KR20230088650A - A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a caisson which is able to conveniently and precisely hold neighboring caissons and perform the interlocking process between neighboring caissons after holding the caissons. A first side surface (15) of the caisson (10) comprises: a first sideway guide slope surface (21) having a first-first normal line facing a first sideway and facing more upward than a horizontal surface; and a pair of first forward/backward guide slope surfaces (22) having a pair of first-second normal lines being farther from each other in a forward-backward direction. A second side surface (16) includes: a second sideway guide slope surface (22) having a second-first normal line facing a second sideway and facing more downward than a horizontal surface, and having a shape mutually supplementing with the first sideway guide slope surface (21), and arranged in an upward-downward section corresponding to the first sideway guide slope surface (21); and a pair of second forward-backward guide slope surfaces (32) having a pair of second-second normal lines being closer to each other in a forward-backward direction, and having a shape mutually supplementing with the first forward-backward guide slope surface (22), and arranged in an upward-downward section corresponding to the first forward-backward guide slope surface (22).

Description

A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure}

The present invention relates to a caisson, and more particularly, to a caisson in which neighboring caissons can be conveniently and accurately mounted and interlocking is performed between the neighboring caissons after mounting, and a method of constructing a structure using the same.

In general, a caisson is a structure that is essentially used in port construction. For example, it is applied to important facilities in ports such as gravity quay walls and breakwaters.

Recently, the sea level has risen due to global warming, and as a result, the attack of abnormal waves with higher wave heights than the design wave is expected. Breakwaters are getting larger as the design wave height increases, but it is a reality that they are struggling to prepare alternatives because they do not know when the 50-year design wave or higher waves will attack. are thinking about

Therefore, there is an urgent need to prepare a plan that can actively cope with changes in port logistics conditions, such as an increase in design wave due to climate change and an increase in ship size, that is, a plan to cope with an increase in horizontal force.

In the case of a breakwater, the caisson must withstand the horizontal force of the waves with its own weight. However, waves are not always constant, and the horizontal force of waves is often concentrated in one caisson. However, if the caisson is designed with the assumption that the horizontal force is concentrated, the weight of the caisson must be increased, which leads to an increase in cost and deterioration of workability. For example, as the load of the caisson increases, not only the material cost but also the scale of heavy equipment such as a crane that can handle it increases.

Accordingly, conventionally, a method of interlocking neighboring caissons to level the horizontal force of waves acting on the caisson to lower the required load of the caisson has been proposed. These interlocking caissons must be precisely aligned at the parts that engage or abut each other.

Conventionally, the method of stationary caisson was a method of watering the inside of the caisson towed at the sea site and settling the caisson to stationary. At this time, the sinking speed of the main water should be maintained around 10 cm per minute. When the caisson approaches the foundation leveling surface of the seabed by 50cm or so by continuing the subsidence, the water supply to the caisson is stopped, the location where the caisson will be finally installed is checked and corrected, and water is quickly poured into the caisson again to set the caisson on the foundation leveling floor. settle down The caisson structure is heavy, and it is difficult to finish the caisson installation work at once because it is affected by the weather, current, and the condition of the foundation leveling surface at the work site. Therefore, in most cases, the stationary process is completed through several iterations.

Subsequently, the work of mounting the caisson on the side next to the already fixed caisson is carried out, and at this time, in order to prevent the caisson from contacting and being damaged, a tire fender, etc. It prevents damage when it comes into contact with a car, and removes the tire fender when it is installed precisely.

At this time, the gap between the two caissons is set to about 10 cm to 20 cm. Given the weight of the caisson, this was a very difficult task.

Registered Patent Publication No. 1664160 Registered Patent Publication No. 1613886 Registered Patent Publication No. 1780982

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and when a caisson is settling, the caisson already stationed next to it guides the settling of the caisson currently being settled, so that the caisson is easy to set, and after the caisson is set An object of the present invention is to provide a caisson in which two neighboring caissons can be interlocked, and a construction method of the structure.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, a first side surface 15 connecting one end of the front and rear surfaces, and a second surface connecting the other end of the front and rear surfaces. A caisson 10 having side surfaces 16 is provided.

The first side surface 15 includes a first side guide inclined surface 21 facing the first side and having a 1-1 normal line in a direction upward from the horizontal plane; and a pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 having a pair of first and second normals that are away from each other in the forward and backward directions.

The second side surface 16 faces the second side and has a 2-1 normal in a direction downward from the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first side guide slope 21, and has a shape complementary to the first side guide slope. a second lateral guide slope 22 provided in an up-and-down section corresponding to (21); and a pair of 2-2 normals approaching each other in the forward and backward directions, having a shape complementary to the first front and rear guide slopes 22, and in an up-and-down section corresponding to the first front and rear guide slopes 22. A pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 provided; includes.

The first side guide slope 21, the first forward and backward guide slope 22, the second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 may be flat.

The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the first side surface 15, and the second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope ( 32) may be provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the second side surface 16.

The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 may form the same plane, and the second side guide slope 22 and the second forward and backward guide slope 32 may form the same plane.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal may be the same first normal (A), and the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal may be the same second normal (B).

The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 form separate surfaces, and the second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form separate faces. there is.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are the third normal (A1) and the fifth normal (A2), respectively, and the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are different from each other. It may be the 4th normal (B1) and the 6th normal (B2).

The inclination angle of the first side guide slope 21 may be in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second side guide slope 22 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

The pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may have an angle between 182 and 210 degrees, and the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 may have between 150 and 178 degrees.

The inclination angle of the first forward and backward guide slope surface 22 may be in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide slope surface 32 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

At least one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 may be provided with an open cell 18 open to the side.

The open cell 18 may be provided only on the second side surface 16 of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 .

At least one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 absorbs an impact generated when the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 come into contact, and the second side surface ( 16) may be provided with a buffer member that guides the sliding movement with respect to the first side surface 15.

The buffer member may include a rolling member installed on one side and an elastic body for elastically supporting the rolling member toward the other side.

The present invention provides a structure construction method using the above-described caisson.

The caisson structure construction method includes a first step of manufacturing the caisson 10 on the ground; A second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 to the sea and towing it to the top of the mound; and a third step of pouring water into the caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 and set it stationary.

The third step is step 3-1 of aligning the position so that the second side surface 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side surface 15 of another caisson 10 already stationed on the mound. ; Step 3-2 of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 so that the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 come into contact; and a step 3-3 of completing the sinking operation by pouring water in a state where the second side surface 16 of the caisson 10 during the sedimentation operation is in contact with the first side surface 15 of the stationary caisson 10. can

The method for constructing the caisson structure may further include filling the cells 17 of the caisson 10 with a filling material and installing a top block.

The caisson structure construction method may further include installing a backfill material on the rear surface of the stationary caisson 10.

According to the caisson of the present invention, it is very easy to place two adjacent caissons.

According to the caisson of the present invention, there is no gap between the two caissons, so no additional joint sealing process is required.

According to the caisson of the present invention, there is no limit to the size of the filling material filled in the open cell.

According to the caisson of the present invention, interlocking between two neighboring caissons is possible without a complicated mounting process.

In addition to the effects described above, specific effects of the present invention will be described together while explaining specific details for carrying out the present invention.

1 is a first perspective view of a first embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention.
2 is a second perspective view of the first embodiment.
3 is a front view of the first embodiment.
4 is a plan view of the first embodiment.
5 is a bottom view of the first embodiment.
6 is a first side view of the first embodiment.
7 is a second side view of the first embodiment.
8 is a perspective view showing the installation process of the caisson of the first embodiment.
Figure 9 is a front view of Figure 8;
10 is a perspective view of a state in which the caisson of the first embodiment is mounted.
11 is a first perspective view of a second embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention.
12 is a second perspective view of the second embodiment.
13 is a front view of the second embodiment.
14 is a plan view of the second embodiment.
15 is a bottom view of the second embodiment.
16 is a first side view of the second embodiment.
17 is a second side view of the second embodiment.
18 is a front view showing the mounting process of the caisson of the second embodiment.
FIG. 19 is an oblique view of FIG. 18 from a first side.
20 is a perspective view of a state where the caisson of the second embodiment is mounted.
21 is a first perspective view of a third embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention.
22 is a second perspective view of the third embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and various changes may be applied and may be implemented in various different forms. Only this embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but all changes and equivalents included in the technical spirit and scope of the present invention as well as substitution or addition of the configuration of one embodiment and the configuration of another embodiment each other to substitutes.

The accompanying drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the technical idea disclosed in this specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes and equivalents included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention are included. It should be understood to include water or substitutes. In the drawings, components may be exaggeratedly large or small in size or thickness in consideration of convenience of understanding, etc., but due to this, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

Terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific implementations or examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. And expressions in the singular include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the specification, terms such as "comprise" and "consist of" are intended to designate that features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist. That is, in the specification, terms such as ~ include, ~ consist of, etc. It should be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first and second, may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

It is understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another element, it should be understood that no other element exists in the middle.

When an element is referred to as being “on top” or “under” another element, it should be understood that other elements may exist in the middle as well as being directly above the other element. .

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in the present application, they should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. don't

[First Embodiment]

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10, a first embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described.

The caisson 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, an upper surface 13, a lower surface 14, a first side surface 15 and a second side surface 16. The front surface 11 and the rear surface 12 may be perpendicular to the sea floor, and the upper surface 13 and the bottom surface 14 may be parallel to the sea floor.

The upper surface 13 of the caisson 10 is provided with upwardly open cells 17 . The cell 17 may be a closed cell with a blocked bottom or partially or entirely open.

The cell 17 is surrounded by a wall having a predetermined thickness, and may be filled with a filling material after mounting. The filling material may be rubble stone having a predetermined standard.

The first side 15 of the caisson 10 faces the second side 16 of the neighboring caisson 10. The first side surface 15 includes a first lateral guide slope 21 and a first front and rear guide slope 22 . According to the first embodiment, the first lateral guide slope 21 and the first front and rear guide slope 22 form the same surface. The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 may be flat.

The second side surface 16 includes a second lateral guide slope 22 and a second forward-rear guide slope 32 . According to the first embodiment, the second lateral guide slope 22 and the second forward-backward guide slope 32 form the same surface. The second side guide slope 22 and the second forward and backward guide slope 32 may be flat.

Of course, the present invention excludes that the first lateral guide slope 21 and the second lateral guide slope 22, and the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form curved surfaces. no.

The first lateral guide slope 21 has a first normal (A) directed to the first side, and the second lateral guide slope 22 has a second normal (B) directed to the second side. Referring to FIG. 3 , the first normal line A increases upward toward the first side. An angle between the first side guide slope 21 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the first normal line A may be upward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. The second normal line (B) descends toward the second side. An angle between the second side guide slope 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the first normal line A may be downward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side surface 15 may gradually become thicker toward the bottom. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost part of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall of other parts. In addition, the wall forming the second side surface 16 may gradually become thicker toward the top. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost part of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may correspond to the thickness of the wall of other parts.

The first side guide slope 21 and the second side guide slope 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second side guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 being submerged from the top of the first side guide slope 21 of the caisson 10 that is stationary is in contact with , The second side guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 that is sinking relative to the first side guide slope surface 21 of the caisson 10 that is stationary slides to the side of the sinking caisson 10. The alignment of is guided.

The first forward and backward guide slope 22 has a first normal (A) directed to the first side, and the second front and rear guide slope (32) has a second normal (B) directed to the second side. A pair of the first front and rear guide slopes 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15, and a pair of second front and rear guide slope surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side surface 16. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5 , the first normal lines A of the pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may be directed away from each other toward the first side. The pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may have shapes that are symmetrical to each other in the front and rear directions. An angle formed by the pair of first side guide slopes 21 may be in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees. That is, the pair of first normal lines A may form an angle within a range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees from each other. The second normal lines B of the pair of second forward and backward guide slopes 32 may be directed toward a direction closer to each other toward the second side. The pair of second forward and backward guide slopes 32 may have shapes that are symmetrical to each other in the front and rear directions. The angle formed by the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 may be in the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees. That is, the pair of second normal lines B may form an angle within a range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees from each other.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side surface 15 may gradually become thicker toward the center from the front and rear ends. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the front and rear ends of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts. In addition, the wall forming the second side surface 16 may gradually become thinner toward the center from both front and rear ends. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the central portion of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may correspond to the thickness of the other portion of the wall.

The first forward and backward guide slope surface 22 and the second forward and backward guide slope surface 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when the second front-rear guide slope 32 of the caisson 10 being settled from the upper part of the first front-rear guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary is in contact with , the second front-rear guide slope 32 of the caisson 10 that is sinking with respect to the first front-back guide slope surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary slides, and the forward and backward direction of the sinking caisson 10 Alignment to is guided.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, even if the wave force acts intensively on either caisson due to the inclination of the first front-rear guide slope surface 22 and the second front-back guide slope surface 32, such force is applied to the first front-back guide slope surface 32. Since it is transmitted to the neighboring caisson through the mutually contacting inclined surfaces of the inclined surface 22 and the second forward-backward guide inclined surface 32, interlocking is surely achieved.

An open cell 18 open to the second side may be provided on the second side surface 16 . The open cell 18 performs the same function as the cell 17, rather than the function of filling the joint to shield the gap between the conventional caisson. The lower part of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 10, after the caissons 10 are placed, the open cells 18 may be filled with rubble stones having a predetermined standard. Therefore, even when a large wave force is transmitted to any one caisson in the front-back direction, interlocking is possible due to engagement between the rippling stone of the open cell 18 and the first front-rear guide slope 22.

Previously, in the first embodiment, the first lateral guide slope 21, the second lateral guide slope 31, the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 are all in the vertical and horizontal directions. The structure formed in the section is exemplified. However, for those skilled in the art, based on these technical ideas, the first lateral guide slope 21, the second lateral guide slope 31, the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 Of course, it can be transformed into a structure formed in some sections in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In the first embodiment, a structure in which open cells 18 are formed on the second side surface 16 is shown. However, it goes without saying that an open cell may be provided on the first side surface 15 instead of the second side surface 16 .

[Second Embodiment]

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 20, and descriptions of the same items as the first embodiment can be omitted.

The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 includes a first lateral guide slope 21 and a first forward-rear guide slope 22. According to the second embodiment, the first lateral guide slope 21 and the first forward-backward guide slope 22 form separate surfaces. Each of the first side guide slope 21 and the first front and rear guide slope 22 may be flat.

The second side surface 16 includes a second lateral guide slope 22 and a second forward-rear guide slope 32 . According to the second embodiment, the second lateral guide slope 22 and the second forward-backward guide slope 32 form separate surfaces. The second side guide slope 22 and the second forward and backward guide slope 32 may each be flat.

The first lateral guide slope 21 has a third normal A1 directed to the first side, and the second lateral guide slope 22 has a fourth normal B1 directed to the second side. Referring to FIG. 13 , the third normal line A1 increases toward the first side. An angle between the first side guide slope 21 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the third normal line A1 may be upward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane. The fourth normal line B1 descends toward the second side. An angle between the second side guide slope 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the fourth normal line B1 may be downward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side surface 15 may gradually become thicker toward the bottom. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost part of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall of other parts. In addition, the wall forming the second side surface 16 may gradually become thicker toward the top. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost part of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may correspond to the thickness of the wall of other parts.

The first side guide slope 21 and the second side guide slope 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second side guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 being submerged from the top of the first side guide slope 21 of the caisson 10 that is stationary is in contact with , The second side guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 that is sinking relative to the first side guide slope surface 21 of the caisson 10 that is stationary slides to the side of the sinking caisson 10. The alignment of is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the third normal line A1 may be parallel to the lateral direction when viewed in the vertical direction. Also, referring to FIG. 15 , the fourth normal line B1 may be parallel to the lateral direction when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the third normal (A1) and the fourth normal (B1) are oblique in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 13, but are not oblique in the front-back direction as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 and are parallel to the side. . Therefore, in a state where the first side guide slope 21 and the second side guide slope 22 are in contact with each other, relative sliding in the forward and backward directions is possible. This allows alignment between the caissons 10 in the front-back direction by means of the first front-rear guide slope 22 and the second front-rear guide slope 32, which will be described later.

A pair of the first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15, and a pair of second front and rear guide slope surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side surface. Referring to FIG. 16 , a pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 each have a fifth normal line A2 facing forward and facing backward. Referring to FIG. 17 , the pair of second forward and backward guide slopes 32 each have a sixth normal line B2 facing backward and facing forward.

Referring to FIG. 16 , the fifth normal lines A2 of the pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may be directed away from each other in the forward and backward directions. That is, the pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 may be facing each other, that is, facing each other. The pair of first forward and backward guide slopes 22 may have shapes that are symmetrical to each other in the front and rear directions. The angle formed by the first forward-backward guide slope 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the fifth normal line A2 may be upward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane.

Referring to FIG. 17 , the sixth normal lines B2 of the pair of second forward and backward guide slopes 32 may be directed toward each other in a forward and backward direction. That is, the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 may be in the form of facing each other. The pair of second forward and backward guide slopes 32 may have shapes that are symmetrical to each other in the front and rear directions. An angle formed by the second forward-backward guiding inclined surface 32 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the sixth normal line B2 may be downward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the central portion of the wall forming the first side surface 15 may be provided with a trapezoidal protrusion that becomes narrower toward the top. Similarly, a trapezoidal groove that becomes narrower toward the top may be provided at the center of the wall forming the second side surface 16 .

The first forward and backward guide slope surface 22 and the second forward and backward guide slope surface 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 19, when the second front-rear guide slope 32 of the caisson 10 being submerged from the upper part of the first front-rear guide slope 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary is in contact with , the second front-rear guide slope 32 of the caisson 10 that is sinking with respect to the first front-back guide slope surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary slides, and the forward and backward direction of the sinking caisson 10 Alignment to is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the fifth normal line A2 may be parallel to the forward and backward directions when viewed in the vertical direction. Also, referring to FIG. 15 , the sixth normal line B2 may be parallel to the forward and backward directions when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the fifth normal (A2) and the sixth normal (B2) are oblique in the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, but are not oblique to the side as shown in FIGS. side by side with Therefore, in a state where the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 are in contact with each other, relative sliding in the lateral direction is possible. This allows lateral alignment between the caissons 10 by means of the first lateral guide slope 21 and the second lateral guide slope 22 described above.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, by the inclination of the first front-rear guide slope 22 and the second front-rear guide slope 32, even if the wave force acts intensively on any one caisson, such force is not applied to the first front-back guide. Since it is transmitted to the neighboring caisson through the mutually contacting inclined surfaces of the inclined surface 22 and the second forward-backward guide inclined surface 32, interlocking is surely achieved.

An open cell 18 open to the second side may be provided on the second side surface 16 . The open cell 18 performs the same function as the cell 17, rather than the function of filling the joint to shield the gap between the conventional caisson. The lower part of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 20, after the caissons 10 are placed, the open cells 18 may be filled with rubble stones having a predetermined standard.

Previously, in the second embodiment, the first lateral guide slope 21, the second lateral guide slope 31, the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 are all in the vertical and horizontal directions. The structure formed in the section is exemplified. However, for those skilled in the art, based on these technical ideas, the first lateral guide slope 21, the second lateral guide slope 31, the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 Of course, it can be transformed into a structure formed in some sections in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In the second embodiment, a structure in which open cells 18 are formed on the second side surface 16 is shown. However, it goes without saying that an open cell may be provided on the first side surface 15 instead of the second side surface 16 .

[Third Embodiment]

A third embodiment of the caisson 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22 below. The caisson 10 of the third embodiment has a first lateral guide slope on the first side surface 15 of the rectangular parallelepiped caisson 10 composed of cells 17 without the open cell 18 compared to the second embodiment. (21) and a first forward and backward guide slope 22 are provided, and a second side guide slope 22 and a second front and rear guide slope 32 are provided on the second side surface 16. The shapes of the inclined surfaces are the same as in the second embodiment.

[Construction method]

The construction method of the above-described caisson 10 is as follows.

First, a caisson yard is selected on land close to the caisson installation work offshore site, and land construction is carried out. Onshore construction is performed in the order of floor grading work, rebar assembly, formwork assembly, and concrete pouring, and the caisson is manufactured and completed on the yard.

Next, the caisson is moved to the sea and temporarily installed. The movement of the caisson may be applied, for example, by forming a hoist on the caisson and moving it by fastening it to the hook of an offshore crane. In addition, various commonly known methods may be applied.

Then, foundation rubble is dropped and laid on the sea work site to form a mound, and the upper surface is leveled. The size of the foundation rubble stones laid to install the mound can be based on standard specifications, and these standards are currently 0.015 ~ 0.03 m ³ /EA in Korea.

After the foundation leveling is completed, the temporary caisson is supported and towed to the sea site.

Next, water is poured into the caisson towed at the offshore site, and the caisson 10 is submerged and placed on a mound. At this time, the main water sedimentation rate may be maintained at around 10 cm per minute. When the caisson (10) is submerged to about 50 cm on the mound surface of the seabed, the water supply to the caisson is stopped, the location where the caisson will be installed is finally checked and corrected, and water is quickly poured into the caisson again to settle the caisson on the bottom of the foundation leveling. let it

Subsequently, the mounting operation is performed so that the second side surface 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted comes into contact with the first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 that has already been installed. At this time, the second side guide slope 22 of the second side 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted is close to the first side guide slope 21 of the first side 15 of the caisson 10 where it is already mounted. In a state where the caisson 10 to be mounted is approached until it is positioned, water is poured into the caisson 10 to settle it. Then, as the sedimentation progresses, the second side guide slope 22 comes into contact with the first side guide slope 21 . The sinking speed is only about 10 cm per minute, so there is little impact when the first two surfaces come into contact. If the caisson 10 continues to sink after the two surfaces come into contact, the first side guide slope 21 and the second side guide slope 22, which are planar with an inclination angle of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, have almost no load applied to each other. They move relative to each other in a state of contact with each other. The second lateral guide slope 22 slides down along the first lateral guide slope 21, and the caisson 10, which sinks accordingly, moves in a direction away from the caisson 10, which is already stationary, in the side direction. The orientation position is precisely aligned.

At least one of the first side guide slope surface 21 and the second side guide slope surface 31 may be provided with a buffer member (guide member) on its surface. As an example, the buffer member may be a tire. As another example, the buffer member may be a roller or a ball. The roller and the ball may be rotatably installed on one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 and elastically supported by a spring toward the opposite surface. The roller and the ball may rotate while contacting the other surface. Then, when the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 come into contact for the first time, the impact is relieved by the elasticity of the spring, and the rolling rotation of the rolling body (ball or roller) causes the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 to It is possible to reduce the friction coefficient of the side surface 16 and guide the smooth descent of the second side surface 16 . Since the wall constituting the first side 15 has a thick bottom and the wall constituting the second side has a thick top, the buffer member is installed on the lower side of the first side 15 and the second side 16 Can be installed on the top side. The buffer member may be installed in a form in which a portion thereof is buried in the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 . When the open cell 18 has a floor, the buffer member may be installed on the floor member.

As the caisson 10 sinks, the second forward-backward guide slope 32 of the second side 16 of the caisson 10 of the second and third embodiments descends, The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10, which is stationary, meets the first front-rear guide slope 22, and accordingly, the caisson 10 is accurately aligned in the front-back direction and descends. In the caisson 10 of the first embodiment, since the lateral guide slope and the front and rear guide slopes form the same plane, the front and rear guide slopes also come into contact at the step of contacting the lateral guide slope, so that the lateral position and the front and rear direction of the caisson 10 sinking The position is precisely aligned and descends.

When the stationary position of the caisson 10 for sinking is completed in this way, alignment is induced by the guidance of the first side 15 and the second side 16 during the sinking process, so the two caissons are in close contact within 10 cm, , they can be mutually mounted so as to have only a gap of about 1 to 2 cm, or to have almost no gap. Therefore, the construction for water blocking of the caisson gap can be omitted, and leakage through the gap between the caissons can be minimized or prevented even if the open cell 18 is filled with a filling material of a smaller standard.

Next, the cells 17 and the open cells 18 of the caisson 10 are filled with a filler. It is preferable that the filling material has a higher specific gravity than seawater. As a filling material filled in the cell 17, natural sandstone or sandstone including slag generated from steel smelting, bottom ash generated from a thermal power plant, and the like may be used.

It is preferable that the rubble stones filled in the open cell 18 closely interfere with each other so that the two neighboring caissons can resist displacement in the fore-and-aft direction in different directions. To this end, a compaction process may be performed on the filling material filled in the open cell 18 .

As in the first and second embodiments, in the interlocking structure by the filling material filled in the open cell 18, when a load is applied to the interlocking part due to a larger external force applied to a specific caisson, the load is concentrated by the filling material Since the load is not concentrated on a specific area, the possibility of damage to the caisson can be reduced.

Subsequently, when a backfill material is installed on the rear surface of the caisson 10 and a top block (not shown) is installed, the construction of the caisson structure is completed. That is, after filling the stationary caisson 10 with a filling material, a bed block may be installed on the top of the caisson, and the backfill material may be filled with rubble stones according to the construction purpose of the caisson.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the first side 15 and the second side 16 of the two neighboring caissons 10 are closely connected, the filling material of the open cell 18 is applied to the gap between the two caissons 10. It does not leak by vomiting. Therefore, the standard of the filling material filled in the open cell 18 is not limited due to leakage prevention.

According to the present invention, it is very easy to place two neighboring caissons, and no gap between the two caissons is generated, so there is no need for an additional joint sealing process, and there is no limit to the size of the filling material filled in the open cell 18, Interlocking is possible.

The present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and it is obvious that various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. In addition, although the operation and effect according to the configuration of the present invention have not been explicitly described and described while describing the embodiments of the present invention above, it is natural that the effects predictable by the corresponding configuration should also be recognized.

10: Caisson
11: Front
12: rear
13: upper surface
14: Bottom
15: first side
16: second side
17: cell
18: open cell
21: first side guide slope
22: first forward and backward guide slope
A: First normal
A1: Third Normal
A2: Fifth Normal
31: second side guide slope
32: second front-rear guide slope
B: second normal
B1: 4th normal
B2: 6th normal

Claims (16)

A caisson 10 having a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, a first side surface 15 connecting one end of the front and rear surfaces, and a second side surface 16 connecting the other end of the front and rear surfaces. As,
The first side 15,
a first side guide slope 21 having a planar shape having a 1-1 normal line that faces a first side and is upward from the horizontal plane; and
Including,
The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 form the same plane,
The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are the same first normal (A),
The second side 16,
It faces the second side and has a 2-1 normal line in a direction downward from the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first side guide slope 21, and has a vertical section corresponding to the first side guide slope 21 a second lateral guide slope 22 of a flat shape provided on; and
It has a pair of 2-2 normals that approach each other in the front-back direction, has a shape complementary to the first front-backward guide slope surface 22, and is provided in an up-down section corresponding to the first front-back guide slope surface 22. Including; a pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 of a planar shape,
The second lateral guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form the same surface,
Caisson, characterized in that the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are the same second normal (B).
A caisson (10) having a front surface (11), a rear surface (12), a first side surface (15) connecting one end of the front and rear surfaces, and a second side surface (16) connecting the other end of the front and rear surfaces. As,
The first side 15,
a first side guide slope 21 having a planar shape having a 1-1 normal line that faces a first side and is upward from the horizontal plane; and
Including,
The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 form separate planes,
The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are different third normals (A1) and fifth normals (A2),
The second side 16,
It faces the second side and has a 2-1 normal line in a direction downward from the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first side guide slope 21, and has a vertical section corresponding to the first side guide slope 21 a second lateral guide slope 22 of a flat shape provided on; and
It has a pair of 2-2 normals that approach each other in the front-back direction, has a shape complementary to the first front-backward guide slope surface 22, and is provided in an up-down section corresponding to the first front-back guide slope surface 22. Including; a pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 of a planar shape,
The second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form separate planes,
Caisson, characterized in that the 2-1st normal and the 2-2nd normal are different 4th normals (B1) and 6th normals (B2), respectively.
The method of claim 1,
The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the first side surface 15,
Caisson, characterized in that the second side guide slope (22) and the second forward and backward guide slope (32) are provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the second side surface (16).
The method of claim 2,
The first side guide slope 21 and the first forward and backward guide slope 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the first side surface 15,
Caisson, characterized in that the second side guide slope (22) and the second forward and backward guide slope (32) are provided as a whole in the vertical direction on the second side surface (16).
The method of claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first side guide slope 21 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second side guide slope (22) is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method of claim 2,
The inclination angle of the first side guide slope 21 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second side guide slope (22) is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method of claim 1,
The angle between the pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 is in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the angle between the pair of second front and rear guide slopes (32) is within the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees.
The method of claim 2,
The angle between the pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 is in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the angle between the pair of second front and rear guide slopes (32) is within the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees.
The method of claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide slope 22 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide slope 32 is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method of claim 2,
The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide slope 22 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide slope 32 is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method of claim 1,
A caisson, characterized in that an open cell 18 open to the side is provided on at least one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16.
The method of claim 2,
A caisson, characterized in that an open cell 18 open to the side is provided on at least one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16.
As a structure construction method using the caisson of any one of claims 1 to 12, the caisson structure construction method,
A first step of manufacturing the caisson 10 on the ground;
A second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 to the sea and towing it to the top of the mound; and
A caisson structure construction method comprising a; third step of pouring water into the caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 and place it stationary.
The method of claim 13,
The third step is
Step 3-1 of aligning the position so that the second side surface 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side surface 15 of another caisson 10 already stationed on the mound;
Step 3-2 of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 so that the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 come into contact; and
Step 3-3 of completing the sedimentation operation by pouring water in a state where the second side surface 16 of the caisson 10 during the sedimentation operation is in contact with the first side surface 15 of the stationary caisson 10; Characteristics of the caisson structure construction method.
The method of claim 13,
A method of constructing a caisson structure further comprising the step of filling the cells 17 of the stationary caisson 10 with a filler and installing a top block.
The method of claim 13,
A caisson structure construction method further comprising the step of laying a backfill material on the rear surface of the stationary caisson 10.

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