KR20130132638A - Gasification device for low-temperature liquefied gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a vaporization apparatus for a low temperature liquefied gas which is hard to bend in the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes due to the difference in the temperature in the longitudinal direction of the distribution pipes between the vaporization pipes. And a plurality of vaporization pipes 21 and an intergasification pipe distribution pipe 22 for distributing the low temperature liquefied gas to each of these vaporization pipes 21, and the plurality of vaporization pipes 21 are arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane, The vaporization pipe panel 16 extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to the lower end part of each vaporization pipe 21, and the vaporization pipe panel so that it flows down along the several vaporization pipes 21 ( Liquid for heat exchange in the first area A1 of the distribution pipe 22 between the liquid supply part 30 which supplies the liquid for heat exchange from the upper end of 16, and the some vaporization pipe 21 is arrange | positioned. Heat transfer suppression unit for suppressing the heat transfer rate from the liquid for heat exchange in the whole of the second area A2 of the intergasification pipe distribution pipe 22 outside the first area A1 from the heat transfer rate from 23).

Description

GASIFICATION DEVICE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE LIQUEFIED GAS}

The present invention relates to a vaporization apparatus for vaporizing low temperature liquefied gas, such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquid nitrogen (LN ₂ ), by heat exchange with a heat medium such as seawater.

Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Literature 1, an evaporator (ORV) is known which vaporizes liquefied natural gas (LNG) by heat exchange with seawater (liquid for heat exchange).

As shown in FIG. 11, this vaporization apparatus is provided with the vaporization pipe panel 102 spreading along a specific vertical surface, and the seawater supply part 104 which supplies seawater to the vaporization pipe panel 102. As shown in FIG.

The vaporization pipe panel 102 has a plurality of vaporization pipes (heat transfer pipes) 106 and a distribution pipe (supply side header) 108 between the vaporization pipes. The seawater supply part 104 supplies seawater from the upper end of the vaporization pipe panel 102 to flow along the surface of the vaporization pipe panel 102.

Each vaporization pipe 106 extends in the vertical direction to vaporize the liquefied natural gas (low temperature liquefied gas) flowing therein by heat exchange with an external medium. The plurality of vaporization tubes 106 included in these vaporization tube panels 102 are arranged in a horizontal direction on the specific vertical plane so as to be in a posture parallel to each other. The distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization pipes distributes liquefied natural gas to each vaporization pipe 106 in the vaporization pipe panel 102, respectively. The distribution pipes 108 between the vaporization pipes extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to lower ends of the respective vaporization pipes 106 included in the vaporization pipe panel 102.

In such vaporization apparatus 100, the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes distributes liquefied natural gas to each vaporization pipe 106, and this distributed liquefied natural gas rises in each vaporization pipe 106. As shown in FIG. In addition, the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 104 flows down the outer side of the vaporization pipe 106 along the vaporization pipe 106. At this time, in each vaporization pipe 106, liquefied natural gas and seawater heat-exchange through the pipe wall which isolate | separates the inside and outside of the said vaporization pipe 106. As shown in FIG. As a result, the liquefied natural gas is vaporized into natural gas (NG).

Moreover, the vaporization apparatus of patent document 2 is known. In this vaporization apparatus, as shown in FIG. 12, the waterproof cover 110 is covered on the upper side of the 1st area | region a1 of the intergasification pipe distribution pipe 108. As shown in FIG. The waterproof cover 110 prevents seawater from directly contacting the first area a1 of the distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization pipes. Thereby, the heat quantity fluctuation of liquefied natural gas (vaporized liquefied natural gas) when seawater temperature is comparatively high and a load is small can be suppressed.

In the vaporization apparatus of the said patent document 1, when the low temperature liquefied gas (liquefied natural gas) is vaporized, the edge part of the longitudinal direction of the distribution pipe 108 in the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes (in FIG. 11). Difference in temperature occurs in the region a2) and the central portion (the region a2 in FIG. 11). When such a temperature difference occurs, the distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization pipes may be bent by the difference in the amount of thermal expansion and contraction of each vaporization pipe 106 resulting from this. As a result, bending occurs in the distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization pipes, and a stress is generated at the junction between the distribution pipe 108 and the vaporization pipes 106 between the vaporization pipes.

Specifically, the outer side of the region a1 in which the plurality of vaporization tubes 106 is disposed is higher than the temperature of the region a1 in the longitudinal direction of the intergasification pipe distribution tube 108. That is, the temperature of the edge part a2 in the longitudinal direction of the intergasification pipe distribution pipe 108 becomes higher than the temperature of the said area | region a1. This is based on the following reasons.

The heat exchange liquid (sea water) flowing down the first region a1 along the vaporization tube panel 102 flows to the low temperature liquefied gas in the vaporization tube 106 when it flows down to the distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization tubes. It has become low enough sufficiently. On the other hand, since the liquid for heat exchange which flows out the outer side of the vaporization pipe panel 102 in the said longitudinal direction flows down without performing heat exchange with the low temperature liquefied gas in the vaporization pipe 106, the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes The temperature of the heat exchange liquid when reaching 108 is higher than that of the heat exchange liquid flowing down the first region a1.

As described above, when a difference in temperature occurs between the first region a1 and the second region a2 in the distribution tube 108 between the vaporization tubes, the end position in the longitudinal direction from the distribution section 108 between the vaporization tubes. A difference occurs between the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas distributed in the vaporization tube 106 and the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas distributed in the vaporization tube 106 at the central position in the longitudinal direction of the first region a1. As a result, the difference of thermal expansion and contraction arises in the vaporization pipe 106 of the said end position, and the vaporization pipe 106 of the said central part position, and the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes curves by this.

On the other hand, in the vaporization apparatus of the said patent document 2, the waterproof cover 110 prevents the liquid for heat exchangers from directly contacting the 1st area | region a1 of the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes. However, the waterproof cover 110 covers only the portion adjacent to the vaporization pipe 106 at the end position in the horizontal direction in the second region a2 of the distribution pipe 108 between the vaporization pipes. Therefore, also in the said vaporization apparatus, the heat exchange liquid which is not heat-exchanging with a low temperature liquefied gas (high temperature) touches the 2nd area | region a2 of the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes. For this reason, also in the said vaporization apparatus, the difference of temperature arises between the 1st area | region a1 and the 2nd area | region a2 of the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes. As a result, also in the vaporization apparatus of patent document 2, it is concerned that the distribution pipe 108 between vaporization pipes may be bent similarly to the vaporization apparatus of the said patent document 1.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-57998 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-183970

An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporization apparatus for a low temperature liquefied gas, in which curvature of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes due to a difference in the temperature in the longitudinal direction of the distribution pipes between the vaporization pipes is hard to occur.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for vaporizing a low temperature liquefied gas, a plurality of devices for vaporizing the low temperature liquefied gas by the heat exchange between the low temperature liquefied gas and an external medium flowing in the vertical direction and flowing therein And a vaporization pipe distribution pipe for distributing the low temperature liquefied gas to each of these vaporization pipes, wherein the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane, and the distribution pipes between the vaporization pipes extend in a horizontal direction. And a vaporization tube panel connected to the lower ends of the respective vaporization tubes, a liquid supply unit for supplying heat-exchange liquid from the upper end of the vaporization tube panel to flow along the plurality of vaporization tubes, and the plurality of vaporization tubes. The heat transfer amount per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the first region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes; In other words, the heat transfer suppressing portion for suppressing the amount of heat transfer per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes located outside the first region in the horizontal direction to the same or less degree. Equipped.

1 is a schematic configuration perspective view of a vaporization device of a low temperature liquefied gas according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2: is a schematic diagram (front view) which shows the state of the piping of the said vaporization apparatus.
3: is a schematic diagram (side view) which shows the state of the piping of the said vaporization apparatus.
4 is a partially enlarged view for explaining the heat transfer suppressing portion of the vaporization apparatus.
5: (A) is a side view for demonstrating the seawater supply part of the said vaporization apparatus, and FIG. 5 (B) is a front view for demonstrating the seawater supply part of the said vaporization apparatus.
6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the vaporization device is installed, and is a perspective view in which part thereof is broken.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a difference in temperature of liquefied natural gas flowing in the supply-side header due to the thickness of the heat insulating member.
8 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a heat insulating member (heat transfer suppressing portion) according to another embodiment.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross sectional view for explaining a cover member in a vaporization apparatus of a low temperature liquefied gas according to another embodiment.
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes in the vaporization apparatus of the low temperature liquefied gas according to another embodiment.
11 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining a conventional vaporization apparatus.
12 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining a conventional vaporization apparatus.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one Embodiment of this invention is described, referring an accompanying drawing.

The low temperature liquefied gas vaporization apparatus according to the present embodiment (hereinafter, simply referred to as "vaporizer") is a so-called open rack type that vaporizes the low temperature liquefied gas by heat-exchanging the supplied low temperature liquefied gas with an external heat exchange liquid. Vaporizer (ORV). The vaporization apparatus of this embodiment vaporizes liquefied natural gas (LNG). In addition, the liquid for heat exchangers used in this embodiment is seawater.

Specifically, as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the vaporization apparatus includes a plurality of vaporization pipe blocks 11, two distribution pipes 12, a collection pipe 14, and seawater as shown in Figs. A supply part (liquid supply part) 30 is provided. The distribution pipe 12 distributes LNG to each vaporization pipe block 11. The collecting tube 14 collects LNG (natural gas NG) vaporized in each vaporizing tube block 11. The seawater supply unit 30 supplies seawater to the upper portion of the vaporization pipe panel 16 to flow down the surface of each vaporization pipe panel 16. In addition, the number of the vaporization pipe blocks 11 provided in the vaporization apparatus 10 is not limited to plurality, One may be sufficient as it.

Hereinafter, each structure is demonstrated in detail.

Each vaporization pipe block 11 has a plurality of vaporization pipe panels 16, five pieces in this embodiment, a supply side manifold 17, and a delivery side manifold 19, respectively. The number of vaporizing tube panels 16 included in one vaporizing tube block 11 is not limited to five sheets, and the number of other vaporizing tubes may be different.

Each vaporization pipe panel 16 has a plurality of vaporization pipes (heat pipes) 21 and supply-side headers (distribution pipes between the gas pipes) 22 arranged in a vertical posture on a vertical plane. ), A heat transfer suppression unit 23, and a delivery-side header 24, respectively. In addition, the number of the vaporization pipe | tube 21 contained in one vaporization pipe | tube panel 16 is not limited to 90, The other number may be sufficient as it.

Each vaporization tube 21 is a tube formed of a metal material having high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and extending in the vertical direction.

The supply side header 22 distributes LNG from the supply side manifold 17 to each vaporization pipe 21. Specifically, the supply side header 22 is a tube extending in the horizontal direction along the vertical plane on which the vaporization tube 21 is arranged. Like the vaporization pipe 21, this supply side header 22 is also formed with the metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The supply side header 22 is connected with the lower end part of each vaporization pipe 21 contained in one vaporization pipe panel 16, respectively. In addition, the supply side header 22 has a header inner tube 50 therein. In the supply-side header 22, one end thereof is connected to the supply-side manifold 17 so that LNG is supplied from the supply-side manifold 17 via the header inner tube 50 disposed therein.

The header inner tube 50 is a tubular member extending along the feed side header 22 and is arranged inside the feed side header 22 so as to be coaxial with the feed side header 22 (see FIG. 3). The outer diameter of this header inner tube 50 is smaller than the inner diameter of the supply side header 22. As a result, when the header inner tube 50 is disposed inside the supply side header 22, a predetermined space is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the header inner tube 50 and the inner circumferential surface of the supply side header 22. And the header inner pipe 50 is connected to the supply side manifold 17 so that LNG may be supplied in it. The header inner tube 50 has a hole 51 at a position corresponding to each vaporizing tube 21 of the tube wall (peripheral wall) in the axial direction of the header inner tube 50. A plurality of holes (four holes in the present embodiment) 51 are formed at positions corresponding to the respective vaporization tubes 21 in the axial direction. Specifically, each of these holes 51 is a hole corresponding to each vaporizing pipe 21 in the axial direction (in this embodiment, a position below the respective vaporizing pipe 21). The center of the 51 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the header inner tube 50 so as to be located at the lower half of the header inner tube 50.

In this way, the header inner tube 50 is provided inside the supply-side header 22 to form a double tube structure, and the plurality of holes 51 correspond to the respective vaporization tubes 21 of the header inner tube 50. By being formed in each position, the flow volume of LNG distributed to each vaporization pipe 21 is equalized.

Further, the plurality of holes 51 are formed at positions corresponding to the respective vaporizing pipes 21 of the header inner pipe 50, so that the flow of the LNG flowing into the respective vaporizing pipes 21 becomes uniform. Specifically, when LNG flowing out from the plurality of holes 51 at positions corresponding to each vaporization pipe 21 flows between the supply-side header 22 and the header inner tube 50 toward the vaporization pipe 21. After flowing toward the upper side in the circumferential direction of the supply-side header 22, the gas flows into the vaporization pipe 21. As a result, LNG flows out of a hole formed in the upper portion of the header inner tube 50 (for example, a position facing the lower end of the vaporizing tube 21, etc.) and flows directly into the vaporizing tube 21 as compared with the case where LNG flows straight into the vaporizing tube 21. The flow of LNG becomes uniform.

The heat transfer suppressing portions 23 are provided at both ends of the supply side header 22. The heat transfer suppressing unit 23 suppresses the amount of heat transfer per unit area from the seawater in the supply header 22. Specifically, the heat transfer suppressing unit 23 has heat in the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 30 in the entire region (total) of the second region A2 of the supply-side header 22. The amount of heat transfer per unit area at the time of heat transfer to is suppressed.

Here, the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 is the area | region (first area | region) A1 in which the some vaporization pipe 21 in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the supply side header 22 is arrange | positioned. Is an area outside (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

The 1st area | region A1 is an area | region where the vaporization pipe 21 is arrange | positioned in the longitudinal direction of the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. That is, it is the area | region from the vaporization pipe | tube 21 of the one end of the several vaporization pipe | tube 21 arrange | positioned along the supply side header 22 to the vaporization pipe 21 of the other end in the said longitudinal direction. In addition, 2nd area | region A2 is an area | region of the outer side of 1st area | region A1 in the said longitudinal direction. For example, when the vaporization pipe block 11 is arrange | positioned in the room H (refer FIG. 6), the 2nd area | region A2 is other than the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22, and is indoors. It is the site where it is located. Moreover, in this case, each vaporization pipe block 11 is arrange | positioned so that the edge part on the opposite side to the supply side manifold 17 of the supply side header 22 may be located in the room H. As shown in FIG.

In more detail, 2nd area | region A2 is located in supply side manifold 17 side (left side in FIG. 3) with respect to 1st area | region A1 in the said longitudinal direction. ) And a second region A2 located on the side opposite to the supply side manifold 17 with respect to the first region A1 (right side in FIG. 3). The second area A2 on the opposite side is an area from the outside of the vaporization pipe 21 disposed at the right end of the plurality of vaporization pipes 21 to the right end of the supply-side header 22 in FIG. 4. In addition, the 2nd area | region A2 of the said supply side manifold 17 side is the vaporization pipe block 11 from the outer side of the vaporization pipe 21 arrange | positioned at the left end of the some vaporization pipe 21 in FIG. ) Is an area up to the partition wall H1 of the room H in which () is disposed (see FIGS. 1, 3, and 6).

The heat transfer suppression part 23 of this embodiment is a heat insulation member which surrounds the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. The thermal conductivity of the heat insulation member 23 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the supply side header 22 (in detail, the pipe wall of the supply side header 22). This heat insulation member 23 is formed of the tape of foam plastics, such as urethane foam wound around the supply side header 22 so that the surface of the 2nd area | region A2 may be covered. In detail, the said tape has predetermined elasticity. And in the whole area | region of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply-side header 22 until the thickness from the surface (outer peripheral surface) in the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply-side header 22 becomes 1.5 mm, for example. It is wound up repeatedly. In addition, the thickness of the heat insulation member 23 is a temperature difference between the seawater which flows toward the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22, and the seawater which flows down to the 2nd area | region A2, and the heat insulation member 23 of the heat insulation member 23. It is suitably set based on thermal conductivity and the like.

This heat insulation member 23 is provided only in 2nd area | region A2 in the supply side header 22, and is not provided in 1st area | region A1. That is, the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22 is the state exposed to the outside, and the 2nd area | region A2 is the state covered by the heat insulation member 23 in the whole area.

The heat insulating member 23 is provided in the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22, whereby the seawater in the first area A1 of the supply-side header 22 (in detail, from the seawater supply unit 30). Compared with the heat transfer rate from the supplied seawater, the heat transfer rate from the seawater in the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 is suppressed. Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater which flows toward a 2nd area | region is higher than the temperature of the seawater which flows from the seawater supply part 30 toward the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22, 2nd area | region A2 It is prevented that the temperature of the tube wall of the temperature becomes higher than the temperature of the tube wall of the first area A1 of the supply-side header 22.

Moreover, since the heat insulation member 23 is formed of the said elastic tape, it has predetermined elasticity. Therefore, even if the supply side header 22 thermally expands and contracts, the heat insulation member 23 itself also expands and contracts with this thermal expansion and contraction. This effectively prevents damage such as tearing of the heat insulating member 23 due to thermal expansion and contraction of the supply-side header 22 (particularly, thermal expansion and contraction in the radial direction of the supply-side header 22).

The delivery-side header 24 collects LNG vaporized in each vaporization pipe 21, and sends it to the delivery-side manifold 19. FIG. This delivery side header 24 is a tube extended in parallel with the supply side header 22. The delivery side header 24 is connected to the upper end part of each vaporization pipe 21 contained in one vaporization pipe panel 16, and the delivery side manifold 19. As shown in FIG.

The plurality of vaporization pipe panels 16 configured as described above are arranged in a direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2) orthogonal to the panel surface (the vertical plane on which the vaporization pipes 21 are arranged) so as to be in a posture parallel to each other.

The supply side manifold 17 distributes LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to each vaporization pipe panel 16. This supply side manifold 17 is a pipe extended in the direction which intersects the supply side header 22 (in this embodiment, the direction orthogonal to orthogonal: the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3). The supply-side manifold 17 is connected to each supply-side header 22 and the distribution pipe 12 included in one vaporization pipe block 11, respectively.

The delivery side manifold 19 collects LNG vaporized in each vaporization pipe panel 16 (that is, NG), and sends it to the collection pipe 14. This delivery side manifold 19 is a pipe extended in the direction which intersects the delivery side header 24 (in this embodiment, the direction orthogonal to orthogonal direction: the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3). And the sending side manifold 19 is connected to each sending side header 24 contained in one vaporization pipe block 11, and the collection pipe 14, respectively.

The distribution tube 12 is a tube extending substantially parallel to the supply side manifold 17. This distribution pipe 12 is connected to each supply side manifold 17, respectively. Moreover, the distribution pipe 12 has the supply side connection part 12a to which the piping P1 for supplying LNG to the said vaporization apparatus 10 from the exterior is connected.

The collecting tube 14 is a tube extending substantially parallel to the delivery side manifold 19. This collecting pipe 14 is connected to each delivery side manifold 19, respectively. Moreover, the collection pipe | tube 14 has the sending side connection part 14a to which the piping P2 for sending NG to the exterior of a consumer etc. is connected.

The seawater supply unit 30 includes a trough 31, a seawater header 32, and a seawater manifold 33 (see FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B). The trough 31 is arrange | positioned in the vicinity of the upper end part of each vaporization pipe panel 16. As shown in FIG. The troughs 31 are each vaporized tube panel 16 so that seawater flows down along the surface of the vaporized tube panel 16 (in detail, each vapor tube 21 constituting the vapor tube panel 16). Supply seawater at the top of the Seawater (media outside of the vaporization pipe 21) flowing from the trough 31 and flowing down the surface of the vaporization pipe panel 16, and LNG flowing through each vaporization pipe 21 are vaporized pipe 21. Heat exchange through the pipe wall. As a result, LNG is vaporized into NG. In addition, the seawater header 32 supplies seawater to each trough 31. In addition, the seawater manifold 33 distributes seawater to each seawater header 32.

Each vaporization pipe block 11 of the vaporization apparatus 10 comprised in this way is arrange | positioned in the room H enclosed by the walls, such as concrete, respectively, as shown in FIG. Specifically, each vaporization pipe block 11 has a room H such that the supply-side manifold 17 and the delivery-side manifold 19 in the vaporization pipe block 11 are located outside the room H. ) Is arranged in. This room H has the partition H1 which partitions between the vaporization pipe 21 and the supply side manifold 17 indoors and outdoors in the longitudinal direction of the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. And the supply side header 22 penetrates the partition wall H1 in the site | part between the edge part (end part by the supply side manifold 17 side) and the vaporization pipe 21 located in the said end side, The sending side header 24 penetrates the partition wall H1 in the site | part between the edge part (end part on the sending side manifold 19 side), and the vaporization pipe 21 located in the said end side. In each pipe 12, 14, 17, 19 arranged outside the room H, a heat insulating member is provided to cover the entire surface thereof.

The vaporization apparatus 10 comprised as mentioned above vaporizes LNG as follows.

Seawater is supplied from the trough 31 to the surface of each vapor tube panel 16. In addition, LNG is supplied to the distribution pipe 12 through the pipe P1 connected to the supply side connection part 12a from a supply pump or the like. The distribution pipe 12 distributes LNG supplied by a supply pump or the like to each supply side manifold 17 connected to the distribution pipe 12. Each supply side manifold 17 distributes LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to each supply side header 22 connected to the said supply side manifold 17, respectively. Each supply side header 22 distributes the supplied LNG to each vaporization pipe 21 connected to the said supply side header 22. In each vaporization pipe 21, LNG supplied from the supply-side header 22 flows from the lower end of the vaporization pipe 21 toward the upper end. At this time, LNG which flows inside the vaporization pipe 21 heat-exchanges through the seawater which flows down the surface of the vaporization pipe 21, and the pipe wall of the said vaporization pipe 21. FIG. By this heat exchange, LNG vaporizes and becomes NG.

When LNG is vaporized in this vaporization apparatus 10, the seawater supply part 30 is not only the area | region in which the vaporization pipe 21 of the vaporization pipe panel 16 was installed, but also the width direction [the vaporization pipe panel 16 correspondingly. Seawater is also supplied to an area outside of the arrangement direction of the vaporization pipe 21 in Fig. 11). This is in order to make contact with seawater sufficiently in the whole circumference also in the vaporization pipe 21 located in the said width direction both ends. Thereby, when LNG vaporizes and turns into NG, ie, during operation of the vaporization apparatus 10, the seawater which flows down along the vaporization pipe panel 16 toward the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22 is carried out. Is sufficiently low when it flows down to the position of the supply-side header 22 by heat exchange with LNG in the vaporization pipe 21. On the contrary, in seawater flowing down the outside of the vaporization pipe (that is, flowing down toward the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22), since it flows down with little heat exchange with LNG in the vaporization pipe 21, The temperature at the time of reaching the position of the supply-side header 22 is higher than the seawater flowing down toward the first area A1. Therefore, if the heat insulation member (heat transfer suppression part) 23 is not provided in the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22, for example, the 1st area | region of the supply side header 22 by heat exchange with this seawater ( The tube wall of the second region A2 is hotter than the tube wall of A1). For this reason, the LNG (in detail, the header inner tube 50) supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 adjacent to the 2nd area | region A2 (end position vaporization pipe 21 of the width direction of the said vaporization pipe panel) is supplied. When flowing out from the hole 51 and flowing between the header inner tube 50 and the supply header 22 toward the vaporization tube 21, LNG flowing toward the upper direction in the main direction of the supply header 22 is a first region. It becomes high temperature compared with LNG supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 of the center part position of (A1). However, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, since the heat insulation member 23 is provided in the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22, in the pipe wall of the said 2nd area | region A2. The amount of heat transfer per unit area from seawater with high temperature is suppressed. Thereby, between LNG supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 adjacent to the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22, and LNG supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 of the center part position of 1st area | region A1. The occurrence of a difference in temperature is prevented.

LNG vaporized in each vaporization pipe | tube 21, ie, NG, is collected by the sending side header 24, and is sent out to the sending side manifold 19. As shown in FIG. The NG sent to the delivery side manifold 19 is routed through the collecting pipe 14 and is sent out to the consumer office via the pipe P2 connected to the delivery side connecting portion 14a.

According to the vaporization apparatus 10 described above, even if the temperature of the seawater flowing toward the second area A2 is higher than the temperature of the seawater flowing toward the first area A1 of the supply-side header 22, the heat insulating member ( By the heat transfer suppressing unit 23, the whole of the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 (the material of the supply-side header 22 in the room H in which each vaporization pipe block 11 is accommodated). The amount of heat transfer per unit area from seawater in one area | region other than A1] is suppressed. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the 2nd area | region A2 from becoming higher temperature than the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22 by other seawater of the said temperature. Thereby, it distributes to the LNG distribute | arranged to the vaporization pipe 21 of the end position in the horizontal direction (width direction) of the vaporization pipe panel 16, and the vaporization pipe 21 of the center part position in the said horizontal direction. The difference in the temperature of LNG which is made is suppressed. As a result, the curvature of the supply side header 22 resulting from the amount of thermal expansion and contraction of each vaporization pipe 21 is prevented.

In addition, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the whole area | region (whole) of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 is surrounded by the heat insulation member 23. Moreover, as shown in FIG. For this reason, the heat transfer amount per unit area from the seawater in the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 is equal to the heat transfer amount per unit area from the seawater in the first area A1 of the supply-side header 22. In comparison, it is easily and surely suppressed.

In addition, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, since the heat insulation member 23 has predetermined elasticity, the damage of the heat insulation member 23 by the thermal expansion and contraction of the supply side header 22 is prevented. Specifically, the supply-side header 22 is thermally expanded and contracted by the temperature difference between the operation of the vaporization apparatus 10 and the stop of the vaporization apparatus 10. For this reason, the heat insulation member 23 which surrounds the said supply side header 22 expands and contracts according to the thermal expansion and contraction of the said supply side header 22 by having predetermined elasticity. This effectively prevents damage to the heat insulating member 23 due to thermal expansion and contraction (particularly, thermal expansion and contraction in the radial direction) of the supply-side header 22.

Example 1

In order to confirm the effect of a heat insulation member, the vaporization apparatus of the same structure as the said vaporization apparatus 10 except the heat insulation member 23 is used, and it flows through the 2nd area | region of the supply side header 22 during operation of the said vaporization apparatus. The temperature of the LNG was investigated.

The supply side header of this vaporization apparatus is made from aluminum whose outer diameter is 165.2 mm. The heat transfer rate of the supply header is 5000 W / mK. The thermal conductivity of the heat insulating member is 1 W / mK.

The supply-side header is supplied with LNG having a temperature of -145 ° C to the supply side header, and there is no heat insulation member, a heat insulation member having a thickness of 0.5 mm and a heat insulation member having a thickness of 1.5 mm. The temperature of LNG flowing through two zones was measured. The result is shown in FIG.

As can be seen from this figure, the heat insulation member is installed in the second region of the supply-side header even in the case of a thin heat insulation member, as compared with a state in which the heat insulation member is not provided, so that the temperature rise due to the seawater of LNG flowing inside is increased. It was confirmed that it was suppressed.

Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater which flows toward a 2nd area | region is higher than the temperature of the seawater which flows toward a 1st area | region, by providing a heat insulation member in a 2nd area | region, the 1st area | region and 2nd in a supply side header It was confirmed that the temperature difference between the regions was suppressed.

In addition, the vaporization apparatus of the low temperature liquefied gas of this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, various changes can be added within the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

The specific structure of the heat insulating member 23 is not limited. For example, although the heat insulating member 23 of the said embodiment is comprised by the tape made of foam plastics, such as a urethane foam, being wound up (wound) overlapping the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22, It is not limited to this. That is, as shown in Fig. 8, the heat insulating member is formed of a material having a small thermal conductivity (for example, a resin such as silicone or polyvinyl chloride, or a resin woven from foamed resin, glass fiber, rubber, etc.). The cylindrical members 23A and 23B having a shape or a bottom may be used. 23 A of this cylindrical heat insulation member and 23 B of bottomed cylindrical heat insulation members are diameter (inner diameter) corresponding to the diameter (outer diameter) of the outer peripheral surface of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22, Or each has the inner peripheral surface 123 of the said inner diameter larger than the said outer diameter. And 23 A of cylindrical heat insulation members are covered by the circumference | surroundings of the 2nd area | region A2 by the supply side manifold 17 side in the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, the bottomed cylindrical heat insulating member 23B is covered by the 2nd area | region A2 on the opposite side to the supply side manifold 17 in the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the whole area | region of the 2nd area | region A2 is surrounded by the heat insulation member 23A, 23B.

In addition, the heat insulation member may be formed of foamed plastics, such as urethane foam, injected into the surface of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 until it became predetermined thickness.

In addition, a heat transfer suppression part is not limited to the structure which surrounds the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22. As shown in FIG. For example, the heat transfer suppressing portion is disposed above the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 and has a shape covering the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 in plan view. 60 (refer FIG. 9) may be sufficient. The cover member 60 has a width (horizontal width) that is larger than the outer diameter of the supply-side header 22 so as to cover the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 in plan view. And the cover member 60 is arrange | positioned at the upper side of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 at intervals (or contacting) with the said 2nd area | region A2. According to such a structure, the seawater which flows outward from the vaporization pipe of the end position in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of a supply side header, and heat exchange with the LNG which flows in the said vaporization pipe is hardly performed, Touching two areas can be prevented. Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater which flows toward the 2nd area | region A2 is higher than the temperature of the seawater which flows toward the 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22, the 1st area | region of the supply side header 22 It is possible to prevent the difference in temperature from occurring between (A1) and the second region A2. That is, the cover member 60 is provided to prevent the seawater flowing from the seawater supply unit 30 from reaching the second area A2 of the supply side header 22, Making it difficult to transfer heat from the seawater to the inside. Thus, the temperature difference of LNG which flows in the 1st area | region A1 and the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 may be suppressed.

In addition, the pipe wall of the 2nd area | region A2 of a supply side header may be comprised with the raw material whose thermal conductivity is smaller than the pipe wall of the 1st area | region A1. Specifically, for example, the tube wall of the first region A1 is formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, as in the first embodiment, and the tube wall of the second region A2 is formed of iron or the like. It may be formed by SUS. Thereby, the thermal conductivity in the pipe wall of the 2nd area | region A2 becomes small compared with the thermal conductivity in the pipe wall of the 1st area | region A1 of a supply side header. For this reason, even if the seawater which is higher in temperature than the 1st area | region A1 in a supply side header touches 2nd area | region A2, the temperature of LNG which flows inside the 1st area | region A1 of a supply side header, and a 2nd area | region The temperature difference is prevented from occurring between the temperatures of LNG flowing through the inside of A2. As a result, the curvature of the supply side header resulting from this temperature difference is prevented.

In addition, only the pipe wall in the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 may be comprised by layer in the thickness direction of the said pipe wall. According to this structure, the thermal conductivity from the surface (outer peripheral surface) of the 2nd area | region A2 of a supply side header to the inside (inner peripheral surface of the supply side header) of the said 2nd area | region A2 is suppressed, and supply side header 22 is thereby carried out. The thermal conductivity (equivalent thermal conductivity) of the tube wall of 2nd area | region A2 of () becomes smaller than the thermal conductivity of the tube wall of 1st area | region A1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the pipe wall in the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 consists of several layer (two layers in the example of FIG. 10), and between each layer is air Alternatively, the heat conduction inhibiting layer 62 filled with the heat insulating member is formed. Even with such a structure, the thermal conductivity (equivalent thermal conductivity) in the pipe wall of the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 becomes smaller than the thermal conductivity in the pipe wall of the 1st area | region A1. In addition, three or more layers may be sufficient as the layer which comprises a pipe wall.

In addition, although the header inner tube 50 is provided in the supply side header 22 in the said embodiment, it is not limited to this structure. That is, the header inner tube 50 may not be provided and LNG may be directly supplied from the supply side manifold 17 to the supply side header 22.

[Outline of Embodiment]

The above embodiments are summarized as follows.

That is, in the vaporization apparatus of the low temperature liquefied gas according to the above embodiment, the low temperature liquefied gas is an apparatus for vaporizing the low temperature liquefied gas, and the low temperature liquefied gas is extended by the heat exchange between the low temperature liquefied gas and an external medium extending in the vertical direction. And a plurality of vaporization pipes for distributing the low temperature liquefied gas to the respective vaporization pipes, each of the vaporization pipes being arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane, and between the vaporization pipes. A vaporization pipe panel extending in a horizontal direction and connected to lower ends of the respective vaporization pipes, and a liquid supply part supplying liquid for heat exchange from an upper end of the vaporization pipe panel so as to flow along the plurality of vaporization pipes; The liquid for heat exchange in the first region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes in which the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged. The amount of heat transfer per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the second area of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes located outside the first area in the horizontal direction is equal to or less than the heat transfer amount per unit area from the same degree. It is provided with a heat transfer suppressing portion for suppressing. In addition, when heat transfers from the liquid for heat exchange to the low temperature liquefied gas which flows through the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes, the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas which flows in the 2nd area | region of the distribution pipes between vaporization pipes is made into the same degree. It includes not only the temperature equal to or lower than the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas flowing in one region, but also the case of slightly higher temperature than the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas flowing in the first region to such an extent that it does not affect the bending of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes. .

According to such a structure, even if the temperature of the liquid for heat exchange which flows down toward the 2nd area | region of the intergas pipe distribution pipe is high compared with the temperature of the liquid for heat exchange which flows toward the 1st area | region of the intergas pipe distribution pipe, heat transfer suppression part As a result, the amount of heat transfer per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the second region is suppressed. For this reason, it is prevented that a 2nd area | region becomes higher temperature than the 1st area | region of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes by the other heat exchange liquid of the said temperature. Thereby, the low temperature liquefied gas distributed to the vaporization pipe of the end position in the horizontal direction of a vaporization pipe panel from the inter-vapor pipe distribution pipe, and the low temperature liquefied gas distributed to the vaporization pipe of a central part position from the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes. The difference in temperature is suppressed, and curvature of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes resulting from the amount of thermal expansion and contraction of each vaporization pipe is prevented.

Moreover, in the vaporization apparatus of the low temperature liquefied gas which concerns on said embodiment, the said heat transfer suppression part is a heat insulation member surrounding the 2nd area | region of the distribution pipe between said vaporization pipe | tubes, and the thermal conductivity of the said heat insulation member of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes is It is smaller than the thermal conductivity.

According to this structure, the heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the second region can be easily and reliably suppressed, compared to the heat transfer amount per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the first region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes. Can be.

In this case, it is preferable that the said heat insulating member has predetermined elasticity.

According to this structure, the damage of the heat insulation member by the thermal expansion and contraction of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes is prevented. In detail, the heat insulation member surrounding the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes has predetermined elasticity. Therefore, the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes is heated by the temperature difference between the state in which the low temperature liquefied gas flows (that is, during operation of the vaporizer) and the state in which the low temperature liquefied gas does not flow (that is, the stop of the vaporizer). When it expands and contracts, a heat insulation member expands and contracts according to the thermal expansion and contraction of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes. This effectively prevents damage to the heat insulating member due to thermal expansion and contraction (particularly, thermal expansion and contraction in the radial direction) of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes.

The heat transfer suppressing portion may be disposed above the second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes, and may be a cover member having a shape covering the second region of the distribution pipe in plan view.

According to such a constitution, the heat exchange between the vaporizing tube and the vaporizing tube is performed by flowing the vaporizing tube outside the vaporizing tube at the end position in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the vaporizing tube and performing heat exchange with the low temperature liquefied gas flowing in the vaporizing tube The liquid can be prevented from reaching the second region of the vaporizing tube distribution pipe. This prevents the difference in temperature between the first region and the second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes.

Moreover, when the site | part between the end part in the said vaporization pipe | tube distribution pipe | tube, and the vaporization pipe located in the said end side penetrates a partition wall, the said 2nd area | region is the machine located in the said partition wall and the said end side It is an area to a corolla.

Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, this invention is an apparatus for vaporizing low temperature liquefied gas, and vaporizes the said low temperature liquefied gas by the heat exchange of the said low temperature liquefied gas and an external medium which flows in a vertical direction and flows inside. And a plurality of vaporization pipes for distributing the low temperature liquefied gas to the respective vaporization pipes respectively, wherein the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a specific vertical surface and are further distributed between the vaporization pipes. A vaporization pipe panel extending in the horizontal direction and connected to the lower ends of the respective vaporization pipes, respectively, and a liquid supply part for supplying a liquid for heat exchange from the upper end of the vaporization pipe panel so as to flow along the plurality of vaporization pipes. And the said intergasification pipe distribution pipe located in the said horizontal direction outside the said 1st area | region rather than the pipe wall heat conductivity in the 1st area | region of the said intergasification pipe distribution pipe in which the said several vaporization pipe | tube is arrange | positioned, The thermal conductivity of the pipe wall in two areas is small.

According to such a structure, since the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall of a 2nd area | region is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall of a 1st area | region of an inter-gas pipe | tube distribution pipe | tube, the liquid for heat exchange which has a temperature higher than the 1st area | region of the distribution pipe | tube between vaporizer pipes is between vaporization pipes. Even if it touches the 2nd area | region of a distribution pipe, a temperature difference generate | occur | produces between the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas which flows inside the 1st area | region of the intergasification pipe, and the temperature of the low temperature liquefied gas which flows inside the 2nd area | region. Is prevented. As a result, the curvature of the distribution pipe between vaporization pipes resulting from this temperature difference is prevented.

As described above, the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization apparatus according to the present invention heat-exchanges low-temperature liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquid nitrogen (LN ₂ ) with a heat medium such as seawater It is useful for vaporizing, and it is suitable for suppressing the curvature of the distribution tube between vaporization tubes resulting from the difference of the temperature of the distribution tube between vaporization tubes in the longitudinal direction.

Claims (6)

Apparatus for vaporizing low temperature liquefied gas,
Between a plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporizing the low temperature liquefied gas by heat exchange between the low temperature liquefied gas and an internal medium extending in a vertical direction and between the low temperature liquefied gas and each of the vaporized tubes A vaporization pipe panel having a distribution pipe, wherein the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane, and the distribution pipes between the vaporization pipes extend in a horizontal direction and connected to lower ends of the respective vaporization pipes, respectively;
A liquid supply unit for supplying a heat exchange liquid from an upper end portion of the vaporization tube panel to flow along the plurality of vaporization tubes;
The heat transfer per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the first region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes in which the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged is located outside the first area in the horizontal direction. The vaporization apparatus of low temperature liquefied gas provided with the heat transfer suppression part for suppressing the heat transfer per unit area from the liquid for heat exchange in the 2nd area | region of the said vaporization pipe | tube distribution pipe to the same grade or less. The method of claim 1,
The heat transfer suppressing portion is a heat insulating member surrounding a second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipe,
The vaporization apparatus of low temperature liquefied gas whose heat conductivity of the said heat insulation member is smaller than the heat conductivity of the distribution pipe between said vaporization pipes. 3. The method of claim 2,
The said heat insulation member is a vaporization apparatus of low temperature liquefied gas which has predetermined elasticity. The method of claim 1,
And the heat transfer suppressing portion is a cover member which is disposed above the second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes and has a shape covering the second region of the distribution pipe in plan view. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A portion between the end portion of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes and the vaporization pipe located on the end side passes through the partition wall;
The said 2nd area | region is the area | region to the said vapor deposition pipe located in the said partition wall and the said end side, The vaporization apparatus of low temperature liquefied gas. Apparatus for vaporizing low temperature liquefied gas,
Between a plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporizing the low temperature liquefied gas by heat exchange between the low temperature liquefied gas and an internal medium extending in a vertical direction and between the low temperature liquefied gas and each of the vaporized tubes A vaporizing tube panel having a distribution tube, wherein the plurality of vaporizing tubes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a specific vertical plane, and the distribution tubes between the vaporizing tubes extend in a horizontal direction and connected to lower ends of the respective vaporizing tubes, respectively;
It is provided with a liquid supply for supplying a liquid for heat exchange from the upper end of the vaporization tube panel to flow along the plurality of vaporization tube,
A second of the inter-gap distribution pipe located outside the first area in the horizontal direction than the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall in the first area of the inter-gas distribution pipe in which the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged. A vaporization apparatus for a low temperature liquefied gas having a low thermal conductivity of a pipe wall in a region.

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