KR20210011492A - A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a caisson allowing adjacent caissons to be conveniently and accurately held thereby and then enabling the adjacent caissons to be interlocked to each other. The caisson comprises a first side surface (15) and a second side surface (16), wherein the first side surface (15) includes: a first side guide inclined surface (21) oriented toward a first side and having a 1-1-th normal line in a direction upward rather than a horizontal plane; and a pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces (22) having a pair of 1-2-th normal lines moving apart from each other in the front-rear direction, and the second side surface (16) includes: a second side guide inclined surface (22) which is oriented toward a second side, has a 2-1-th normal line in a direction downward rather than the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first side guide inclined surface (21), and is provided in a vertical section corresponding to the first side guide inclined surface (21); and a pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces (32) which have a pair of 2-2-th normal lines becoming closer to each other in the front-rear direction, have a shape complementary to the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces (22), and are provided in a vertical section corresponding to the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces (22).

Description

A Caison and Construction Method of the Caison Structure

The present invention relates to a caisson, and more particularly, to a caisson in which neighboring caissons can be conveniently and accurately mounted, and interlocking between neighboring caissons after mounting, and a construction method of a structure using the same.

In general, the caisson is a structure that is essentially used in port construction. For example, it is applied to important facilities in ports such as gravity-type quay walls and breakwaters.

The sea level has recently risen due to global warming, and as a result, an invasion of abnormal waves with a higher wave height than the design wave is expected, and if not appropriately responded to such changes, the possibility of leading to a major accident is gradually increasing. In the case of breakwater, it is increasing in size with the increase in design wave height, but it is a reality that 50 years of design wave or higher wave does not invade when it is not known when it is possible to invade, and in the case of the land-side gravity-type quay wall, additional stability is secured by the enlargement of the ship. I am contemplating.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a plan to actively cope with changes in port logistics conditions such as an increase in design waves due to climate change and an increase in ship size, that is, a plan to cope with the increase in horizontal force.

In the case of a breakwater, the caisson must withstand the horizontal force of the wave by its own weight. However, the wave is not always constant, and the horizontal force of the wave is often concentrated in one caisson. However, if the caisson is designed under the assumption that the horizontal force is concentrated in this way, the caisson's own weight is inevitably increased, which leads to an increase in cost and deterioration in constructability. For example, as the load of the caisson increases, not only the material cost, but also the scale of heavy equipment such as cranes that can handle it increases.

Accordingly, conventionally, a method for lowering the required load of the caisson by interlocking neighboring caissons to level the horizontal force of waves acting on the caisson has been proposed. These interlocking caissons must be precisely aligned with each other or in contact with each other.

Conventionally, the method of stationary stationing the caisson was a method of watering the inside of the caisson towed at the sea site, and setting the caisson by sedimentation. At this time, the main water sedimentation rate should be kept around 10cm per minute. If the caisson continues to subside and approaches 50cm to the bottom of the sea floor, the caisson is stopped and finally the location where the caisson is to be installed is checked and corrected. Then, the caisson is quickly poured into the caisson to place the caisson on the floor. Settle. The caisson structure is a heavy object, and it is difficult to finish the caisson mounting work at once because it is affected by the weather of the work site, tide, and the condition of the foundation level. In most cases, the stationary position is completed through several iterations.

Next, the caisson is installed next to the already stationary caisson, and the caisson is mounted on the side of the caisson again. In this case, a tire fan is installed on the caisson to prevent damage due to contact between the caisson and the caisson. Prevents damage when contacting a car, and removes tire fan when mounted precisely.

At this time, the distance between the two caissons is set to be about 10cm to 20cm. Given the weight of the caisson, this was a very difficult task.

Registered Patent Publication No. 1664160 Registered Patent Publication No. 1613886 Registered Patent Publication No. 1780982

The present invention was devised to solve the above-described problem, and when sedimenting the caisson, the caisson already stationary adjacent to it guides the sedimentation of the caisson that is currently settling, so that the caisson is easily stationary, and after being mounted An object of the present invention is to provide a caisson in which two neighboring caissons can be interlocked and a construction method of the structure.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the present invention provides a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, a first side surface 15 connecting one end of the front and rear surfaces, and a second side connecting the other end of the front and rear surface. It provides a caisson 10 with a side 16.

The first side surface 15 includes: a first side guide inclined surface 21 having a 1-1 normal line facing the first side and in an upward direction than the horizontal surface; And a pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 having a pair of 1-2 normals that are separated from each other in the front and rear direction.

The second side surface 16 has a 2-1 normal line that faces a second side and is in a direction downward than a horizontal surface, has a shape complementary to the first side guide slope surface 21, and the first side guide slope surface A second side guide inclined surface 22 provided in the vertical section corresponding to (21); And a pair of 2-2 normals that are close to each other in the anteroposterior direction, and have a shape complementary to the first anterior and posterior guide inclined surfaces 22, and in the vertical section corresponding to the first anterior and posterior guide inclined surfaces 22 It includes; a pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 provided.

The first side guide inclined surface 21, the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22, the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be flat.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the first side surface 15, and the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces ( 32) may be provided entirely in the vertical direction from the second side surface 16.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may form the same surface, and the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may form the same surface.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal may be the same first normal (A), and the 2-1 and the 2-2 normal may be the same second normal (B).

The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first before and after guide inclined surfaces 22 form separate surfaces, and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 and the second before and after guide inclined surfaces 32 form separate surfaces. have.

The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are respectively different third normal (A1) and fifth normal (A2), and the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are different from each other. It may be a 4th normal (B1) and a 6th normal (B2).

The inclination angle of the first side guide inclined surface 21 may be in a range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

The intervening angle of the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be in the range of 182 to 210 degrees, and the intervening angle of the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be in the range of 150 to 178 degrees.

The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may be in a range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, and the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.

At least one of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 may be provided with an open cell 18 that is open to the side.

The open cell 18 may be provided only on the second side 16 of the first side 15 and the second side 16.

At least one of the first side (15) and the second side (16) absorbs the impact generated when the first side (15) and the second side (16) come into contact, and the second side ( 16) may be provided with a buffer member for guiding the slide movement with respect to the first side (15).

The buffer member may include a rolling member installed on one side and an elastic body elastically supporting the rolling member toward the other side.

The present invention provides a structure construction method using the caisson described above.

The caisson structure construction method includes a first step of manufacturing a caisson 10 on the ground; A second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 by sea and towing it to the top of the mound; And a third step in which the caisson 10 is settled by pouring water into the inside of the caisson 10 to be stationary.

The third step is a 3-1 step of aligning the position so that the second side 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side 15 of the other caisson 10 that is already stationary on the mound. ; 3-2 step of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 so that the first side 15 and the second side 16 contact each other; And 3-3 step of completing the settling operation by pouring water in a state in which the second side 16 of the caisson 10 is in contact with the first side 15 of the caisson 10 stationary. I can.

The method of constructing the caisson structure may further include filling a filling material in the cell 17 of the caisson 10 which is stationary, and installing a top block.

The method of constructing the caisson structure may further include the step of installing a backfill material on the rear surface of the caisson 10 which is stationary.

According to the caisson of the present invention, it is very easy to stand two adjacent caissons.

According to the caisson of the present invention, a gap between the two caissons does not occur, so an additional joint filming process is not required.

According to the caisson of the present invention, there is no limitation on the standard of the filling material to be filled in the open cell.

According to the caisson of the present invention, interlocking between two adjacent caissons is possible without a complicated mounting process.

In addition to the above-described effects, specific effects of the present invention will be described together while describing specific details for carrying out the present invention.

1 is a first perspective view of a first embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention.
2 is a second perspective view of the first embodiment.
3 is a front view of the first embodiment.
4 is a plan view of the first embodiment.
5 is a bottom view of the first embodiment.
6 is a first side view of the first embodiment.
7 is a second side view of the first embodiment.
8 is a perspective view showing a mounting process of the caisson according to the first embodiment.
9 is a front view of FIG. 8.
10 is a perspective view showing a state in which the caisson of the first embodiment is mounted.
11 is a first perspective view of a second embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.
12 is a second perspective view of the second embodiment.
13 is a front view of the second embodiment.
14 is a plan view of the second embodiment.
15 is a bottom view of the second embodiment.
16 is a first side view of the second embodiment.
17 is a second side view of the second embodiment.
18 is a front view showing the mounting process of the caisson according to the second embodiment.
19 is a view of FIG. 18 as viewed obliquely from the first side.
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of a state in which the caisson of the second embodiment is mounted.
21 is a first perspective view of a third embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.
22 is a second perspective view of the third embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and various modifications may be made and may be implemented in various different forms. However, this embodiment is provided to complete the disclosure of the present invention and to fully inform a person of ordinary skill in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, and all changes and equivalents included in the technical spirit and scope of the present invention as well as substituting or adding to each other the configuration of any one embodiment and the configuration of another embodiment. To include substitutes.

The accompanying drawings are only for making it easier to understand the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical idea disclosed in the present specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes and equivalents included in the spirit and scope of the present invention It should be understood to include water or substitutes. In the drawings, components may be exaggeratedly large or small in size or thickness in consideration of convenience of understanding, and thus, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limitedly interpreted.

The terms used in the present specification are only used to describe specific embodiments or examples, and are not intended to limit the present invention. And singular expressions include plural expressions, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the specification, terms such as to include, to consist of, etc. are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification. In other words, in the specification, terms such as to include, to consist of. It is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Terms including ordinal numbers, such as first and second, may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by the terms. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but other components may exist in the middle. Should be. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there is no other component in the middle.

When a component is referred to as being "above" or "below" another component, it should be understood that other components may exist in the middle as well as those disposed directly above the other component. .

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms as defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted as an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in this application. Does not.

[First embodiment]

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a caisson according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

The caisson 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a front surface 11, a rear surface 12, an upper surface 13, a bottom surface 14, a first side surface 15 and a second side surface 16. The front surface 11 and the rear surface 12 may be perpendicular to the sea floor, and the upper surface 13 and the bottom surface 14 may be parallel to the sea floor.

A cell 17 opened upward is provided on the upper surface 13 of the caisson 10. The cell 17 may be a closed cell with a closed lower portion thereof, and may be partially or entirely open.

The cell 17 is surrounded by a wall having a predetermined thickness, and may be filled with a filling material after mounting. The filling material may be a sandstone having a predetermined standard.

The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 faces the second side surface 16 of the neighboring caisson 10. The first side surface 15 includes a first side guide inclined surface 21 and a first front and rear guide inclined surface 22. According to the first embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 form the same surface. The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be flat.

The second side surface 16 includes a second side guide inclined surface 22 and a second front and rear guide inclined surface 32. According to the first embodiment, the second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form the same surface. The second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be flat.

Of course, the present invention excludes that the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22, and the first before and after guide inclined surface 22 and the second before and after guide inclined surface 32 form a curved surface. no.

The first lateral guide inclined surface 21 has a first normal (A) facing a first side, and the second lateral guide inclined surface 22 has a second normal (B) facing a second side. Referring to FIG. 3, the first normal line A increases upward toward the first side. An angle formed by the first side guide inclined surface 21 with the vertical line may be within a range of 1 to 5 degrees. That is, the first normal A may be upward within a range of 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The second normal (B) goes downward toward the second side. An angle formed by the second side guide inclined surface 22 with the vertical line may be within a range of -1 degrees to -5 degrees. That is, the first normal (A) may go downward within a range of 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may become thicker toward the bottom. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost end of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts. Further, the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may become thicker as it goes upward. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost end of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 settled from the top of the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the caisson 10 which is stationary is in contact , The second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10, which is settling against the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the caisson 10, which is stationary, slides to the side of the caisson 10 to settle. The alignment of is guided.

The first before and after guide inclined surface 22 has a first normal (A) facing the first side, and the second before and after guide inclined surface 32 has a second normal (B) facing toward the second side. A pair of the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15, and a pair of the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side surface 16. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the first normal lines A of the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may face a direction that is further away from each other toward the first side. The pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 may have a shape that is symmetrical to each other in the front and rear. An angle formed by the pair of first lateral guide inclined surfaces 21 may be in a range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees. That is, the pair of first normals A may form an angle within a range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees to each other. The second normal (B) of the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 may face a direction closer to each other toward the second side. The pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may have a shape symmetrical to each other in front and rear. The angle formed by the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be within a range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees. That is, the pair of second normals B may form an angle within a range of 2 degrees to 30 degrees to each other.

Accordingly, the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may become thicker from both front and rear ends toward the center. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the front and rear ends of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts. In addition, the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may become thinner as it goes from both front and rear ends to the center. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the middle portion of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may correspond to the thickness of the wall of the other portion.

The first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 10, when the second front and rear guide slopes 32 of the caisson 10 settled from the top of the first front and rear guide slopes 22 of the caisson 10 stationary are in contact , The second front and rear guide slopes 32 of the caisson 10, which have settled against the first front and rear guide slopes 22 of the caisson 10, which are stationary, slide and move forward and backward of the caisson 10 to settle. Alignment to is guided.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 10, even if the wave force intensively acts on any one of the caissons due to the inclination of the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32, such force is applied to the first front and rear guide Since the inclined surface 22 and the second front-rear guide inclined surface 32 are transmitted to the neighboring caisson through the inclined surfaces in contact with each other, interlocking is reliably achieved.

An open cell 18 opened to the second side may be provided on the second side surface 16. The open cell 18 does not have a function of filling a joint for shielding a gap between the caisson and the caisson in the related art, but functions similarly to the cell 17. The lower part of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 10, after the caissons 10 are stationary, the open cell 18 may be filled with sandstones having a predetermined standard. Therefore, even if a large wave force is transmitted to any one of the caissons in the front-rear direction, interlocking is possible due to the engagement between the sandstone of the open cell 18 and the first front-rear guide slope 22.

In the above first embodiment, the first lateral guide slope 21 and the second lateral guide slope 31, and the first front and rear guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 are all vertically and horizontally The structure formed in the section is illustrated. However, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on this technical idea, the first lateral guide slope (21) and the second lateral guide slope (31), and the first before and after guide slope (22) and the second before and after guide slope (32) Of course, it can be transformed into a structure formed in some sections in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In the first embodiment, a structure in which the open cell 18 is formed on the second side 16 is shown. However, it goes without saying that an open cell may be provided on the first side 15 instead of the second side 16.

[Second Example]

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 20, and descriptions of the same matters as those of the first embodiment may be omitted.

The first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 includes a first side guide inclined surface 21 and a first front and rear guide inclined surface 22. According to the second embodiment, the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 form separate surfaces. Each of the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 may be flat.

The second side surface 16 includes a second side guide inclined surface 22 and a second front and rear guide inclined surface 32. According to the second embodiment, the second side guide slope 22 and the second front and rear guide slope 32 form separate surfaces. The second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 may be flat, respectively.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 has a third normal line A1 facing the first side, and the second side guide inclined surface 22 has a fourth normal line B1 facing the second side. Referring to FIG. 13, the third normal line A1 goes upward toward the first side. An angle formed by the first side guide inclined surface 21 with the vertical line may be within a range of 1 to 5 degrees. That is, the third normal line A1 may rise within a range of 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane. The fourth normal B1 goes downward toward the second side. An angle formed by the second side guide inclined surface 22 with the vertical line may be within a range of -1 degrees to -5 degrees. That is, the fourth normal B1 may go downward within a range of 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may become thicker toward the bottom. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the uppermost end of the wall constituting the first side surface 15 may correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts. Further, the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may become thicker as it goes upward. In order to secure the strength of the wall, the thickness of the lowermost end of the wall constituting the second side surface 16 may be made to correspond to the thickness of the wall at other parts.

The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 9, when the second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10 settled from the top of the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the caisson 10 which is stationary is in contact , The second side guide inclined surface 22 of the caisson 10, which is settling against the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the caisson 10, which is stationary, slides to the side of the caisson 10 to settle. The alignment of is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14, when viewed in the vertical direction, the third normal line A1 may be parallel to the lateral direction. In addition, referring to FIG. 15, the fourth normal line B1 may be parallel to the lateral direction when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the third normal line A1 and the fourth normal line B1 are oblique in the vertical direction as shown in Fig. 13, but are not obliquely in the front and rear direction as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, but are parallel to the side. . Therefore, in a state in which the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 are in contact with each other, a relative slide in the front-rear direction is possible. This allows alignment of the caissons 10 in the front and rear directions by the first front and rear guide slopes 22 and the second front and rear guide slopes 32 to be described later.

A pair of the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be provided on the first side surface 15, and a pair of the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be provided on the second side. Referring to FIG. 16, the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 have a fifth normal A2 that faces forward and backward, respectively. Referring to FIG. 17, the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 each has a sixth normal line B2 that faces rearward and faces forward.

Referring to FIG. 16, the fifth normal line A2 of the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may face a direction that is further away from each other in the front-rear direction. That is, the pair of first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 may be in a shape that is facing each other, that is, they face each other. The pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 may have a shape that is symmetrical to each other in the front and rear. An angle formed by the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 with the vertical line may be within a range of 1 to 5 degrees. That is, the fifth normal A2 may be upward within a range of 1 to 5 degrees based on the horizontal plane.

Referring to FIG. 17, the sixth normal line B2 of the pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may face a direction closer to each other in the front-rear direction. That is, the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 may be in a shape facing each other. The pair of second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may have a shape symmetrical to each other in front and rear. An angle formed by the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 with the vertical line may be within a range of -1 degrees to -5 degrees. That is, the sixth normal line B2 may go downward within a range of 1 to 5 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane.

Accordingly, a trapezoidal protrusion having a narrower shape may be provided in the central portion of the wall constituting the first side surface 15. Similarly, a trapezoidal groove having a narrower shape may be provided in the central portion of the wall constituting the second side surface 16.

The first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 may be inclined at an angle corresponding to each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 19, when the second front and rear guide slopes 32 of the caisson 10 settled from the top of the first front and rear guide slopes 22 of the caisson 10 stationary are in contact , The second front and rear guide slopes 32 of the caisson 10, which have settled against the first front and rear guide slopes 22 of the caisson 10, which are stationary, slide and move forward and backward of the caisson 10 to settle. Alignment to is guided.

Referring to FIG. 14, the fifth normal A2 may be parallel to the front-rear direction when viewed in the vertical direction. In addition, referring to FIG. 15, the sixth normal line B2 may be parallel to the front-rear direction when viewed in the vertical direction. That is, the fifth normal line A2 and the sixth normal line B2 are oblique in the vertical direction as shown in Figs. 16 and 17, but not in the front and rear direction as shown in Figs. 14 and 15. Side by side Accordingly, in a state in which the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 are in contact with each other, a relative slide in the lateral direction is possible. This allows the lateral alignment between the caissons 10 by the above-described first side guide inclined surface 21 and second side guide inclined surface 22.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 20, even if the wave force intensively acts on any one of the caissons due to the inclination of the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32, such force is applied to the first front and rear guide Since the inclined surface 22 and the second front-rear guide inclined surface 32 are transmitted to the neighboring caisson through the inclined surfaces in contact with each other, interlocking is reliably achieved.

An open cell 18 opened to the second side may be provided on the second side surface 16. The open cell 18 does not have a function of filling a joint for shielding a gap between the caisson and the caisson in the related art, but functions similarly to the cell 17. The lower part of the open cell 18 may be blocked, partially blocked, or open. As shown in FIG. 20, after the caissons 10 are fixedly placed, the open cell 18 may be filled with a sandstone having a predetermined standard.

In the above second embodiment, the first lateral guide inclined surface 21 and the second lateral guide inclined surface 31, and the first before and after guide inclined surfaces 22 and the second before and after guide inclined surfaces 32 are all vertically and horizontally The structure formed in the section is illustrated. However, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on this technical idea, the first lateral guide slope (21) and the second lateral guide slope (31), and the first before and after guide slope (22) and the second before and after guide slope (32) Of course, it can be transformed into a structure formed in some sections in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In the second embodiment, a structure in which the open cell 18 is formed on the second side 16 is shown. However, it goes without saying that an open cell may be provided on the first side 15 instead of the second side 16.

[Third Example]

Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the caisson 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 and 22. In contrast to the second embodiment, the caisson 10 of the third embodiment has a first side guide slope on the first side 15 of the caisson 10 in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped made of cells 17 without an open cell 18. 21 and a first front and rear guide slope 22 are provided, and a second side guide slope 22 and a second front and rear guide slope 32 are provided on the second side 16. The shape of the inclined surfaces is no different from that of the second embodiment.

[Construction method]

The construction method of the caisson 10 described above is as follows.

First, a caisson yard is selected on the nearby land that is accessible to the offshore site, and land works are carried out. Onshore construction is performed in the order of floor stop work, rebar assembly, formwork assembly, and concrete placement, and the caisson is manufactured and completed on the yard.

Next, the caisson is moved to sea and housed. For the movement of the caisson, for example, a method of forming a lift on the caisson and moving it by fastening it to a hook of a marine crane may be applied, and in addition to this, various commonly known methods may be applied.

Then, the foundation stone is dropped and laid on the offshore work site to form a mound, and the top surface is leveled. The standard of the foundation stone installed to install the mound can be based on the standard specifications, and these standards are currently domestic standard 0.015 ~ 0.03 m ³ /EA.

After the basic selection is completed, the temporary caisson is supported and towed to the sea site.

Next, the water is poured into the inside of the caisson towed on the sea site, and the caisson 10 is settled and stationary on the mound. At this time, the water sedimentation rate can be maintained around 10cm per minute. When the caisson (10) closes to about 50cm on the mound surface of the seabed, stop watering for the caisson, confirm and correct the position where the caisson will be finally installed, and quickly inject the caisson into the caisson to set the foundation on the floor. Let it.

Then, adjacent to the first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 that is already stationary, the second side surface 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted is in contact with each other, and the mounting operation is performed. At this time, the second side guide inclined surface 22 of the second side 16 of the caisson 10 to be mounted is close to the first side guide inclined surface 21 of the first side 15 of the caisson 10 to be mounted. In the state that the caisson 10 to be mounted is approached until it is positioned, water is poured into the caisson 10 to settle. Then, as the sedimentation proceeds, the second side guide inclined surface 22 comes into contact with the first side guide inclined surface 21. The sedimentation rate is only about 10 cm per minute, so there is little impact when the first two sides touch. If the caisson 10 continues to settle after the two surfaces come into contact, the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 22 in a planar shape with an inclination angle of 85 degrees to 89 degrees, the load applied to each other is almost Relatively slide in contact with each other without. The second lateral guide inclined surface 22 slides down along the first lateral guide inclined surface 21, and the caisson 10 to settle accordingly moves in a direction away from the already stationary caisson 10 Orientation position is precisely aligned.

At least one of the first side guide inclined surface 21 and the second side guide inclined surface 31 may be provided with a buffer member (guide member) on the surface. As an example, the buffer member may be a tire. As another example, the buffer member may be a roller or a ball. The roller and the ball are rotatably installed on one of the first side 15 and the second side 16 and may be elastically supported by a spring toward the other side facing each other. The roller and the ball may roll in contact with the other surface and rotate. Then, when the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 first contact each other, the impact is relieved by the elasticity of the spring, and the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and the second side surface 15 and 2 It is possible to reduce the coefficient of friction of the side surface 16 and guide the smooth descending of the second side surface 16. Since the wall constituting the first side surface 15 has a thick lower portion and the wall constituting the second side surface has a thick upper portion, the buffer member is installed on the lower side of the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 Can be installed on the top side. The buffer member may be installed in a form in which a part thereof is buried in the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16. The buffer member may be installed on the bottom member when the open cell 18 has a bottom.

As the caisson 10 subsides, in the caisson 10 of the second and third embodiments, the second front and rear guide inclined surfaces 32 of the second side surface 16 of the caisson 10 to settle down, It meets with the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 of the first side surface 15 of the caisson 10 which is stationary, and accordingly, the caisson 10 is accurately aligned in the front-rear direction and descends. In the caisson 10 of the first embodiment, since the lateral guide inclined surface and the front and rear guide inclined surfaces form the same surface, the front and rear guide inclined surfaces are also in contact at the step of bringing the lateral guide inclined surface into contact with each other. The position is correctly aligned and descends.

When the stationary position of the caisson 10 to settle in this way is completed, alignment is guided by the guidance of the first side 15 and the second side 16 during the settling process, so the two caissons are in close contact within 10 cm. , It can be mutually mounted so that it has only a gap of only 1~2cm, or almost no gap. Therefore, construction for water barrier of the caisson gap may be omitted, and even if a filler of a smaller standard is filled in the open cell 18, leakage through the gap between the caissons can be minimized or prevented.

Next, the filling material is filled in the cell 17 and the open cell 18 of the caisson 10. The larger the specific gravity than seawater, the more preferable the filling material. As the filling material to be filled in the cell 17, natural sandstone may be used, or sandstone including slag generated from steel smelting, and bottom ash generated from a thermal power plant may be used.

It is preferable that the sandstones filled in the open cell 18 are closely interfered with each other so as to resist displacement of the two adjacent caissons in different directions in the front-rear direction. For this purpose, a compaction process may be performed on the filling material filled in the open cell 18.

As in the first and second embodiments, the interlocking structure by the filler filled in the open cell 18, when a larger external force is applied to a specific caisson and a load is applied to the interlocking part, the load is concentrated by the filler. As the load is not concentrated in a specific area and acts as a positive distributed load, the possibility of caisson breakage can be reduced.

Subsequently, the rear fill material is installed on the rear side of the caisson 10, and a top block (not shown) is installed to complete the construction of the caisson structure. That is, after filling the stationary caisson 10 with the filling material, a top block can be installed on the top of the caisson, and the back filling material can be filled with a sandstone according to the construction purpose of the caisson.

Meanwhile, according to the present invention, since the first side surface 15 and the second side surface 16 of the two adjacent caissons 10 are closely connected, the filling material of the open cell 18 is a gap between the two caissons 10 And does not leak. Therefore, the standard of the filling material to be filled in the open cell 18 is not limited due to leakage prevention.

According to the present invention, it is very easy to place the two caissons adjacent to each other, and there is no gap between the two caissons, so there is no need for an additional joint film process, and there is no limitation on the specification of the filling material to be filled in the open cell 18, Interlocking is possible.

It is obvious that the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and drawings disclosed in the present specification, and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. In addition, even if not explicitly described and described the effects of the configuration of the present invention while describing the embodiments of the present invention, it is natural that the predictable effects of the configuration should also be recognized.

10: caisson
11: front
12: rear
13: top surface
14: bottom
15: first side
16: second side
17: cell
18: open cell
21: first side guide slope
22: 1st before and after guide slope
A: 1st normal
A1: 3rd normal
A2: 5th normal
31: 2nd side guide slope
32: 2nd before and after guide slope
B: second normal
B1: 4th normal
B2: 6th normal

Claims (16)

A caisson (10) having a front (11), a rear (12), a first side (15) connecting one end of the front and rear, and a second side (16) connecting the other end of the front and rear As,
The first side (15),
A first side guide inclined surface 21 facing the first side and having a 1-1 normal line upward from the horizontal plane; And
Including; a pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 having a pair of 1-2 normals that are separated from each other in the front and rear direction,
The second side (16),
A vertical section that faces the second side and has a 2-1 normal in a direction downward than the horizontal plane, has a shape complementary to the first lateral guide slope surface 21, and corresponds to the first lateral guide slope surface 21 A second side guide inclined surface 22 provided in the; And
It has a pair of 2-2 normals that are close to each other in the front and rear direction, has a shape complementary to the first front and rear guide slopes 22, and is provided in a vertical section corresponding to the first front and rear guide slopes 22 A caisson comprising: a pair of second front and rear guide slopes (32).
The method according to claim 1,
The first lateral guide slope (21), the first front and rear guide slope (22), the second lateral guide slope (22) and the second front and rear guide slope (32) are flat.
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surfaces 22 are provided as a whole in the vertical direction from the first side surface 15,
The second lateral guide inclined surface (22) and the second front and rear guide inclined surface (32) is a caisson, characterized in that it is provided entirely in the vertical direction from the second side (16).
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form the same surface,
The caisson, characterized in that the second side guide inclined surface 22 and the second front and rear guide inclined surface 32 form the same surface.
The method according to claim 1,
The 1-1 normal and 1-2 normal are the same first normal (A),
The caisson, characterized in that the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are the same second normal (B).
The method according to claim 1,
The first side guide inclined surface 21 and the first front and rear guide inclined surface 22 form separate surfaces,
The caisson, characterized in that the second side guide inclined surface (22) and the second front and rear guide inclined surface (32) form separate surfaces.
The method according to claim 1,
The 1-1 normal and the 1-2 normal are respectively different third normal (A1) and fifth normal (A2),
The caisson, characterized in that the 2-1 normal and the 2-2 normal are respectively different fourth normal (B1) and sixth normal (B2).
The method according to claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first side guide inclined surface 21 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
The caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second side guide inclined surface 22 is in the range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
The angle between the pair of first front and rear guide slopes 22 is in the range of 182 degrees to 210 degrees,
A caisson, characterized in that the angle between the pair of second front and rear guide slopes 32 is within a range of 150 degrees to 178 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
The inclination angle of the first front and rear guide slope 22 is in the range of 85 degrees to 89 degrees,
The caisson, characterized in that the inclination angle of the second front and rear guide slope 32 is in a range of 91 degrees to 95 degrees.
The method according to claim 1,
A caisson, characterized in that at least one of the first side (15) and the second side (16) is provided with an open cell (18) open to the side.
The method according to claim 1,
At least one of the first side (15) and the second side (16) absorbs the impact generated when the first side (15) and the second side (16) come into contact, and the second side ( 16) A caisson, characterized in that it is provided with a buffer member for guiding the slide movement with respect to the first side (15).
As a structure construction method using the caisson of any one of claims 1 to 12, the caisson structure construction method,
The first step of manufacturing the caisson 10 on the ground;
A second step of moving the manufactured caisson 10 by sea and towing it to the top of the mound; And
A method for constructing a caisson structure comprising: a third step of submerging the caisson (10) by pouring water into the caisson (10) to settle it.
The method of claim 13,
The third step,
3-1 step of aligning the position so that the second side 16 of the towed caisson 10 is disposed close to the first side 15 of another caisson 10 that is already stationary on the mound;
3-2 step of pouring water into the aligned caisson 10 to settle the caisson 10 so that the first side 15 and the second side 16 contact each other; And
3-3 step of completing the settling operation by pouring water while the second side 16 of the caisson 10 is in contact with the first side 15 of the caisson 10 which is stationary. A caisson structure construction method characterized by.
The method of claim 13,
A caisson structure construction method further comprising the step of filling the cell 17 of the stationary caisson 10 and installing a top block.
The method of claim 13,
A caisson structure construction method further comprising the step of installing a back filling material on the rear side of the caisson 10 that is stationary.

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