KR20140007309A - Method of pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground - Google Patents

Method of pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground Download PDF

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KR20140007309A
KR20140007309A KR1020130157387A KR20130157387A KR20140007309A KR 20140007309 A KR20140007309 A KR 20140007309A KR 1020130157387 A KR1020130157387 A KR 1020130157387A KR 20130157387 A KR20130157387 A KR 20130157387A KR 20140007309 A KR20140007309 A KR 20140007309A
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tunnel
ground
supported
installing
excavation
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KR1020130157387A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101531766B1 (en
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서동현
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(주)현이앤씨
서동현
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/04Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/105Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14Lining predominantly with metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/001Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of constructing a pre-supported tunnel installed in soft grounds for designing and building a tunnel in soft grounds where soil is shallow in an entrance and an exit of the tunnel and a downtown tunnel. According to the present invention, a method of constructing a pre-supported tunnel installed in soft grounds comprises: a step for installing multiple pre-supported materials designed for penetrating a pre-supported material into an outside of right and left to the longitudinal direction of a tunnel plan cross section, and into the depth required for the bottom of the tunnel from the top of the ground to the transverse direction for cutting off or supporting the pre-supported material before a tunnel is excavated in a ground surface; a step for excavating a pre-supported tunnel plan cross section; a step for removing the pre-supported material by cutting the pre-supported material in the length necessary for installing a bearing plate after installing a shotcrete and a steel rib; and a step for re-attaching the shotcrete for coating after installing the bearing plate. A traverse arch and a longitudinal arching are secured while being excavated at the same time according to a pre-supported material which is pre-constructed before excavation. Since the pre-supported material is installed from the ground surface to a lower part of the bottom of the tunnel as a column, the ground of an upper part of the tunnel is supported as a column, and a working face is stabilized and the ground of a lower part is cut off. The tunnel is excavated more securely without an unsupported state generated in excavation to a traditional NATM. Since relaxation of the foundation can be minimized, a reduction amount of ground strength of the foundation is decreased.

Description

연약 지반에 설치되는 선지보 터널 공법{Method of Pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground}Method of Pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground}

본 발명은 터널 입출구나 도심 터널에서 발생하는 토피가 얕은 초연약 지반에서 터널을 설계 시공하는 연약 지반에 설치되는 선지보 터널 공법에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a seismic tunnel construction method installed in a soft ground for designing a tunnel in a super soft ground having a shallow toffee generated in a tunnel entrance or exit tunnel.

종래에는 시가지 천층 터널 시공시, 미리 지반을 보강하기 위한 그라우팅을 실시하여 지반을 개량하는 보조 공법이 있었으나, 이러한 보조 공법은 투입된 노력에 비해 지반의 지보 효과가 적은 단점이 있다.Conventionally, there was an auxiliary method for improving the ground by performing grouting to reinforce the ground in advance when constructing a city top floor tunnel. However, such an auxiliary method has a disadvantage that the support effect of the ground is less than that of the injected effort.

또한, 터널 내에서 파이프 루프만으로 선지보하거나 쉴드 터널 개념을 도입한 대형 쉴드를 유압으로 압입하고, 내부를 굴착하는 방식이 있었으나, 파이프 루프는 횡방향 보강이 부족하게 되고, 쉴드 형태는 국지적으로 일부 발생하는 터널에 비용이 과다하게 발생하여 대단면에서 적용이 불가능하다.In addition, there was a method of hydraulically injecting a large shield, which was made by only a pipe loop in the tunnel or using a shield tunnel concept, and digging the inside, but the pipe loop lacked the lateral reinforcement, and the shield form was partially partially. Excessive cost is generated in the tunnels, which are not applicable in large sections.

본 출원인의 대한민국 특허 제10-0740200호는 터널 굴착 전에 선지보재를 설치하는 개념을 도입한 것이다.The applicant's Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0740200 introduces the concept of installing the preliminary treasure before the tunnel excavation.

상기 발명은 터널 입출구나 도심 터널에서 발생하는 토피가 얕은 토사 터널의 시공 및 대단면 터널 내에서 파일럿 터널을 선굴착 관통 후, 선지보 파일을 복수의 위치에서 선지보재를 먼저 천공 설치한 후, 대단면 터널, 즉 메인 터널의 굴착 라인까지 굴착하면서 라이닝 형성재인 프리캐스트 조각판 철근으로 짜여진 트러스판, 스틸리브 등의 세그먼트를 선지보재와 결합 시공하거나 아주 초연약 지반에서 방사상으로 설치하는 선지보재 외에 종방향의 파이프 루프 강관 다단 그라우팅을 조밀하게 해야 할 경우에는 시공상 서로 간섭되지 않도록 내부 라이닝 지보재로 굴착 라인을 보강하는 선지보 터널 공법 및 이에 적합한 장치에 관한 것으로서, 지표면 또는 파일럿 터널의 내부에서 예정된 터널의 굴착 라인을 향하여 다수의 선지보재를 천공 설치하고 그라우팅하는 단계와; 상기 터널의 굴착 라인을 따라 터널을 굴착하고, 그 굴착면에 배수재를 설치하는 단계와; 상기 배수재의 하단에 상기 선지보재 마다에 조각판을 연속해서 끼워 설치하되, 조각판 들의 측면에 형성된 끼움 돌기와 끼움 홈이 서로 맞물려 라이닝이 형성되도록 설치하는 단계와; 상기 조각판을 관통한 선지보재에 지압판을 대고 정착구를 조여 압착을 가하는 단계를 포함하여 이루어진다. According to the present invention, after the construction of the shallow tosa tunnel generated in the tunnel entrance and exit or urban tunnel and through the pilot tunnel through the pre-excavation in the large-sized tunnel, the pilot file is first drilled and installed at the plurality of positions. Excavating the surface tunnels, that is, the main tunnels, the truss plates, steel ribs, etc., which are woven with lining-forming precast slab, and steel ribs, are combined with the props or radially installed on very soft ground. If the pipe loop steel pipe multi-stage grouting in the direction is to be densely related, the sun beam tunneling method and a suitable device for reinforcing the excavation line with the inner lining support so as not to interfere with each other in construction. Drilled and installed a number of preloaded materials And the step of grouting; Digging a tunnel along an excavation line of the tunnel, and installing drainage material on the excavation surface; Installing a piece of plate in succession to each of the props at the bottom of the drainage, and installing the lining to be formed by engaging the fitting protrusions and the fitting grooves formed on the sides of the pieces; It comprises a step of applying a pressing by tightening the anchorage plate to the pressure bearing plate penetrating the engraving plate.

이와 같은 종래 기술은 굴착 전에 선시공되는 선지보재에 따른 횡방향 아치와 종방향 아칭을 굴착과 동시에 확보할 수 있어서 무지보 상태가 발생하지 않게 되어 비교적 안전한 시공을 할 수 있으나 내부 마찰각이 작은 점토 또는 실트질 초연약한 원지반에서는 선지보재를 굴착면까지만 설치해서는 내부 막장의 안전과 원지반의 아칭력 부족으로 이완되고 원지반의 강도가 감소하게 되므로 안전하게 터널 굴착을 할 수 없어서 초천층 터널에 적용하기 어려운 경우가 있었다.This prior art can secure the transverse arch and longitudinal arching according to the pre-prepared construction prior to excavation at the same time as the excavation, so that the unsupported state does not occur, so that the construction can be relatively safe, but the internal friction angle is small clay or silt In the case of super soft ground plate, the installation of the preliminary treasure only to the excavation surface is relaxed due to the safety of the inner membrane and lack of arching force of the ground plate, and the strength of the ground plate is reduced, so it is difficult to apply to the tunnel tunnel because it is not possible to safely tunnel excavation. .

대한민국 특허 제10-0740200호Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0740200

본 발명의 목적은 상기 종래 기술이 갖고 있던 문제점을 해결하기 위해 개발된 것으로서 터널 굴착 전에 선지보재를 설치하는 종래의 개념을 도입하고 이에 추가하여 초연약 지반에서 터널 주변을 보다 더 효율적으로 차수와 지보하는 방법을 도입하여 연약 지반에 설치되는 선지보 터널 공법을 제공하는 데 있다.An object of the present invention was developed to solve the problems of the prior art as the introduction of the conventional concept of installing the pre-installation prior to the excavation of the tunnel and in addition to the more efficient order and support around the tunnel in the ultra soft ground It is to provide a sunbo beam tunneling method installed in the soft ground by introducing a method.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 지하 수위가 지표면 하에 인접하여 높게 형성된 연약한 토사 지반에서도 터널을 안전하게 시공하는 방법을 제공하는 데 있다.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for safely constructing a tunnel even in a soft soil ground having a high ground level adjacent to the ground surface.

본 발명의 상기 목적은 본 발명에 의해 달성되는 데, 본 발명은 지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지, 수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 관통하여 설계된 다수의 선지보재를 설치하며, 선지보재는 원지반을 천공하여 네일을 삽입한 후, 가압 그라우팅을 하여 시공한다. 선지보재는 가압 그라우팅에 의한 침투와 맥상 주입으로 차수 효과와 원지반의 물성을 개량하여 굴착과 지보를 원활하게 하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The above object of the present invention is achieved by the present invention, the present invention is in the vertical direction to the left and right outside, in the vertical direction to the horizontal direction of the tunnel plan cross-section for order or support before the excavation of the tunnel From the tunnel floor to the required depth to install a number of design material to be installed, the material is installed by pressing grouting after inserting the nail by drilling the base plate. The propagation material is characterized by smoothing the excavation and support by improving the degree of effect and the physical properties of the ground by penetration and pressure injection by pressure grouting.

지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로는 좌우 외부까지, 수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 관통하여 설계된 다수의 선지보재를 설치하는 단계;Installing multiple props designed to penetrate or support the props prior to the excavation of the tunnel from the ground surface from the ground to the required depth from the ground to the required depth from the ground in the horizontal direction. ;

선지보된 터널 계획 단면을 굴착하는 단계;Excavating the declared tunnel plan section;

숏크리트와 강지보재를 설치 후, 선지보재에 지압판을 설치할 수 있도록 필요한 길이로 절단하여 제거하는 단계;After the shotcrete and the steel plate retainer are installed, cutting and removing the shotcrete to a required length so that the pressure plate can be installed on the paper retainer;

지압판을 설치 후, 피복을 위해 숏크리트를 재취부하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.After installing the pressure plate, it characterized in that it comprises the step of remounting the shotcrete for coating.

지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지 보강을 할 때, 터널 외부에서 차수를 위한 그라우팅을 추가하는 것을 특징으로 한다.It is characterized by adding grouting for the outside of the tunnel when reinforcing to the left and right outside required in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan cross-section for the order or support of the ground prior to excavating the tunnel from the ground surface.

상기 선지보재는 직경 50 내지 150mm로 천공하여 선지보재를 삽입 후, 가압 그라우팅하여 설치하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
The prop retainer is punctured with a diameter of 50 to 150 mm, and after inserting the prop retainer, the grout is installed by pressure grouting.

굴착 전에 선시공되는 선지보재에 따른 횡방향 아치와 종방향 아칭을 굴착과 동시에 확보하고 선지보재를 지표면에서 터널 바닥 하부까지 기둥처럼 설치하므로 터널 상부 지반을 기둥처럼 지지하는 효과와 막장을 안정시키고 하부 지반을 융기나 침하에 대해 지지하는 효과가 있으며 종래의 NATM공법에서 굴착 순간 발생하는 무지보 상태가 없어서 보다 더 안전하게 터널 굴착을 할 수 있으며 원지반의 이완을 최소화할 수 있어 원지반의 지반 강도 역시 감소량이 적게 되는 효과가 있다.Secure the transverse arch and longitudinal arching according to the preloaded construction prior to excavation at the same time as the excavation, and install the props as pillars from the ground surface to the bottom of the tunnel floor, thus supporting the top of the tunnel as a pillar and stabilizing the bottom It has the effect of supporting the uplift and settlement, and there is no ignorance that occurs at the moment of excavation in the conventional NATM method, so that the tunnel can be excavated more safely and the loosening of the ground can be minimized, so the ground strength of the ground is also less reduced. It is effective.

또한, 선지보재를 지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로는 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지 수직 방향으로 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 다수의 선지보재를 일정한 간격으로 설치하므로서 시공하는 과정에서 가압 그라우팅에 의한 침투와 맥상 주입으로 차수 효과와 원지반의 물성을 개량하여 굴착과 지보를 원활하게 하도록 하는 효과가 있다.
In addition, the process of installing the props by installing a plurality of props at regular intervals from the ground to the required depth from the ground in the vertical direction to the left and right outside required in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan section before excavating the tunnel from the ground surface. It is effective to smooth the excavation and support by improving the ordering effect and the properties of the ground by penetration and pressure injection by pressure grouting.

도 1은 단면도로서 지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지 수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 설계 간격으로 다수의 선지보재를 설치하는 것을 도시한 도면이다.
도 2는 평면도로서 계획된 터널의 상부 지표면에서 선지보재의 위치와 터널의 좌우 외곽부에 차수 그라우팅을 추가하여 도시한 도면이다.
도 3은 측면도로서 일 롯트를 추가 굴착한 것을 도시한 도면이다.
도 4는 측면도로서 숏크리트와 강지보재를 굴착면에 타설한 것을 도시한 도면이다.
도 5는 측면도로서 선지보재를 지압판을 체결할 수 있도록 철근을 요구되는 길이만큼 여유 길이를 남겨 놓고 절단하여 제거한 상태를 도시한 도면이다.
도 6은 측면도로서 터널 주변에 절단된 선지보재에 지압판을 설치한 것을 도시한 도면이다.
도 7은 측면도로서 지압판이 피복 되도록 마무리 숏크리트를 타설한 것을 도시한 도면이다
도 8은 도 7의 지압판이 설치된 상태를 도시한 상세도이다.
1 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of design intervals from the ground to the required depth from the ground in the vertical direction from the ground to the right and left outside required in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan cross section for ordering or supporting the preloads before excavating the tunnel from the ground surface; It is a figure which shows installing a propagation treasure.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the position of the preload on the upper ground surface of the tunnel and the order grouting on the left and right outer sides of the tunnel as a plan view.
3 is a side view showing the excavation of the lot.
Figure 4 is a side view showing the shotcrete and the retaining material is placed on the excavation surface.
5 is a side view showing a state in which the cutting bar is removed by cutting the length of the reinforcing bar to the required length so as to fasten the pressure plate.
FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating the installation of the pressure plate on the wire retainer cut around the tunnel.
FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating the finishing shotcrete so that the pressure plate is coated.
8 is a detailed view showing a state in which the pressure plate of FIG. 7 is installed.

이하에서 본 발명의 실시예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명은 터널을 건설하기에 부적합하였던 아칭력이 잘 형성되지 않는 내부마찰각이 작은 점토 또는 실트질 초연약한 원지반에서 선지보재를 터널 양측부와 바닥 하부 지반까지 설치하여 경제적이면서 구조적으로 안전하고 용이하게 건설하기 위한 것이다.The present invention is economically and structurally safe and easy to install the preservation material on both sides of the tunnel and the bottom of the ground in clay or silt super soft base where the internal friction angle is not well formed for the construction of the tunnel. It is to build.

본 발명의 주요 부재인 선지보재는 터널을 굴착 전에 원지반을 천공하고 그 내부에 철근 강봉 GRP(플라스틱 함침 유리 섬유) 등을 삽입하고 시멘트로 그라우팅하여 형성하고 인장 또는 압축을 받는 부재이다. 또 다른 실시 방법으로서는 철근을 항타하여 설치를 할 수도 있으며, 인장만을 받는 천단부에 설치되는 선지보재는 강선을 사용하여 형성할 수도 있다. The preliminary material, which is the main member of the present invention, is a member which is formed by drilling a base plate before inserting a tunnel and inserting a reinforcing steel bar GRP (plastic impregnated glass fiber) or the like into it, grouting with cement, and receiving tension or compression. As another implementation method, it may be installed by stiffening the reinforcing bar, and the wire retainer installed at the top end portion receiving only tension may be formed by using steel wire.

선지보재에 사용되는 그라우팅 재료는 화학적으로 안정한 보통 포틀란트 시멘트 또는 차수가 용이한 마이크로 시멘트를 사용하며, 차수가 매우 중요한 곳은 시멘트와 약액을 혼합하거나 용액형 약액을 사용하여 압력 그라우팅을 할 수 있다.The grouting material used in the props is chemically stable, usually portland cement or microcement, which is easy to order, and where the order is very important, pressure grouting can be performed by mixing cement and chemical or by using liquid solution. have.

이하에서 상세를 도면을 이용하여 설명하면,Hereinafter, the details will be described with reference to the drawings.

도 1은 단면도로서, 지표면(3)에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재(1)를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 지지력과 차수 그라우팅(9)의 주입 범위에 따라 터널 계획 단면(2)의 횡방향으로 설계에서 요구하는 좌우 외부까지 설치하고 종방향 간격을 결정하여 배치한다.1 is a cross-sectional view, in the design in the transverse direction of the tunnel planning cross section 2 according to the bearing range and the injection range of the order grouting 9 for ordering or supporting the preload 1 prior to excavating the tunnel from the ground surface 3. Install to the left and right outside as required and determine the longitudinal distance.

수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 지지력과 차수가 요구되는 깊이까지 설계 간격으로 복수의 선지보재(1)를 설치한다.In the vertical direction, a plurality of pre-pending materials (1) are installed at design intervals from the ground to the depth required for the bearing capacity and order at the tunnel floor.

도 2는 평면도로서 계획된 터널의 상부 지표면(3)에서 선지보재(1)의 위치와 터널의 좌우 외곽부에 차수 그라우팅(9)을 추가한 상태를 도시한 것이다. 물론 차수가 필요하지 않을 때에는 지지력을 만족하는 선지보재만 배치하면 된다.FIG. 2 shows a state where the grout 9 is added to the position of the front retainer 1 and the left and right outer portions of the tunnel in the upper ground surface 3 of the tunnel, which is planned as a plan view. Of course, when the order is not needed, only the props satisfying the bearing capacity need be arranged.

도 3은 측면도로서 선지보재(3)가 노출되도록 한 막장면(8, 일롯트)을 추가 굴착한 것을 도시한 것이다.FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating the excavation of the additional membrane surface 8 (lot) in which the props 3 are exposed.

도 4는 측면도로서, 도 3과 같이 굴착한 면에 숏크리트(7)와 강지보재(5, 보강재)를 굴착면에 타설한 것을 도시한 도면이다.FIG. 4 is a side view showing the shotcrete 7 and the steel retaining material 5 (reinforcement) placed on the excavated surface on the excavated surface as shown in FIG. 3.

시공 순서를 상세히 설명하면, 굴착 후, 숏크리트(7)로 실링 후, 강지보재(5)를 설치하고 숏크리트(7)를 추가로 타설한다. The construction procedure will be described in detail. After the excavation, after sealing with the shotcrete 7, the steel retainer 5 is installed and the shotcrete 7 is further poured.

도 5는 측면도로서 숏크리트(7)와 강지보재(5)로 지보를 한 후 막장부에 노출된 선지보재(1)에 지압판(6)을 체결할 수 있도록 철근에 너트를 채울 수 있는 요구되는 길이 만큼 여유 길이를 남겨 놓고 절단하여 제거한다.5 is a side view of the required length to fill the nut to the reinforcing bar so as to fasten the pressure plate 6 to the front retainer (1) exposed to the curtain wall after the support with the shotcrete (7) and the rigid support (5) Leave the length as long as it is cut and remove.

도 6은 측면도로서 터널 굴착면 숏크리트 위의 절단된 선지보재(1)에 지압판(6)을 설치한 것을 도시한 것이다.FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating the installation of the pressure plate 6 on the cut retaining material 1 on the tunnel excavation shotcrete.

도 7은 측면도로서, 지압판(6)이 피복되도록 마무리 숏크리트(7)를 타설한 것을 도시한 것이다. 방수시 지압판(6)과 선지보재(1)에 의해 쉬트가 파손되는 것을 방지하고 숏크리트(7)의 구조상 요구되는 두께를 완성하기 위해서이다.Fig. 7 is a side view showing the finish shotcrete 7 being poured so that the pressure plate 6 is covered. In order to prevent the sheet from being damaged by the shiatsu plate 6 and the preservation material 1 at the time of waterproofing, and to complete the structurally required thickness of the shotcrete 7.

도 8은 도 7의 지압판(6)이 설치된 상세도이다.FIG. 8 is a detailed view in which the pressure plate 6 of FIG. 7 is installed.

본 발명의 최적의 실시 방법을 설명하면When explaining the best practice of the present invention

터널을 지표면(3)에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재(1)를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면(2)의 횡방향으로 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지 수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 관통하여 설계된 다수의 선지보재를 설치하는 단계;Depth required from the surface to the tunnel floor in the vertical direction from the tunnel surface to the left and right outside required in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan section 2 for ordering or supporting the front retainer (1) prior to excavating the tunnel from the ground surface (3) Installing a plurality of props designed to penetrate up to;

선지보된 터널 계획 단면을 굴착하는 단계;Excavating the declared tunnel plan section;

숏크리트(7)와 강지보재(5)를 설치 후, 막장의 선지보재(1)를 지압판(6)이 설치될 수 있도록 여분을 남겨두고 절단하여 제거하는 단계;After the shotcrete 7 and the steel plate retainer 5 are installed, cutting and removing the sheet retainer 1, leaving a spare so that the pressure plate 6 can be installed;

지압판을 설치 후, 피복을 위해 숏크리트(7)를 재취부하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 선지보재를 지표면에서 터널 바닥 하부까지 기둥처럼 설치하므로 터널 상부 지반을 기둥처럼 지지하는 효과와 막장을 안정시키고 하부 지반을 융기나 침하에 대해 지지하는 효과가 있도록 하고 선지보재를 시공하는 과정에서 가압 그라우팅에 의한 침투와 맥상 주입으로 차수 효과와 원지반의 물성을 개량하여 굴착과 지보를 원활하게 하도록 하는 효과가 있다. 상기 선지보재 설치는 여러 가지 재료와 방법으로 설치할 수 있지만 최적의 방법은 외경 50mm 내지 150mm로 천공하여 선지보재(1)를 삽입 후, 가압 그라우팅하여 설치하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 최적의 천공경은 원지반의 천공경 주변 마찰 전단 강도가 적은 지반은 크게 적용하고 마찰 전단 강도가 큰 양호한 지반은 작게 한다. 상기의 선지보재(1)를 설치하는 과정에서 차수가 요구되는 지하 수위(4)가 높은 지반에서는 터널 계획 단면(2)의 횡방향으로 좌우 외부까지 보강을 할 때, 터널 외부에 차수를 위한 그라우팅을 추가하는 것을 특징으로 한다.After installing the pressure plate, it is characterized in that it comprises the step of remounting the shotcrete (7) for coating. Since the base material is installed from the ground surface to the lower part of the tunnel floor like a column, it has the effect of supporting the upper part of the tunnel like a column, stabilizing the membrane, supporting the lower part against rising or sinking, and pressing grouting in the process of installing the material. It is effective to smooth the excavation and support by improving the ordering effect and the properties of the ground by penetration and vein injection. The preliminary preservation installation can be installed with various materials and methods, but the optimal method is to install by inserting the preliminary preservation material (1) by punching out the outer diameter of 50mm to 150mm. The optimum boring diameter is applied to the ground having a small friction shear strength around the boring diameter of the base, and to a good ground having a large friction shear strength. Grouting for the outside of the tunnel when reinforcing to the left and right outside in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan cross section 2 in the ground where the water level 4 is high in order to install the above-mentioned preservation material 1 It is characterized by adding the.

차수 그라우팅(9)을 추가하는 방법은 종방향으로 1열 또는 2열을 설치할 수 있고 그라우팅 재료는 현탁액형, 용액형 등 모두 사용할 수 있으며, 분말도가 가는 침투가 용이한 마이크로 시멘트를 사용하면 보다 더 차수를 용이하게 하고 지반 강도를 보강할 수 있다. 그리고 선지보 자체도 가압 그라우팅에 의해 차수 효과가 있다.  In order to add the order grouting (9), one or two rows can be installed in the longitudinal direction, and the grouting material can be used in both suspension type and solution type. It can make the order easier and reinforce the ground strength. And the propagation beam itself has a degree effect by pressure grouting.

선지보재의 설치 간격은 원지반에 선지보재로 보강된 터널을 모델링하여 지반을 연속체로 가정하여 유한 요소 해석을 하거나 절리 방향을 고려한 불연속체로 가정하여 해석할 수 있다.The spacing of prestressed materials can be analyzed by modeling tunnels reinforced with prestressed materials on the ground, assuming the ground as a continuum, or a discontinuity considering the jointing direction.

선지보재의 역할은 터널의 바닥에서는 설계 깊이로 설치하여 지반 변위를 억제하는 역할과 침투 및 맥상 그라우팅으로 차수 효과를 발휘한다.
The preservation role is installed at the design depth at the bottom of the tunnel to suppress the displacement of the ground, and the order effect is achieved by penetration and vein grouting.

1 : 선지보재 2 : 터널 계획 단면
3 : 지표면 4 : 지하 수위
5 : 강지보재(보강재) 6 : 지압판
7 : 숏크리트 8 : 막장면
9 : 차수 그라우팅
1: Propagation treasure 2: Tunnel plan section
3: ground surface 4: underground water level
5: steel plate (reinforcement) 6: acupressure plate
7: shotcrete 8: film face
9: Order Grouting

Claims (3)

지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로는 좌우 외부까지, 수직 방향으로는 지표부터 터널 바닥에서 요구되는 깊이까지 관통하여 설계된 다수의 선지보재를 설치하는 단계;
선지보된 터널 계획 단면을 굴착하는 단계;
숏크리트와 강지보재를 설치 후, 막장의 선지보재를 지압판이 설치될 수 있도록 필요한 길이로 절단하여 제거하는 단계;
지압판을 설치 후, 피복을 위해 숏크리트를 재취부하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 선지보 터널 공법.
Installing multiple props designed to penetrate or support the props prior to the excavation of the tunnel from the ground surface from the ground to the required depth from the ground to the required depth from the ground in the horizontal direction. ;
Excavating the declared tunnel plan section;
After the shotcrete and the steel plate retainer are installed, cutting and removing the sheet retainer to the required length so that the pressure plate can be installed;
After installing the pressure plate, re-attach the shotcrete for cladding.
청구항 1에 있어서,
지표면에서 터널을 굴착 전에 선지보재를 차수 또는 지지를 위하여 터널 계획 단면의 횡방향으로 필요로 하는 좌우 외부까지 보강을 할 때, 터널 외부에서 차수를 위한 그라우팅을 추가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 선지보 터널 공법.
The method according to claim 1,
Propagation tunneling method characterized by adding grouting for the outside of the tunnel when reinforcing to the left and right outside required in the transverse direction of the tunnel plan cross section for the degree or support before drilling the tunnel on the ground. .
청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 선지보재는 직경 50 내지 150mm로 천공하여 선지보재를 삽입 후, 가압 그라우팅하여 설치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 선지보 터널 공법.
The method according to claim 1,
The propagation tunnel is a propagation tunnel construction method, characterized in that perforated with a diameter of 50 to 150mm to insert the propagation material, and then installed by pressure grouting.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105909261A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-31 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method
CN108019209A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-05-11 西安理工大学 The drawing anchor construction method deformed suitable for the overlying solum settlement of shallow tunnel
CN108708739A (en) * 2018-04-12 2018-10-26 中铁四局集团有限公司 A kind of exposed construction method of shallow embedding suitable for large section hard rock tunnel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100740200B1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2007-07-18 서동현 Tunnelling method using pre-support concept and an adjustable apparatus thereof
KR100924794B1 (en) * 2009-04-15 2009-11-03 주식회사 에스코컨설턴트 Inflow reduction method for transition zone btween cut and coer bored tunnel
KR101082164B1 (en) * 2009-08-21 2011-11-09 서동현 Presupporting bar fixing improved bearing pressure plate of presupport tunnel

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105909261A (en) * 2016-05-09 2016-08-31 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method
CN108019209A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-05-11 西安理工大学 The drawing anchor construction method deformed suitable for the overlying solum settlement of shallow tunnel
CN108708739A (en) * 2018-04-12 2018-10-26 中铁四局集团有限公司 A kind of exposed construction method of shallow embedding suitable for large section hard rock tunnel
CN108708739B (en) * 2018-04-12 2019-07-26 中铁四局集团有限公司 A kind of exposed construction method of shallow embedding suitable for large section hard rock tunnel

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