KR20140071345A - Facing panel for facades and interiors of buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to front panel designs, sheets and roll materials of metal and bimetals with relief surfaces. The outer layer of the front panel is made of a corrosion resistant material and contains a relief on the outer surface. The relief cavity is filled with a material containing particles of hardness from 50 to 1600 units, depending on the adhesive and hardness absolute scale.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a front panel for a front and interior of a building,

The present invention relates to the design of front panel, sheet and roll materials of metal and bimetallic structures with a relief surface.

The developed front panel is used for the manufacture of walls, floor coverings and ceilings, the manufacture of frames for household appliances (refrigerator, oven, boiler equipment, closet), the processing equipment for the manufacture and trade of metal furniture (cash desk, shelf stand, Manufacture of elevators and interiors of buildings and structures, including the manufacture of elevators, escalators and trailers, the manufacture of frames and screen components of processing equipment, It can also be used as a roll material that also adheres to various surfaces, including building materials, railway vehicles and the interior and exterior walls of cars, walls of buildings and buildings, and surfaces of different types of equipment.

The front panel can be manufactured as a sheet material of a measured length having a width of 500 to 2000 mm and a length of 2000 to 10000 mm, as a roll of 100 to 2000 mm width, as a band of 100 x 1500 mm width.

The front panel can be manufactured as an integral product with different substrates, and they can also be glued to different substrates.

The front panel can be used for the manufacture of bimetallic articles having a top layer thickness of 0,05 to 2 mm and a bottom layer thickness of 0,3 to 5 mm.

Also, the term "substance" will be used herein to specify a developed technical solution. The term "material" within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention means a mixture of an adhesive and solid material particles, wherein the adhesive can be a liquid and a solid which can fill the cavity of the relief pattern of the product surface have.

A known decorative panel (RU, utility model patent 2786) contains decorative elements in the form of a metal base and stencil printed design, for example made of anodized coating A tin layer is positioned between the metal base and the decorative element, and the decorative cover area constitutes less than 50% of the base area.

A well-known function-decorating wall panel (RU, patent 54338) is a flat base fixed to a wall made of a metal sheet, which is connected by a fixing device to a functional decorative element located on the outer surface of the wall panel, Wherein the decorative layer is made of a sheet polymeric material, the elastic substrate is made of a flexible sheet material, and the decorative layer and the base Holes are produced at regular pitches along the vertical and horizontal axes, and the fixing elements for the functional elements are manufactured such that the holding head is located on the inside of the wall panel, Which ensures the free insertion of the fixing element head from the outside of the wall panel and the retention of the fixing element by the head inside the wall panel, It is divided into a close contact to form a junction along a butt edge (butt edge) during the assembly process.

The disadvantages of the two types of panels are their complex design due to their multi-layered nature.

(DE, Patent 2903359) metal front panel is made of a rectangular metal sheet bent along the entire outer peripheral edge and is positioned at an acute angle to its front surface with an ornamental relief, said ornamental relief being of a straight and / Which is formed by a mechanical sheet material processing method using pressure and is positioned symmetrically with respect to the intersection of the outer surface diagonal lines, and the height of the rectangular projections is larger than the thickness of the metal sheet.

The disadvantage of the metal front panel described above is its poor performance characteristics. Indeed, the application of mechanical sheet material processing methods using pressure to create an ornament relief on the outer surface of the panel with rectangular projections of a height above the metal sheet thickness has resulted in a solid top constraint on the metal sheet thickness and the material To give the mechanical properties. Metal sheets of high strength alloy steel with high performance parameters indicating high corrosion resistance and mechanical strength and thicknesses of 0,8 mm or more can not be used in the production of known metal front panels.

Also known is a metal front panel containing a rectangular base made of aluminum, which is considered a prototype (DE, patent number 3929761), which has a protrusion consisting of natural stone granules glued to the base .

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the short lifetime and low performance of the metal front panel, since the known technical solution does not guarantee the high durability of the metal front panel.

RU, patent 66383, can be admitted as being closest to the proposed technical solution according to its technical essence, a metal front panel made of stainless steel, containing a metal base with decorative elements on its outer surface, There is a decorative element in the shape of a cavity on top of it, which is at the same height or at a level not exceeding 0,14 mm from the plane of the outer surface The filling method applied is a powder coating preparation method.

This known technical solution has been applied to the production of a limited number of materials which are limited by its simplicity, which is used for its manufacture (powder coating with paints, co-filling to the same height or to levels located below 0,14 mm past the plane of the outer surface) It does not allow to ensure high consumer-oriented features, including high quality and the creation of patterns on products with a wide range of product parameters and vandal-proof enforcement.

The technical task solved through the implementation of the developed design is to create a new kind of front panel.

The technical results obtained by the implementation of the developed design are in reducing the possibility of surface contamination of the front panel and increasing the durability in retaining consumer-oriented features while creating the front panel of the anti-breakout practice.

In order to obtain the technical result shown, it is proposed to use a front panel on the front and inside of the building, the outer layer of which is made of a corrosion resistant material and contains a relief on its surface, And filled with a material containing particles having a hardness of 3 to 1600 units, depending on the scale.

Implementation of the out-of-panel layer shown guarantees the invariance of its consumer-oriented characteristics (corrosion resistance, scratch resistance, detection of oily deposits including fingerprints) for at least 50 years.

The outer layer can be made of stainless steel, titanium or aluminum alloy and ensures the achievement of the consumer-oriented characteristics shown.

In some implementation variants, the panel contains two or more layers, the outer layer is made of stainless steel, titanium, aluminum alloy and the inner layer is made of carbon steel, glass-fiber material, black-reinforced plastic, laminated paper plastic, , A cell structure, a fiber concrete, a plate made of plant fiber, a plate made of synthetic fiber, a foam plastic, a plastic, a ceramic tile, a ceramic granite, a silicate cotton, a glass foam, . The presence of the indicated layers does not exclude the possibility of using more than one third layer. One or more layers of glue used to secure the two layers shown and / or to attach the panel to a load bearing wall can be used as the third layer. The last variant is most likely when the developed front panel is used as the front material for the building structure.

A preferred relief depth is between 0.01 and 1.8 mm. The use of a less depth of relief element is impractical because the quality of the cured material is so low that it does not prevent scratches and the use of deeper depth relief elements allows mechanical damage to the outer layer first, It brings excess waste without positively affecting the achievement of the technical results shown.

Mixtures of particles of one material as well as of different materials may be used in the material composition. The use of a mixture of particles of different materials allows a specific reduction in the cost of the article itself without deteriorating its consumer-oriented characteristics.

It is preferred to use particles of different materials as expected and at least one of them may be selected from the group consisting of metal, stainless steel, ferrochrome, ferronickel, corundum, fused corundum, quartz, glass, quartz, gypsum, mica, tiff, Silicon carbide, boron-carbon-silicon, diamond, copper slag, nickel slag, rare-earth metal, and the like. Boron of a carbide and lanthanide boride with a hard alloy based on oxides, ferric oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, granite, ceramic, cement oxide, cobalt, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium and / Cargo and carbide alloys, and fibers.

The desired mass share of the particle content in the material should not exceed 92% for retention of material processing characteristics.

Most materials are selected from the group consisting of fluorocarbon polymer, rubber resin, melamine, polyurethane, thermosetting polymer, epoxy resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, ethyl silicate resin, epoxy ester resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, An adhesive selected from the group consisting of a siloxane resin, a grit resin, a formaldehyde resin, a silicon resin, a hydrocarbon resin, a silicon resin, and a solder alloy. The listed list does not limit the application of other materials to ensure the achievement of the technical results shown.

If the panel produced is used externally, there is a premise that it is recommended to use an adhesive that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. It increases the retention period of consumer-oriented features.

In particular, the following fluorocarbon polymers can be used as adhesives resistant to UV radiation: TEFLON 7, FLUON, ALGOFLON F, POLYFLON M 12, 14, TEFLON 8, HOSTAFLON TF 1640, POLYFLON M30, FLUON G 307, TEFLON FEP, NEOFLON FEP, TEFLON 6, FLUON CD, POLYFLON F 103, 104, TEFZEL, HOSTAFLON ET, NEOFLON ETFE, KYNAR, SOLEF, NEOFLON VDF, KEL-F, VOLTALEF, NEOFLON CTEF, TEFLON 30, FLUON AD, HOSTAFLON TF5000 , POLYFLON D.

Depending on the panel application, the material of the particles used, the depth and the relief cavity size, particles having a size of from 0.003 to 2 mm can be used.

In order to provide the material and decorative characteristics to the prepared front panel, the coloring material may be further introduced into the adhesive in the form of a dye, pigment.

Technological variations in mixing solder particles and hard material particles (diamond particle types) and then sintering the mixture can be used in front panel manufacture. The resulting material is warmed and the relief of the article of manufacture is filled with it. Other variations are possible as well, wherein the mixture containing the solder particles is mixed with particles such as those of the diamond, and the relief cavity is filled with it and sintered.

When using the front panel, due to high mechanical load accompanied by wear and heat The choice of high hardness particles is determined. The high mechanical load may not only be the result of vandal activation, but may also result from the use of the product to protect the surface of the passenger from the load and belongings of the passenger and from the passenger himself at places where wear is increased, Process. A common type of adhesive is a polymer with moderate hardness and abrasion resistance, so it is necessary to introduce a solid filler to the polymeric adhesive to accommodate the load. The larger the size of the filler particles, the more rigid the composite material containing these particles and the higher the anti-friction properties of the cured material. It is experimentally established that the use of particles with a hardness of less than 50, according to an absolute scale, does not guarantee the achievement of technical results.

There are two well-known ideal cases for the protection of articles of manufacture against mechanical damage, the first being characterized by deformations in which the particles of different sizes occupy the largest volume (up to 92% of the cured material) Characterized by deformation in which the size of the particle itself is maximum with reference to the micro-relief geometry of the cavity.

Typically, cracking of the composite material is located along the media boundary in a material having a minimum breaking strength. In this case, it is a polymer-adhesive. It should be considered that if diamond particles with a hardness of 1600 units are introduced into the polymer according to the absolute scale, these diamond particles will work correctly to accommodate wear and tear and will accept the load. The larger the amount of diamond particles in the material, the larger these particles (compared to the receiver-relief cavities) and the diamond itself is almost an ideal abrasive-cutting tool, thus enhancing the anti-friction properties of the material. In addition, in these cured materials, there is less likelihood of crack appearance in the polymeric adhesive, in which case its presence is low and basically there is a diamond in the material and the possibility of crack extension in the polymeric matrix (adhesive) little.

Different strains of filler to adhesive ratios are needed for different surfaces, different loads. Different hardnesses are needed for different materials, different loads and different abrasive tools. If the metal coin is the cause of fracture, the following materials may be applied: Corundum, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide. Diamonds and cubic boron nitride should be used if the breaker is using roadside stones (eg granite).

The basic uses of the developed articles of manufacture will be those in which the following materials are used as substrates: various concrete products based on cement, granite, ceramic granite and other ceramics, as well as stainless steel, aluminum alloys and other metal alloys, Based polymeric concrete, and also plastic articles in which super hard particles are embedded for wear prevention.

The present invention will be further illustrated by examples of practice.

1. A relief pattern with a linear size of 0,3-0,4 mm is attached to the workpiece by the lithographic method and the thickness of the titanium band is 0,2 mm. The relief is created on the surface of the free band by application of the jet etching method. The plate surface is cleaned and dried. As an adhesive, a material containing epoxy resin and granular particles of size 0, 1-0, 3 mm is applied to the relief surface. The particle content in the material is about 85% of the mass share. Excess material is mechanically removed from the band surface. The article of manufacture is used immediately after polymer-based curing (polymerization).

The tests performed are presented and the surface of the product is resistant to scratches by the coin of the copper and nickel alloy and the key of the patent lock. Fingerprints and other pollutants can not actually be detected on relief surfaces. The surface of the article of manufacture used for internal cleaning of the office room does not require any repair work within a period of at least 50 years.

2. This example is similar to Example 1 except that a band of aluminum alloy of 3,0 mm thickness is used. The value of the relief linear dimension is 0,2-0,3mm. The material contains polyester resin and diamond particles of size 0,040-0,050 mm. The particle content is equivalent to approximately 50% mass share.

The results are similar to those of Example 1.

3. This example was carried out analogously to Example 1 except that a 3,0 mm thick stainless steel band glued on a heat-insulator plate of silicate cotton 80 mm thick was used. The value of the relief linear dimension is 0,3-0,4mm. The material contains polyester resin and diamond particles of size 0,050-0,063mm. The particle content is equivalent to approximately 80% mass share.

The results are similar to those of Example 1.

3. This example demonstrates that a plate of foam alumina 50 mm thick is glued on the opposite side The procedure is similar to that of Example 1 except that a band of duralumin having a thickness of 2.0 mm is used. The value of the relief linear dimension is 0,8-1,2mm. The material contains a rubber resin and fused alumina particles with a size of 0,2-0,3 mm. The particle content is equivalent to approximately 70% mass share.

The results are similar to those of Example 1.

5. This example was carried out analogously to Example 4, except that particles of glass powder of size 1,0-1,3 mm were used. The scratches caused by the action of copper and nickel alloy coins and the action of the keys of the patented locks can be seen on the surface. The surface will lose its appeal within 5-6 years.

6. A relief pattern with a coarse size of 0,4-0,5 mm is attached to the workpiece by lithography, the thickness of the stainless steel band is 0,2 mm, a 50 mm thick piece of foam plastic is glued to the opposite side Respectively. The remaining operations noted from Embodiment 1 are repeated. 0,5-0,7 mm of nickel slag particles and a polyphenylsiloxane resin, and the particles are applied to a surface with a material mass of about 65% mass relief.

The results are similar to those of Example 1.

7. This example was carried out analogously to Example 6 except that the material contains silicon carbide particles of size 0, 8-1, 2 mm and phenol formaldehyde resin and has a mass content of approximately 70% mass share .

The results are similar to those of Example 1.

Implementation of the invention in accordance with the parameters introduced in the official independent claims of the present invention always leads to the achievement of the technical result shown.

Claims (11)

A front panel for the facade and interior of a building, characterized by an outer layer made of a corrosion resistant material and containing a relief on the outer surface, the cavity having a hardness between 3 and 1600 units, depending on the adhesive and absolute hardness scale A front panel filled with a material containing particles. The panel of claim 1, wherein the outer layer is made of stainless steel, titanium or an aluminum alloy. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer layer is made of two or more layers, the outer layer is made of stainless steel, titanium, aluminum alloy and the inner layer is selected from the group consisting of carbon steel, glass-fiber material, black-reinforced plastic, It can be made from one or more materials selected from the group of cell structures, fiber concrete, plates made of plant fibers, plates made of synthetic fibers, foam plastic, plastic, ceramic tile, ceramic granite, silicate cotton, glass foam, Wherein the panel is manufactured. The panel according to claim 1, characterized by a relief depth of between 0,01 and 1,8 mm. The panel of claim 1, characterized by the use of particles of one material. The panel of claim 1, characterized by the use of particles of different materials. The method according to claim 1, wherein particles of different materials are used, and at least one of them is selected from the group consisting of metals, stainless steel, ferrochromium, ferronickel, corundum, fused corundum, quartz, glass, quartz, gypsum, mica, Boron-carbon-silicon, diamond, copper slag, nickel slag, rare earth metal oxides, rare earth oxides, rare earth metal oxides, and rare earth oxides, such as tungsten carbide, molybdenum carbide, boron carbide, cubic nitride carbide, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium nitride, boron nitride, silicon nitride, Borides of carbides and lanthanide borides with carbides and / or titanium subgroups based on ferric oxide, ferric oxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, granite, ceramic, cement oxide, cobalt, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium And carbide alloys, and fibers. The panel of claim 1, wherein the particle content of the material is less than or equal to 92% mass share. The method of claim 1, wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of a fluorocarbon polymer, a rubber resin, a melamine, a polyurethane, a thermosetting polymer, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, an alkyd resin, an ethyl silicate resin, Characterized in that it comprises an adhesive selected from the group consisting of a resin, a silicon resin, a polyphenylsiloxane resin, a grit resin, a formaldehyde resin, a silicon resin, a hydrocarbon resin, a silicon resin, and a solder alloy. The panel of claim 9, characterized by the use of an adhesive that is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The panel of claim 1, characterized by the use of particles having a size of from 0.003 to 2 mm.