KR20200001276A - Exterior block for construction with functional and environmental property, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to: an exterior material for construction such as blocks or bricks forming an exterior wall of a building, which has various functions and is eco-friendly; and a manufacturing method of the exterior material for construction. More specifically, provided are a functional eco-friendly exterior material for construction and a manufacturing method thereof. The functional eco-friendly exterior material comprises 10-50 wt% of cement, 2-25 wt% of fly ash, 5-35 wt% of perlite, 10-50 wt% of at least one mineral selected from sericite and granite with seven colors, and 0.1 to 10 wt% of a cement toxic remover. According to the present invention, the exterior material has excellent strength while having improved sound absorption, heat insulation and flame retardancy, and the exterior material is economically feasible and eco-friendly.

Description

Functional eco-friendly exterior material for building and its manufacturing method {EXTERIOR BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION WITH FUNCTIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTY, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a building exterior material, such as a block or a brick constituting the outer wall of a building, and a method for manufacturing the same. Eggplant relates to a functional eco-friendly exterior packaging material and a method of manufacturing the same.

Blocks and bricks are used as exterior materials in buildings. Blocks or bricks are mainly applied to walls of buildings, and they are applied to buildings by forming walls on their own or attached to concrete walls. Depending on the building, the blocks themselves often form the walls of the building, and the bricks are often applied by attaching to the exterior surface of the concrete wall.

Most of the blocks used as exterior materials of buildings have an assembly structure that can be assembled to each other. Such building blocks have various assembly structures such as interlocking structures and concave-convex structures according to products, which also vary in shape and size depending on the product. In addition, most of the bricks used as exterior materials of buildings have a rectangular shape and standardized size, which are mainly attached to each other up and down / left and right by cement mortar.

In general, building exterior materials such as blocks or bricks are manufactured by mixing sand (aggregate), cement and water in a predetermined ratio, and curing them for a predetermined period. Recently, techniques have been attempted to impart a beautiful appearance to the surface or to add various functionalities.

For example, Korean Utility Model Publication No. 20-2017-0000802 proposes a white building block using white quartz and back cement, and Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2002-0095578 discloses a natural gemstone attached to a surface. A building brick and a method of manufacturing the same are provided.

In addition, Korean Patent No. 10-1652724 discloses a color brick using waste-rock sludge and colored ceramic powder and a method of manufacturing the same, and Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0088508 discloses a building brick containing graphene and The preparation method is presented.

However, the building exterior materials such as blocks or bricks according to the prior art has a problem of low functionality such as sound absorption, heat insulation and flame retardancy. In addition, in the case of having a functional, there is a problem that the strength is relatively weak, or economical and environmentally friendly.

Republic of Korea Utility Model Model No. 20-2017-0000802 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2002-0095578 Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1652724 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0088508

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems described above, while having excellent strength and improved functionality, such as sound absorption, heat insulation and flame retardancy, while providing an economical and environmentally friendly building exterior material and its manufacturing method There is a purpose.

However, the object of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned object, and other objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

The present invention to achieve the above object,

10-50% by weight of cement;

Fly ash 2-25 wt%;

Perlite 5 to 35 weight percent;

10 to 50% by weight of one or more minerals selected from biotite and seven precious stones; And

It provides a building exterior material containing 0.1 to 10% by weight cement detoxifier.

According to one embodiment, the cement toxic remover comprises grain husk fermentation.

In addition, the present invention,

Preparing a cement detoxifier;

10 to 50% by weight of cement, 2 to 25% by weight of fly ash, 5 to 35% by weight of pearlite, 10 to 50% by weight of one or more minerals selected from biotite and chile gemstone, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of cement detoxifier A second step of obtaining a compound in which water is added to the compound; And

It provides a method for manufacturing a building exterior material comprising a third step of compressing, molding the compound.

According to one embodiment, the first step comprises fermenting a mixture at 25 ° C. to 45 ° C. comprising 60 to 80% by weight of grain husks, 2 to 20% by weight of bacterial source and 10 to 30% by weight of acetic acid-containing fermentation. Fermentation for 5 to 10 days to obtain a grain husk fermentation.

According to the present invention, while having excellent strength and sound absorption, heat insulation and flame retardancy is improved and has an economical and environmentally friendly effect. In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a beneficial environment for the human body with various functions such as antibacterial, deodorization, far infrared emission and electromagnetic shielding.

As used herein, the term "and / or" is used in a sense including at least one or more of the components listed before and after. As used herein, the term "one or more" means one or more than one.

The present invention provides a building functional environmentally friendly exterior material and a method of manufacturing the same, having excellent strength and various functionalities and eco-friendliness. Building functional eco-friendly exterior material according to the present invention (hereinafter, abbreviated as "building exterior material") is not particularly limited as long as it is used for the exterior of the building, which can be applied to the exterior wall and / or roof of the building according to one embodiment. have. For example, when applied to the outer wall, the building exterior material according to the present invention may be applied to form the outer wall itself, or attached to the outer surface of the existing outer wall made of concrete or the like.

In addition, the shape and / or size of the building exterior material according to the present invention is not limited. The building exterior material according to the present invention may have a shape of a block, a brick, a panel and / or a bar, and may have a three-dimensional shape other than these. In addition, the building exterior material according to the present invention may have an assembly structure (engagement structure and / or concave-convex structure, etc.) that can be assembled with each other, according to another embodiment is formed through-holes, etc. in which cement mortar or the like can be inserted. Can be.

The building facing material according to the present invention includes at least one mineral selected from cement, fly ash, perlite, biotite, and seven precious stones, and a cement toxic remover. Building exterior material according to the present invention may be formed through compression molding after the above components are combined in an appropriate content.

The cement acts as the main material of the building facing material according to the invention, which also serves as the bonding material for the bonding of the other components. Cement may be selected from those commonly used in the art, and in one example may be selected from Portland cement and the like.

The cement may be included in 10 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. At this time, when the content of cement is less than 10% by weight, strength or bonding strength may be insignificant. And when the content of the cement exceeds 50% by weight, the content of the other components are relatively low, sound absorption (noise blocking) and / or heat insulation may be lower or may be undesirable in light weight. In view of this, the cement is preferably included in 20 to 40% by weight, or 25 to 35% by weight.

The fly ash is used to reduce bleeding, to improve watertightness, and / or to reinforce strength. Such fly ash may be included in 2 to 25% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. In this case, when the content of the fly ash is less than 2% by weight, improvement effects such as bleeding phenomenon, watertightness, and / or strength reinforcement may be insignificant. And when the content of the fly ash is more than 25% by weight, the content of the other components can be relatively low to lower the bond strength, sound absorption and / or thermal insulation. In view of this point, the fly ash is preferably included in 5 to 20% by weight. In addition, the fly ash, for example, can be used having a size of 2mm or less. For example, the fly ash may be one having a size of 500 μm to 2 mm, or a fine powder having a size of 20 μm to 500 μm.

The perlite is a porous body in which obsidian (pearlite), which is formed when a volcanic rock is rapidly cooled, is foamed by heating at a high temperature, and includes a myriad of fine pores therein. The perlite of such a porous body improves sound absorption and heat insulation.

The pearlite may be included in 5 to 35% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. At this time, when the content of pearlite is less than 5% by weight, the improvement effect such as sound absorption and heat insulation according to its use may be insignificant. And when the content of pearlite exceeds 35% by weight, the content of the other components can be lowered relatively, such as strength. In consideration of this point, pearlite may be included in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight. In addition, a pearlite can use what has a magnitude | size of 2 mm or less, for example. As the pearlite, for example, one having a size of 500 μm to 2 mm or a fine powder having a size of 20 μm to 500 μm may be used.

One or more minerals selected from the biotite and the seven precious stones are used for reinforcing strength of the building exterior material. Cicada and chilboseok are very effective in reinforcing the strength of the exterior material due to the compact mineral structure. These minerals (covite and / or chile) may be included in 10 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. At this time, when the content of minerals (mole mica and / or jewel) is less than 10% by weight, the strength improvement effect according to its use may be insignificant. And when the content of minerals (covite and / or seven precious stones) is more than 50% by weight, the content of other components may be relatively low, thereby lowering the bonding strength, sound absorption and / or heat insulation. In view of this point, minerals (covite and / or chile gemstones) may be included in an amount of 20 to 40% by weight. In addition, minerals (a mica and / or a gemstone) can use what has a magnitude | size of 2 mm or less. For example, the mineral (a mica and / or a jewel) may have a size of 500 μm to 2 mm, or a fine powder of 20 μm to 500 μm.

In addition, the biotite in the mineral has functions such as antibacterial, deodorization, far-infrared emission, anion emission and electric vehicle shielding. In addition, the biotite has the ability to adsorb and decompose specific radioactive materials, can adsorb and decompose various heavy metals and toxic gases, and has functions such as heat storage and thermal insulation. In addition, the chilseokseok emits a large amount of far infrared rays, which also has functions such as electromagnetic shielding, blood circulation, headache relief and water vein blocking. Accordingly, the building exterior material according to the present invention has an excellent strength by the biotite and / or jewels, as well as a variety of functions, such as antibacterial, deodorant, far-infrared emission and electromagnetic shielding (enhanced blood circulation, headache relief and Water vein blocking, etc.).

The cement toxic remover is used for the removal of harmful substances (toxic substances) generated from cement. Cement releases harmful substances such as ammonia and radon gas, carcinogenic substances such as hexavalent chromium, and human harmful substances such as heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury. Cement toxic remover should be able to remove these harmful substances.

The cement toxic scavenger may be selected, for example, from alum and / or acetates and the like. Such cement toxic remover may be included in 0.1 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. At this time, when the content of the cement toxic remover is less than 0.1% by weight, the toxic removal effect by the use thereof may be insignificant. And when the content of the cement toxic remover exceeds 10% by weight, the synergistic effect of excessive use is not very high and the content of the other components are relatively low, the strength, sound absorption and / or heat insulation may be lowered. Considering this point, the cement toxic remover is preferably included in 0.5 to 5% by weight.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cement toxic remover may comprise a grain husk fermentation. The grain husk fermentation is a fermentation product obtained by fermenting a fermentable mixture comprising a grain husk, a fungal source and an acetic acid-containing fermentation under appropriate fermentation conditions for a predetermined time, which is very effective in removing cement toxicity. At this time, the grain husk may be selected from rice bran, barley bran and / or wheat bran, and the fungal source may be selected from yeast, yeast and / or lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus as a source of the bacteria, for example, Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus acidophilus ), Lactobacillus casi ( Lactobacillus casei ) and Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus ) selected from Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus ) genus Bacteria Bifidobacterium longum ) and Bifidobacterium lactis Lactobacillus of the genus Bifidobacterium selected from lactis ) and the like.

The acetic acid-containing fermentation product is a fermentation product containing acetic acid, which may be selected from sugar fermentation product in which sugar is fermented. An acetic acid-containing fermentation product is specifically a fermentation product obtained by fermenting a sugar-containing substance (sugar source) with lactic acid bacteria, which contains acetic acid produced by decomposition of sugars. In this case, the sugar-containing substance (sugar source) may be, for example, glucose and / or polysaccharides, and specific examples thereof include sugar sources such as glucose, oligosaccharides, carbohydrates, and / or starch. Lactic acid bacteria for obtaining such acetic acid-containing fermentation products are Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus ) Lactobacillus ( Lactobacillus casei ), Lactobacillus acidophilus ( Lactobacillus acidophilus ) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus ), etc. One or more selected from can be used.

The grain husk fermentation is fermented mixture containing 60 to 80% by weight of the grain husk as described above, 2 to 20% by weight of fungal source and 10 to 30% by weight of acetic acid-containing fermentation 5 to 10 days at 25 ℃ to 45 ℃ Fermentation products obtained when fermented for a while can be usefully used.

The building exterior material according to the present invention described above includes the components as described above, namely, cement, fly ash, pearlite, minerals (vill and / or chil gemstone) and cement toxic remover in an appropriate amount, and has a high strength and excellent It has sound absorption, heat insulation, flame retardancy, and the like.

In addition, the building exterior material according to the present invention has a low amount of harmful substances (toxic substances) and natural substances (mineral and grain husk fermented products, etc.) as a main component, has an environment-friendly and high economic efficiency.

In addition, the building facing material according to the present invention may further include sodium silicate according to another embodiment of the present invention. These sodium silicates have incombustibility and improve the bonding strength between the respective components (ie, inorganic materials such as cement and fly ash), which can also improve strength and water resistance.

The sodium silicate may be included in 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. At this time, when the content of sodium silicate is less than 0.5% by weight, the effect of improving the bonding strength and strength, etc. according to the use thereof may be insignificant. And when the content of sodium silicate is more than 10% by weight, the synergistic effect of excessive use is not so great and may be undesirable for economics. In view of this, sodium silicate may be included in 2 to 5% by weight.

In addition, the building material according to the invention may further comprise additional materials such as ocher, activated carbon, charcoal, germanium and tourmaline. Such additional materials may be included in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the building exterior material. In addition, the building exterior material according to the present invention may further include other additives such as heat stabilizers, sunscreens, leveling agents and / or color pigments. Such additives may be included, for example, at 0.001 to 5% by weight, respectively.

On the other hand, the manufacturing method of the building exterior material according to the present invention, the first step of preparing a cement toxic remover; A second step of obtaining a blend of water in a mixture comprising cement, fly ash, perlite, biotite and biotite, and cement toxin mixture; And a third step of compressing and molding the blend.

At this time, in the first step, the grain husk fermentation product may be prepared as a cement toxic remover. According to an embodiment therefor, the first step comprises a fermentable mixture comprising from 60 to 80% by weight of grain husks, from 2 to 20% by weight of bacterial sources and from 10 to 30% by weight of acetic acid-containing fermentation at 25 ° C to 45 ° C. Fermentation for 5 to 10 days may include a fermentation process to obtain a grain husk fermentation.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first step includes the fermentation process as described above, the grain hull fermentation obtained in the fermentation process is left for 12 hours to 3 days at a temperature of 10 ℃ to 25 ℃ included in the grain husk fermentation It is preferable to further include a purification process for removing the residue and carbon dioxide gas. After the fermentation process is carried out, the grain husk fermented product contains sugar components derived from grain husk, acetic acid-containing fermentate, and the like, and contains carbon dioxide generated in the fermentation process. Such sugar components and carbon dioxide gas may adversely affect the removal of cement toxicity and mechanical strength of the building exterior material. In order to prevent this, the sugar component and carbon dioxide are removed through the purification process. That is, when the grain husk fermented product after the fermentation process is left for 12 hours to 3 days at a temperature of 10 ℃ to 25 ℃, the residue can be almost depleted and carbon dioxide gas can be removed.

In the second step, 10 to 50% by weight of cement, 2 to 25% by weight of fly ash, 5 to 35% by weight of pearlite, 10 to 50% by weight of one or more minerals selected from biotite and seven stones, and 0.1 to 10% of cement toxic remover A mixture containing% is prepared, and water is blended thereto to obtain a blend (dough). Water may be used, for example, at 10-40% by weight of the amount of cement used.

In the second step, the mixture may further include sodium silicate. Specifically, in addition to cement, fly ash, pearlite, minerals (covite and / or chile gemstone) and cement detoxifiers, sodium silicate is further added to obtain a sufficiently mixed and stirred mixture, and then water is mixed and stirred therein ( Dough) can be obtained.

In the second step, the mixture may further include additional materials such as ocher, activated carbon, charcoal, germanium and / or tourmaline. Additionally, the second step may further include other additives such as heat stabilizers, sunscreens, leveling agents and / or color pigments.

In the third step, the compound (dough) obtained in the second step as described above may be injected into a molding die, and then compressed and molded by applying heat and pressure. In this third step, a building exterior material such as a block or a brick may be molded according to the internal shape of the molding die.

According to the present invention described above, while having a weight and excellent strength suitable for the exterior wall of the building, sound absorption, heat insulation and flame retardancy is improved. In addition, the generation amount of harmful substances (toxic substances) is small, and natural substances (mineral and grain husk fermented products, etc.) are composed of the main component, it has an environment-friendly and high economical efficiency.

In addition, according to the present invention, environmentally friendly natural materials (mineral and grain husk fermentation, etc.), with a variety of functions, such as antibacterial, deodorization, far-infrared emission and electromagnetic shielding, the environment beneficial to the human body (blood circulation, headache relief and Water vein blocking, etc.).

Hereinafter, the Example and comparative example of this invention are illustrated. The following examples are provided by way of example only to help understand the present invention, thereby not limiting the technical scope of the present invention. In addition, the following comparative examples do not imply prior art, which is merely provided for comparison with the examples.

Example 1

A pearlite having a particle size distribution of about 0.1 to 1.5 mm was prepared and calcined at about 1,050 ° C. to obtain a porous pearlite powder. Thereafter, ordinary portland cement, fly ash, and mineral powder were mixed with the obtained perlite powder of the porous body, and put into a ball mill to prepare a sufficiently mixed and ground pulverized product. In addition, the cement detoxifier was mixed with water, and then the ground product was mixed and stirred to obtain a doughy compound.

The cement detoxifying agent is a grain husk fermentation product, which is fermented with yeast and acetic acid in a rice bran sufficiently wetted with water and then fermented at about 35 ° C. for 7 days, and then left at about 20 ° C. for 2 days to remove residue and carbon dioxide The rice bran fermentation broth removed sufficiently was used. In this case, the acetic acid-containing fermentation product was obtained by fermenting glucose in a constant temperature fermenter maintained at 35 ° C. for 5 days using a Lactobacillus casei seed.

The dough-like compound obtained as described above was placed in an iron mold, and then cured and dried for 1 day in a compressed state at high pressure to prepare a building block specimen (cuboid) according to the present embodiment. The content of each component constituting the block specimen prepared according to the present embodiment is shown in the following [Table 1]. In Table 1, the content is an approximate weight percent of each component based on the total weight of the block specimen, which is calculated based on the amount of each component used in the preparation of the block specimen.

[Examples 2 to 3]

In the same manner as in Example 1, but the building block specimens were prepared by varying the content of each component and the type of cement toxic remover. Each component and content constituting the block specimen according to each of the embodiments (2 to 3) are shown in [Table 1].

Example 4

In the same manner as in Example 1, but was further added to the sodium silicate to prepare a building block specimen. Each component and the content constituting the block specimen according to the present embodiment are shown in [Table 1].

Comparative Example 1

Compared to Example 1, the building block specimens were prepared in the same manner except that the content of each component was changed and no cement toxic remover was added. Each component and the content constituting the block specimen according to the comparative example are shown in [Table 1].

The bending strength, tensile strength and ammonia gas generation amount of the block specimens according to the examples and the comparative examples prepared as described above were measured, and the results are shown together in the following [Table 1].

In this case, the flexural strength was measured according to KS F 2408 (concrete flexural strength test method), and the tensile strength was measured according to KS F 2423 (concrete tensile test method). The amount of ammonia gas is added to each block specimen in a vacuum furnace to apply high temperature heat, and then the ammonia concentration contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the vacuum furnace is uniformly sucked by a gas sampling system. Measured by.

         <As a result of evaluation of composition and characteristics of building block specimen, unit: weight% Remarks Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 cement 32 32 32 32 32 Fly ash 14 14 14 10 14 Pearlite 21.8 28.6 21.8 21.8 42 Mineral Cicada 31 15 31 31 12 Cobblestone - 10 - - - Cement toxicity
Remover Grain husk fermentation 1.2 0.4 - 1.2 - Alum - - 1.2 - - Sodium silicate - - - 4 - Flexural strength
[kgf / ㎠] 162.7 156.4 161.7 163.7 131.8 The tensile strength
[kgf / ㎠] 76.1 70.3 72.8 76.7 54.5 Ammonia gas concentration
[ppm] 280.3 317.5 320.6 291.0 491.6

As shown in [Table 1], when compared with Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the content of pearlite is high or the content of minerals (villi / chile jewel) is low, it shows low strength. there was. In addition, when the cement toxic scavenger is added according to the embodiments, it can be seen that the amount of generation of ammonia gas concentration is significantly reduced compared to the case where it is not (Comparative Example 1).

In addition, in comparison with Examples 1 to 3, it was found that in the type of the cement toxic remover, the grain waste fermentation products (Examples 1 and 2) were more effective in reducing the amount of ammonia gas generated than alum (Example 3). In addition, it was found that when sodium silicate was further added as in Example 4, the strength was improved.

Claims (4)

10-50% by weight of cement;
Fly ash 2-25 wt%;
Perlite 5 to 35 weight percent;
10 to 50% by weight of one or more minerals selected from biotite and seven precious stones; And
Functional eco-friendly exterior material for building, characterized in that containing 0.1 to 10% by weight of cement toxic remover.
The method of claim 1,
The cement toxicity remover is a functional eco-friendly exterior material for building, characterized in that it comprises a grain husk fermentation.
Preparing a cement detoxifier;
10 to 50% by weight of cement, 2 to 25% by weight of fly ash, 5 to 35% by weight of pearlite, 10 to 50% by weight of one or more minerals selected from biotite and chile gemstone, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of cement detoxifier A second step of obtaining a compound in which water is added to the compound; And
And a third step of compressing and molding the compound.
The method of claim 3,
The first step,
A fermentable mixture comprising 60 to 80% by weight of grain husk, 2 to 20% by weight of fungal source and 10 to 30% by weight of acetic acid-containing fermentation is fermented at 25 ° C. to 45 ° C. for 5 to 10 days to obtain grain hull fermentation. A fermentation process obtained;
Building functional ingredients, characterized in that it comprises a purification step of removing the residue and carbon dioxide gas contained in the grain husk fermented product left for 12 hours to 3 days at a temperature of 10 ℃ to 25 ℃ obtained from the fermentation process. Method of manufacturing eco-friendly exterior materials.