KR20240063535A - Composition of total mixed ration for Korean native cattle using domestic grown triticale and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a triticale fiber blended feed composition for producing high-quality Korean beef meat to improve the difficulties in growing roughage due to temperature differences in the central inland area of Korea. More specifically, it relates to a triticale fiber feed composition grown domestically as the main raw material. This relates to a fiber mixed feed (Total Mixed Ration, TMR) for Korean beef finishing with the addition of vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc, and resveratrol.

Description

Composition of total mixed ration for Korean native cattle using domestic grown triticale and manufacturing method thereof}

The present invention relates to a triticale fiber mixed feed composition for the production of high-quality Korean beef meat. More specifically, it relates to a triticale fiber feed composition grown domestically as a main raw material and to which vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc, and resveratrol are added. This relates to fiber mixed feed (Total Mixed Ration, TMR) for finishing cattle.

Recently, meat consumption is increasing due to changes in dietary patterns along with the increase in national income, and the demand for quality meat is also increasing. Feeding is very important to improve Korean beef meat quality, and in particular, the type and quality of roughage (grass feed) has a significant impact. Meanwhile, ruminants such as Korean beef rely mostly on foreign imports for roughage, which has an important function in rumen development. There is interest in forage produced through domestic breeding and cultivation that can replace imported forage. To solve this problem, the National Institute of Crop Science of the Rural Development Administration is breeding triticale forage crop to produce high-quality domestic forage. It has been done. Triticale is a compound heteroploid obtained by chromosomally doubling a hybrid of wheat and rye. There are tetraploids, hexaploids, and octoploids, but hexaploids are widely cultivated, and hexaploids are produced by hybridization with durum wheat and rye. Triticale is a fodder crop with excellent feed value and productivity. Unlike rye, which is a non-eating crop, it is a fertile crop that allows farmers to self-seed, is resistant to cold, moisture, and lodging, and is highly adaptable to adverse environments such as barren lands. Therefore, it is a crop that can be grown nationwide. There are six varieties bred domestically, of which Josong and Shinseong are early-maturing varieties and the remaining varieties are late-maturing varieties. The yield is about 50 tons of living organisms per ha, and about 15 to 16 tons of buildings. Triticale has high destructibility resistance, forage productivity, and feed value, but its cultivation has not been expanded due to its late ripening period. However, with the recent development of an early-maturing species called 'Joseong', which has a harvest time similar to that of green barley and allows seeds to be harvested before the rainy season, the cultivation area is gradually increasing. It is expanding.

However, there are no research results on the effect of feeding newly grown triticale-containing fiber mix feed (TMR) to Korean beef livestock. In addition, the meat quality grade of Korean beef can be improved if vitamin C, legal sulfur, and zinc, which are nutrients that affect the production of high-quality Korean beef meat, are additionally fed based on triticale roughage. In order to improve the meat quality of Korean beef, intramuscular adipocyte differentiation must first be promoted. Intramuscular adipocyte differentiation begins at 11-12 months of age and increases rapidly until 18 months of age. Thereafter, it is maintained or gradually increases, but subcutaneous fat and visceral adipocytes remain after birth. Cell differentiation is already completed before 12 months of age and continues in a maintained state. Therefore, in order to increase intramuscular adiposity, it is very important to first adjust nutrition so that cell differentiation occurs as much as possible during the growth period when intramuscular adipocyte differentiation occurs actively. Nutrients that apply here include additional supplementation of vitamin C and zinc.

Sulfur is a mineral with a long history in the treatment of diseases, and has strong medicinal properties known as the world's best medicine for defeating all diseases. However, because sulfur is highly toxic, there was a problem in that it could not be taken internally without a legislative process to remove the toxicity. Ruminants synthesize inorganic sulfur into cystine and methionine by gastric microorganisms. When ruminant livestock are fed feed lacking sulfur, microbial protein production decreases due to changes in the number of microorganisms in the rumen and rumen fermentation characteristics, and feed intake also decreases. A study reported that the digestibility of cellulose fiber decreased by about 20% in sulfur-deficient cattle, which was due to a decrease in the number of bacteria that decompose cellulose. In addition, the movement of nutrients may not be smooth due to the accumulation of blood clots in the blood vessels due to the excessive feeding of concentrated feed in the late fattening period. In other words, as Korean beef is fattened, bad inflammatory factors in the blood vessels increase, which may lead to a decrease in metabolism and a decrease in feed intake. Therefore, sulfur is a substance that eliminates inflammatory factors in blood vessels and promotes nutrient metabolism. According to the Korean Beef Specification Standard (2012), sulfur makes up about 15% of the animal's body, and the requirement for Korean steers is 0.2%, but the poisoning occurrence level is set at 0.4%. Feeding sulfur to Korean beef fattening cattle has the effect of improving meat quality by increasing glucose availability by promoting insulin synthesis and facilitating the movement of nutrients by promoting metabolism by removing intravascular waste by feeding concentrated feed during the finishing period.

Meanwhile, in order to improve the meat grade of Korean beef finishing cattle, it is important to reduce the thickness of back fat, and the nutrient for this is resveratrol, which was recently identified through the results of a Korean beef feeding test. However, no research has been conducted recently on the feeding of fiber mixed feed (TMR), which is a mixture of triticale forage raised, cultivated, and produced domestically and nutrients that improve meat quality and mass of Korean beef, to Korean beef fattening cattle. In order to respond to this, there is a need to develop Korean beef fattening technology using triticale, improve productivity, and produce high-quality Korean beef meat.

KR 10-2017-0070793 (2017-06-07)

The present invention is for Korean beef fattening cattle, which can improve the growth, meat quality, and mass of livestock by mixing domestically grown triticale as the main feed source and feeding it to Korean beef fattening cattle by mixing auxiliary nutrients to supplement meat quality and meat mass improvement. The purpose is to provide a fiber mixed feed composition.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a triticale fiber mixed feed composition for producing high-quality Korean beef meat.

The present invention provides a fibrous feed composition for Korean beef finishing containing domestic triticale feed crop, vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc, and resveratrol as active ingredients.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the triticale is included in an amount of 3 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vitamin C is contained in an amount of 500 to 2000 ppm parts by weight, 100 to 1000 ppm parts by weight of sulfur, 10 to 100 ppm parts by weight of organic zinc, and 1 to 10 ppm parts by weight of resveratrol.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition additionally includes sweet feed and auxiliary feed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sweet feed is any one selected from the group consisting of distilled grains (DDGS), corn flakes, annual grass straw, palm meal, protein hulls, molasses, sodium bicarbonate, salt, limestone, and probiotics. It is more than that.

The triticale forage according to the present invention contains rumen protection vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc and resveratrol, excipient 1 and excipient 2, which are nutrients for improving meat quality and mass, and has the effect of improving the growth, meat quality and mass of Korean beef finishing cattle. there is. In addition, it is possible for Korean beef fattening farms to produce Korean beef meat with a meat quality grade of 1+ or higher and a meat quality grade of B or higher, which has the effect of improving farm management.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention can provide a fiber mixed feed composition for Korean beef finishing containing domestic triticale feed crop, vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc, and resveratrol as active ingredients.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the triticale may be included in an amount of 3 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition. The triticale forage is harvested during the heading-flowering period and has the characteristics of low moisture silage containing 30-50% moisture content.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vitamin C may be included in an amount of 500 to 2000 ppm parts by weight, 100 to 1000 ppm parts by weight of sulfur, 10 to 100 ppm parts by weight of organic zinc, and 1 to 10 ppm parts by weight of resveratrol.

The vitamin C may be rumen-protective vitamin C and may have a pure vitamin C content.

The rumen protection vitamin C, organic zinc, and legal sulfur are added to improve meat quality, and a product under the product name "Marble 30" from Siva Bio Co., Ltd. was used.

The resveratrol can reduce oxidative stress and is added to improve meat mass index and carcass weight, and a product under the trade name "Nanovera P" from Sinaebio Co., Ltd. was used.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition may additionally include sweet feed and auxiliary feed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sweet feed is any one selected from the group consisting of distilled grains (DDGS), corn flakes, annual grass straw, palm meal, protein hulls, molasses, sodium bicarbonate, salt, limestone, and probiotics. It may be more than that.

The dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), corn flakes, palm meal, protein bark, mineral and vitamin complexes, alfalfa, Klein hay, and annual rye grass may be included as excipients. In the present invention, no matter what type of excipient is used, it does not affect the essential purpose of the present invention, so there is no special limitation in selecting the excipient as long as the nutrient requirements for each growth stage of Korean beef steer are met.

[Table 1] below shows the general nutrient content of low moisture triticale silage. It can be used as high-quality domestic forage as it contains 8.29% by weight of crude protein, 58.3% by weight of TDN, 0.26% by weight of Ca, 0.28% by weight of P, and 61.3% by weight of NDF.

division moisture crude protein NDF ADF TDN Ca P triticale 53.03 8.29 61.3 39.2 58.3 0.26 0.28 IRG 52.0 8.75 55.8 36.1 59.8 0.24 0.21

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limited by these examples.

Preparing for a test survey

<1-1> Experimental group

30 experimental Korean steers were divided into three groups of 10 each, T1 (control, Italian ryegrass), T2 (triticale), and T3 (triticale + complex additive to improve meat quality). A specification test was conducted for 20 months, from 10 months of age to shipping at 30 months of age.

The test survey items included carcass weight, back fat thickness, carcass grade, and meat mass index using the carcass grade determination results.

<1-2> Feed manufacturing

The fiber blended feed for Korean beef high-quality meat production containing triticale feed crops of the present invention was manufactured using a mixer commonly used in TMR factories or farms at the ratios shown in [Table 2] to [Table 4] below.

The TMR composition for raising cattle consists of 20kg (20%) triticale silage, 10kg (10%) alfalfa hay, 6kg (6%) Klein hay, 7kg (7%) palm meal, 7.2kg (7.2%) protein bark, and 11.8% ethanol. kg (11.8%), corn flakes 7.6 kg (7.6%), molasses 4 kg (4%), vitamins and minerals 1.2 kg (1.2%), yeast probiotics 10 kg (10%), water 10.9-11.2 kg (10.9-11.2%) ) and Nanovera P (resveratrol 2000ppm) 0.3kg (0.3%) (Table 2), TMR composition for fattening period is triticale silage 10kg (10%), annual grass 7kg (7%), palm meal 4.6kg (4.6%) %), protein blood 5.3kg (5.3%), ethanol 14.9kg (14.9%), corn flakes 27.0kg (27.0%), molasses 5kg (5%), vitamins and minerals 1.4kg (1.4%), yeast probiotic 10kg (10%), water 14.4-14.8kg (14.4-14.8%) and Nanovera P (resveratrol 2000ppm) 0.35kg (0.35%), Marble Up (vitamin C 15%, glycine zinc 1%, legal sulfur 2%) 0.35 kg (0.35%) (Table 3), the TMR composition for the late fattening stage includes 6kg (6%) triticale silage, 6kg (6%) annual grass, 3.5kg (3.5%) palm meal, and 3.4kg (3.4%) protein bark. ), ethanol 13.3kg (13.3%), corn flakes 7.6kg (7.6%), 36.8kg (36.8%), molasses 5kg (5%), vitamins and minerals 1.5kg (1.5%), yeast probiotic 10kg (10%) ), water 13.8-14.5kg (13.8-14.5%) and Nanovera P (resveratrol 2000ppm) 0.35kg (0.35%), Marble Up (vitamin C 15%, glycine zinc 1%, legal sulfur 2%) 0.35kg (0.35%) %) (Table 4) and mixed for about 15-30 minutes to obtain fiber mixed feed (TMR).

division Mixing ratio (%) Italian
ryegrass triticale Triticale+
additive Palm gourd 8 7 7 protein blood 8.4 7.2 7.2 DDGS 10.5 11.8 11.8 corn flakes 6.0 7.6 7.6 rice bran 2 2 2 timothy hay 2 2 2 alfalfa 10 10 10 Klein 6 6 6 IRG 20 - - triticale 20 20 molasses 4.3 4 4 baking soda Vitamins & Minerals 0.2 0.2 0.2 salt 0.2 0.2 0.2 limestone 0.8 0.8 0.8 Yeast Probiotic 10 10 10 Added water 11.6 11.2 10.9 Nano Vera P - - 0.3 marble up - - - total 100 100 100

division Mixing ratio (%) Italian
ryegrass triticale Triticale+
additive Palm gourd 5.1 4.6 4.6 protein blood 6.3 5.3 5.3 DDGS 14.1 14.9 14.9 corn flakes 26.0 27.0 27.0 rice bran timothy hay alfalfa Klein Annual Grass Straw 7.0 7.0 7.0 tall fescue straw IRG 10.0 triticale 10.0 10.0 molasses 5.0 5.0 5.0 baking soda 0.3 0.3 0.3 Vitamins & Minerals 0.2 0.2 0.2 salt 0.2 0.2 0.2 limestone 0.8 0.7 0.7 Yeast Probiotic 10.0 10.0 10.0 Added water 15.0 14.8 14.1 Nano Vera P 0.35 marble up 0.35 total 100 100 100

division Mixing ratio Italian
ryegrass triticale Triticale+
additive Palm gourd 3.5 3.5 3.5 protein blood 3.8 3.4 3.4 DDGS 12.8 13.3 13.3 corn flakes 36.4 36.8 36.8 rice bran timothy hay alfalfa Klein Annual Grass Straw 6.0 6.0 6.0 IRG 6.0 - - triticale - 6.0 6.0 molasses 5 5 5 baking soda 0.4 0.4 0.4 Vitamins & Minerals 0.2 0.2 0.2 salt 0.2 0.2 0.2 limestone 0.7 0.7 0.7 Yeast Probiotic 10.0 10.0 10.0 Added water 15.0 14.5 13.8 Nano Vera P 0.35 marble up 0.35 total 100 100 100

Nutrient intake analysis

Nutrient intake was analyzed to evaluate the test feed.

[Table 5] shows the nutrient intake of growing cattle, [Table 6] shows the nutrient intake of cattle before finishing, and [Table 7] shows the nutrient intake of cattle after finishing.

Italian ryegrass triticale Triticale + additives Average feed intake (kg) 11.25 11.25 11.25 Building (kg) 7.0 7.0 7.1 CP(kg) 1.16 1.15 1.15 TDN(kg) 5.15 5.15 5.15 Ca(g) 64 64 64 P(g) 38 39 39

Italian ryegrass triticale Triticale + additives Average feed intake (kg) 15.0 15.0 15.0 Building (kg) 9.47 9.45 9.58 CP(kg) 1.35 1.34 1.34 TDN(kg) 7.47 7.46 7.46 Ca(g) 58 54 54 P(g) 46 48 48

Italian ryegrass triticale Triticale + additives Average feed intake (kg) 15.0 15.0 15.0 Building (kg) 9.66 9.72 9.82 CP(kg) 1.27 1.28 1.28 TDN(kg) 7.93 8.01 8.01 Ca(g) 51 51 51 P(g) 44 45 45

Genome analysis

Korean beef is a livestock breed whose grade appearance rate and other factors tend to be largely influenced by genetic ability, and genome analysis was performed to accurately interpret the test results of the three feeding groups. Blood was collected from a total of 30 cows (10 each from the Italian ryegrass test plot, triticale test plot, and triticale + additive test plot), and through genome analysis, excellent genetic individuals and recessive genetic individuals of the meat quality and meat type of steer cattle in each test group were identified. was investigated. [Table 8] below shows the genetic ability of each test group.

Italian ryegrass triticale Triticale + additives Excellent in all abilities 50% 50% 20% Meat supplement type 10% 20% meat supplement type 30% 40% 30% All-power supplementary type 10% 10% 50%

As a result of analyzing the genetic ability of each test plot, the ryegrass and triticale plots had significantly excellent genetic ability, with 50% of the all-potency excellent type, 40% of the meat quality supplementary type, and 10% of the full-potency supplementary type with a recessive genome. It was found that the genetic ability was almost the same, but in the Triticale + additive group, the all-potency excellent type, which is a dominant genome, was found to be 30% less than the previous two groups, and the full-potency supplementary type, which is a recessive genome, was 20% more common than the ryegrass. Compared to Triticale District, it was expected to be significantly worse in terms of weight gain and grade appearance rate.

Analysis of stock increase status

As a result of testing the weight gain status of the three test districts from the growing cattle to the late fattening section, the ryegrass and triticale sections fell by 11% in the raising cattle section, 4.5% in the pre-finishing section, and 3.2% in the late finishing section. It was found that the overall weight gain up to the latter stage also dropped by about 6.4%. Considering that the genetic ability of the two test centers was the same, triticale can be evaluated as being somewhat disadvantageous in terms of body gain compared to ryegrass, but the body weight of the triticale group at the end of 29 months was 799.6 kg, which is the average live weight of steers shipped domestically in 2022. Considering that it is 775kg, it is evaluated to have shown a not bad weight gain, and compared to the Triticale group, the Triticale + Additive group decreased by 1% in the raising cattle section and 4.2% in the 0% fattening section in the pre-finishing section compared to the ryegrass section. The overall body weight gain from raising cattle to the end of fattening was found to drop by about 2.1%. Compared to the Triticale section, the weight gain was 10% more in the raising cattle section and 4.5% more in the pre-finishing section, but the weight gain was about 1.0% lower in the late finishing section, and the overall weight gain from raising cattle to the late finishing section was about 4.3% more. . Compared to the triticale plot, it showed almost similar growth to the ryegrass plot, and above all, considering that its genetic ability was quite recessive, it should have shown a worse growth rate than the triticale plot, but it showed results close to the ryegrass plot and had a similar genetic ability. If so, you can think that it might have been better than ryegrass bulbs. This can be seen as being able to fully realize the value of triticale as a feed resource, which can be cultivated even in the central region with simultaneous feeding of legal sulfur, organic zinc, and rumen-protecting vitamin C.

division weight change Initiate today weight gain Daily weight gain note
(jisoo) IRG silage 308.0 547.3 239.3 0.89 100 Triticale Silage 327.2 549.3 222.1 0.82 92 Triticale Silage + Additives 322.0 570.1 248.1 0.92 103

Claims (5)

A fiber mixed feed composition for Korean beef finishing containing domestic triticale feed crop, vitamin C, legal sulfur, organic zinc, and resveratrol as active ingredients.
The fiber mixed feed composition according to claim 1, wherein the triticale is contained in an amount of 3 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
The fiber mixed feed composition according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin C is contained at 500 to 2000 ppm parts by weight, legal sulfur at 100 to 1000 ppm parts by weight, organic zinc at 10 to 100 ppm parts by weight, and resveratrol at 1 to 10 ppm parts by weight.
The fiber mixed feed composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition additionally includes a sweet feed and an auxiliary feed.
The method of claim 4, wherein the sweetened feed is at least one selected from the group consisting of distilled grains (DDGS), corn flakes, annual grass straw, palm meal, protein hulls, molasses, sodium bicarbonate, salt, limestone, and probiotics. A fiber mixed feed composition.