KR20240039094A - The method of production for the ensilage with straws - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention's 'method for producing rice straw ensilage' is to pile rice straw near the house of a Korean beef farmer, cover it with plastic, inject nitrogen gas, and allow the nitrogen component to permeate into the rice straw as it ferments through self-heating. Recently, packaged rice straw is It is simply to suppress mold, but rice straw, barley straw, and wheat straw, which have a space inside, are hollow on the inside, unlike the outer shell of corn, so when fermented, it is a fermented roughage that cannot be fermented in the neighborhood where residents live due to the unpleasant smell, as if flesh is rotting due to aerobic fermentation. It is an invention belonging to the ensilage manufacturing method that aims to ferment ingredients like a solid corn husk.
The method of fermenting packaged packaging is already widely known, but if you want to ferment hollow rice straw like corn husk, even if you crush the inside, it will smell less when fermented than barley straw, but since the fermented ensilage is not appropriate, auxiliary materials must be added. It relates to a fermentation method manufactured with fermentation ensilage such as odorless corn husk.
If rice straw ensilage can be manufactured in this way, rice straw, which has been used as bedding for baling in rice fields instead of corn cultivation, which is avoided by general farms, can be processed into high-quality rice straw ensilage, reducing the difficulty in securing feed for dairy and beef cattle farms. It is an invention that is expected to have the effect of reducing farm costs and increasing farm profits.
[index word]
Rice straw ensilage, barley straw ensilage, corn stalk ensilage,
Lactic acid solution, defatted rice bran, wheat bran,
Ruminant livestock, bales, tonnage包),
haylage

Description

The method of production for the ensilage with straws}

Rice farming is our staple food and has been the main crop for more than 50,000 years. The cultivation area is not only in the granary area with mudflats, but also in mountainous areas, where it is the main crop. The rice straw harvested from rice is used as a main crop for residential roofs and firewood. It is a very useful rice straw that is used as the main feed for cows used for plowing and plowing, and is even used as a weekly string for fermenting soybean paste for soybean paste in the winter. However, it was once used to harvest rice. Afterwards, it became an inconvenience and was burned in rice fields, and then used again as bedding. It was packaged into bags to be used as forage, and it belongs to the manufacturing technology in the field of feed, which is used as windbreaks for livestock farms, livestock bedding, and forage.

The present invention has advanced the level of increasing the value of feed through packaging, making it possible to manufacture fermented forage that is superior to corn husks, thereby replacing the imports of expensive hay and sorghum from tropical regions, thereby saving foreign currency as well. This is a manufacturing technology field that transitions to an era where rice straw and barley straw, which had been abandoned in the country, are once again welcomed and provided as excellent low-priced forage instead of high-quality products.

The main background of the present invention is that it can be manufactured as the main feed for ruminant livestock, just as in the past, when rice straw was cut and put in a cauldron and boiled to resemble porridge, so like the European and American livestock industries, Korean beef fattening can also be done at a high level. It is based on manufacturing technology that develops rice straw, barley straw, or a mixture of them into ensilage processing technology.

Nowadays, our rice straw is not used only as insignificant litter, but rather becomes expensive fermented feed. The era of storing it in bales has evolved, and it can be piled in the open air or on the walls of buildings without the need to build a separate tower type or trench silo dug in the ground. With the ability to ferment, livestock farms raising fattening cattle or dairy cows can switch from expensive compounded feed to low-priced fermented feed, allowing them to run their livestock industry without large costs in feed costs, which is an opportunity to alleviate the pain of securing feed. belongs to manufacturing technology,

Technologies related to rice straw include domestic patent publication No. 10-1996-0020715 (July 18, 1996) for fermented rice straw feed and its manufacturing method, and rice straw for herbivory under Domestic Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0057680 (June 7, 2012). Feed and bagged fermented rice straw manufactured by injecting nitrogen gas and lactic acid solution of No. 10-2021-0032328 (2021.03.24.) and toned bag of No. 10-2021-0011357 (2021.02.01.) Fermented agricultural by-product fermented forage manufacturing method and domestic patent registration No. 10-0151885 (1998.06.24.) Rice straw fermented forage and its manufacturing method and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-163877 (2017.09.21.) and domestic patents Fermented feed for ruminants (Application No. 10-2005-0042804 2005.05.23.) was used as the background technology for the present invention.

The disclosed inventions have the same strain input, rice straw cutting, fermentation, and packaging, but because they are difficult to ferment in rural areas that are turning into residential areas due to the bad smell when fermented under fermentation conditions, lactic acid bacteria are added to ferment the rice straw with excellent ensilage through lactic acid bacteria fermentation like kimchi. Rather, we have developed a method of supplying auxiliary materials to promote fermentation in addition to the lactic acid solution additives so that lactic acid bacteria can actively ferment, and we have developed a method of blocking oxygen and adding auxiliary materials to prevent bad smells, and a method of creating an environment so that fermentation can occur on its own. The goal is to solve the problem by finding an appropriate way to supply it.

The most key task is to provide an environment that allows for long-distance transport and to continuously maintain fermentation conditions. However, rather than injecting lactic acid bacteria, a strong acidic lactic acid solution is added to create an environment for lactic acid bacteria to function without dying by creating a fermentation environment for lactic acid bacteria. This is a method that solves the problem by supplying nutrients to the strain. Since fermenting bacteria cannot survive on fiber alone, this method solves the problem of supplementing with excellent fermentation auxiliary materials.

In order to preserve it as fermented feed for a long period of time, the task is to find a method of administering a lactic acid solution made of trace minerals to create an environment so that the lactic acid strains can self-sustain and divide without dying, and nitrogen solution, solid nitrogen or nitrogen to suppress harmful strains. The problem of finding an appropriate method to inject gas to make it anaerobic and the problem of a simple method of blocking air to prevent aerobic fermentation from entering from the outside are solved as a means of solving the problem.

In addition, research on the optimal fermentation capacity and transport issues when packaging for fermentation that facilitates long-distance transport in a well-fermented state as well as fully-ripened fermentation are key issues of the present invention, making it suitable for various fields. It is used as a means of solving the problem of satisfying conditions and creating problems related to moisture content appropriate for fermentation.

The rice straw ensilage of the present invention is not a rice straw that is fermented simply by filling nitrogen gas and injecting a lactic acid solution into an existing package, but is manufactured from substantially fermented rice straw ensilage, making it possible to transport it over a long distance and increasing the feed value of rice straw. Instead of the occurrence of black mold that normally lives on rice straw, the Bacillus subtilis that lives on rice straw is activated through anaerobic fermentation, which increases feed value even more than the silage of the outer husk of corn, making it a more excellent ruminant livestock than the cow porridge that has been passed down from generation to generation in our rural areas. By providing it as forage for anti-vegetative purposes, it is expected to have an effect that will help generate profits for breeding farms.

By suppressing the harmful black mold that grows on rice straw and fermenting it with beneficial Bacillus subtilis, it reduces the risk of digestive problems and diseases, prevents growth disorders and reduced fattening effectiveness due to the toxins emitted by these black molds, and improves the production of cow calves. It is also expected that it will contribute to increased profits by increasing the flow rate.

1 is a manufacturing process diagram for manufacturing the rice straw ensilage of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a detailed view of the materials added to the rice straw ensilage of the present invention;
Figure 3 is a mixing ratio for each material added to the rice straw ensilage of the present invention;
<Brief explanation of symbols>
10: Ton bag, 12: Rice straw cutter, 14: Rice straw collection truck,
20: lactic acid solution, 22: urea feed, 24: zeolite,
30: Wheat bran, 32: Barley bran, 34: Defatted rice bran,
40: mixing device, 50: cut rice straw, 52: cut barley straw,
60: Normal rice straw, 62: Fermented rice straw, 70: Tonpo rice straw,

When harvesting ripe rice from rice paddies and fields, the rice harvester that cuts and threshes the rice, also known as the harvester, still throws away the threshed rice straw, but someday it will be equipped with a cutter to cut the rice straw to a certain length and be used on a cart that pulls the rice straw behind. Until a device that harvests rice and rice straw at the same time was developed, threshed rice straw was collected and cut rice straw (50) cut into 20 to 100 mm using a rice straw cutter (12) was placed in the mixing device (40) and a certain amount of wheat husk was mixed. ), that is, add wheat bran (30) and barley bran (32), add moisture with lactic acid solution (20), adjust the total moisture content from 55 to 60%, mix for 3 minutes first, and then add urea feed (22) again. Therefore, it is mixed for 2 minutes in the second step, so it is mixed for a total of about 5 minutes. A large 1-ton bag (ton pack), which is a waterproof PP pack, contains 1 ton (1,000 kg) in volume in a ton bag (10) to prevent temperature changes. Store in a small warehouse, basement, or semi-basement and ferment for 3 weeks.

In general, raw rice straw harvested from rice fields is threshed and within 1 day, the moisture content of the rice straw is about 40%, so wheat bran (30) and barley bran (32) are added, sprayed with lactic acid solution (20), and the moisture is adjusted and mixed. In addition, the crude protein content is brought to the level of the protein content contained in wheat bran (30) with urea feed (22), and the first blend is mixed for 3 minutes and the second blend is blended for 2 minutes for a total of 5 minutes, and then placed in ton bags (10) and transported to the fermentation site. Move it, stack it in two or more layers, cover it with a cover to allow it to ferment, and let it ferment for 21 days to complete the fermented rice straw (62).

Baled rice straw, also known as bale, is rolled into a conventional round roll and is manufactured by wrapping the rice straw into a roll and wrapping plastic wrap 4 to 6 times on the outside of the bundle. It is likely that dirt and foreign substances from the bottom of the rice field are mixed and used as feed. It is not appropriate to use, and we call the English word “bale” “bale,” and distribution has been widespread for a long time. It is bundled without any treatment and distributed with mold scattered around.

Since the cutter device for processing rice straw is not yet attached to the rice harvesting machine, after harvesting the rice, the regular rice straw (60) scattered on the paddy field is scraped with a rake, gathered in a row, and rounded with a hay binder. After rolling the rice straw and moving it to a dry place with a straw collection truck (14), it is cut into cut rice straw (50) with a length of 20 to 100 mm using a rice straw cutter (12), placed in a previously prepared mixing device (40), and 10% of wheat bran (30) and barley husk. (32) Spray 5% of lactic acid solution consisting of 10% or defatted rice bran (34) and 20% of lactic acid-containing minerals (20) and mix for 3 minutes, then add urea feed (22) to 2% of zeolite (24). After adding 3% and mixing again for 2 minutes, it is placed in ton bags (10) for 1 ton, packed with ton bags of rice straw (70), dug into the ground, dragged into a temporary warehouse made of a semi-basement, stacked in two layers, covered with a cover, and fermented. Completed with fermented rice straw (62),

Until now, rice straw ensilage, unlike corn hull ensilage, has joints like bamboo and has a hollow stem shape, so although the fermentation bacteria are fermented by aerobic bacteria using the oxygen remaining in the stem, it can be used as compost rather than feed, but it is not fermented by lactic acid bacteria like kimchi. In the middle of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation, when the temperature drops, butyric acid fermentation causes complaints due to the foul smell of rotting flesh, so it is not dared to ferment, and only haylage, which is stored in a half-dried state, is stored in a tower silo for a long period of time. come,

In order to solve these fermentation conditions, if you mix wheat bran (30), barley bran (32), or defatted rice bran (34) evenly, there will be no problem with anaerobic fermentation, and lactic acid bacteria fermentation will be good. However, molasses, which does not exist in Korea, has been imported and added. EM (effective micro-organism) fermentation, the so-called soil microorganism group, has been able to solve the problem of not being able to use it due to fermentation strains prohibited under the Feed Management Act.

You can choose only one type, such as wheat bran (30), barley bran (32), or defatted rice bran (34), which are added to the fermented rice straw (62) as various fermentation auxiliary materials. If it contains a lot of fat, such as raw rice bran, it is prohibited because it becomes rancid, but defatted rice bran (34) ) is not necessarily a variety of auxiliary ingredients that can be added, but is listed as ingredients that can be added.

I learned about this fermentation auxiliary material from a past failure where rye was fermented and buried in the ground due to a tremendous odor. Green rye was cut down and fermented with unripe grains, although it smelled bad, but had low silage. Looking at the fact that in the future, in regions where rice straw silage cannot be manufactured due to a shortage of regular rice straw (60), oats, which grow well, are winter-grown plants, so it is a method of making silage in the summer. Therefore, if it can be stored in a refrigerated facility or basement, only adding fermentation auxiliary ingredients is necessary. Since it is manufactured, it is also an item that can be a very good fermented forage.

If you are farming barley instead of corn through field farming in a mountainous area with little paddy farming, cut barley straw (52) is placed in the mixing device (40) alone or in combination instead of regular rice straw (50), and wheat bran (30), barley bran (32), or Mix 20% of defatted rice bran (34), measure the moisture, add lactic acid solution (20) to bring the moisture level from 55 to 60%, and perform primary mixing using the mixing device (40) for 3 minutes, while observing the moisture content during mixing. Zeolite (24) and urea feed (22) were also added at about % to continue with the second mixing. In case, the urea feed (22) was added to the zeolite (24) to prevent the coating from peeling off during mixing and handling and losing the nitrogen component. I completed the mixing for an additional 2 minutes, watching carefully to ensure absorption.

Wheat bran (30), barley bran (32), or defatted rice bran (34) is added because regular rice straw (50), which is hollow like bamboo, cut barley straw (52), or rye straw, is difficult to ferment with lactic acid bacteria like corn husk. This is because the cut rice straw (50) or the cut barley straw (52) is compacted so that air can escape, leading to excellent lactic acid bacteria fermentation. The zeolite (24) coats the urea feed (22) with the moisture of the lactic acid solution (20). It is encouraged because it adsorbs the dissolved and evaporated nitrogen component and becomes food for fermentation microorganisms, thereby increasing the crude protein content of the fermented rice straw (62) along with 14%, which is the crude protein content of wheat bran.

In addition, the polypropylene ton bag (10) is woven with a petrochemical fiber called PP bag, which is not only waterproof but can also lead to anaerobic fermentation by blocking air. It has a volume weight of 1 ton, and is cut to 100 mm in width, height, and height, and has a string at the top. A new packaging material that is designed to be easy to install and move with a forklift was applied to fermentation of roughage. It was called ton bag rice straw (70) because it was packaged in ton bag (10). It is a packaging material that is not only fermented but also freely fermented after fermentation. The advantage is that the quality of fermented rice straw (62) can be maintained even when transported regardless of the distance traveled.

Fermented rice straw (62) can be manufactured with rice straw ensilage because the general rice straw (60) itself is a base for Bacillus subtilis, where rice straw bacteria grow, the bran (30) is a material for yeast, and the barley bran (32) is a base for beer. It is a home for malt that ferments, and the lactic acid solution (20) is a solution of minerals containing lactic acid, which is the basis of anaerobic fermentation, and lowers the acidic pH to become a material for anaerobic fermentation. The rice straw ensilage of the present invention is all corn. Aerobic fermentation can be blocked to produce better fermented rice straw (62) than the outer layer ensilage. The length of the straw is also cut into small pieces from 20 to 100 mm, and all the added ingredients are fermentation auxiliary materials, so they are divided into small pieces and used to produce 1 ton of rice straw (70). ) and is fermented with ideal ensilage (62). It is manufactured to enable long-term storage even when stored individually in a sieve.

Sometimes, it is said to be an excessively hollow material, so if broken rice grain powder, rice flour, or potatoes are added, it actually promotes spoilage and increases the fermentation temperature, which is not desirable. Therefore, wheat bran (30), barley bran (32), or defatted rice bran (34) with low starch content must be used. etc. should be.

Claims (1)

In the method of manufacturing rice straw ensilage, which is manufactured from cut rice straw (50) and cut barley straw (52) obtained by cutting regular rice straw (60) and barley straw with a rice straw cutter (12),
Wheat bran (30) and barley bran (32) were placed in the mixing device (40) at the specified material mixing ratio on the cut rice straw and the cut barley straw, and the lactic acid solution (20) was sprayed and mixed for 3 minutes at a moisture content of 55 to 60%. tea blend,
A secondary mixture obtained by adding the remaining zeolite (24) and urea feed (22) at the specified material mixing ratio to the primary mixture and mixing for 2 minutes,
Rice straw ensilage is characterized in that a plurality of tonne sacks of rice straw (70), in which only the secondary mixture is packaged in tonne sacks (10), are loaded in a certain place, covered with a cover for thermal insulation, and fermented for a certain period of time to produce fermented rice straw (62). Manufacturing method