KR102266376B1 - A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a caisson that can conveniently and accurately mount the neighboring caisson, and interlock between the neighboring caisson after mounting. The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 includes: a first side guide inclined surface 21 facing a first side and having a 1-1 normal in a direction upward than a horizontal plane; and a pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 having a pair of first and second normals moving away from each other in the front and rear directions, wherein the second side surface 16 is directed toward the second side and downwards from the horizontal surface. A second lateral guide inclined surface having a 2-1 normal to the direction, having a shape complementary to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21, and provided in a vertical section corresponding to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 ( 22); and a pair of 2-2 normals approaching each other in the front-rear direction, having a shape complementary to the first front-back guide inclined surface 22, and in the vertical section corresponding to the first front-back guide inclined surface 22 A pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 are provided.

Description

A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure

The present invention relates to a caisson, and more particularly, to a caisson capable of conveniently and accurately mounting neighboring caisson, and interlocking between neighboring caisson after mounting, and a construction method of a structure using the caisson.

In general, a caisson is a structure that is essentially used in the construction of a port. For example, it is applied to important facilities in ports, such as gravity-type quay walls and breakwaters.

Recently, the sea level is rising due to global warming, and due to this, an invasion of abnormal waves with a higher wave height than the design wave is expected. If you do not properly respond to these changes, the possibility of leading to a major accident is gradually increasing. In the case of breakwaters, the size of the breakwater is increasing due to the increase in design wave height, but the reality is that the 50-year-old design wave or higher wave does not know when to attack, so they are struggling to come up with an alternative. are thinking about

Therefore, it is urgently required to prepare a plan that can actively cope with changes in port logistics conditions such as an increase in design waves due to climate change and enlargement of ships, that is, a plan to cope with an increase in horizontal force.

In the case of a breakwater, the caisson must withstand the horizontal force of the wave by its own weight. However, waves are not always constant, and the horizontal force of waves is often concentrated in one caisson. However, if the caisson is designed assuming that the horizontal force is concentrated in this way, the self-weight of the caisson is inevitably increased, which leads to an increase in cost and deterioration of workability. For example, as the load of the caisson increases, not only the material cost but also the scale of heavy equipment such as a crane capable of handling it increases.

Accordingly, a method has been proposed to lower the load required for the caisson by leveling the horizontal force of waves acting on the caisson by interlocking the neighboring caisson in the prior art. These interlocking caisson must be precisely aligned with each other or abutting areas.

Conventionally, the method of stopping the caisson was a method of pouring water into the inside of the caisson towed to an offshore site, and subsidence of the caisson to stop it. At this time, the water sedimentation rate should be maintained at around 10cm per minute. If the subsidence continues and the caisson approaches the leveling surface of the seabed to about 50cm, stop watering the caisson and finally check and correct the location where the caisson will be installed. be seated The caisson structure is a heavy object, and it is difficult to complete the caisson mounting work at once because it is affected by the weather at the work site, currents, and the condition of the foundation leveling surface. Therefore, most of the stops are completed through several iterations.

Next, next to the already stopped caisson, the caisson is mounted on the side again. At this time, in order to prevent the caisson and caisson from being damaged by contact with each other, a tire fan etc. is installed in the caisson to remove 1 of the neighboring caisson. Prevents damage when contacting a car, and removes tire fenders when mounted precisely.

At this time, the distance between the two caisson is set to about 10cm ~ 20cm. Given the weight of the caisson, this task was very difficult.

Registered Patent Publication No. 1664160 Registered Patent Publication No. 1613886 Registered Patent Publication No. 1780982

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems, and when the caisson is settling, the caisson that has already been stopped nearby guides the sedimentation of the caisson that is currently settling, so that the stop of the caisson is easy, and after it is mounted An object of the present invention is to provide a caisson in which two adjacent caisson can be interlocked, and a construction method of the structure.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a front side 11, a rear side 12, a first side 15 connecting one end of the front side and the rear side, and a second side connecting the other end of the front side and the rear side A caisson (10) having a side (16) is provided.

The first side surface 15 may include: a first side guide inclined surface 21 facing a first side and having a 1-1 normal line in a direction upward from a horizontal plane; and a pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 having a pair of first and second normals moving away from each other in the front and rear directions.

The second side surface 16 has a 2-1 normal line in a direction that is directed to the second side and downwards from the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first side guide inclined surface 21, and the first side guide inclined surface (21) and the second side guide inclined surface provided in the vertical section corresponding to (22); and a pair of 2-2 normals approaching each other in the front-rear direction, having a shape complementary to the first front-back guide inclined surface 22, and in the vertical section corresponding to the first front-back guide inclined surface 22 A pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 are provided.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 , the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 , the second side guide inclined surface 22 , and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be flat.

The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the first side 15, and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface ( 32) may be provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the second side surface 16 .

The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may form the same plane, and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may form the same plane.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal may be the same first normal (A), and the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal may be the same second normal (B).

The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form separate surfaces, and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may form separate surfaces. have.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are third normal A1 and a fifth normal A2 that are different from each other, respectively, and the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are different from each other. It may be a fourth normal (B1) and a sixth normal (B2).

The inclination angle of the first side guide inclined surface 21 may be in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

The angle between the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees, and the angle between the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be in the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees.

The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may be in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

At least one of the first side 15 and the second side 16 may be provided with an open cell 18 that is opened laterally.

The open cell 18 may be provided only on the second side 16 of the first side 15 and the second side 16 .

At least one of the first side 15 and the second side 16 absorbs the shock generated when the first side 15 and the second side 16 come into contact, and the second side ( 16) may be provided with a buffer member for guiding the sliding movement with respect to the first side (15).

The buffer member may include a rolling member installed on one side, and an elastic body for elastically supporting the rolling member toward the other side.

The present invention provides a structure construction method using the above-described caisson.

The caisson structure construction method includes a first step of manufacturing the caisson 10 on the ground; a second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 to the sea and towing it to the top of the mound; and a third step of sinking the caisson 10 by pouring water into the caisson 10 and stopping the caisson 10 .

The third step is a 3-1 step of aligning the position so that the second side 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side 15 of the other caisson 10 that is already stationary on the mound ; A 3-2 step of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to make the caisson 10 settle so that the first side 15 and the second side 16 are in contact; and 3-3 steps of watering in a state in which the second side 16 of the caisson 10 in the course of the sedimentation operation is in contact with the first side 15 of the suspended caisson 10 to complete the sedimentation operation; can

The method of constructing the caisson structure may further include filling the cells 17 of the suspended caisson 10 with a filler, and installing the upper block.

The caisson structure construction method may further include installing a backfill material on the rear surface of the suspended caisson 10 .

According to the caisson of the present invention, it is very easy to stop the two neighboring caisson.

According to the caisson of the present invention, a gap between the two caisson does not occur, so an additional joint sealing process is not required.

According to the caisson of the present invention, there is no limit to the specification of the filler to be filled in the open cell.

According to the caisson of the present invention, interlocking between two neighboring caisson is possible without a complicated mounting process.

In addition to the above-described effects, the specific effects of the present invention will be described together while describing specific details for carrying out the invention below.

1 is a first perspective view of a first embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the first embodiment.
4 is a plan view of the first embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a first side view of the first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a second side view of the first embodiment.
8 is a perspective view showing the mounting process of the caisson of the first embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 8 ;
10 is a perspective view of a state in which the caisson of the first embodiment is mounted.
11 is a first perspective view of a second embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.
12 is a second perspective view of the second embodiment.
Fig. 13 is a front view of the second embodiment.
14 is a plan view of the second embodiment.
Fig. 15 is a bottom view of the second embodiment.
Fig. 16 is a first side view of the second embodiment.
Fig. 17 is a second side view of the second embodiment.
18 is a front view showing the mounting process of the caisson of the second embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a view obliquely looking at FIG. 18 from the first side.
20 is a perspective view of a state in which the caisson of the second embodiment is mounted.
21 is a first perspective view of a third embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.
22 is a second perspective view of the third embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and various changes may be made and may be implemented in various different forms. Only the present embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully inform those of ordinary skill in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and all changes and equivalents included in the technical spirit and scope of the present invention as well as substituting or adding the configuration of any one embodiment and the configuration of other embodiments to each other or substitutes.

The accompanying drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical spirit disclosed in the present specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes and equivalents included in the spirit and scope of the present invention It should be understood to include water or substitutes. In the drawings, in consideration of the convenience of understanding, etc., the size or thickness may be exaggeratedly expressed as large or small, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto.

The terms used herein are used only to describe specific embodiments or examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. And singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the specification, terms such as includes, consists of, etc. are intended to designate that the features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification exist. That is, in the specification, terms such as include and consist of. It should be understood that this does not preclude the possibility of addition or existence of one or more other features or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Terms including an ordinal number, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by the terms. The above terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

When a component is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another component, it is understood that the other component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle.

When an element is referred to as being "on" or "below" another element, it should be understood that other elements may be present in the middle as well as disposed directly on the other element. .

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present application. does not

[First embodiment]

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 .

The caisson 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a front surface 11 , a rear surface 12 , an upper surface 13 , a bottom surface 14 , a first side surface 15 , and a second side surface 16 . The front surface 11 and the rear surface 12 may be perpendicular to the sea floor, and the upper surface 13 and the bottom surface 14 may be parallel to the sea floor.

The upper surface 13 of the caisson 10 is provided with an upwardly open cell 17 . The cell 17 may be a closed cell with a closed bottom, or may be partially or entirely open.

The cell 17 is surrounded by a wall having a predetermined thickness, and may be filled with a filling material after being mounted. The filling material may be sandstone having a predetermined standard.

The first side 15 of the caisson 10 faces the second side 16 of the neighboring caisson 10 . The first side surface 15 includes a first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and a first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 . According to the first embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form the same plane. The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may be flat.

The second side surface 16 includes a second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and a second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 . According to the first embodiment, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 form the same plane. The second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be flat.

Of course, the present invention excludes that the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22, and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 form a curved surface. no.

The first lateral guide slope 21 has a first normal A facing the first side and the second side guide slope 22 has a second normal B facing the second side. Referring to FIG. 3 , the first normal line A increases toward the first side. An angle between the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the first normal (A) may rise within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The second normal line B is downward toward the second side. The angle between the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the first normal line A may descend within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side 15 may be gradually thickened toward the lower portion. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost end of the wall forming the first side 15 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall in other parts. And the wall forming the second side 16 may be gradually thickened toward the top. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost end of the wall constituting the second side 16 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall in other parts.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is settling from the upper part of the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the stationary caisson 10 is in contact , The second lateral guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is settling with respect to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 of the suspended caisson 10 slides to the side of the sinking caisson 10 sorting is guided.

The first front and rear guide slopes 22 have a first normal A facing the first side and the second front and rear guide slopes 32 have a second normal B facing the second side. A pair of the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15 , and a pair of the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side surface 16 . 4 and 5 , the first normal line A of the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be directed away from each other toward the first side. The pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be symmetrical to each other in the front and rear. An angle formed by the pair of first lateral guide inclined surfaces 21 may be in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees. That is, the pair of first normals A may form an angle within the range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to each other. The second normal (B) of the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be directed toward each other toward the second side. The pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be symmetrical to each other in front and rear. The angle formed by the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be in the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees. That is, the pair of second normals B may form an angle within the range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to each other.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side 15 may be gradually thickened from the front and rear both ends to the center. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the front and rear both ends of the wall constituting the first side 15 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall in other parts. In addition, the wall forming the second side surface 16 may gradually become thinner from the front and rear both ends toward the center. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the middle portion of the wall forming the second side surface 16 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall at other portions.

The first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 of the caisson 10 that is settling from the upper part of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 of the stationary caisson 10 is in contact , The second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 of the caisson 10 that is settling with respect to the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary slides, and the front and rear direction of the sinking caisson 10 sorting is guided.

Also, as shown in FIG. 10, by the inclination of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32, even if the wave force acts intensively on any one caisson, such force is the first front and rear guide Since it is transmitted to the adjacent caisson through the inclined surfaces in contact with each other of the inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32, interlocking is assured.

An open cell 18 opened to the second side may be provided on the second side 16 . The open cell 18 is not a function of filling a joint for shielding the gap between the conventional caisson and the caisson, but has the same function as the cell 17 . The lower portion of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 10 , after the caisson 10 is stopped, the open cell 18 may be filled with a stone having a predetermined standard. Therefore, even if a large wave force is transmitted to any one of the caisson in the front-rear direction, interlocking is possible due to the engagement of the rock of the open cell 18 with the first front-rear guide inclined surface 22 .

In the first embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 31, and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are all in the vertical direction and left and right directions. The structure formed in the section is exemplified. However, for those skilled in the art, based on this technical idea, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 31, and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are Of course, it can be deformed to a structure formed in some sections in the vertical direction and the left and right directions.

In the first embodiment, the structure in which the open cell 18 is formed on the second side surface 16 is shown. However, of course, an open cell may be provided on the first side 15 instead of the second side 16 .

[Second embodiment]

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 20, and descriptions of the same items as those of the first embodiment may be omitted.

The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 includes a first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and a first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 . According to the second embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form separate surfaces. The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may be flat, respectively.

The second side surface 16 includes a second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and a second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 . According to the second embodiment, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 form separate surfaces. The second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be flat, respectively.

The first lateral guide slope 21 has a third normal A1 facing the first side and the second side guide slope 22 has a fourth normal B1 facing the second side. Referring to FIG. 13 , the third normal line A1 increases toward the first side. An angle between the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the third normal line A1 may rise upward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The fourth normal line B1 is downward toward the second side. The angle between the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the fourth normal line B1 may be downward within the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall forming the first side 15 may be gradually thickened toward the lower portion. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost end of the wall forming the first side 15 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall in other parts. And the wall forming the second side 16 may be gradually thickened toward the top. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost end of the wall constituting the second side 16 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall in other parts.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9 , the second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is settling from the top of the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the stationary caisson 10 is in the water. When in contact with the first lateral guide inclined surface 21, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is settling with respect to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 of the stationary caisson 10 slides. By moving, the lateral alignment of the settling caisson 10 is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the third normal line A1 may be parallel to the lateral direction when viewed in the vertical direction. Also, referring to FIG. 15 , the fourth normal line B1 may be parallel to the lateral direction when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the third normal A1 and the fourth normal B1 are oblique in the vertical direction as shown in Fig. 13, but are not oblique in the front-rear direction as shown in Figs. 14 and 15 but are parallel to the side. . Accordingly, in a state in which the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 are in contact with each other, relative sliding in the front-rear direction is possible. This allows alignment in the front-rear direction between the caisson 10 by the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 to be described later.

A pair of the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15 , and a pair of the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side surface. Referring to FIG. 16 , the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 have fifth normal lines A2 facing forward and backward, respectively. Referring to FIG. 17 , the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 each have a sixth normal B2 that faces backward and forward.

Referring to FIG. 16 , the fifth normal line A2 of the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be directed away from each other in the front and rear directions. That is, the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be in a form facing each other, that is, in a form opposite to each other. The pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be symmetrical to each other in the front and rear. The angle between the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the vertical line may be in the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees. That is, the fifth normal A2 may rise upward within a range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Referring to FIG. 17 , the sixth normal line B2 of the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be directed toward each other in the front-rear direction. That is, the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be facing each other. The pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be symmetrical to each other in front and rear. The angle between the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 and the vertical line may be in the range of -1 degree to -5 degree. That is, the sixth normal line B2 may be downward within the range of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the central portion of the wall forming the first side 15 may be provided with a trapezoidal protrusion having a shape that becomes narrower toward the top. Similarly, in the central portion of the wall forming the second side surface 16, a trapezoidal groove having a shape that becomes narrower toward the top may be provided.

The first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 19 , the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 of the caisson 10 that is settling from the upper part of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 that is stationary is in the water. When in contact with the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22, the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 of the caisson 10 that is settling with respect to the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 of the stationary caisson 10 slides. By moving, the alignment in the front-rear direction of the settling caisson 10 is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14 , the fifth normal A2 may be parallel to the front-rear direction when viewed in the vertical direction. Also, referring to FIG. 15 , the sixth normal line B2 may be parallel to the front-rear direction when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the fifth normal A2 and the sixth normal B2 are slanted in the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 , but are not slanted laterally as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 but in the front-rear direction as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 . side by side with Accordingly, in a state in which the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are in contact with each other, a relative slide is possible laterally. This allows lateral alignment between the caisson 10 by the first lateral guide ramp 21 and the second lateral guide ramp 22 described above.

Also, as shown in FIG. 20, by the inclination of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32, even if the wave force acts intensively on any one caisson, such force is the first front and rear guide Since it is transmitted to the adjacent caisson through the inclined surfaces in contact with each other of the inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32, interlocking is assured.

An open cell 18 opened to the second side may be provided on the second side 16 . The open cell 18 is not a function of filling a joint for shielding the gap between the conventional caisson and the caisson, but has the same function as the cell 17 . The lower portion of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 20 , after the caisson 10 is stopped, the open cell 18 may be filled with a stone having a predetermined standard.

In the second embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 31, and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are all in the vertical direction and left and right directions. The structure formed in the section is exemplified. However, for those skilled in the art, based on this technical idea, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 31, and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are Of course, it can be deformed to a structure formed in some sections in the vertical direction and the left and right directions.

In the second embodiment, the structure in which the open cell 18 is formed on the second side surface 16 is shown. However, of course, an open cell may be provided on the first side 15 instead of the second side 16 .

[Third embodiment]

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the caisson 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22 . The caisson 10 of the third embodiment has a first lateral guide inclined surface on the first side 15 of the caisson 10 in the form of a cuboid consisting of cells 17 without open cells 18 in contrast to the second embodiment. 21 and a first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 are provided, and a second side guide inclined surface 22 and a second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are provided on the second side surface 16 . The shapes of the inclined surfaces are not different from those of the second embodiment.

[Construction method]

The construction method of the above-described caisson 10 is as follows.

First, select a caisson yard on land that is close to the caisson mounting work offshore site and carry out onshore construction. Onshore construction consists of floor grading work, rebar assembly, formwork assembly, and concrete pouring in the order, and the caisson is manufactured and completed on the yard.

Next, the caisson is moved to the sea and temporarily suspended. The movement of the caisson may be applied, for example, by forming a carrying ring in the caisson and moving it by fastening it to the hook of an offshore crane, and in addition to this, various commonly known methods may be applied.

Then, by dropping and laying the foundation stones at the work site in the sea, the mound is formed and the upper surface is leveled. The standard of the foundation stone laid to install the mound can be based on the standard specification, and these standards are currently 0.015 ~ 0.03 m ³ /EA according to the domestic standard.

After the foundation leveling is completed, the temporarily mounted caisson is lifted and towed to the offshore site.

Next, the water is poured into the inside of the caisson towed to the offshore site and the caisson 10 is settled and stopped on the mound. At this time, the water sedimentation rate may be maintained at about 10 cm per minute. When the caisson (10) settles close to about 50cm on the mound surface of the sea floor, stop watering the caisson and finally check and correct the location where the caisson will be installed, and then quickly fill the caisson and place the caisson on the floor leveling the foundation make it

Next, adjacent to the first side 15 of the already mounted caisson 10, the second side 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted is in contact with the mounting operation. At this time, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 of the second side 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted is close to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 of the first side 15 of the caisson 10 on which it is already mounted. In a state in which the caisson 10 to be mounted is approached until it is positioned, water is poured into the caisson 10 to settle. Then, as the subsidence proceeds, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 comes into contact with the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 in water. The sedimentation rate is only about 10 cm per minute, so there is little impact when the first two sides touch underwater. If the caisson 10 continues to sink after the two surfaces come into contact, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22, which are flat shapes with an inclination angle of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, have almost no load applied to each other. They slide relative to each other without being in contact with each other. The second lateral guide inclined surface 22 slides down on the first lateral guide inclined surface 21, and the caisson 10, which sinks accordingly, moves in a direction away from the caisson 10 already stationary and moves in a direction away from the side. The orientation position is precisely aligned.

At least one of the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 31 may be provided with a buffer member (guide member) on the surface thereof. As an example, the cushioning member may be a tire. As another example, the buffer member may be a roller or a ball. The roller and the ball may be rotatably installed on any one of the first side 15 and the second side 16 and elastically supported by a spring toward the other side facing each other. The roller and the ball may rotate while in contact with the other surface. Then, when the first side 15 and the second side 16 come into contact for the first time, the impact is relieved by the elasticity of the spring, and the first side 15 and the second side 15 by the rolling rotation of the rolling body (ball or roller) It is possible to reduce the friction coefficient of the side surface 16 and guide the smooth lowering of the second side surface 16 . Since the wall constituting the first side 15 has a thick lower portion and the wall constituting the second side is thick at the upper side, the buffer member is installed on the lower side of the first side 15 and the second side 16 of It can be installed on the upper side. The buffer member may be installed in such a way that a portion thereof is embedded in the first side 15 and the second side 16 . The buffer member may be installed on the bottom member when the open cell 18 has a bottom.

As the caisson 10 settles, the caisson 10 of the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 of the second side 16 of the caisson 10 that is settling descends, It meets the first front-rear guide inclined surface 22 of the first side 15 of the caisson 10 that is stationary, and accordingly, the caisson 10 is accurately aligned in the front-rear direction and descends. In the caisson 10 of the first embodiment, since the lateral guide inclined surface and the front and rear guide inclined surfaces form the same plane, the front and rear guide inclined surfaces are also contacted in the step of making the side guide inclined surfaces come into contact. Position is precisely aligned and descend.

When the stopping value of the caisson 10 to settle in this way is completed, alignment is induced by the guidance of the first side 15 and the second side 16 during the sedimentation process, so the two caisson are in close contact within 10 cm. , can be mounted to each other so that there is only a gap of only 1 to 2 cm, or there is almost no gap. Therefore, the construction for sealing the gap between the caisson can be omitted, and even if the filler of a smaller size is filled in the open cell 18, leakage through the gap between the caisson can be minimized or prevented.

Next, the filling material is filled in the cell 17 and the open cell 18 of the caisson 10 . It is preferable that the filling material has a larger specific gravity than seawater. As a filling material to be filled in the cell 17, natural sandstone or sandstone including slag generated from steel smelting, bottom ash generated from a thermal power plant, etc. may be used.

It is preferable that the rocks filled in the open cells 18 closely interfere with each other so that two adjacent caissons can resist displacement in the forward and backward directions in different directions. To this end, a compaction process may be performed on the filling material filled in the open cell 18 .

As in the first and second embodiments, the interlocking structure by the filler filled in the open cell 18, when a greater external force is applied to a specific caisson and a load is applied to the interlocking part, the load is concentrated by the filler Since the load is not concentrated in a specific area and acts as a positively distributed load, the possibility of caisson damage can be reduced.

Then, when the backfilling material is installed on the back side of the caisson 10, and an upper block (not shown) is installed, the construction of the caisson structure is completed. That is, after filling the stationary caisson 10 with the filling material, the upper block can be installed on the upper end of the caisson, and the back filling material can be filled with sandstone according to the construction purpose of the caisson.

Meanwhile, according to the present invention, since the first side 15 and the second side 16 of the two adjacent caisson 10 are closely connected, the filler of the open cell 18 is a gap between the two caisson 10 . vomit and do not leak. Therefore, the specification of the filler filling the open cell 18 is not limited due to leakage prevention.

According to the present invention, it is very easy to stop the two adjacent caisson, there is no gap between the two caisson, so there is no need for an additional jointing process. Interlocking is possible.

The present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed herein, and it is apparent that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. In addition, although the effects of the configuration of the present invention are not explicitly described and described while describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the effects predictable by the configuration should also be recognized.

10: caisson
11: front
12: rear
13: upper surface
14: bottom
15: first aspect
16: second aspect
17: cell
18: open cell
21: first side guide slope
22: first front and rear guide slope
A: first normal
A1: third normal
A2: 5th normal
31: second side guide slope
32: 2nd front and rear guide slope
B: second normal
B1: 4th normal
B2: 6th normal

Claims (16)

Caisson 10 having a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, a first side 15 connecting one end of the front and rear, and a second side 16 connecting the other end of the front and rear As,
The first side 15 is,
a first lateral guide inclined surface 21 facing the first side and having a 1-1 normal line in a direction upward from the horizontal plane; and
A pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 having a pair of first and second normals moving away from each other in the front and rear directions;
The second side 16 is
A vertical section that faces the second side and has a 2-1 normal in a direction downward than the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 , and corresponds to the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 . A second side guide inclined surface 22 provided in; and
It has a pair of 2-2 normals approaching each other in the front-rear direction, has a shape complementary to the first front-rear guide inclined surface 22, and is provided in the vertical section corresponding to the first front-rear guide inclined surface 22 A caisson comprising a; a pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces (32).
The method according to claim 1,
The first lateral guide inclined surface 21, the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22, the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are flat surfaces.
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the first side surface 15,
Caisson, characterized in that the second side guide inclined surface (22) and the second front and rear guide inclined surface (32) are provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the second side surface (16).
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form the same plane,
Caisson, characterized in that the second side guide inclined surface (22) and the second front and rear guide inclined surface (32) form the same surface.
The method according to claim 1,
The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are the same first normal (A),
The 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are caisson, characterized in that the same second normal (B).
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form separate surfaces,
The second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 are caisson, characterized in that forming a separate surface.
The method according to claim 1,
The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are a third normal A1 and a fifth normal A2 different from each other, respectively,
The 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are caisson, characterized in that the fourth normal (B1) and the sixth normal (B2) are different from each other.
The method according to claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first side guide inclined surface 21 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second side guide inclined surface (22) is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
The angle between the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 is in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the angle between the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces (32) is within the range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
Caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide inclined surface (32) is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
Caisson, characterized in that at least one of the first side (15) and the second side (16) is provided with an open cell (18) opened laterally.
The method according to claim 1,
At least one of the first side 15 and the second side 16 absorbs the shock generated when the first side 15 and the second side 16 come into contact, and the second side ( 16) Caisson, characterized in that provided with a buffer member for guiding the sliding movement with respect to the first side (15).
As a structure construction method using the caisson of any one of claims 1 to 12, the caisson structure construction method comprises:
A first step of manufacturing the caisson (10) on the ground;
a second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 to the sea and towing it to the top of the mound; and
A caisson structure construction method comprising a; a third step of pouring water into the inside of the caisson (10) to set the caisson (10) to settle.
14. The method of claim 13,
The third step is
3-1 step of aligning the position so that the second side 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side 15 of the other caisson 10 that is already stationary on the mound;
A 3-2 step of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 so that the first side 15 and the second side 16 are in contact; and
Step 3-3 of completing the sedimentation operation by pouring water in a state in which the second side 16 of the caisson 10 during the sedimentation operation is in contact with the first side 15 of the suspended caisson 10; Caisson structure construction method characterized in that.
14. The method of claim 13,
Caisson structure construction method further comprising the step of filling the cell 17 of the suspended caisson 10 with a filling material, and installing an upper block.
14. The method of claim 13,
Caisson structure construction method further comprising the step of installing a backfill material on the rear side of the suspended caisson (10).

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