KR20210054633A - nutriculture solution for plant cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation and, more specifically, to a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation, which can help good growth of crops and improve a taste, a sugar content, a texture, and the like. The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation of the present invention comprises: an A liquid containing calcium nitrate decahydrate (5{Ca(NO_3)_2·2H_2O}NH_4NO_3), ammonium nitrate (NH_4NO_3), potassium nitrate (KNO_3), and iron chelate (Fe-EDTA); a B liquid containing potassium phosphate (KHPO), magnesium sulfate (MgSO_4·7H_2O), magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO_3)_2·6H_2O), nitric acid (HNO_3), potassium nitrate (KNO_3), and trace elements; and a fermented liquid obtained by mixing and fermenting 10 to 20 parts by weight of molasses, 10 to 20 parts by weight of rice bran, 2 to 10 parts by weight of oil meal, 30 to 50 parts by weight of brown sugar, and 60 to 100 parts by weight of rice water on the basis of 100 parts by weight of fish by-products.

Description

Nutriculture solution for plant cultivation {nutriculture solution for plant cultivation}

The present invention relates to a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation, and more particularly, to a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation that can help with good growth of crops and improve taste, sugar content, and texture.

As is well known, soil cultivation has been deteriorated due to continuous deterioration of the soil environment due to excessive pesticides, abuse of chemical fertilizers, and cultivation of multiple crops without a fallow. To overcome this, high-quality, high-produced, and high-priced soil-free nutrient solutions are possible. Cultivation is on the rise.

This kind of soil-free nutrient solution cultivation is conducted by advanced agricultural countries such as the Netherlands, Denmark, France, and Israel. It is leading the horticultural market as well as the related equipment market.

In recent years, in Korea, as well as the spotlight of facility vegetables, the demand for clean vegetables increases, increasing interest in nutrient solution cultivation. In Korea, it is currently widely used in crops such as fruit vegetables such as cucumbers, tomatoes, and peppers, fruit vegetables such as lettuce, parsley, and perilla, and flowers such as roses and carnations.

Nutrient solution cultivation is a method of cultivating crops by making nutrients dissolved in water in an appropriate ratio and supplying them with oxygen, rather than receiving water and nutrients necessary for the growth of crops from the soil.

Nutrient solution cultivation is divided into air culture, hydroponic cultivation, and solid culture cultivation according to the type of medium and the supply method of the culture medium. The air culture cultivation is a method of cultivating the bed by half filling the nutrient solution and spraying the nutrient solution intermittently on the roots exposed to the air. Is a method of cultivation by supporting the crop with solid medium and supplying nutrient solution in various ways.

Since such nutrient solution cultivation excludes complex soil factors and cultivates crops, it is possible to repeatedly cultivate the same crop in the same place without being restricted by consecutive cropping obstacles, clean cultivation of various vegetables is possible, and work such as fertilization, irrigation, weeding, etc. is possible. It is evaluated as a technology that can be automated as unnecessary management tasks are drastically reduced, and the annual production is increased because the growth is generally faster, and it can be cultivated in places where it is difficult to secure agricultural land or where crop cultivation is impossible due to soil contamination. .

Modern farming methods are changing from inorganic farming using chemical fertilizers to environmentally friendly organic farming. Organic farming has the advantage of maintaining the balance of the material circulation system and allowing humans and living things in nature to coexist and coexist.

The conventional nutrient solution used in the nutrient solution cultivation method is a chemical fertilizer that is uniformly mixed by dissolving various fertilizer salts in water to supply inorganic elements necessary for the growth of crops, as disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-1999-0075528. . That is, since the conventional nutrient solution cultivation method is a kind of inorganic farming method, it has been urgently required to introduce an organic method in the nutrient solution cultivation method.

Korean U.S. Patent Publication No. 10-1999-0075528: Nutrient solution composition for cultivating tomato medium and its treatment method

The present invention was created to improve the above problems, and by adding organic raw materials to nutrient solutions of chemical fertilizers which are commonly used, the nutrient solution cultivation method having the same advantages as organic methods is realized by improving the nutrient solution cultivation method that used only the chemical fertilizer nutrient solution. Its purpose is to provide a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation that makes it possible.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation that can help with good growth of crops and improve taste, sugar content, and texture.

The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation of the present invention for achieving the above object is 10 hydrochloride calcium nitrate (5{Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ ·2H ₂ O}NH ₄ NO ₃ ), ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), A solution containing iron chelate (Fe-EDTA); Potassium phosphate (KHPO), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O), magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO ₃ ) ₂ 6H ₂ O), nitric acid (HNO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), trace elements Liquid B; A fermentation broth obtained by mixing 10 to 20 parts by weight of molasses, 10 to 20 parts by weight of rice bran, 2 to 10 parts by weight of oilseed, 30 to 50 parts by weight of brown sugar, and 60 to 100 parts by weight of rice water based on 100 parts by weight of fish by-products; Includes.

The oil leaf is castor leaf.

And it may further include a mixed extract extracted from a mixture obtained by mixing the white horseradish ( Cardamine amaraeformis ) and the gakshichwi (Saussurea pulchella) at a weight ratio of 2:1.

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to realize a nutrient solution cultivation method having the same advantages as organic methods by improving the conventional nutrient solution cultivation method using only the chemical fertilizer nutrient solution by adding organic raw materials to the chemical fertilizer nutrient solution.

In addition, the present invention can help the good growth of crops and improve taste, sugar content, texture, and the like.

Hereinafter, a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

As an example of the present invention, a nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation includes a liquid A, a liquid B, and a fermentation liquid.

Solution A is hydrated calcium nitrate (5{Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ ·2H ₂ O}NH ₄ NO ₃ ), ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), iron chelate (Fe-EDTA) Contains.

For example, solution A can be obtained by dissolving 10 hydrated calcium nitrate 1000 to 1200 g, ammonium nitrate 10 to 20 g, potassium nitrate 60 to 150 g, and iron chelate 9 to 10 g in 1000 L of water.

And solution B is potassium phosphate (KHPO), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O), magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO ₃ ) ₂ 6H ₂ O), nitric acid (HNO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), trace amounts It may contain elements.

For example, 150 to 250 g of potassium phosphate, 400 to 500 g of magnesium sulfate, 10 to 30 g of magnesium nitrate, 4 to 6 ml of nitric acid, 400 to 600 g of potassium nitrate, and trace elements are dissolved in 1000 L of water to obtain Liquid B. Here, as a trace element, manganese sulfate (MnSO ₄ H ₂ O) 2 to 3 g, zinc sulfate (ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O) 1.5 to 1.8 g, borax (Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ 10H ₂ O) or boric acid (H ₃ BO ₃ )2 to 4 g, copper sulfate (CuSO ₄ ·5H ₂ O) 0.2 to 0.3 g, sodium molybdate (Na ₂ MoO ₄ ·2H ₂ O) 0.13 to 0.15 g are used.

The fermentation broth is obtained by fermentation by mixing fish by-products, molasses, rice bran, oilseed, brown sugar, and rice water.

Fish by-products are non-edible parts generated in the processing of fish, and include the head, intestines, skin, and bones of fish. It goes without saying that whole dead fish can be used instead of fish by-products. Fish by-products are high in protein and rich in minerals necessary for plant growth, making them a good material for organic fertilizers.

As the molasses, any one of sugar cane molasses, sugar beet molasses, sugar molasses, starch molasses, citrus molasses, or sorghum molasses may be used. Molasses, along with brown sugar, supplies the energy needed for the metabolism of microorganisms.

Rice bran (rice bran) refers to brown rice bran other than rice husk that is produced as a by-product while milling rice, and rice bran plays a role in supplementing nutrition and minerals.

Oilseed is a residue produced by squeezing oil from the seeds of vegetables or fruits, and castor seeds can be used. Castor meal is suitable for organic fertilizers due to its higher nitrogen content and higher organic matter content than other types of oil meal.

After mixing 10 to 20 parts by weight of molasses, 10 to 20 parts by weight of rice bran, 2 to 10 parts by weight of oilseed, 30 to 50 parts by weight of brown sugar, and 60 to 100 parts by weight of rice water based on 100 parts by weight of fish by-product, 20 to 30°C Fermented for 2 to 6 months at.

Fermentation can be performed by inoculating naturally by microorganisms in the air, or by artificially inoculating a fermentation strain. As a fermentation strain, yeast, yeast, or lactic acid bacteria can be used.

After fermentation, it is filtered to obtain a fermentation broth. Filtration can filter out solids using a sieve or filter cloth. The fermentation broth thus obtained can be used as an organic liquid fertilizer by itself.

When liquid A, liquid B, and fermentation liquid are prepared, the nutrient solution composition is finally made by mixing in a certain ratio. For example, liquid A: liquid B: fermentation liquid may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1:0.5 to 1:0.2 to 0.6. Mixing is preferably done immediately before feeding the crops.

The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation of the present invention prepared as described above can be used as a nutrient solution for cultivating various crops such as vegetables such as paprika, fruits such as cherry tomatoes, and flowers.

The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation of the present invention can be diluted to an appropriate concentration and used. The amount of supply can be appropriately adjusted for each crop, for each growth stage, for each season, and for each type of medium.

The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation of the present invention promotes the growth of crops and improves taste, sugar content, texture, etc. compared to the conventional nutrient solution cultivation method using only chemical fertilizer nutrient solution by adding organic fertilizer to nutrient solution. I can.

On the other hand, in the present invention, a nutrient solution can be prepared by further mixing a mixed extract with liquid A, liquid B, and fermentation liquid. For example, liquid A: liquid B: fermentation liquid: mixed extract may be mixed in a weight ratio of 1:0.5-1:0.2-0.6:0.1-0.3.

The mixed extract is extracted from the mixture obtained by mixing the white horseradish and the hornwort in a weight ratio of 2:1.

Cardamine amaraeformis is a biennial plant of the mustard family of the dicotyledonous plant Poppy, and is a plant that grows mainly in the streams of mountain valleys. Swordfish can use the above-ground parts including leaves and stems.

Saussurea pulchella is a biennial plant in the asteraceae asteraceae, a dicotyledonous plant, and is commonly grown in sunny places in the mountains and fields. Each sichchwi can use the above-ground part including leaves and stems.

As an extraction method for extracting the mixed extract, it can be extracted by adding an extraction solvent to the mixture. As the extraction solvent, at least one selected from water, a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a polyhydric alcohol may be used. Methanol, ethanol, and the like may be used as the lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and butylene glycol, propylene glycol, and pentylene glycol may be used as the polyhydric alcohol.

As an example of extraction, after adding 2 to 20 times of water at a weight ratio of 2 to 20 times by weight to a mixture of a mixture of white horseradish and hornwort in a weight ratio of 2:1, extraction was performed at 20 to 120°C for 1 to 48 hours, followed by filtration and mixing in a liquid phase. The extract can be obtained.

The mixed extract is expected to be helpful in promoting the growth of crops due to its excellent antioxidant activity.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through examples. However, the following examples are for explaining the present invention in detail, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to the following examples.

(Example)

Solution A was prepared by dissolving 1100 g of 10 hydrate calcium nitrate, 15 g of ammonium nitrate, 100 g of potassium nitrate, and 9.5 g of iron chelate in 1000 ℓ of water.

And potassium phosphate 200g, magnesium sulfate 450g, magnesium nitrate 20g, nitric acid 5ml, potassium nitrate 500g, manganese sulfate 2.5g, zinc sulfate 1.7g, borax 3g, copper sulfate 0.25g, sodium molybdate 0.14g dissolved in 1000ℓ of water Prepared.

Then, 15 kg of molasses, 15 kg of rice bran, 6 kg of oilseed, 40 kg of brown sugar, 80 kg of rice water, and 2 kg of yeast were mixed with 100 kg of fish by-products including the intestines and skins of flounder, and fermented at 25° C. for 4 months, followed by filtration to prepare a fermentation broth. .

Then, a mixture was obtained by mixing the above-ground part (stem and leaf) of the white horseradish and the above-ground part (stem and leaf) of each sichi at a weight ratio of 2:1. After adding 10 times of water in a weight ratio to the mixture, it was at 90°C. After extraction for 6 hours, it was filtered to prepare a mixed extract.

<Antioxidant activity measurement>

Antioxidant activity was measured using the mixed extract of the example as a sample.

Antioxidant activity was measured by modifying the method of Kim MH et al. (2010) to measure the scavenging ability against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. After mixing 10 g of a sample and 200 mL of distilled water, extraction was repeated 3 times at 100° C. for 1 hour. Each extract was concentrated under reduced pressure and lyophilized at -80°C to prepare a final extract. 600 μL of the extract at a concentration of 1 mg/mL in which the extract was dissolved in distilled water and 300 μL of a 0.2 mM DPPH solution were reacted for 30 minutes, and the absorbance was measured at 517 nm with a spectrophotometer, and calculated by the following equation.

DPPH radical scavenging ability (%)=[1-(absorbance with added sample/absorbance without addition)]×100

The measurement results of radical scavenging ability are shown in Table 2 below. As a control, an extract of white horseradish extracted from white horseradish and an extract of each seed extract extracted from each seed was used. The same extraction method as the mixed extract was applied to the white horseradish extract and each extract.

division DPPH radical scavenging activity (%) Mixed extract 60.5 Flower Stork Extract 21.7 Each odor extract 25.3

Referring to the results of Table 1, it was found that the antioxidant activity of the extract extracted by mixing the Hwangsaengi and Gaksichwi was much better than the extract extracted from each of Hwangsikko and Gakshichwi. This seems to be due to the synergistic effect of the two substances added.

<growth experiment>

Cherry tomato growth experiments were conducted by dividing into a first treatment group, a second treatment group, and a control group.

The first treatment section was used by diluting the nutrient solution obtained by mixing the liquid A, the liquid B, and the fermentation liquid in the weight ratio of 1:0.8:0.4 of the Example by 100 times, and the second treatment section was the liquid A, the liquid B, the fermentation liquid, and the mixed extract of the embodiment. The nutrient solution mixed at a weight ratio of 1:0.8:0.4:0.2 was diluted 100 times and used. In addition, as a control, a nutrient solution obtained by mixing Solution A and Solution B of Example at a weight ratio of 1:0.8 was diluted 100 times and used.

Cherry tomatoes were planted on a hydroponic bed filled with perlite medium, and nutrient solutions were periodically supplied after planting to cultivate cherry tomatoes. The EC of the nutrient solution ^{was managed at 2.8~3.01.7dS·m -1} , and the pH was adjusted between 5.2~5.7. After cultivating cherry tomatoes for 80 days after planting, the number of plants and fruits were measured and averaged on site, and the dry weight of fruits was measured after measuring fresh weight and drying in a dryer. For the sugar content analysis of the fruit, the soluble solid content was measured with a refractometer. The experimental results are shown in Table 2 below.

division Length (cm) Fruit tree(ea) Fruit dry weight (g) Solid content (°Brix) Treatment zone 1 141.7 36 51.2 6.4 2nd treatment zone 156.0 41 55.9 6.6 Control 125.3 28 40.7 5.9

Referring to the results of Table 2, the first and second treatment groups had significant differences in plant length and number of fruits, fruit dry weight, and sugar content of fruits compared to the control group.

It was found that the growth of cherry tomatoes was greatly promoted in the first treatment and the second treatment compared to the control. The first treatment and the second treatment were found to have a larger plant length, more open fruit, and larger and heavier fruit. In addition, the sugar content of fruits was higher in the first and second treatments than in the control.

Through the above-described experimental results, it was confirmed that when a crop is grown using the nutrient solution composition of the present invention, it is effective in promoting growth and increasing sugar content. In particular, the second treatment group seems to have a higher effect than the control or the first treatment group.

In the above, the present invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment, but this is only exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various modifications and equivalent embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

Claims (3)

10 Hydrochloride containing calcium nitrate (5{Ca(NO ₃ ) ₂ ·2H ₂ O}NH ₄ NO ₃ ), ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), iron chelate (Fe-EDTA) A solution;
Potassium phosphate (KHPO), magnesium sulfate (MgSO ₄ 7H ₂ O), magnesium nitrate (Mg(NO ₃ ) ₂ 6H ₂ O), nitric acid (HNO ₃ ), potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), trace elements Liquid B;
A fermentation broth obtained by mixing 10 to 20 parts by weight of molasses, 10 to 20 parts by weight of rice bran, 2 to 10 parts by weight of oilseed, 30 to 50 parts by weight of brown sugar, and 60 to 100 parts by weight of rice water based on 100 parts by weight of fish by-products; A nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation, characterized in that it comprises. The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the oil meal is castor leaf. The nutrient solution composition for crop cultivation according to claim 1, further comprising: a mixed extract extracted from a mixture obtained by mixing Cardamine amaraeformis and Saussurea pulchella at a weight ratio of 2:1.