for time folded tst switch with distributed control logic and automatic path finding, set up and release |
| US4394541A (en) * | 1981-01-02 | 1983-07-19 | Seiden Lewis J | Three stage minimum configuration conditionally non-blocking matrix |
| US4993016A (en) * | 1989-05-08 | 1991-02-12 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Network control arrangement for processing a plurality of connection requests |
| US4991168A (en) * | 1989-05-08 | 1991-02-05 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Concurrent multi-stage network control arrangement |
-
1993
- 1993-05-10 DE DE69327423T patent/DE69327423T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-10 EP EP93107586A patent/EP0569913B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-10 SG SG1996007198A patent/SG50629A1/en unknown
- 1993-05-10 AT AT93107586T patent/ATE188321T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-13 CA CA002096208A patent/CA2096208C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-13 FI FI932177A patent/FI932177A7/fi unknown
- 1993-05-13 JP JP5135246A patent/JPH0638256A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1993-05-14 KR KR1019930008401A patent/KR930024351A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 1993-05-14 CN CN93105746A patent/CN1081053A/zh active Pending
- 1993-06-23 TW TW082105045A patent/TW223205B/zh active
-
1994
- 1994-07-29 US US08/282,705 patent/US5408231A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2096208C (en) | 2001-07-17 |
| SG50629A1 (en) | 1998-07-20 |
| EP0569913B1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
| DE69327423D1 (de) | 2000-02-03 |
| FI932177A7 (fi) | 1993-11-15 |
| DE69327423T2 (de) | 2000-06-08 |
| ATE188321T1 (de) | 2000-01-15 |
| CA2096208A1 (en) | 1993-11-15 |
| EP0569913A2 (en) | 1993-11-18 |
| US5408231A (en) | 1995-04-18 |
| JPH0638256A (ja) | 1994-02-10 |
| FI932177A0 (fi) | 1993-05-13 |
| EP0569913A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| CN1081053A (zh) | 1994-01-19 |
| TW223205B (cg-RX-API-DMAC10.html) | 1994-05-01 |
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