KR101852125B1 - Soil Composition Containing Earthworm Casting for Developing Green Area, and Method for Manufacturing the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil composition for the greenery composition containing earthworm-containing soil that enables plants to stably grow on a barren soil such as cut-off paper, and a method for producing the same, wherein the nutrients required for the plant are supplied to the soil composition, So that nutrients are not lost by rainwater.
The soil composition for soil composition of earthworms containing earthworm-modified soil prepared by the method of the present invention contains zeolite which is synthesized from coal ash and has increased cation displacement capacity and water holding capacity so that inorganic nutrients required for plant growth are not lost by rainwater, It is possible to form an environment suitable for the growth of plants on the same site where the same greening is necessary and also to bind the inorganic nutrients produced in the process of synthesizing zeolite from coal ash with the synthesized zeolite to supply the plant in an easy- To increase the water holding capacity and air permeability, and to prevent the soil from flowing down even on a slope, the plants can grow stably and enable efficient recording.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil composition for preparing green soil containing an earthworm-

The present invention relates to a soil composition for the greenery composition containing earthworm-containing soil that enables plants to stably grow on a barren soil such as cut-off paper, and a method for producing the same, wherein the nutrients required for the plant are supplied to the soil composition, So that nutrients are not lost by rainwater.

Damage of artificial natural disaster or large-scale construction such as cut slope and embankment slope requires greening due to strengthening of ground and scenery. As a method of this greening, vegetation-based re-installation method is used to produce herbaceous plants and wild flowers In the case where the slope of the slope is urgent, a method of attaching a vegetation-based material after an auxiliary support such as a wire mesh is installed is being carried out.

This greening method is an application method that makes an artificial condition that a plant grows naturally by spraying the soil of the soil with a good moisturizing power and is produced so as to contain a large amount of nutrients. The soil is covered with a surface layer to prevent surface erosion, The surface of the plant is stabilized and the germination of the plant seed and the growth of the plant make the plant community possible.

However, in the conventional method, dry vegetation-based re-installation method using a high-pressure compressor is used for vegetation-based material in case of a steep slope depending on the inclination of the target site, but the soil has high hardness due to drying of the vegetation-based material, , A wet vegetation-based re-installation method in which a vegetation-based material mixed with water is installed in the case of a mild slope, because the voids in the vegetation-based material disappear during the mixing of the vegetation-based material and the water, There is also a problem that the growth of plants is poor.

Also, in order to secure the intelligence of the vegetation of the plant and to form the soil condition for plant growth, organic matter such as livestock by-product or sewage sludge is supplied to the soil to nourish the soil. When the surface of the soil is hardened, the germination rate of the plant is low and the development is delayed. When the soil environment is changed while the environment is protected by mixing the industrial waste or municipal waste, There are many cases where the growth of plants is rather inhibited and there is a problem that they flow down due to the weight of vegetation-based ashes after construction.

In order to solve such a problem, Korean Patent Registration No. 0765909 discloses a method in which a spontaneously decomposing plant fiber net is spread and adhered to a construction site where civil works have been completed, and then fixed with a fixing pin. Then, a vegetation-based soil composition (such as feces, soil, , Pulp sludge, purified water sediment, vegetable fiber, peat moss) and liquid (water) are sprayed on the slope so that the vegetation-based soil composition having a high organic matter content is firmly adhered to slopes.

Korean Patent Registration No. 1108002 discloses a method of forming a continuous fiber reinforced soil layer and a natural cotton net layer on which a long fiber is put on the ground and adding a vegetable base material such as cotton wool, paper sludge, loess, And the plant anchors were used to secure stable settlement of the vegetation-based material and prevention of fall-off due to external pressure.

However, the above-mentioned inventions have a problem in that the control of nutrients and moisture required for germination and growth of plants is not optimized because the vegetation material is firmly attached to the slope so that the vegetation material does not flow down.

Thus, in Korean Patent Registration No. 1224632, there is disclosed a soil composting method, which is a method of producing soil, earthworm, soil, earthworm, bark compost, digestion, coco peat, microorganisms (Aspergillus spp., Rizophus spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacillus spp.), Stabilizing agent. The rye soil composition of the present invention improves the brittleness, moisturizing power and air permeability while uniformly growing the ground and underground parts of the plant, enhances the adhesion of the green vegetation and the erosion resistance of the soil, And accelerates the decomposition of various organic substances present in the soil, thereby improving the physico-chemical properties of the soil, thereby enabling efficient recording.

However, the soil formed in the open field becomes weaker due to the loss of the nutrients in the soil due to the irrigation or rainwater, and especially due to the influence of the acid rain due to air pollution, Cations such as magnesium can not be fixed on the soil and washed out in rainwater, which adversely affects the growth of plants.

Therefore, it is the biggest problem of green area composition that the salt necessary for plant growth is fixed to the soil and is not lost.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a worm waste fungus capable of maintaining an environment suitable for plant growth by preventing moisture and nutrients supplied to a site, And to provide a method for producing the soil composition.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a method for recovering coal ash by pulverizing coal ash, mixing with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a molar concentration of 3 to 5M, stirring for 2 to 5 hours, irradiating with microwave, Thereby synthesizing a zeolite; And 15 to 25 parts by weight of earthworm fungi and 5 to 15 parts by weight of zeolite synthesized from the coal material are mixed with 100 parts by weight of the organic fermented product obtained by fermenting a mixture of sludge and livestock by-products containing rice straw immersed in clay loam Wherein the soil composition contains earthworm-containing soil.

The present invention also relates to a method for producing a fermented product, which comprises 100 parts by weight of an organic fermented product obtained by fermenting a mixture of an animal by-product and a sludge including rice straw immersed in clay loam, 15-25 parts by weight of earthworms, 15-25 parts by weight of zeolite 5 to 15 parts by weight of coal and 5 to 10 parts by weight of coal carbide pyrolyzed with coal at 900 to 1100 ° C.

In this case, it is preferable to add 5 to 10 parts by weight of coal carbide based on 100 parts by weight of the organic fermentation product to the soil composition, and more preferably, the coal is produced by heating coal at 900 to 1100 ° C in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen condition.

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The soil composition for soil composition of earthworms containing earthworm-modified soil prepared by the method of the present invention contains zeolite which is synthesized from coal ash and has increased cation displacement capacity and water holding capacity so that inorganic nutrients required for plant growth are not lost by rainwater, It is possible to create an environment suitable for the growth of plants on a site where the same greening is required.

In addition, inorganic nutrients produced in the process of synthesizing zeolite from coal ash are combined with synthesized zeolite to provide plants in an easy-to-use form, to promote the formation of soot formation in the soil to increase water holding capacity and permeability, So that the plants can grow stably and enable efficient recording.

The present invention relates to a method for fermenting animal waste such as sludge derived from feces or animal by-products, such as feces or rice straw, generated in an animal husbandry farm or a water treatment facility, To prepare a soil composition for green land composition containing earthworm-fecified soil.

Generally, in the same land as flat land, it is easy for plants to grow. Even if left untouched by nature, the green land can be formed over time, but the surface of the slope such as the incision paper is moved by soil When the erosion phenomenon occurs and the erosion phenomenon is repeated, the soil on the slope is lost, and at the same time, there is a problem in stability and the composition of the natural greenery becomes difficult.

 As a method of preventing the erosion phenomenon of such slopes, it is possible to prevent rainfall, freezing / thawing and wind erosion by covering the surface with plants, and this planting method is most economical and permanent.

The growth of plants generally requires less movement of soil and soil, and stability is required. As the slope of the slope is lower, the soil layer becomes thinner as the slope becomes faster, so the soil becomes unstable and the atmosphere such as temperature, humidity, wind, Changes in conditions and changes in temperature and soil moisture have a great influence on plant growth, and vegetation growth on the slopes is much worse than on flat ground.

In order to succeed in the greening of these slopes, it is important to improve the growth environment of the plants. In particular, it is necessary to secure or maintain the necessary moisture for growth, to supply oxygen and nutrients to the soil adequately, and to prevent the nutrients supplied to the rainwater from being lost.

According to the present invention, there is provided a soil composition and a method for producing the soil composition that can effectively make the greenery by allowing the plants to easily vegetate even under the harsh conditions such as slope by improving the water supply and preventing the loss of nutrients I want to.

The soil composition for green area composition of the present invention includes an organic fermentation product obtained by fermenting organic waste such as sludge and / or sewage sludge derived from animal waste products such as excrement, straw, etc., generated in a livestock farm or water treatment facility.

Fermented fodder produced by fermenting livestock excreta such as poultry, flour, etc. contains a large amount of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, etc., and acts as an important nutrient for promoting the growth of seed germination or germinated plant. If the fermented starch is used, the fermentation will be continued after greenery construction, and it will hinder the growth of the plant.

Rice straw is used as a mediator to promote the production and propagation of Bacillus subtilis , especially when soil microorganisms that are scarce in the artificial soil for green area are not used from the outside,

Bacillus subtilis decomposes organic matter in the soil and transforms it into an inorganic form that can be used by plant roots. It promotes the use of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc., essential for plant growth, and secretes a viscous substance during the propagation of Bacillus subtilis, It is possible to improve the permeability, water retention and bubbling property in the soil by increasing the fertility of the soil and increasing the buffering capacity to control the acidity. .

The rice straw generally contains about 36% cellulose, about 20% lignin, and the rice straw is entangled with each other to prevent the soil composition from flowing down even if it is laid on a slope. .

In order to further improve this function, it is desirable to maintain the original fiber shape of the rice straw and to remove other components other than the cellulose. To do so, it is necessary to immerse the rice straw in the loess water and then ferment.

When the rice straw is soaked in the loess water, the fibrous tissue absorbs water and swells up, and the other components between the fibrillated tissues are removed by fermentation to increase the frequency of contact between the fibrils, So that the soil composition of the slope can be prevented from flowing down more.

The lignin contained in the rice straw is exuded to the surface of the rice straw as the ocher penetrates into the fleshy tissues of the laver. The lignin is sticky so that the components of the soil composition including the rice straw are connected to form a ground granule, Air permeability, water retention, and the like.

The sludge generated in the water treatment plant or the wastewater treatment plant is precipitated by suspended suspension. The precipitate has a high organic content and excellent water holding ability, and maintains a proper moisture for seed germination. The rich minerals and organic matter Nutrients and trace elements supply nutrients and minerals needed for plant growth and promote the development of plant rootstock so that the plant can grow normally during the dry season.

Such livestock by-products, water treatment sludge, and the like are industrial by-products to be disposed of and can be recycled to the greenhouse composition, thereby reducing the cost of disposal and reducing soil contamination due to landfill.

The earthworm is a high quality organic composting material produced by the earthworms absorbing and discharging the organic matter in the soil. The organic wastewater is contained in a high content and the soil is made into a loamy structure to enlarge the pores, thereby improving the permeability, And improved cationic substitution ability to improve the soil bubbling property and pH to weak alkalinity to improve soil physical properties such as improvement of acidity of acidic soil. It also plays an important role in improving the soil physical properties such as bacterial mycorrhiza, actinomycetes and antibiotics In Bacillus bacteria are contained in large quantities and become a source of microorganisms in the soil.

In addition, earthworms' fecal soil has a very high nitrogen and carbon content in the body of the plant, and the nitrogen component in the fecal soil is mainly in the form of nitrate, so that the plants can be used immediately without any other digestion process, and silicate, calcium, magnesium, Iron, zinc and other mineral nutrients are abundant, and these inorganic nutrients pass through the body of earthworms and become water-soluble and can easily absorb the plants.

The earthworm-modified soil is preferably contained in an amount of 15 to 25 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic fermentation product in the soil composition. When the added amount is less than 15 parts by weight, the addition effect of the earthworm- Plants can be harmful.

However, the mineral nutrients in the soil are mainly in cationic form and are weakly bonded to the negatively charged soil. When the acid rain is lowered, the hydrogen ions of the acidic ratio are replaced with the minerals of the mineral nutrients, As the mineral nutrients dissociated are lost by the rainwater, the acidity of the soil eventually reduces the soil's intelligence and adversely affects the plant growth.

Therefore, in order to prevent the loss of mineral nutrients in the soil composition, it is very important in the ability of the soil composition to form a green zone. To this end, the zeolite synthesized from coal ash is mixed with the soil composition.

The zeolite is a generic term of crystalline aluminosilicate and has excellent adsorption ability and cation exchange ability so that it can perform the function of holding inorganic components in the soil. In the present invention, the silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide To synthesize zeolite.

The coal ash produced after the combustion of pulverized coal in a combustion furnace such as a thermal power plant has the largest content of silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ) and aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), and is composed of ferric oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, And sulfur trioxide as subcomponents.

In the present invention, zeolite can be synthesized by separately using fly ash and bottom material of coal ash, or by mixing them. The coal ash is pulverized, mixed with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a molarity of 3 to 5 M, And the reaction is carried out at 90 to 110 ° C for 25 to 35 hours to synthesize zeolite. The sodium hydroxide serves to dissolve the silica and alumina contained in the coal ash and to participate in the synthesis of zeolite. The temperature of the mixed aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is raised so that the synthesis of the zeolite can proceed rapidly.

The zeolite thus prepared has a form of binding with a sub ingredient of coal ash and has a larger cation exchange capacity than that of synthetic zeolite circulated in the market and thus has the ability to fix the cationic mineral nutrients in the soil to enable them to be used by plants It has a large, three-dimensional skeletal structure, and pores are formed to absorb moisture and fill the pores. Then, the dryer performs the function of supplying water to the plants, and the soil of the vegetation including the moisture of the soil, Thereby improving the physical and chemical properties to be provided.

Further, since the zeolite used in the present invention is synthesized from coal ash, the other components of coal ash (iron oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide and sulfur trioxide, etc.) not participating in the synthesis of zeolite, And the water produced and produced by the cationic inorganic material fills the pores of the zeolite and the cationic inorganic material binds to the zeolite having the cationic substituting ability. Since these are easy to use for plants, the water required for plant growth And to supply nutrients.

Preferably, the zeolite synthesized from the coal ash is contained in an amount of 5 to 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic fermentation product in the soil composition. When the amount of the zeolite is less than 5 parts by weight, Nutrients become insufficient, which causes inhibition of plant growth.

In order to further increase the water holding capacity and the bending strength of the soil composition, it is preferable to add coal carbide obtained by thermal decomposition of coal to the soil composition. It is more preferable to use waste coal to be discarded from the viewpoint of resource recycling Do.

Coal is mainly composed of carbon and contains a small amount of oxygen, hydrogen and a small amount of nitrogen and sulfur. When it is pyrolyzed by heating at 900 ~ 1100 ℃ under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions, the coal is incompletely carbonized, .

That is, when the coal is heated to a high temperature, hydrogen is released, and a two-dimensional planar structure by a direct bond between the aromatic nuclei and a three-dimensional structure by a carbon-carbon bond are produced, and a long chain- The carbonized carbon has a large specific surface area and a high adsorption capacity because the fine pores are formed in a large pore complex, which can increase the water holding capacity and the bravely power of the soil.

The coal carbide is preferably contained in an amount of 5 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the organic fermentation product in the soil composition. If the amount is less than 5 parts by weight, the effect of coal carbide is insignificant. If it exceeds 10 parts by weight, It can be appropriately adjusted depending on the amount of zeolite to be mixed into the soil composition.

The soil composition for composting soil containing earthworm-containing earthworms prepared as described above is mixed with the soil at a suitable ratio according to the soil quality of the green area, and sprayed on the surface of the barren area due to incision or soil contamination, A suitable environment can be created.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, comparative examples and test examples.

It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

≪ Example 1 >

Coal materials (including fly ash and bottom ash) collected from coal-fired power plants were pulverized and pulverized coal powders were poured into a 4 M aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, stirred sufficiently and placed in a magnetron-equipped equipment. Zeolite was synthesized.

The zeolite was recovered from the reactants, washed and dried to remove aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.

The rice straw of the pig farming house, the rice straw laid on the bottom of the pig house and the wastewater sludge from the bottom of the wastewater treatment facility were collected and mixed at the same weight ratio and fermented for 5 days at the venting place. The temperature of the fermented product during the fermentation was 55 ≪ / RTI >

To 100 kg of the fermented product, 20 kg of earthworm-modified soil and 10 kg of dry zeolite synthesized from the coal ash were mixed to prepare a soil composition for green area composition.

≪ Example 2 >

The waste coal was heated at 1000 ° C. for 3 hours under the condition that the air was shielded from air to produce coal carbide. To the soil composition of Example 1, 7 kg of coal carbide was added to prepare a soil composition for green area composition.

≪ Example 3 >

In Example 1, the collected straw was immersed in loess (water: loess soil = 7: 3 weight ratio) for 5 hours and inverted every hour during immersion.

The soil composition for green area composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the rice straw immersed in the loess soil was fermented together with swine and wastewater sludge.

≪ Comparative Example 1 &

In Example 1, a soil composition for green area composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fermented product of swine, rice straw and wastewater sludge except for zeolite was mixed with earthworm.

≪ Comparative Example 2 &

In Example 1, except for using a synthetic zeolite prepared by drying, crushing and filtering a gel obtained by mixing sodium silicate solution and sodium aluminate solution instead of dry zeolite synthesized from coal ash, The soil composition for green area composition was prepared in the same manner.

≪ Test Example 1 > Measurement of moisture content in soil

Each of the soil compositions for green area composition of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 3, respectively, to a mixture of wood flour and herbaceous mixed seeds.

A wire net (# 10.75x75) was laid on a slope slope (moderate rock slope 40 to 45 °) made of a moderate rock and fixed with a fixing pin. Then, the soil composition for green area composition, haze weathered soil and seeds of the above- Was dry-mounted at a thickness of 7 cm, and then wet-attached at a thickness of 3 cm.

The moisture content of the soil was measured using a soil moisture meter (E.M System Soil Tester, demetera) at 10 days, 30 days and 50 days after the application, and the measured values at five sites in each group were averaged.

Results of moisture content measurement Elapsed days Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 10 days 36.3 36.8 36.7 29.4 32.1 30 days 32.1 33.4 32.6 20.6 26.9 50 days 26.5 27.8 27.4 15.5 22.3

The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, in Example 2 in which coal carbide was mixed and Example 3 in which rice straw was immersed in loess, water moisture content was slightly higher than Example 1 in which rice straw was not immersed in loess soils and coal carbide was not mixed It was concluded that the pore formed in the coal carbide prevented the soil from drying due to moisture and leached lignin from the straw so that the lignin -

Comparative Example 2 using zeolite synthesized by a general method had a lower water content than the zeolite synthesized from coal ash because the zeolite of Example contained not only zeolite but also other components of coal ash, It can be presumed that a space capable of holding water is formed while being bonded.

In Comparative Example 1 in which the zeolite component was not mixed, the water content of the zeolite of Comparative Example 2 and the zeolite of Comparative Example 2 could not be obtained, and the water content was the lowest.

Since the moisture content of the soil is the most important for the growth of plants, it is very important for the vigorous vigorization of the soil to increase the ability to retain water supplied to the soil by spraying or rainfall. Therefore, zeolite is synthesized from coal as in the embodiment, It is desirable to add coal carbide having moisture retaining ability to the soil, and it is effective to make the soil form a solid.

≪ Test Example 2 > Germination and Survival Rate Measurement

Table 2 shows the number of plants germinating and growing normally at 3 months after the application as in the above Test Example 1.

Seedlings were mixed with 300 lips for each group and plant type after pretreatment of medicines, and the growth areas of each group were adjusted to the same size.

Germination and survival rate measurement results Germination number
(Germination rate) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Necklace 243 (81) 259 (86) 250 (83) 203 (68) 218 (73) A stupid person 226 (75) 241 (80) 238 (79) 168 (56) 208 (69) American 254 (85) 250 (83) 243 (81) 192 (64) 219 (73) Kun 233 (78) 238 (79) 246 (82) 224 (75) 221 (74) Settlement 184 (61) 205 (68) 195 (65) 153 (51) 178 (59) Country 215 (72) 221 (74) 216 (72) 162 (54) 206 (69) Nasturtium 203 (68) 232 (77) 220 (73) 203 (68) 201 (67) Iris 247 (82) 243 (81) 244 (81) 198 (66) 225 (75) That 252 (84) 266 (89) 258 (86) 236 (79) 235 (78) Insect 255 (85) 263 (88) 261 (87) 218 (73) 225 (75) Michaelmas daisy 198 (66) 213 (71) 201 (67) 142 (47) 168 (56) Flower irises 238 (79) 245 (82) 236 (79) 163 (54) 221 (74) Sari 84 (28) 88 (29) 95 (32) 72 (24) 75 (25) Average 229 (76) 240 (80) 234 (78) 189 (63) 210 (70)

As shown in Table 2, the germination and survival rate of the herbaceous plants were generally lower than those of the herbaceous plants, and in each of the groups, in the order of Example 2> Example 3> Example 1> Comparative Example 2> Comparative Example 1 Germination and survival rate were high.

The results were similar to those of Test Example 1, indicating that the germination and survival rate of the plants are proportional to the water content of the soil, and therefore, the ability of the soil to retain water is important for soil regrowth Able to know.

In addition, the germination and survival rate of Comparative Example 2 was lower than that of Example 1, and this result shows that the water content of the zeolite synthesized from coal ash (Example 1) is higher than that of the zeolite synthesized by the general method (Comparative Example 2) The high point was considered to have the greatest influence. In addition, in the case of Example 1, the cation inorganic component dissociated from the coal ash was bound to the zeolite having a large cation exchange capacity during the synthesis of the zeolite, 1, the difference in the plant germination and survival rate of Test Example 2 was larger than the difference in the water content.

Claims (7)

Pulverizing the coal ash, mixing with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a molar concentration of 3 to 5 M, stirring the mixture for 2 to 5 hours, and reacting the mixture with microwaves at 90 to 110 ° C for 25 to 35 hours to synthesize zeolite; And
Mixing 15 to 25 parts by weight of earthworm-modified soil and 5 to 15 parts by weight of zeolite synthesized from the coal material with 100 parts by weight of the organic fermented product obtained by fermenting a mixture of sludge and livestock by-products containing rice straw immersed in clay loam Wherein the soil composition contains earthworm-modified earthworm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the soil composition comprises 5 to 10 parts by weight of coal carbide based on 100 parts by weight of the organic fermentation product. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the carbonaceous coal is produced by heating coal at 900 to 1100 占 폚 in an oxygen-free or hypoxic state. delete A process for producing a polyurethane foam according to claim 3,
100 parts by weight of an organic fermented product obtained by fermenting a mixture of sludge and livestock by-products containing rice straw immersed in loess water, 15 to 25 parts by weight of earthworm fungi, 5 to 15 parts by weight of zeolite synthesized from coal ash, and coal at 900 to 1100 DEG C , And 5 to 10 parts by weight of coal carbide pyrolyzed by pyrolysis. delete delete