CN105909261A - Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method - Google Patents
Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105909261A CN105909261A CN201610303297.8A CN201610303297A CN105909261A CN 105909261 A CN105909261 A CN 105909261A CN 201610303297 A CN201610303297 A CN 201610303297A CN 105909261 A CN105909261 A CN 105909261A
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- Prior art keywords
- excavation
- middle groove
- rock
- tunnel
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Links
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/04—Driving tunnels or galleries through loose materials; Apparatus therefor not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method. The method aims to perform step-by-step excavation on a lower half section, so that the excavation amount is small, the excavation face is small, immediate support is convenient, the influence range in the axis direction is small, and timely control over surrounding rock stability is facilitated. Meanwhile, the effect that an arch support and a spray layer can provide powerful supporting during beforehand exposed surrounding rock deformation is guaranteed. According to the technical scheme of the deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method, a tunnel with an upper half section excavated is included, and step-by-step excavation is performed on the lower half section. The step-by-step excavation specifically includes the steps that 1, an inverted-trapezoid middle groove is excavated in the lower half section of the tunnel in the axis direction of the section, the excavation depth of the middle groove is not larger than 1/2 of the lower section depth, equally-thick rock walls are reserved on the two sides of the middle groove, and an underlying surrounding rock is reserved at the bottom of the middle groove; 2, the rock walls on the two sides are reinforced in time through anchor rods, anchor cables and anchor bars after excavation of the middle groove; and 3, after supporting work of the middle groove is finished, the reserved rock walls and underlying surrounding rock are subjected to manual excavation construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel, it is adaptable to subterranean tunnel engineering.
Background technology
Soft rock is the widest a kind of rock of distribution in the world, architectural engineering, Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, railway,
Road is all frequently run onto the complex engineering problems relevant with soft rock in the fields such as mine engineering.Geotechnical Engineering is real
Trampling and show, Soft Rock Engineering differs widely with the situation of hard rock, and Soft Rock Engineering has the feature that it is exclusive, existing
Hard rock construction technique and construction, design specification can not be indiscriminately imitated for Soft Rock Engineering.
It is poor that soft rock hole section shows self in digging process, and the features such as landslide easily occur, and this is main
Wanting reason is that soft rock bearing capacity is low, deformability strong, and in the case of meeting water, intensity reduces substantially,
It is difficult in a short time under high-ground stress environment keep stable, in digging process, even meets with fairly large landslide.
If buried major diameter soft rock tunnel uses full face tunneling, disposable excavated volume is big, at axis direction
The country rock scope of excavation impact is wide, and the supporting amount after excavation is big, causes supporting cannot complete in time and play work
With, thus unfavorable to stability control.But, buried under the conditions of soft rock tunnel in bottomed work progress,
The country rock that inevitably will result in the excavation supporting of topping bar deforms, and causes rockbolt stress shape of topping bar
State and the further deterioration of rock property, the further cracking of support system, and after bottomed excavation, the initial stage props up
Protect the vertical supporting that part is lost footing, preliminary bracing may be caused to sink, even because losing vertical supporting
And cause it to collapse.Therefore, the selection of bottomed excavation plan is most important.
The difference of bottomed excavation plan, it is meant that the order of country rock excavation and supporting there are differences, and thus may
Causing the surrouding rock deformation even difference of stable state, therefore, the selection of rational bottomed scheme is to whole tunnel
Stability the most critically important.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of buried major diameter
The bottomed excavation method of soft rock tunnel, uses step excavation to lower half section, and excavated volume is little, and excavation face is little, just
In immediate support, coverage is little in the axial direction, beneficially the timely control of adjoining rock stability.Meanwhile,
During to ensure the surrouding rock deformation disclosed in advance, bow member and spray-up can provide strong support.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel, tool
There is the tunnel that upper half section has excavated, it is characterised in that step excavation lower half section:
1, along the middle groove of its axis direction excavation inverted trapezoidal shape on the lower half section of described tunnel, middle groove excavates
The degree of depth is less than 1/2 time section depth, and the dike of uniform thickness is reserved in the both sides of described middle groove, and the bottom of middle groove is reserved
The most sleeping country rock；
2, after centering groove excavation, the dike of both sides is reinforced with anchor pole, anchor cable and dowel in time；
3, after middle groove support work completes, reserved dike and lower sleeping country rock are carried out hand excavation's construction.
The upper surface excavation width of described middle groove=lower section width-both sides dike width, the excavation length of middle groove
Less than 1 times of excavation span.
The thickness of described dike and lower sleeping country rock is 2～3m；The reserved dike angle of both sides is 40～50 °.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention uses step excavation to lower section, and one time excavated volume is little, quick-fried
Broken disturbance is little, when particularly digging, the least to the blast disturbance of the Wall Rock of Tunnel excavated；And due to substep
Excavation, surrouding rock deformation substep increases, it is easy to take measures in time according to monitoring result, reserved both sides rock mass
Also the construction for supporting measure is provided convenience, and protects dual-side walled rock, pre-for large deformation subsequent treatment
Stay condition.Meanwhile, after the middle groove excavation of the present invention, bottom surrouding rock deformation is not produced impact, to upper half
The impact of section is the most less, effectively controls surrouding rock deformation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the profile of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel in the present embodiment position, have on
The tunnel that half section 1 has excavated.The lower half section of tunnel is used step excavation, along its axis direction
The middle groove 2 of excavation inverted trapezoidal shape, the dike 3 of the both sides of middle groove 2 reserved thick 2～3m, and with anchor pole 5, anchor cable
And dowel reinforcing；The reserved lower sleeping country rock 4 of thick 2～3m in the bottom of middle groove 2, is used for controlling bottom deformation and reserves
Adjust space；After all excavation supportings of middle groove 2 have worked, carry out the excavation work of reserved country rock.
The present embodiment step excavation lower half section to be embodied as step as follows:
1, the excavation of middle groove 2: along the middle groove of its axis direction excavation inverted trapezoidal shape on the lower half section of tunnel
2, middle groove cutting depth is less than 1/2 time section depth, and the rock of uniform thickness (2～3m) is reserved in the both sides of middle groove 2
Wall 3, the lower sleeping country rock 4 of 2～3m thickness is reserved as protective layer in the bottom of middle groove, pre-for controlling bottom deformation
Stay adjustment space；The upper surface excavation width of middle groove 2=lower half section width-both sides dike 3 width；Middle groove
Length can be determined according to monitoring result, and depend on supporting construction quality and supporting effect simultaneously, if
Its promptness, supporting effect are difficult to embody, then the length of middle groove 2 is not to be exceeded 1 times of excavation span；
2, after middle groove 2 excavation, due to the damage of upper half section excavation back wall rock, the shadow of middle groove Excavation blasting damage
Ring, anchor pole 5, anchor cable and dowel should be used in time to reinforce the dike 3 of its both sides；The rock that middle groove 2 both sides are reserved
Wall 3 angle be 40～50 ° the angles of middle groove bottom (the middle groove inclined-plane with), with facilitate layout reinforce anchor pole 5,
Anchor cable and dowel；
3, after middle groove 2 support work completes, reserved dike 3 and lower sleeping country rock 4 are carried out hand excavation
Construction；Excavation not bursting work as far as possible, can take weak blast if desired, but must first make both sides before excavation
The pre-reinforcement of dike, carries out excavating operation the most again, prevents from causing the secondary deformation of country rock.
Claims (3)
1. the buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel, has upper half section (1) and has excavated
The tunnel become, it is characterised in that step excavation lower half section:
1.1, along the middle groove (2) of its axis direction excavation inverted trapezoidal shape on the lower half section of described tunnel, in
Groove cutting depth is less than 1/2 time section depth, and the dike (3) of uniform thickness is reserved in the both sides of described middle groove (2),
The bottom of middle groove leaves sleeping country rock (4) in advance；
1.2, after centering groove (2) excavation, the dike (3) of both sides adds with anchor pole (5), anchor cable and dowel in time
Gu；
1.3, after middle groove (2) support work completes, to reserved dike (3) and lower sleeping country rock (4)
Carry out hand excavation's construction.
The buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The upper surface excavation width of described middle groove (2)=lower section width-both sides dike (3) width, opening of middle groove
Dig length less than 1 times of excavation span.
The buried bottomed excavation method of major diameter soft rock tunnel the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The thickness of described dike (3) and lower sleeping country rock (4) is 2～3m；Dike (3) angle that both sides are reserved
It it is 40～50 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610303297.8A CN105909261A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610303297.8A CN105909261A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105909261A true CN105909261A (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Family
ID=56747947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610303297.8A Pending CN105909261A (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | Deeply-buried large-diameter soft rock tunnel drop bottom excavation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105909261A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440708A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 中建国际建设有限公司 | PBA shallow buried underground excavating close range large section three-hole separated island type structure construction method |
| CN102003187A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2011-04-06 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Construction method of under cutting excavation supporting of of deeply buried soft-rock large tunnel |
| CN102140918A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-08-03 | 长安大学 | Loess tunnel construction method |
| CN102444407A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-05-09 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Construction deformation control method for lower step of high crustal stress weak surrounding rock tunnel |
| KR20140007309A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-01-17 | (주)현이앤씨 | Method of pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground |
-
2016
- 2016-05-09 CN CN201610303297.8A patent/CN105909261A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440708A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 中建国际建设有限公司 | PBA shallow buried underground excavating close range large section three-hole separated island type structure construction method |
| CN102003187A (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2011-04-06 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 | Construction method of under cutting excavation supporting of of deeply buried soft-rock large tunnel |
| CN102140918A (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-08-03 | 长安大学 | Loess tunnel construction method |
| CN102444407A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-05-09 | 中铁二局股份有限公司 | Construction deformation control method for lower step of high crustal stress weak surrounding rock tunnel |
| KR20140007309A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-01-17 | (주)현이앤씨 | Method of pre-supported tunnel costructed in a soft ground |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨进忠 等: "锦屏二级水电站1#引水隧洞绿泥石片岩洞段处理技术与应用", 《水利水电技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160831 |
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