KR101727510B1 - Open Cell Caisson Structure and a Construction Method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a caisson structure and a construction method for the same. The caisson structure reduces manufacturing costs by reducing the number of walls in comparison with an existing individual caisson structure but there is no difference in a construction method, by newly applying an idea of an open cell and an inter cell to the caisson. The caisson structure also has flexibility enabling an each caisson to individually correspond to differential settlement of the ground while interlocking the adjacent caisson by using flexible ripraps. According to the present invention, the caisson structure is mounted on the upper part of a mound formed on the sea bottom by foundation ripraps. The caisson used for the structure includes: a closed cell (12) having an open upper part, wherein a side is limited by the wall (11); and the open cell (13) formed on the side of the caisson, wherein the front surface, the rear surface, and the inner surface are blocked and the upper part, the lower part, and the outer side part are open. The multiple caissons (10) are installed in a row in the upper part of the mound in order for the open cell (13) to face each other, and a filling material (30) fills the each cell (12). The ripraps with the size corresponding to the ripraps of the mound are filled in a space of the inter cell (22) formed by the two open cells (13) in which the opening unit faces each other. The ripraps in the inter cell (22) maintains a flexible state and are connected to the mound. Also, the ripraps interlock the two caisson adjacent.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to an open cell caisson structure,

The present invention relates to a caisson structure and a construction method. More specifically, the present invention introduces the concept of an open cell and an intercell into a caisson, thereby reducing the number of walls and reducing a manufacturing cost compared to a conventional individual caisson structure. The present invention relates to a caisson structure and a method of constructing such a caisson structure. The caisson structure is interlocked with a flexible stone and has a flexibility in which each caisson can individually cope with a differential settlement of the ground.

Generally, a caisson is a structure that is essential for port construction. For example, it is applied to important facilities of port such as gravity type wall, breakwater.

In recent years, the sea level has been rising due to global warming. As a result, it is expected that invasion of abnormal waves with a wave height higher than design wave is expected. In the case of breakwaters, the size of the breakwaters is increasing due to the increase in the design wave height. However, in reality, it is the reality that the waves of design waves of 50 years or more are not invaded when they are invaded. In case of gravity type walls, .

Therefore, there is an urgent need for measures to actively cope with changes in port logistics conditions, such as increase in design wave and enlargement of vessels due to climate change.

In the case of a breakwater, the caisson must withstand the horizontal force of the wave with its own weight. However, blue is not always constant, and the horizontal force of blue is often concentrated on one of the caissons. However, if the caisson is designed by assuming that the horizontal force is concentrated, the weight of the caisson can not be increased, which leads to an increase in cost and deterioration of the workability. For example, the larger the caisson's load, the greater the cost of the material, as well as the weight of the heavy equipment such as the crane that can handle it.

Conventionally, there is proposed a method of lowering the required load of a caisson by interlocking neighboring caissons to level the horizontal force of a wave acting on the caisson. This is the case, for example, by putting an existing concrete block between two neighboring caissons.

However, it is very troublesome to carry concrete blocks to be inserted between the two caissons and to put them in a large quantity. In addition, since the concrete block acts as a rigid body, even if one caisson in which the horizontal force of the actual wave is concentrated is pushed backward and supported by the interlocked two-side caissons, The caisson can not support interlocking and is very likely to be destroyed. In addition, since the concrete block is rigid, it is necessary to precisely align the two adjacent caissons in order to provide a space for fitting the concrete block.

In addition, a caisson construction method is disclosed in which an interlocking section in which reinforcing bars are woven between neighboring two caissons is formed, the space is isolated from seawater, and concrete is laid so that two neighboring caissons are integrally joined at a point where they meet. There is a bar. However, this construction method is not only difficult to construct itself, but also because the caissons are completely integrated by the concrete placed in the space where the two caissons meet after the construction, when the subsidence settlement of the ground occurs, It is very likely that the stress generated due to the failure of the caisson of the ultra-heavy load to concentrate on a specific site and cause the caisson to be destroyed.

On the other hand, after the caisson is fixed to the seabed, the caisson can not exert the design load until the filler is filled in the caisson, which is vulnerable to blue. If unexpected waves occur before such filling of the caisson is completed, the caisson is pushed by the waves and drifts away. Therefore, it is required to prevent the caisson from being pushed by the waves during construction.

In addition, although the mound provided below the interlocking caisson structures disclosed in the prior art functions solely to support the caisson structure below, the interlocking effect may be greater if such a mound can also contribute to the interlocking structure of the caisson .

Patent Registration No. 1096094 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2847694 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-28981

The present invention has been devised to solve the problems described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a cabin that can reduce the number of walls and constitute a thinner wall by omitting walls at both ends of the caisson, The intercells formed by the open cells formed on opposite sides of the caisson face each other and filled with filler material in the form of stalactite to flexibly interlock the neighboring caissons to prevent breakage of the interlocking site in spite of uneven settlement of the wave or the ground It is another object of the present invention to provide an open cell caisson structure and a construction method capable of ensuring the stability of a port structure even during construction by interlocking neighboring caissons not only after construction but also during construction.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an open cell caisson structure and a construction method capable of further enhancing the interlocking effect by contributing to the interlocking structure between caissons and the mound provided on the sea floor.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a caisson structure mounted on an upper part of a mound formed on a seabed by a foundation stone, wherein the caisson used in the structure is: open upward, A plurality of said caissons (10) arranged on the side of said caisson, said open cells (13) being open on the outer side, said open cells (13) Are filled in the space of the intercell 22 formed by the two open cells 13 facing each other with the filler 30 filled in each cell 12, So that the stones inside the intercell 22 interlock the two neighboring caissons.

On the inner side surface defining the open cell 13, a shear key 18 for dispersing load and generating frictional force can be formed when the open cell region is flexibly filled with stones.

The front and rear surfaces of the intercells 22 of adjacent caissons can further be provided with an overlock member 24 for shielding the gap between the two caissons so as to prevent the escape of stones through the gap.

The overlock member 24 may be a flexible rubber or rigid body type panel.

The closed cells 12 may be disposed at least at the front and rear sides of the front surface of the open cell 13.

Upper concrete may be installed on the upper part of the caisson.

A backfighting stone can be installed behind the caisson.

The open side of the open cell 13, the front side and the rear side may be closed, and the upper side, the lower side and the outside side may be open.

The lower portion of the open cell 13 may be partially or wholly open.

The stones inside the intercell 22 can be kept in a state of being continuously flexible.

The stones that are filled in the space of the intercell 22 may be of a size corresponding to the stones of the mound.

The stones that are filled in the space of the intercell 22 can be connected to the mound through the open lower portion of the intercell 22. [

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing a caisson structure, comprising: forming a mound by laying a foundation stone on an upper surface of a sea floor; Flattening the top surface of the mound; Forming a plurality of caissons 10 laterally arranged on the upper surface of the mound so that the open cells 13 face each other; And the cell 12 of the fixed caisson 10 is filled with filler material and the intercell 22 is filled with stones of the standard corresponding to the foundation stone so that the stones inside the intercell 22 are molten, Thereby maintaining a flexible state in a state of being connected to the caisson.

Before the caisson (10) is fixed and then filled in the intercell (22), an overlock member (24) is provided on the front and rear surfaces, respectively, so as to shield the gap between the front surface and the rear surface of the adjacent intercell Can be installed.

The step of filling the cell 12 and the intercell 22 with the filler material and the siliceous material may include a first step of partially filling the cell 12 with the filler material, A second step of filling the intercell 22 in the stones after the first step; And a third step of filling the cell 12 with the filler material after the second step.

And filling the cell 12 and the intercell 22 with a filler and installing a settling block.

And filling the cell 12 and the intercell 22 with a filler and installing a backfill slag.

According to the method of constructing a caisson according to the present invention, one sidewall can be reduced for each caisson as compared with a case where a general caisson is applied, so that it is possible to save a material cost considerably, Maintenance is also easy.

According to the present invention, the maximum load acting on the port structure is dispersed due to the interlocking effect between adjacent caissons, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure, and the interlocking portion is filled with the filler material of the flexible stony- Structural safety is higher than conventional interlocking caissons.

Further, according to the present invention, since the interlocking portion is filled with the flexible filler material, even when the ground is unevenly settled, the caisson which is placed on the grounded floor can flexibly and independently move relative to the neighboring caisson, So that the caisson can be protected.

In addition, according to the present invention, even when the caisson construction process is weak, it is possible to smooth the maximum horizontal force of the wave caused by the interlocking to increase the resistance to the horizontal force.

Further, the weight reduction of the caisson according to the construction method of the present invention is directly linked to the economical efficiency and ease of installation.

Further, the present invention does not require underwater work or additional equipment for interlocking, making construction easier and more economical.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to enhance the stability of the seawall breakwater, greatly reduce the maintenance-related budget, and design and utilize a new concept of harbor structure capable of coping with climate change.

Further, according to the present invention, the interlocking structure of the caisson can be formed integrally with the mound while being flexible, thereby further enhancing the interlocking effect of the caisson.

Further, according to the present invention, since interlocking is made flexible, there is a strong point that the caisson structure can be disassembled without any difference from the caisson structure which is not interlocked when the caisson is disassembled.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

1 is a perspective view of a conventional caisson,
2 is a perspective view of a caisson according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the caisson of FIG. 2,
FIGS. 4 to 8 are views sequentially illustrating a method of constructing a harbor structure using a caisson according to the present invention;
9 shows a configuration of a configuration for interlocking a caisson structure according to the invention,
FIGS. 10-12 illustrate in sequence other methods of constructing a harbor structure using a caisson in accordance with the present invention;
FIGS. 13 to 15 are diagrams sequentially illustrating yet another method of constructing a harbor structure using a caisson according to the present invention, and FIGS.
16 and 17 are views showing another embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to inform.

[One embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional caisson, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a caisson as one embodiment according to the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a cephalometric view of the caisson of Fig.

The conventional caisson 90 shown in Fig. 1 forms a cell 92 having a width of 4 * 3, and for this purpose, four sidewalls extending in the left and right direction in the drawing are spaced apart from each other, In the drawing, five sidewalls extending in the forward and backward directions are spaced laterally from each other. These conventional caissons 90 are laterally aligned and fixed, and then, the cell 92 is filled with filler material, and then an upper surface block is installed.

2, the caisson according to the present invention has a cell 12 having a width of 3 * 3 and a width of 1/2 * 3 Side walls 22 are provided at both ends and the cells of the same number and the same volume as the conventional caissons 90 as a whole are provided and the side walls extending in the left and right direction in the figure are spaced apart from each other in the forward and backward directions And four sidewalls extending in the forward and backward direction on the left and right in the drawing are spaced side by side. That is, the number of side walls is reduced by one compared to the conventional caisson. As will be described later, when the length of the front and rear members is about 0.5 to 3 m, the length of the two front and rear members facing each other is twice the length of the front and rear members, Intercells can be formed. 16), the length of the cell corresponding to the front and rear members can be set to about 6 m or less, which corresponds to the length of the closed cell 12.

The walls 11 on both side ends of the conventional caisson 90 as shown in Fig. 1 are formed to be relatively thicker than the walls formed in the middle. Because the walls formed in the middle are filled with fillers on both cells 92 with respect to the wall, the load applied to both sides of the wall is the same, but the walls of both sides of the caisson are filled with filler on one side, Because it is in contact with seawater, the load applied to both sides of the wall is different. Therefore, it can be seen that the wall 11 at both ends is formed to be relatively thicker than the wall formed at the center in the case of the conventional caisson.

However, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to make the walls 11 at both ends of the caisson 10 thicker than the walls formed in the middle. In other words, according to the present invention, since both ends of the caisson wall are filled with the filling material in the cell 12 on one side and the filling material in the intercell 22 on the other side, the load applied to both sides of the wall is substantially It should be noted that this is the same. Therefore, according to the features of the present invention, not only is the sidewall further reduced in comparison with the prior art, but also the thickness of the sidewalls formed on both sides can be made relatively thinner than the conventional one, thereby saving the material as a whole The cost of making caissons can be significantly reduced.

Of course, the construction itself is also much simpler than the conventional interlocking structure, so that it is also clear that the construction cost can be greatly reduced while implementing the interlocking structure. In addition, if the load of the caisson itself can be reduced, the overall construction cost is saved.

The structure of one embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention will be described in more detail. The caisson 10, which is a unit structure, has a cell 12 formed in a hollow portion as shown in the figure. Each cell 12 is defined by its walls 11 in volume. The bottom of the caisson is clogged so that when the cell 12 is filled with the filler material, the filler material does not flow down.

Both front and rear ends of the caisson have front and rear surface members 14 protruding in both directions. The front and rear face members 14 are each formed by extending a wall body 11 defining the front and rear faces of the caisson to both sides. The space between the front and rear surface members defined by the front and rear surface members 14 on both sides of the caisson is shaped to open outwardly to the outside, that is, to be opened. In describing the present invention, Quot;

Next, the open cell 13 of the caisson is opened at the top like the other cells 12. This is a natural structure for filling a fillet in the form of a stalactite in the space of the intercell 22 to be described later generated by the open cell 13. [

In addition, the open cell 13 of the caisson of the present invention has a lower open shape. A structure in which a part of the open cell 13 is partially opened according to various factors such as securing the strength of the caisson can be applied as well as the entire lower part of the open cell 13 is opened. The closed cell 12 of the caisson 10 is filled with filler and the lower portion of the closed cell 12 is closed so that the load of the filler filled in the closed cell serves as the caulking force of the caisson. In contrast to this, the open cell 13 of the present invention has a bottom open form. According to such a caisson structure, since the part of the intercell 22 formed by the open cell 13 is formed by removing the member constituting the bottom surface of the caisson, it is possible to save the reinforcing material and the concrete material as much as the corresponding member part . As will be described later, the caisson 10 is installed on a mound provided on the sea floor. When the bottom of the open cell 13 is opened as described above, the inner space of the open cell 13 communicates with the mound.

A plurality of shear keys 18 protruding outwardly from the side of the caisson are further formed between the front and rear side members 14 formed on the front and rear ends of the both sides of the caisson. The front and rear members 14 described above can be seen in the form that the front and rear walls of the caisson 10 are further extended on both sides and the shear keys 18 described above can be seen in the cell 12 of the caisson 10. [ The wall 11 extending in the left-right direction can be seen as being extended to both sides. This means that there is no significant difference in the method of making the caisson of the present invention as compared with the conventional caisson manufacturing method. That is, the caisson of the present invention is not different from the conventional caisson in the manufacturing process as well as the construction method to be described later. Rather, it is said that the material cost is smaller as one side wall formed in the forward and backward direction and the bottom portion of the open cell are reduced as compared with the conventional caisson.

In order to prevent the front and rear members 14 from being damaged by the front-rear direction load acting on the front and rear members 14, the wall 11 at the left and right end portions of the caisson and the inner corner portions of the front and rear member 14 A hammock 15 for reinforcing the front and rear members is formed. Since the front and rear members 14 are mechanically similar to the cantilevers, the walls 15 and the inner corners of the front and rear members 14 and 14, where the stress is expected to concentrate, are formed. The formation of the hunting 15 here has particular significance when compared with the prior art. When two caissons facing each other are integrally made into a reinforced concrete block, as in the conventional techniques (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2847694 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2006-28981), the interlocking portion is integrally formed with the caisson There is no reason to use the hunting 15 as in the present invention. However, when the filler in a flexible stony form is filled in an open cell (strictly, an intercell to be described later) as in the present invention to keep the filler in a flexible state, When the two caissons adjacent to each other receive forces of different magnitudes in the forward and backward direction and the two caissons are to move relative to each other in the anteroposterior direction, the filler material in the form of a stalactite exerts a distributed load on the inner surface of the front and rear surface members 14, In order to prevent breakage of the cantilever-shaped front and rear member 14, the tachy 15 has great engineering significance.

The shear keys 18 may protrude outward by the same length as the front and rear surface members 14 or protrude from the wall at a rate smaller than the protruding length of the front and rear surface members 14 as shown. The shear keys 18 may also be of a shape protruding from the wall 11 in a trapezoidal shape as shown. If the shear keys 18 are not provided on the side surface of the wall body 11 when the two adjacent caissons move relative to each other in the anteroposterior direction due to a load applied from the outside due to a wave or the like, So that there is a possibility that a high load is applied to the front and rear member 14. However, in the case where the shear key 18 is formed as in the embodiment of the present invention, since the filler material in the form of a stalactite can have frictional force against the side surface of the wall due to the shear key 18, 18 and the front and rear surface members 14, it is possible to distribute the load applied to the front and rear surface members 14 considerably. The load is more advantageously distributed evenly between the shear key 18 and the front and rear face members 14 when the protruding length of the shear key 18 is protruded at a smaller ratio than the protruding length of the front and rear face members 14. [

The front and rear face members 14 and the shear keys 18 described above are constructed in such a manner that the wall of the caisson is elongated and the reinforcing roots disposed in the horizontally extended form are shared with the caisson wall body 11, The reinforcing bars disposed in the elongated form can be shared with the block 40 to be described later. Therefore, the front and rear members 14 and the shear keys 18 are integrally formed with the caisson wall in the horizontal direction and integrally formed with the vertical block 40 in the vertical direction, so that the strength thereof can be sufficiently ensured.

On the other hand, reinforcing portions 19 may be formed on the lower ends of the front and rear surfaces of the caisson. The reinforcing portion may be formed in a shape such that the reinforcing portion protrudes laterally at the lower ends of the front wall and the rear wall.

[Construction method of caisson structure according to the present invention]

Next, a construction method of the caisson according to the present invention will be briefly described.

FIGS. 4 to 8 are views sequentially illustrating a method for constructing a harbor structure using a caisson according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a view showing a configuration for interlocking a caisson structure according to the present invention.

First, a caisson yard is selected on the nearest land accessible to the maritime site of the caisson. The land construction is done in the order of floor stopping work, rebar assembly, form assembly, and concrete pouring, and the caisson is completed on the yard.

Next, move the caisson to sea and mount it. The movement of the caissons may be carried out by, for example, forming a carrier on the caisson and connecting the caisson to the hook of the marine crane to move the caisson. Alternatively, various other commonly known methods may be applied.

Then, the foundation stone is dropped and laid on the marine worksite to form a mound as shown in FIG. 4 and to flatten the upper surface thereof. The standard of the foundation stone to be installed for installing the mound may be based on a standard specification, which is currently 0.015 to 0.03 m ³ / EA on a domestic basis.

After the foundation is completed, the caisson is lifted up and towed to the sea.

Next, the caisson 10 is poured into the inside of the caisson towed to the marine scene, and the caisson 10 is settled on the mound as shown in Fig. At this time, the main sedimentation speed can be kept about 10cm per minute. When the caisson (10) closes to about 50 cm on the mound side of the seabed, stop the caisson for the caisson and finally check the position where the caisson will be installed, . The caisson structure is heavy, and it is not easy for the caisson to be fixed once, because it is influenced by the diary of the work site, the tide, the condition of the foundation, etc. However, .

Next, a caisson is mounted next to the previously fixed caisson, and then a caisson is mounted on the side of the caisson. In order to prevent the caisson and the caisson from being damaged by contact with each other, To prevent breakage when touching the car, remove the tire fender at precise mounting.

When the caissons 10 are laterally aligned and fixed, the intercell 22 is formed by two opposed open cells 13 of two adjacent caissons as shown in Fig. That is, the space defined by the front and rear surface members 14 of the two adjacent caissons and the side surface of the caisson functions as a 'cell'. The intercell 22 means that only two neighboring caissons are aligned before they function as a cell. Since the volume of the intercell 22 is also defined by the front and rear members, the inside of the intercell 22 can be filled with stones. Considering that the spacing error between the two caissons is 10 cm ~ 20 cm on the present standard specification standard, the spacing between the front and rear members of two adjacent caissons can be made to have an interval error of 10 cm to 20 cm.

Next, as shown in Fig. 6, the filler 30 is filled in the closed cell 12 inside the caisson, and the intercell 22 is also filled with the filler. The greater the specific gravity of the filler than the seawater, the better. As the filler, it is possible to use natural stones, slag generated in steel smelting and the like, and stones including bottom ash generated in a thermal power plant. On the other hand, the filling material filling the intercell 22 may be an interlocking slag 32. The interlocking stones are larger than 10 cm to 20 cm, which is the distance between the front and rear surface members of the two caissons, so that they are prevented from flowing out through the gaps in the intercell 22, So that the load can be sufficiently dispersed. On the other hand, even if the filling material 30 filled in the intercell 22 does not have a diameter larger than the gap between the front and rear surface members 14, It is also worthy of note that you can avoid a lot of spills.

It is preferable that the stones filled in the intercell 22 should be intimately interfered with each other unlike the ordinary stones filled in the cell 12 since the two adjacent caissons must resist displacement in the forward and backward directions in different directions. For this purpose, the compaction process can be performed on the filler material 30 in the form of a siltstone to be filled in the intercell 22. [ By filling the filler material 30 filled in the intercell 22, the fillets are tightly interfered with each other. Therefore, even if the diameter of all the fillets is not larger than the gap between the front and back fillets, . However, in consideration of the possibility of breakage of stones in the course of filling or compaction, in order to ensure more stable interlocking, the diameter of all the stones to be filled in the intercell 22 is set to be larger than the gap between the two adjacent front and rear surface members 14 .

Such an interlocking structure, when a larger external force is applied to a specific caisson and a load is applied to the interlocking portion, does not concentrate the load by the stones and acts as a definite distribution load, so that the load is not concentrated at a specific portion, The possibility of breakage can be greatly reduced.

However, in the present invention, since the lower portion of the intercell 22 is entirely or partially opened as described above, the interlocking stone 32 filled in the intercell 22 comes into direct contact with the mound. On the other hand, as already mentioned above, the standard of the stones placed in the mound is larger than the gap between the front and rear surface members of the intercell 22, and the load can be sufficiently dispersed when the interlocking action occurs It is possible to prevent the interlocking stone 32 from flowing out to the outside through the mound, but it is also possible to prevent the interlocking stone 32 from flowing out when the external force is applied It is possible to maximize the coefficient of friction between the interlocking slab 32 and the mound slab (with a coefficient of friction of about 0.8). This also results in the contribution of the mound stone to resistance to interlocking.

As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that when the standard of the interlocking sludge filled in the intercell 22 is 0.015 ~ 0.03 m ³ / EA, the standard stones are not broken but are intertwined with each other and act as an apparent distribution load. In addition, unacceptably, the standard of 0.03 m ³ / EA or more is not larger than 10 cm ~ 20 cm, which is the tolerance for the spacing between caissons. On the other hand, if the filler has a size of 0.05 m ³ / EA or more, cracking of the interlocking sands will start to occur due to the intergranular concentrated load, which may lead to the outflow of the filler. When the interlocking sands are less than 0.001 m ³ / EA, they are not entangled with each other and cause external leakage when the load is given. However, as described above, when the mound rocks and the interlocking rocks are made to correspond to each other (for example, 0.015 to 0.03 m ³ / EA, which is the standard of the foundation rock described above) and interlocking rocks 0.01 to 0.05 m ³ / EA correspond to each other), the interlocking sandstone 32 is prevented from flowing out through the gap between the sandstones laid in the mound as shown in FIG. 9, and the friction coefficient between the mound and the interlocking sandstone Is the best way to maximize That is, the interlocking stone 32 and the mound 60 can both provide resistance to external forces for interlocking while maintaining the portion of the interlocking stone 32 in a flexible state.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7, the backfill material 50 is laid on the rear surface of the caisson, and the ceiling block 40 is installed as shown in FIG. That is, after the filler 30 is filled in the fixed caisson 10, the upper block can be installed on the upper part of the caisson, and the backfill 50 can be filled with the cauldron according to the construction purpose of the caisson.

On the other hand, an overlock member 24 may be used to prevent the stones filled in the intercell 22 from flowing out to the outside. 10 to 12 are diagrams sequentially illustrating other methods for constructing a harbor structure using a caisson according to the present invention.

That is, as shown in Fig. 10, in the state where the caisson is laterally fixed in a side-by-side manner, the creepers 24 are put on the inside of the two adjacent front and rear face members 14 as shown in Fig. 11, It is possible to fill intercell stones 32 with intercell 22 as shown in Fig.

The overlock member 24 may be a flexible rubber or rigid body type panel. When the rubber is applied to the inner surfaces of the adjacent two front and rear surface members 14, a method of fixing the rubber to the front and rear surface members 14 by using an anchor or the like can be utilized.

The rigid panel may also be a concrete base panel. Such a panel can be simply padded without being fixed to the inner surface of the front and rear members. Since the present invention does not cure the concrete in the intercell 22, there is no need to isolate the outer space from the intercell 22 space, and there is no fear that the ready-made block, which is the overlock member, Because. However, as described above, if the standard of the interlocking stone is matched with the standard of the mound, it is possible to prevent the stone from flowing out to the gap between the two caissons, so that it is not necessary to use the overlapped member in duplicate.

In addition, although it is possible to consider a method of preventing the filler from flowing out to the outside of the intercell 22 by filling the rock in a flexible network such as a gabion or geotextile, It is not necessary to use a gabion or geotext style, and it is not necessary to use a gabion stone or a geotext style. Instead, a gabion stone or a geotextile-style gabion stone It is desirable to abolish the method of using a gabion or geotext style in that the geotext style intercepts the close connection between the sandstone filled in the intercell and the mound rock.

13 to 15 are views showing another method of constructing a harbor structure using a caisson according to the present invention in order. It takes a considerable amount of time to arrange a plurality of caissons side by side in a marine structure and to fill all the filler materials therein. Since the weight of the caisson is not as large as that of the original design before the filling material is filled in the caisson, if the unexpected wave acts on one caisson intensively, the caisson will be pushed or floated.

Accordingly, in the present invention, 25 to 50% of the cell 12, which is the inner space of the caisson, is filled and interlocking can be performed immediately between neighboring caissons in a state in which the weight is secured to some extent. Preferably, about 30% of the internal space of the caisson is filled with the filler, and the interlocking operation is performed between the adjacent caissons.

However, this interlocking operation is not limited to this, but is completed by filling the intercell 22 formed by two neighboring caissons with a filler material in the form of stones. Conventional interlocking work requires a lot of time for work such as carrying out under water or moving a huge interlocking member to a marine site, sealing a casting space and discharging seawater and then pouring concrete. , Resulting in a rise in costs. However, the interlocking method of the present invention can be carried out immediately by carrying out the same operation as the operation of filling the cell 12 with the filler material without carrying heavy loads or submerging the worker in the water, thereby saving both cost and time.

When the interlocking operation is completed, even if the blur is concentrated on one of the caissons, the resistance to the caisson increases, so that the caisson is not greatly affected by the caustic operation despite the unstable weather conditions. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to select the time of construction without greatly influencing weather conditions.

The intercell 22 may be filled and interlocking may be performed, and then the individual caisson inner 12 may be filled with the filling material.

In the embodiment of the above-described construction method, the interlocking is performed while filling the filler into the caisson, but the caisson of the present invention is not necessarily constructed in this order. The cells 12 of the individual caissons 10 may be filled with the filling material 30, and then the intercell 22 may be filled with the filling material 30 in the form of stones.

[Other Embodiments of Caisson]

16 and 17 are views showing another embodiment of the caisson according to the present invention.

The caisson shown in Fig. 16 and the caisson in Fig. 2 include not only a simple front and rear member (see Fig. 2) provided at the front and rear of the position where the open cell is arranged to define the open cell 13, It can be seen that the cell 12 can be further formed. This is because not only the weight of the caisson itself can be increased but also the front and rear surfaces of the open cell can be defined in addition to the formation of the one or more cells,

In contrast to FIG. 16, the caisson shown in FIG. 17 is illustrated in FIG. 17 as a caisson in which the bottom member of the cell 12 'located at the center of the closed cells 12 is removed. In this way, the closed type cell 12 'in which the bottom member is removed is placed in a position that is not immediately adjacent to the front, rear, and side faces of the caisson among the closed cells 12 of the caisson, . In addition, a shape in which the side wall 11 of the closed cell 12 is omitted as shown in FIG. 17 (b) may be provided. If the bottom member and sidewalls of some closed cells, which hardly affect the stability of the caisson, are omitted, the production cost of the caisson can be reduced and the weight can be reduced to facilitate the construction.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. It is obvious that a transformation can be made. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the effects of the present invention are not explicitly described and described, but it is needless to say that the effects that can be predicted by the configurations should also be recognized.

10,90: Caisson
11: Wall
12,92: Closed cell
13: open cell
14: Front and rear members
15: The hunting
18: Shakhni
19:
22: Intercell
24:
30: Filler
40:
50: Backfill material
60: mound

Claims (17)

A caisson structure resting on top of a mound formed on a seabed by a foundation stone,
The caisson used in the structure is:
A closed cell 12 which is open upward and whose side is defined by a wall 11,
And an open cell (13) formed on a side surface of the caisson, the outside side of which is open,
A plurality of the caissons 10 are arranged in a row on the upper part of the mound so that the open cells 13 face each other,
Each cell 12 is filled with a filler material 30,
The open space is filled with stones in the space of the intercell 22 formed by the two open cells 13 facing each other so that the stones inside the intercell 22 interlock the two neighboring caissons,
The open side of the open cell 13, the front side and the rear side are closed, the upper side, the lower side and the outside side are opened,
The stones inside the intercell 22 maintain a state of being continuously flexible,
The stones to be filled in the space of the intercell 22 correspond to the stonemicture of the mound,
Wherein the stones being filled in the intercell (22) space are connected to the mound through the open lower portion of the intercell (22).
The method according to claim 1,
And a shear key (18) is formed on the inner side surface defining the open cell (13) for load distribution and frictional force generation when the open cell area is flexibly filled.
The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that at the front and rear surfaces of the intercells (22) of adjacent caissons, an overlock member (24) is provided to prevent the escape of stones through the gaps by shielding the gaps between the two caissons.
The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that at least a part of the closed cell (12) located at the center of the caisson is of the form in which the bottom member is removed.
The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that at least a closed cell (12) is arranged behind the front and back of the front face of the open cell (13).
The method according to claim 1,
And an upper concrete is installed on the upper part of the caisson.
The method according to claim 1,
And a backfighting slab is installed behind the caisson.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that the lower part of the open cell (13) is partially or wholly open.
delete delete delete A method of constructing a caisson structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Forming a mound by laying a foundation stone on an upper surface of the sea floor;
Flattening the top surface of the mound;
Forming a plurality of caissons 10 laterally arranged on the upper surface of the mound so that the open cells 13 face each other; And
The intercell (22) is filled with stones of the standard corresponding to the foundation stone so that the stones inside the intercell (22) are filled with the foundation of the mound So as to remain flexible in connection with the rock.
14. The method of claim 13,
Before the caisson (10) is fixed and then filled in the intercell (22), an overlock member (24) is provided on the front surface and the rear surface, respectively, so as to shield the gap between the front surface and the rear surface of the adjacent intercell Wherein the step of installing the caisson comprises the steps of:
14. The method of claim 13,
The step of filling the closed cell (12) and the intercell (22)
A first step of partially filling the filler material in the closed cell (12);
A second step of filling the intercell 22 in the stones after the first step; And
And a third step of filling the filled cell with the filler material after the second step.
14. The method of claim 13,
Further comprising the step of filling the closed cell (12) and the intercell (22) with a filler and then installing a block.
14. The method of claim 13,
Further comprising the step of filling the closed cell (12) and the intercell (22) with a filler material and then installing a backfill slag.

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