KR20220022598A - Self purification fish tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-purification fish tank, and more particularly, to a self-purification fish tank without a filter and water change. In the self-purification fish tank for breeding freshwater fish according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: water contained in the self-purification fish tank; a flooring material installed on the bottom of the self-purification fish tank and mixed with organic culture soil, black sand, and volcanic gravel; and group of plants installed inside the fish tank and including algae, high-growing plants and optionally floating plants.

Description

Self purification fish tank

The present invention relates to a self-purifying fish tank, and more particularly, to a self-purifying fish tank without a filter and water change.

Unless otherwise indicated herein, the material described in this section is not prior art to the claims of this application, and inclusion in this section is not an admission that it is prior art.

A fish tank or aquarium is a means used for breeding ornamental freshwater fish or saltwater fish indoors or for edible live fish. Generally, after a certain period of time, the water contained in the fish tank or aquarium is excrement and secretions of living organisms in the tank. , moss and various pollutants are accumulated, and nitrates are accumulated and the water deteriorates.

The biochemical principle of water deterioration in the ecosystem in a fish tank is related to the nitrogen cycle (NITROGEN CIRCLE), which is inevitably generated from fish excrement or fish feed.

The nitrogen circulation system in the fish tank oxidizes NH ₃ (ammonia), NH ₄ ⁺ (ammonium ion) from fish excrement, etc. to NO ₂ (nitrous acid) with NITROSOMONAS BACTERIA, and nitrite is oxidized to nitrobacter bacteria (NITROBACTER). BACTERIA) to NO ₃ ⁻ (nitrate ions).

In order to solve the accumulation of toxic ammonia, 1) electric filters and 2) oxygen generators are installed in conventional fish tanks to generate water flow and 3) regular water changes (water changes) are used to manage the water in the tank so that it does not deteriorate. gave.

Conventional electrofilters provide a habitat for aerobic bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitrite-nitrate when ammonia from fish excrement is dissolved in the form of ammonium ions, so it was used to change the form of highly toxic ammonia.

Conventional oxygen generators were used to artificially increase the oxygen content by using a power device because the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) required for fish and microorganisms was insufficient to flow through the water surface.

After ammonia is converted to nitrate through nitrite through a filter, it accumulates in the fish tank water, which still has weak toxicity, so periodic water change (water change) is required as a means to dilute the nitrate. It required a lot of effort and devotion because it was necessary to periodically change the water in consideration of the type and number of fish raised, the type and dosage of feed, the temperature of water, and the appropriate amount of water exchange. Therefore, there is an active discussion on how to autonomously and sustainably maintain the ecosystem in the fish tank without changing the water in the tank for a long period of time, and the following technologies are known in relation to the conventional non-exchange fish tank.

The Walstad Method used horticultural soil and aquatic plants to replace electric filters and oxygen generators and to increase the water exchange cycle. The objective of complete non-return could not be achieved due to the need for regular water exchange. In addition, there were disadvantages in that the variables were large depending on the type of aquatic plants and the amount of dissolved oxygen and the like did not reach the standard value for biological growth.

In the case of the Jurian method, which is being discussed on the website, etc., it is claimed that non-return is possible by using premium micromoss, denitrification material, microbiological community, etc., but it is an arbitrarily named material whose exact composition cannot be confirmed, and the chemical principle of purification was not clearly stated.

It is difficult to compare the Javert method or the Leejun saltwater fish method because it is basically seawater as a standard, and as a result of the freshwater test with this method, there were problems such as not being able to solve the nitrate accumulation after 2 months.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1454792 discloses that the composition of filter media for freshwater fish and saltwater fish tanks, in particular, is suitable for use as a habitat carrier for various bacteria, including anaerobic bacteria, so that the nitrogen cycle cycle of the fish tank can be enabled without changing the water of the tank for a long time. Although it is known about the composition of filter media for fish tanks, it does not solve the problem of maintaining the dissolved oxygen (DO), which is a key factor in maintaining a non-exchanged fish tank for a long time. There was a limitation in composition.

Therefore, there was a need for a technology to provide a non-exchanged fish tank for a long time to maintain the ecosystem in the fish tank with no exchange, effectively eliminate the accumulation of ammonia and nitrate in fresh water, and secure sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO) in the fish tank.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1454792 (Notice on Nov. 7, 2014)

It is intended to provide a long-term non-exchanged fish tank to maintain the ecosystem in the fish tank without exchanging water, to effectively eliminate ammonia and nitrate accumulation in fresh water, and to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO) in the fish tank.

In addition, it is not limited to the technical problems as described above, and it is obvious that another technical problem may be derived from the following description.

In the self-purifying fish tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is installed on the bottom of the self-purifying fish tank, and is installed in the bottom material mixed with organic culture soil, black sand, and volcanic stone gravel, and inside the fish tank, algae, high-growth plants, selectively floating Includes myelinated plants, including myelinated plants.

The flooring material may include organic cultured soil, black sand, volcanic stone gravel, sand, loess, and the like, and preferably may be organic cultured soil, black sand, volcanic stone gravel, but is not limited thereto.

The organic culture soil means a mixed soil made for cultivating vegetables and vegetables, and the organic culture soil may include cocopeat, vermiculite, perlite, zeolite, massato, and humus, but is not limited thereto.

The black sand is heavy, shiny, magnetic fine sand, which is found on the beaches around volcanoes made of placer deposits or small fragments of lava, and is also called black sand.

The volcanic stone gravel means gravel generated from volcanic stone, and has a lot of fine air holes, so it is light and has water-bearing properties and air movement, so it has excellent moisturizing and retention power.

The aquatic plants of the aquatic plant group may be biological aquatic plants or artificial aquatic plants, and the biological aquatic plants may include, for example, algae, aquatic plants, floating plants, etc., but is not limited thereto.

The algae include blue-green algae, brown algae, diatoms, green algae, and the like.

The high-growth aquatic plants are a type of living tank that means plants that can be bundled and grown in a fish tank. The high-growing aquatic plants include, but are not limited to, valisneria, really, cruciferous dryness, hygrophylla, willomos, anubias nana, and the like.

The floating aquatic plants means plants that live on the water surface, and the floating aquatic plants are silver frogfish, cucurata, sylvinia, and Amazon frogbit. Mini-water cabbage, water hyacinth, frog grass, and the like, but are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the flooring material may be composed of 1.7 to 3.5 parts by weight of organic culture soil, 4 to 10 parts by weight of black sand, and 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of volcanic stone gravel with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.

The organic culture soil inhabits various microorganisms that will smoothly perform the nitrogen cycle, and contains nutrients necessary for the growth of aquatic plants, thereby promoting the growth of plants and rapidly consuming nitrates in water. In addition, as the particles are relatively small, a low oxygen space is formed on the bottom surface, which activates the metabolic process of anaerobic microorganisms and efficiently removes nitrates.

When 90L of water is 100 parts by weight, if the organic culture soil is more than 3.5 parts by weight, eutrophication may occur, and there is a possibility of blocking oxygen supply by forming an oil film on the water surface. When the organic culturing soil is less than 1.7 parts by weight, it is difficult to expect anaerobic metabolism because it is difficult to form a low-oxygen space, and the growth of aquatic plants is limited due to lack of nutrients.

The black sand maintains the pH of the water to a neutral suitable for most freshwater fish, and serves as a habitat for aerobic bacteria in a fish tank without a water current. In addition, it not only prevents floating into the water by pressing light organic culture soil, but also serves to hold the roots of aquatic plants.

When 90L of water is 100 parts by weight, if the black sand exceeds 10 parts by weight, it is difficult for the roots of aquatic plants to reach the organic culture soil, making it difficult to establish in the early stage. It can induce anaerobic metabolism. If the amount of black sand is less than 4 parts by weight, the nitrification cycle does not occur smoothly due to a decrease in the habitat of aerobic bacteria, and the organic culture soil floats into the water to increase the water turbidity.

The black sand has a suitable particle size of 3-5 mm. If the particle size of black sand is less than 3mm, it is difficult for organic matter or excrement generated in the fish tank to reach the bottom of the bottom material, and it is difficult to collect the black sand because it floats on the water. If it exceeds 5 mm, the surface area of the black sand layer decreases, reducing the habitat of bacteria.

The volcanic stone gravel contains numerous pores and has high adsorption properties, making it an optimal breeding ground for aerobic microorganisms, Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter. Increasing the reproduction rate of aerobic microorganisms greatly contributes to the rapid nitrification of highly toxic ammonia, which can replace the use of commercially available electrofilters. The size of the volcanic stone gravel may be 2mm ~ 10cm.

When the content of the pyroxene gravel is less than 0.1 parts by weight, it cannot play a role in increasing the growth rate of aerobic microorganisms, and when it exceeds 3 parts by weight, it blocks the light transmitted to the black sand to form an anaerobic space, and sulfur due to absolute anaerobic metabolism is likely to cause

In one embodiment of the present invention, with respect to 100 parts by weight of water, the aquatic plant group may include 1 to 3 parts by weight of algae, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of high-growth plants, and optionally more than 0 and 3 parts by weight or less of floating plants. may include

The algae are one of the indicators used as indicators of water quality in ecological and environmental studies, and there are research results that green algae absorb toxic substances such as nitrate and ammonium among various types of algae. It plays a pivotal role in maintaining a fish tank without changing the water by purifying it. In addition, since there is a large amount of oxygen generated through photosynthesis, it can replace an oxygen generator that causes noise and potential danger, and it can replace a filter by providing a large surface area as a habitat for aerobic bacteria.

When 90L of water is 100 parts by weight, if the amount of algae is more than 3 parts by weight, it is entangled with other aquatic plants, inhibiting the growth of plants or excessively proliferating, thereby damaging the appearance of the fish tank. In addition, the filamentous algae can become a trap for small and small fish to become caught in the algae and from which they cannot escape. When the amount of algae is less than 1 part by weight, the absorption amount may be less than the total amount of ammonia generated in the fish tank.

The high-growth aquatic plants serve to purify water quality by introducing a large amount of dissolved oxygen through photosynthesis and absorbing nitrate and ammonium.

When 90L of water is 100 parts by weight, if the high-growing aquatic plants exceeds 5 parts by weight, the circadian fluctuations of day and night increase, and the pH and hardness of water rapidly change every day, thereby lowering the immunity of the fish. Less than 0.1 parts by weight In this case, the dissolved oxygen supply and nitride absorption are significantly reduced.

The floating aquatic plants not only have a large nitrate absorption effect, but also have a research result that directly absorbs ammonium without going through a nitrification cycle, so it plays a big role in water purification.

When 90L of water is 100 parts by weight, if the number of floating myelinated plants exceeds 3 parts by weight, it blocks light and oxygen input to the water surface to prevent the growth of aerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria growing on the bottom.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the water surface area of the self-purifying fish tank of the present invention may be 60 cm²/L to 200 cm²/L. If the water surface area is less than 60 cm²/L, the required dissolved oxygen amount cannot be maintained without artificial devices due to the lack of atmospheric contact area due to the structure of the fish tank. not suitable for the survival of

In one embodiment of the present invention, a light source is irradiated from the outside into the self-purifying fish tank, and the amount of light irradiated from the light source may be 230 lm (lumen) to 900 lm. If the amount of light is less than 230 lm, the amount of light necessary for the growth of the aquatic group cannot be reached.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is an advantage in that the ecosystem in the fish tank is maintained with no exchange water, the ammonia removal and nitrate accumulation in the fresh water in the fish tank are effectively eliminated, and a sufficient amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the fish tank can be secured.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there is no need to install an oxygen generator and a filter because purification is performed by itself without a conventional filter or water change, so there are advantages in safety and cost.

It should be understood that the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-described effects, and include all effects that can be inferred from the configuration of the invention described in the detailed description or claims of the present invention.

1 is a graph showing the nitrate concentration of Example C-1, Comparative Example C-1, and Comparative Example C-2 over time.

Hereinafter, the configuration, operation, and effect of the self-purifying fish tank according to the preferred embodiment will be described with reference to the contents.

[Example]

1. The composition of the flooring material of the present invention is as shown in Table 1 based on 100 parts by weight of water.

Unit: parts by weight organic culture soil black sand volcanic stone gravel Comparative Example A-1 0 5 2 Comparative Example A-2 1.3 5 2 Example A-1 1.7 5 2 Example A-2 2.5 5 2 Comparative Example A-3 3.6 5 2 Comparative Example A-4 4.5 5 2 Comparative Example A-5 2 2 One Example A-3 2 4 One Example A-4 2 7.5 One Example A-5 2 10 One Comparative Example A-6 2 15 One Comparative Example A-7 2 7.5 0 Example A-6 2 7.5 2 Comparative Example A-8 2 7.5 5

2. The composition of the aquatic plants of the present invention is as shown in Table 2 based on 100 parts by weight of water.

Unit: parts by weight Birds aquatic group injured weeds Comparative Example B-1 0 3 0 Example B-1 2 3 0 Comparative Example B-2 4 3 0 Comparative Example B-3 2 0 0 Example B-2 2 4 0 Comparative Example B-4 2 7 0 Example B-3 2 4 2 Comparative Example B-5 2 4 5

3. Examples and comparative examples including both the flooring material and aquatic plants of the present invention are configured as shown in Table 3 with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.

Unit: parts by weight Example C-1 Comparative Example C-1 Comparative Example C-2 organic culture soil 2 One 4 black sand 7 2 5 volcanic stone gravel One One One Birds 2 One 4 aquatic group 3 One 5 injured weeds One One 3

[Experimental example]

Experimental Example 1. Water quality and fish growth status according to bottom material composition

After filling 90 liters of water in a fish tank measuring 45 cm in width and 45 cm in height and 45 cm in height, a flooring material was constructed according to the composition of Examples and Comparative Examples in Table 4 below, and aquatic plants (Balisneira, Black horse, Najas horse) were planted, and floating aquatic plants (Ku) Kurata, rice porridge) and green algae were added, and then 20 guppies, 10 cherry shrimp, and 10 baegunsan were added. The amount of light was set to (600lm) and the water was not changed at all, only the natural evaporation was supplemented, and the water quality index and the growth status of the fish were checked at each measurement point after 6 months to 1 year and summarized in Tables 4 to 6 below.

Water quality and fish growth status according to organic culture soil content (measured 6 months after setting) Comparative Example A-1 Comparative Example A-2 Example A-1 Example A-2 Comparative Example A-3 Comparative Example A-4 Whether cloudiness X X X X X O Microalgae generation X X X X O O myelin survival rate below 10 11-25% 95% or less 95% or less 80-90% 80-90% water plant growth rate
(Based on Valisneria running) - less than 1 piece per month
(grows very small in size) 2-3 packs per month
(Normal size) 2-3 packs per month
(Normal size) 2-3 packs per month
(Normal size) 2-3 packs per month
(Normal size) Microbial growth
(Water fleas, small earthworms, etc.) X X X X X O shopping Transparency Transparency Transparency Transparency light yellow light green Visual inspection of nitrogen gas X X O O O O amount of oil film X X X X 15-20% 100% odor X X X X X little stink Whether biological mortality X X X X X 30% us residual nitrate
(Based on 6 months) 57mg/l 20-30mg/l 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less 20-30mg/l

As shown in Table 4, when the organic culture soil is less than 1.7 parts by weight (Comparative Examples A-1 and A-2), the survival rate and growth rate of aquatic plants is significantly reduced, and the formation of a low-oxygen space is also insufficient, so that the residual nitrate is the standard value ( 40 mg/l) or more. In addition, in the case of more than 3.5 parts by weight (Comparative Examples A-3 and A-4), the inflow of oxygen to the water surface is blocked due to the excessive proliferation of microalgae due to eutrophication, the change in water color and the formation of an oil film, and the degree of nitrification is lowered. It can be confirmed that the accumulation of ammonia produces a foul odor and the death of organisms with weak immunity occurs.

Water quality and fish growth status according to black sand content Comparative Example A-5 Example A-3 Example A-4 Example A-5 Comparative Example A-6 myelin survival rate 40-50% over 90 98% or more 95% or more 15-20% plant growth rate Planting aquatic plants is not allowed 2-3 packs per month 2-3 packs per month 2-3 packs per month less than 1 month per month
(grows very small in size) sleep suspension 25% or more
(floating in organic culture soil) 0% 0% 0% 0% residual ammonia
(within one week of setting) 2-3mg/l 1mg/l or less 1mg/l or less 1mg/l or less 1mg/l or less early mortality rate 10-15% X X X X residual nitrate
(Based on 6 months) 65mg/l 7mg/l or less 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less 20mg/l

As shown in Table 5, when the black sand was set to less than 4 parts by weight (Comparative Example A-5), the organic culture soil floated to the surface, making it difficult to plant aquatic plants. In addition, the nitrification process was not performed smoothly in the initial stage before the growth of aquatic plants because it did not provide a sufficient habitat for aerobic bacteria, resulting in the death of some organisms. When the black sand was set to more than 10 parts by weight (Comparative Example A-6), the growth rate was very reduced because the growth rate was reduced and the roots were restricted from reaching the organic culture soil. As a result, it was confirmed that the absorption of nitrate in the myelin was lowered and the residual nitrate was rather increased.

Effects of Volcanic Stone Content Comparative Example A-7 Example A-6 Comparative Example A-8 residual ammonia
(within one week of setting) 3-4mg/l 1mg/l or less 1mg/l or less Whether sulfur is generated X X O

As shown in Table 6 above, when volcanic stone gravel was placed, the propagation of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter became active and the initial consumption of ammonia was accelerated. Within one year, sulfur(s), fatal to aquatic life, was generated at the bottom of the bottom ash.

Experimental Example 2. Dissolved oxygen (DO) according to the water surface

Dissolved oxygen (DO) was measured using a dissolved oxygen meter at a water temperature of 25°C by placing 8L of chlorine-free mineral water in an empty fish tank without plants or fish. According to the notification of the Ministry of Environment, the amount of saturated oxygen at 25℃ water temperature is 8.11mg/l.

Water surface area per 8 liters of water DO DO/saturated oxygen (%) 690cm² (Hand-held) 7.9mg/l 97.4 400cm² (square cube type) 5.1mg/l 62.9 220cm² (high cylindrical) 4.5mg/l 55.5

The amount of dissolved oxygen is not only directly required for respiration of fish, but also required for the oxidation process of ammonia. The type of fish tank determines the metabolism and growth rate of aerobic microorganisms in the initial setting. When a low fish tank is used, when the water surface area is more than 60 cm²/L, the dissolved oxygen amount increases significantly, compared to the conventional square cube-type fish tank, so that stable fish growth is possible without a separate oxygen generator.

Experimental Example 3. Water quality and biological growth according to the content of aquatic plants

After filling 90 liters of water in a 45cm wide 45cm long 45cm high 45cm fish tank, a flooring material was constructed according to the composition of Examples and Comparative Examples in Table 8 below, and aquatic plants were installed as in Examples or Comparative Examples, and then guppies adult fish class 20 , 10 cherry shrimp, and 10 Baekunsan were added. The amount of light was set to 600 lm, and the water was not changed at all, only the amount of natural evaporation was supplemented, and the water quality index and the growth status of the fish were checked after one year, and they are summarized in Tables 8 to 10 below.

Water quality and growth according to algae content Comparative Example B-1 Example B-1 Comparative Example B-2 Aquatic survival rate 98% or more 98% or more 20% or less DO (water temperature 25℃) 6.3mg/l 8.0mg/l 8.0mg/l residual nitrate 35mg/l 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less Daytime pH (15:00) 7.5 8 8.5 Night pH (2:00) 7 7 6 biological mortality X X 20%

As shown in Table 8, algae supply DO to the fish tank through rapid photosynthesis and consume nitrate. However, when the algae exceeds 3 parts by weight, it grows entangled with the aquatic plants and lowers the survival rate of the plants, and the excessive photosynthesis amount increases the day and night pH fluctuations, causing some shrimp species to die.

Water quality and biological growth according to the content of high-growth plants Comparative Example B-3 Example B-2 Comparative Example B-4 DO (water temperature 25℃) 6.3mg/l 7.9mg/l 8.0mg/l residual nitrate
(Before starting anaerobic metabolism) 65mg/l 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less Daytime pH (15:00) 7.5 8 8 Night pH (2:00) 7 7 6.5 Biological occurrence O X O biological mortality X X 20% Hardness (mg/l) 120 90 25

As shown in Table 9, when the high-growing aquatic plant is 0.1 parts by weight or more, it effectively consumes nitrate, but when it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the hardness of water is lowered and the water becomes too soft, and the fluctuation of day and night pH increases, so it is not suitable for biological growth. there is.

Water quality and biological growth according to the content of floating aquatic plants Example B-3 Comparative Example B-5 initial ammonium 5mg/l or less 5mg/l or less aquatic growth rate 2-3 packs per month less than 1 month per month

As shown in Table 10, when the floating aquatic weeds exceeds 3 parts by weight, the amount of light transmitted under the water is reduced, thereby significantly reducing the growth rate of the planted myelinated plants.

Experimental Example 4. Water quality and biological growth according to bottom material and aquatic plant content

Example C-1 Comparative Example C-1 Comparative Example C-2 Whether cloudiness X Occurs 5 times in 6 months Initial 2 occurrences Microalgae generation X X O myelin survival rate 98% or more 20-30% 60% water plant growth rate
(Based on Valisneria running) 2-3 packs per month less than 1 month per month less than 1 month per month Microbial growth
(Water fleas, small earthworms, etc.) X X Many worms shopping Transparency opaque white dark yellow Visual inspection of nitrogen gas O X O amount of oil film X X 80% or more odor X X O biological mortality X 20% 60% Initial amount of ammonia
(within one week of setting) 1mg/l or less 3mg/l Less than 1mg/l at initial setting
4mg/l after 3 weeks of setting residual nitrate
(Based on 6 months) 5mg/l or less 60-70mg/l 40-80mg/l
(variable depending on the survival of the myelin) fishing port landscape Good overall opaque Proliferation of brush moss, etc. in all components daytime pH 7.5 7.5 8.5 night pH 7 7 6 Average hardness (mg/l) 70-80 120 20-30 Mean DO (mg/l) 7.9 6.8 5.7 conclusion all figures are normal
Water quality continuous self-purification Low nutrition, no self-management ability
(Refund required) Excessive nutrition and water quality management capacity Exceeding biological mortality rate

When the organic culture soil and black sand are less than the content range of the present invention, the plant growth rate is reduced, the plant growth rate is reduced due to low nutrition, the water color becomes opaque due to the inability to effectively treat nitrates, and the average DO decreases, resulting in death of organisms Some happened.

If the organic culture soil and algae content are exceeded, the growth of algae due to overnutrition increases excessively, and micro-organisms and brush moss proliferate. Due to the lack of light reaching the bottom of the water, the growth rate of plants decreases, and the average DO decreases, which increases the mortality rate of organisms. The water in the fish tank also deteriorated, such as an oil film, a dark yellow color, and an odor.

1, in Example C-1, Comparative Example C-1, and Comparative Example C-2, the concentration change of nitrate (NO ₃ ⁻ ) over time in the fish tank composed of the bottom ash and the aquatic plant group is shown as a graph. Concentrations were measured every two weeks. In the case of Example C-1, a low nitrate concentration was maintained even over time, but in the case of Comparative Example C-1, nitrate was not effectively removed due to a lack of populations of bacteria and aquatic plants, and nitrate was continuously accumulated. In the case of Comparative Example C-2, nitrate was removed up to the 3rd month due to overnutrition of the organic culture soil and the growth of algae aided therein. It can be seen that the degree of accumulation of nitrate sharply increases.

Experimental Example 5. Water quality indicators and fish growth status over time

Fill a fishbowl with a height of 45 cm in width 45 cm in height 45 cm with 90 liters of water, and after composing a bottom filter medium and aquatic plants as in Example C-1, 20 guppies, 10 cherry shrimp, and 10 baegunsan were put in for 2 years. The water was not changed at all, only the amount of natural evaporation was supplemented, and the indicators of the water level and the growth status of the fish were checked over time and summarized in the following table.

0 days 1 month 2 months 3 months 4 months 5 months 6 months 1 year 2 years Ammonia concentration (mg/l) One 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less 0.2 or less nitrite concentration (mg/l) 0 5 1 or less 1 or less 1 or less 1 or less 1 or less 1 or less 1 or less Nitrate concentration (mg/l) 0 10 5 or less 5 or less 5 or less 5 or less 3 or less 1 or less 1 or less Occurrence of oil film 0 5% or less 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 daytime pH 7 7.5 8 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 night pH 7 7 7.5 7 7 7 7 7 7 Hardness (mg/l) 30 50 80 60 60 60 60 60 60 Dissolved oxygen (mg/l) 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 turbidity 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less 0.1 or less biological death X X X X X X X X X Biological reproduction (guppies, horses) 0 0 20 20 50 50 40 segregation segregation

As a result of checking the indicators using Tetra's water quality measurement kit every week, ammonium and nitrite, both fatal to fish, were hardly detected at 2 mg/l or less, and nitrate was also maintained at a level that had little effect on fish at 5 mg/l or less. . The hardness and acidity of the water were also maintained at moderate levels.

During the two years of growth in this tank, there were no diseases such as white spot, endoparasites and pinecone disease, and not a single fish died. There was no fishy smell from the fish tank using the filter, and the transparency was as clear as tap water. Baegunsan grew from 1.5cm to 2.5cm at the time of initial introduction, and guppies continued to reproduce due to active reproductive activity, and the fry were separated every month.

From the 6th month onwards, the growth of algae and aquatic plants slowed down and then almost stopped at about the 8th month, so it could be inferred that effective anaerobic metabolism took place from the 6th month on the flooring material and began to consume nitrate. The nitrogen gas air layer, which is evidence that anaerobic metabolism by microorganisms is taking place in the flooring material, was confirmed in the floor material with a depth of 3~6cm.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments described above are to be understood as illustrative and not restrictive in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims rather than the detailed description, , all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

a floor material installed on the bottom of a self-purifying fish tank and containing organic culture soil, black sand, and volcanic stone gravel; and
an aquatic group installed inside a self-purifying fish tank and including algae, high-growth plants, and optionally floating plants;
A self-purifying fish tank that includes. According to claim 1,
The bottom material is self-purifying fish tank, characterized in that it comprises 1.7 to 3.5 parts by weight of organic culture soil, 4 to 10 parts by weight of black sand, and 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of volcanic stone gravel. According to claim 1,
The aquatic plant group is a self-purifying fish tank, characterized in that it comprises 1 to 3 parts by weight of algae and 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of high-growth aquatic plants. 4. The method of claim 1 or 3,
The high-growth aquatic plants are self-purifying fish tanks, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of valisneria, really, cruciferous dryness, hygrophila, willomos, and anubias nana. According to claim 1,
The floating aquatic plant is a self-purifying fish tank, characterized in that it is included in an amount of more than 0 and 3 parts by weight or less. According to claim 1,
The self-purifying tank, characterized in that the water surface area of the self-purifying tank is 60 cm²/L to 200 cm²/L. According to claim 1,
A light source is irradiated into the self-purifying fish tank from the outside,
Self-purifying fish tank, characterized in that the amount of light irradiated from the light source is 230lm to 900lm.

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