KR900006271B1 - Making process of a artificial mat for the rice planter - Google Patents

Making process of a artificial mat for the rice planter Download PDF

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Publication number
KR900006271B1
KR900006271B1 KR1019870014072A KR870014072A KR900006271B1 KR 900006271 B1 KR900006271 B1 KR 900006271B1 KR 1019870014072 A KR1019870014072 A KR 1019870014072A KR 870014072 A KR870014072 A KR 870014072A KR 900006271 B1 KR900006271 B1 KR 900006271B1
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South Korea
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weight
mat
pulp
rice planter
making process
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KR1019870014072A
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Korean (ko)
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KR890009247A (en
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신원규
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신원규
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/044—Sheets, multiple sheets or mats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/27—Pulp, e.g. bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A process for preparing artificial mat for the rice planter comprises (a) mixing 60-90 wt.% 5-150 meshes of cinerated vermiculate, pulp or 10-40 wt.% crude pulverized disuse waste, urea, ammonium sulfate, 1-8 wt.% phosphatic fertilizer and plant growth regulator and doughing the mixture with water, (b) putting it in a mold, pressing and dehydrating and (c)drying and sterilizing it to the 5-10% water content at 80-120 deg.C for 30-60 min.

Description

벼 이앙기계용 인공 육묘매트의 제조방법Manufacturing method of artificial seedling mat for rice transplanting machine

본 발명은 풍화한 흑운모로 구성된 점토광물인 버미큐라이트(VERMICULITE)를 소성 처리한 것에 펄프 또는 조분쇄한 폐종이류를 혼합한 다음 여기에 요소, 황산암모니아, 인산질소비료 및 미량의 식물생장 조정제를 혼합하여 형틀에 넣어 일정한 크기와 두께로 가압하고 탈수 한 후 살균, 건조하여 제조되는 벼 이앙기계용 인공 육묘매트의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention mixes pulp or coarsely pulverized paper with calcined clay mineral VERMICULITE composed of weathered biotite and then adds urea, ammonia sulphate, phosphate fertilizer and trace plant growth regulator. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial seedling mats for rice transplanting machines, which are prepared by mixing, pressing into a mold and having a predetermined size and thickness, followed by dehydration and drying.

종래 시행되고 있는 벼 이앙기계용 육묘상토의 일반적인 조제 및 사용방법은 월동전에 채토하여 쇄토(碎土), pH조정, 체로치기, 다지기, 비료섞기 및 살균제 살포, 상토의 운반, 이앙기계용 상자에 상토담기, 관수, 파종 끝으로 복토로 이어지는 여러단계의 작업과정을 거치게 되므로 과중한 노력과 경비가 소요되어 비경제적 이었으며, 또한 종래의 상토로 사용되는 토양은 보비력, 보수력이 낮고 공기와 수분의 교환능력이 적어 묘의 생육환경이 불량하고, 또한 화학비료, 농약 등 화학적 물질에 오염되어 있어 묘의 생육에 지장이 있게 되며, 상토로 조성되는 부식물의 부식도가 일정하지 못할 경우 수분, 온도 등 외부조건에 의하여 분해되는 과정에서 유해한 미생물과 가스가 생성 방출됨으로 인하여 묘의 생육에 장해가 큰 문제점이 있었다. 따라서, 본 발명자는 이와 같은 여러가지 단점을 해소키 위하여 연구 검토한 결과 일반 상토 대신에 점토광물인 버미큐라이트(VERMICULlTE)를 주원료의 하나로 사용하되, 그 결정구조가 파괴되지 아니하는 통상의 온도에서 소성 처리하여 흡착, 흡유가 및 흡습성을 높여서 보비력, 보수력, 통기성 및 투수성이 우수한 대용 상토 원료를 얻은 다음, 이를 일정한 크기로 분쇄하고 여기에 일정비율의 펄프 또는 조마쇄한 폐종이류를 혼합한 후 다시 여기에 적량의 비료(요소, 황산암모니아, 인산질비료) 및 미량의 식물생장 조정제를 물에 희석하여 첨가 혼합함과 동시에 pH를 4.5-5.5로 소정한 후 일정한 형틀에 그 조성물을 넣고 일정한 크기와 두께(가로 29cm, 세로 28cm, 높이 1-2.5cm 정도가 바람직함)가 되게 가압하여 탈수 성형한 다음,80℃-120℃의 온도에서 30분-60분간 건조(수분함량 5-10%)함과 동시에 살균함으로서 본 발명의 벼이앙기계용 인공 육묘매트의 제조방법을 완성하였다.Conventionally prepared and used methods of seedling clay for rice transplanting machine are mined before wintering, followed by digging up the soil, adjusting pH, sifting, compacting, mixing fertilizer and disinfectant, transporting soil, transporting to the box for rice transplanting. As it goes through the multi-step work process that leads to soil cover, soil, irrigation, and sowing, it is uneconomical due to heavy effort and expense. The growth of seedlings is poor and the seedlings are poorly contaminated with chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc., which may interfere with the growth of seedlings. The harmful microorganisms and gases are generated and released during the process, which is a major obstacle to the growth of seedlings. Therefore, the present inventors have studied and researched in order to solve these various disadvantages, but instead of ordinary clay, clay mineral VERMICULlTE is used as one of the main raw materials, but it is fired at a normal temperature where its crystal structure is not destroyed. Treatment to increase adsorption, oil absorption and hygroscopicity to obtain substitute clay raw materials with excellent binding, water retention, breathability and permeability, and then crush them to a certain size and mix a certain percentage of pulp or pulverized waste paper. In addition, a small amount of fertilizer (urea, ammonia sulfate, phosphate fertilizer) and a small amount of plant growth regulator are diluted and added to water, and the pH is adjusted to 4.5-5.5. (29cm wide, 28cm long, 1-2.5cm high is preferred) to form a dehydration, and then 30 minutes-60 at a temperature of 80 ℃ -120 ℃ Thereby completing the inter-dried (moisture content 5-10%), and at the same time production method of an artificial mat for raising seedling rice transplanting machine according to the present invention by sterilizing.

이와 같은 본 발명의 제조방법에 의하여 제조된 벼 이앙기계용 인공 육묘매트는 그 주성분중의 하나인 버미큐라이트가 보비력, 보수력등의 특성이 우수하므로 비료의 낭비가 없고 묘의 생육에 유의하며, 묘상에서 병충해나 유해한 미생물의 피해가 전혀 없고 또한 통기성과 투수성이 양호하여 묘상의 유기물이 정상적으로 분해되고 다공성으로 인한 산소의 유입이 용이하여 유용한 미생물의 활동을 원활하게 함으로써 묘의 생육을양호하게 하는 특징이 있다.The artificial seedling mat for rice transplanting machine manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention as described above has one of its main components, vermiculite, having excellent characteristics such as bobbin power and water retention, so there is no waste of fertilizer and care for seedling growth. There is no damage of pests or harmful microorganisms at the same time, and the breathability and permeability are good, so the organic matter of seedling is decomposed normally and oxygen is easily introduced due to porosity, which facilitates the growth of useful microorganisms. have.

또한, 본 발명에서 일정비율의 펄프 또는 조마쇄한 폐종이를 혼합하는 것은 버미큐라이트가 취성이 강하여 그 자체만으로는 인공 육묘매트를 제조할 수 없기 때문에 인공 육묘매트의 형성능을 높임과 동시에 관수시에는 펄프 또는 폐종이가 물을 흡수하여 팽창되므로 해서 버미큐라이트 입자 사이에 통기성 및 투수성을 높이는 작용을 부여하기 때문이다.In addition, in the present invention, the mixing of pulp or crushed waste paper with a certain ratio is very difficult to produce artificial seedling mats due to the strong brittleness of vermiculite, which increases the formation ability of artificial seedling mats and at the same time watering. This is because the pulp or waste paper absorbs water and expands, thereby imparting an effect of improving breathability and permeability between the vermiculite particles.

이와 같이 일정비율의 버미큐라이트에 일정비율의 펄프 또는 폐종이류를 혼합한 본 발명의 인공 육묘매트는 건조(수분함량 5-10%)하였을 때에는 단단하고 가벼우므로 취급, 운반 및 보관이 용이하여 간편하게 사용할 수 있는 잇점이 있다.As such, the artificial seedling mat of the present invention, in which pulp or waste paper is mixed with a predetermined ratio of vermiculite, is hard and light when dried (5 to 10% moisture content), so it is easy to handle, transport, and store. There is an advantage to use.

이와 같이 제조된 본 발명의 인공 육묘매트는 필요시 묘판상자에 2개를 넣고 관수하면 5-15분 사이에 부드럽고 폭신한 묘상이 되므로 파종한 다음, 별도로 준비한 흙으로 복토함으로씨 여러단계의 상토제작 및 묘상조정과정을 생략할 수 있는 것으로 이를 실시예에 의하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.The artificial seedling mat of the present invention prepared as described above is placed in a seedling box, if necessary, so that it becomes a soft and thick seedbed between 5-15 minutes, sowing, and then seeding with soil prepared separately, and then making soils of various stages. The drawing adjustment process may be omitted, which will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

[실시예]EXAMPLE

통상의 소성온도로 소성한 버미큐라이트를 5-150매쉬로 분쇄한 분쇄물 60-90중량%와 펄프 또는 조분쇄한 폐종이류 10-40중량%로 조성된 매트의 기재물에 적량의 수분을 가하면서 균일하게 혼합한 다음, 여기에 오소, 황산암모니아 및 인산질비료를 1-8중량%의 비율로 혼합하고 미량의 식물생장 조절제를 첨가한다음, PH를 4.5-5.5로 조절하면서 반죽하고 얻어진 반죽물을 밑면에 미세한 탈수공이 천공된 형틀(예를들면, 가로 20-60cm, 세로 20-90cm, 높이 1-5cm)에 건조 후 중량이 600-1500g 정도가 되도록 충진한후 가압, 탈수한 다음,80-120℃의 온도에서 수분함량이 5-10%가 되도록 30-60분간 건조와 동시에 살균을 행하여 판상의 육묘용 매트를 제조하였다.A proper amount of moisture is applied to the base material of the mat composed of 60-90% by weight of the pulverized crushed vermiculite fired at a normal firing temperature with 5-150 mesh and 10-40% by weight of pulp or coarse waste paper. Mix uniformly with addition, mix oso, ammonia sulfate and phosphate fertilizer at a ratio of 1-8% by weight, add a small amount of plant growth regulator, knead with adjusting pH to 4.5-5.5 Water is dried in a mold (for example, 20-60cm wide, 20-90cm wide, 1-5cm high) with a fine dehydration hole at the bottom, and filled to a weight of 600-1500g, and then pressurized and dehydrated. The plate-like seedling mat was manufactured by drying and sterilizing at the same time for 30-60 minutes so that moisture content might be 5-10% at the temperature of 80-120 degreeC.

Claims (1)

5-150매쉬의 소성 버미큐라이트 60-90중량%와 펄프 또는 조분쇄한 폐종이류 10-40중량%로 조성된 매트의 기재물에 요소, 황산암모니아 및 인산질비료 1-8중량%와 미량의 식물성장 조절제를 혼합 수분을 가하여 반죽한 다음, 이를 형틀에 충진하여 가압, 탈수한 후 80-120℃의 온도에서 30-60분간 수분의 함량이 5-10%가 되도록 건조와 동시에 살균처리함을 특징으로 하는 벼 이앙기계용 인공 육묘매트의 제조방법.1 to 8% by weight of urea, ammonia sulfate and phosphate fertilizer and trace amounts in the base material of the mat composed of 60-90% by weight of 5-150 mesh calcined vermiculite and 10-40% by weight of pulp or coarse waste paper. After mixing the plant growth regulator with mixed moisture, filling it into a mold, pressurizing and dehydrating it, and drying and sterilizing it at the same time for 30-60 minutes at a temperature of 80-120 ° C so that the moisture content is 5-10%. Method for producing artificial seedling mat for rice transplanting machine characterized in that.
KR1019870014072A 1987-12-10 1987-12-10 Making process of a artificial mat for the rice planter KR900006271B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019870014072A KR900006271B1 (en) 1987-12-10 1987-12-10 Making process of a artificial mat for the rice planter

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1019870014072A KR900006271B1 (en) 1987-12-10 1987-12-10 Making process of a artificial mat for the rice planter

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KR890009247A KR890009247A (en) 1989-08-01
KR900006271B1 true KR900006271B1 (en) 1990-08-27

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