WO2012120580A1

WO2012120580A1 - Gasification device for low-temperature liquefied gas

Info

Publication number: WO2012120580A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/007075
Authority: WO
Inventors: 西村　真; 光一新開
Original assignee: 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Priority date: 2011-03-10
Filing date: 2011-12-19
Publication date: 2012-09-13
Also published as: EP2672213A4; KR101489114B1; EP2672213A1; CN103403483B; JP5714944B2; KR20130132638A; JP2012189125A; EP2672213B1; CN103403483A

Abstract

Provided is a gasification device for low-temperature liquefied gas for which curvature of the inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes caused by changes in the temperature of the inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes in the lengthwise direction does not easily occur. This gasification device has multiple gasification pipes (21), and inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes (22) that distribute a low-temperature liquefied gas to these gasification pipes (21), and is characterized by being equipped with: gasification pipe panels (16), for which multiple gasification pipes (21) are aligned in the horizontal direction in a vertical plane, and inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes (22) extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the lower ends of each of the gasification pipes (21); a liquid supply unit (30) that supplies a heat exchange-use liquid from the upper ends of the gasification pipe panels (16) such that the liquid flows down along the multiple gasification pipes (21); and heat transfer reduction units (23) for the purpose of reducing, with respect to the heat transfer rate from the heat exchange-use liquid in a first region (A1) of the inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes (22) on which the multiple gasification pipes (21) are arranged, the overall heat transfer rate from the heat exchange-use liquid in a second region (A2) of the inter-gasification-pipe distribution pipes (22) that is outside of the first region (A1).

Description

Low temperature liquefied gas vaporizer

The present invention relates to a vaporizer for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or liquid nitrogen (LN ₂ ) by heat exchange with a heat medium such as seawater. It is.

Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a vaporizer (ORV) that vaporizes liquefied natural gas (LNG) by heat exchange with seawater (heat exchange liquid) is known.

As shown in FIG. 11, the vaporizer includes a vaporization tube panel 102 that extends along a specific vertical plane, and a seawater supply unit 104 that supplies seawater to the vaporization tube panel 102.

The vaporization tube panel 102 has a plurality of vaporization tubes (heat transfer tubes) 106 and a distribution pipe (supply-side header) 108 between the vaporization tubes. The seawater supply unit 104 supplies seawater from the upper end of the vaporization tube panel 102 so as to flow down along the surface of the vaporization tube panel 102.

Each vaporization tube 106 extends in the vertical direction, and vaporizes liquefied natural gas (low-temperature liquefied gas) flowing inside by heat exchange with an external medium. The plurality of vaporization tubes 106 included in the vaporization tube panel 102 are arranged in the horizontal direction on the specific vertical plane so as to be parallel to each other. The inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 distributes liquefied natural gas to the vaporization pipes 106 in the vaporization pipe panel 102. This inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 extends in the horizontal direction, and is connected to the lower end of each vaporization pipe 106 included in the vaporization pipe panel 102.

In such a vaporizer 100, the vaporizer pipe distribution pipe 108 distributes the liquefied natural gas to the vaporizer tubes 106, and the distributed liquefied natural gas rises in the vaporizer tubes 106. At the same time, the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 104 flows down along the vaporization pipe 106 outside the vaporization pipe 106. At this time, in each vaporization tube 106, the liquefied natural gas and seawater exchange heat via a tube wall that separates the inside and the outside of the vaporization tube 106. Thereby, liquefied natural gas is vaporized and becomes natural gas (NG).

Also, a vaporizer described in Patent Document 2 is known. In this vaporizer, as shown in FIG. 12, a waterproof cover 110 is put on the upper side of the first region a1 of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. This waterproof cover 110 prevents seawater from directly hitting the first region a1 of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108. Thereby, the calorie | heat amount fluctuation | variation of the liquefied natural gas (vaporized liquefied natural gas) in case the temperature of seawater is comparatively high and load is small can be suppressed.

In the vaporization apparatus of Patent Document 1, when the low-temperature liquefied gas (liquefied natural gas) is vaporized, the longitudinal end of the distribution pipe 108 in the distribution pipe 108 (area a2 in FIG. 11) A difference in temperature occurs in the central portion (region a2 in FIG. 11). When such a temperature difference arises, the distribution pipe | tube 108 between vaporization tubes may curve by the difference in the amount of thermal expansion / contraction of each vaporization pipe 106 resulting from this. As a result, bending occurs in the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108, and stress is generated at the joint portion between the vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 and each vaporization pipe 106.

Specifically, in the longitudinal direction of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108, the outside of the area a1 where the plurality of vaporization pipes 106 are arranged becomes higher than the temperature of the area a1. That is, the temperature of the end a2 in the longitudinal direction of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 becomes higher than the temperature of the region a1. This is due to the following reason.

When the heat exchange liquid (seawater) flowing down the first region a1 along the vaporization tube panel 102 flows down to the intervaporization pipe distribution pipe 108, the temperature is sufficiently low by heat exchange with the low-temperature liquefied gas in the vaporization pipe 106. It has become. On the other hand, the heat exchange liquid flowing down the outside of the vaporization tube panel 102 in the longitudinal direction flows down with little heat exchange with the low-temperature liquefied gas in the vaporization tube 106, and therefore reaches the intervaporization pipe distribution pipe 108. In this case, the temperature of the heat exchange liquid is higher than that of the heat exchange liquid flowing down the first region a1.

As described above, when a temperature difference occurs between the first region a1 and the second region a2 in the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108, the vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 leads to the vaporization pipe 106 at the end portion in the longitudinal direction. There is a difference between the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas distributed and the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas distributed to the vaporization pipe 106 at the central position in the longitudinal direction of the first region a1. As a result, a difference in thermal expansion and contraction occurs between the vaporization pipe 106 at the end position and the vaporization pipe 106 at the central position, and thereby the vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 is bent.

On the other hand, in the vaporizer described in Patent Document 2, the waterproof cover 110 prevents the heat exchange liquid from directly hitting the first region a1 of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108. However, the waterproof cover 110 covers only the portion adjacent to the vaporizing tube 106 at the end position in the horizontal direction in the second region a2 of the inter-vaporizing tube distribution pipe 108. Therefore, also in the vaporizer, the heat exchange liquid that does not exchange heat with the low-temperature liquefied gas (high temperature) hits the second region a2 of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108. For this reason, also in the said vaporization apparatus, a temperature difference arises between 1st area | region a1 and 2nd area | region a2 of the distribution pipe | tube 108 between vaporization pipes. As a result, also in the vaporizer described in Patent Document 2, as with the vaporizer described in Patent Document 1, there is a concern that the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe 108 is bent.

JP-A-57-57998 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-183970

An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas in which bending of the pipe between the vaporization pipes is unlikely to occur due to a difference in temperature in the longitudinal direction of the pipe between the vaporization pipes.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas, wherein the low-temperature liquefied gas is exchanged by heat exchange between the low-temperature liquefied gas extending in the vertical direction and flowing inside and an external medium. A plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporization, and an inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to each of the vaporization tubes, wherein the plurality of vaporization tubes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane and the vaporization tubes A vaporization tube panel in which an intermediate pipe extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to a lower end portion of each vaporization tube, and a heat exchange liquid from the upper end portion of the vaporization tube panel so as to flow down along the plurality of vaporization tubes Compared to the amount of heat transfer per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the first region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe in which the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged, and in the horizontal direction in front And a heat transfer suppressing section for suppressing heat transfer per unit area of the heat transfer fluid in the second region of the vaporizing tube during distribution pipe located outside the first region below the same level.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration perspective view of a low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (front view) showing a state of piping of the vaporizer. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram (side view) showing a state of piping of the vaporizer. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view for explaining a heat transfer suppressing portion of the vaporizer. FIG. 5A is a side view for explaining a seawater supply unit of the vaporizer, and FIG. 5B is a front view for explaining a seawater supply unit of the vaporizer. FIG. 6 is a view showing a state in which the vaporizer is installed, and is a perspective view with a part broken away. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a difference in temperature of liquefied natural gas flowing in the supply-side header depending on the thickness of the heat insulating member. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a heat insulating member (heat transfer suppressing portion) according to another embodiment. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining a cover member in the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to another embodiment. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe in the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to another embodiment. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining a conventional vaporizer. FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged perspective view for explaining a conventional vaporizer.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present embodiment (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “vaporizer”) exchanges the supplied low-temperature liquefied gas with an external heat exchange liquid, thereby It is a so-called open rack type vaporizer (ORV) that vaporizes. The vaporizer of this embodiment vaporizes liquefied natural gas (LNG). The heat exchange liquid used in the present embodiment is seawater.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the vaporizer includes a plurality (two in this embodiment) of vaporization pipe blocks 11, a distribution pipe 12, a collecting pipe 14, a seawater supply unit (liquid supply unit). Part) 30. The distribution pipe 12 distributes LNG to each vaporization pipe block 11. The collecting pipe 14 collects LNG (natural gas (NG)) vaporized in each vaporizing pipe block 11. The seawater supply unit 30 supplies seawater to the upper part of the vaporization tube panel 16 so as to flow down along the surface of each vaporization tube panel 16. In addition, the number of the vaporization pipe blocks 11 provided in the vaporizer 10 is not limited to plural, and may be one.

Hereinafter, each configuration will be described in detail.

Each vaporization pipe block 11 has a plurality (five in this embodiment) of vaporization pipe panels 16, a supply side manifold 17, and a delivery side manifold 19. The number of vaporization tube panels 16 included in one vaporization tube block 11 is not limited to five, and may be another number.

Each vaporization tube panel 16 includes a plurality (90 in this embodiment) of vaporization tubes (heat transfer tubes) 21 arranged in parallel to each other on a vertical plane, and a supply side header (distribution pipe between vaporization tubes). ) 22, a heat transfer suppression unit 23, and a delivery-side header 24. The number of vaporization tubes 21 included in one vaporization tube panel 16 is not limited to 90, and may be other numbers.

Each vaporization tube 21 is a tube formed of a metal material having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or aluminum alloy and extending in the vertical direction.

The supply side header 22 distributes the LNG from the supply side manifold 17 to the vaporization tubes 21. Specifically, the supply-side header 22 is a tube that extends in the horizontal direction along the vertical plane in which the vaporization tubes 21 are arranged. The supply side header 22 is also formed of a metal material having a high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, like the vaporization tube 21. The supply-side header 22 is connected to the lower end portion of each vaporization tube 21 included in one vaporization tube panel 16. The supply-side header 22 has a header inner pipe 50 inside thereof. The supply-side header 22 has one end connected to the supply-side manifold 17 so that LNG is supplied from the supply-side manifold 17 via the header inner pipe 50 disposed inside.

The header inner pipe 50 is a tubular member extending along the supply side header 22 and is arranged inside the supply side header 22 so as to be coaxial with the supply side header 22 (see FIG. 3). The outer diameter of the header inner tube 50 is smaller than the inner diameter of the supply-side header 22. Thereby, when the header inner pipe 50 is arranged inside the supply side header 22, a predetermined space is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the header inner pipe 50 and the inner peripheral surface of the supply side header 22. . The header inner pipe 50 is connected to the supply side manifold 17 so that LNG is supplied into the header inner pipe 50. The header inner pipe 50 has holes 51 at positions corresponding to the vaporizing pipes 21 on the pipe wall (circumferential wall) in the axial direction of the header inner pipe 50. A plurality of holes (four holes in this embodiment) 51 are provided at positions corresponding to the respective vaporizing tubes 21 in the axial direction. Specifically, the plurality of holes 51 are located in the header inner tube at the center of each hole 51 at a position corresponding to each vaporization tube 21 in the axial direction (a position below each vaporization tube 21 in the present embodiment). 50 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the header inner tube 50 so as to be positioned in the lower half of the header 50.

Thus, the header inner pipe 50 is provided inside the supply side header 22 to form a double pipe structure, and a plurality of holes 51 are provided at positions corresponding to the vaporization pipes 21 of the header inner pipe 50, respectively. As a result, the flow rate of LNG distributed to each vaporizing tube 21 is equalized.

Further, by providing the plurality of holes 51 at positions corresponding to the vaporization tubes 21 of the header inner tube 50, the flow of LNG flowing into the vaporization tubes 21 becomes uniform. Specifically, when the LNG flowing out from the plurality of holes 51 at positions corresponding to the respective vaporization tubes 21 flows toward the vaporization tube 21 between the supply-side header 22 and the header inner tube 50, the supply-side header After flowing toward the upper side in the circumferential direction of 22, it flows into the vaporizing tube 21. As a result, the flow of LNG is greater than when LNG flows out of a hole provided in the upper part of the header inner pipe 50 (for example, a position facing the lower end of the vaporizing pipe 21) and immediately flows into the vaporizing pipe 21. It becomes uniform.

The heat transfer suppression unit 23 is provided at both ends of the supply side header 22. The heat transfer suppression unit 23 suppresses the heat transfer amount per unit area from the seawater in the supply side header 22. Specifically, the heat transfer suppression unit 23 is configured to transfer the heat of the seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 30 to the second region A2 in the entire second region A2 of the supply header 22 (entire). Reduce the amount of heat transfer per unit area.

Here, the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 is an area outside the area (first area) A1 in which the plurality of vaporization tubes 21 are arranged in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the supply-side header 22. (See FIGS. 3 and 4).

1st area | region A1 is an area | region where the vaporization pipe | tube 21 is arrange | positioned in the longitudinal direction of the supply side header 22. FIG. That is, in the longitudinal direction, a region from the vaporizing tube 21 at one end to the vaporizing tube 21 at the other end of the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 arranged along the supply-side header 22. On the other hand, the second region A2 is a region outside the first region A1 in the longitudinal direction. For example, when the vaporizing tube block 11 is disposed in the room H (see FIG. 6), the second area A2 is a part located outside the first area A1 of the supply side header 22 and in the room. In this case, each vaporizing pipe block 11 is arranged such that the end of the supply side header 22 opposite to the supply side manifold 17 is located in the room H.

More specifically, the second region A2 is supplied to the first region A1 and the second region A2 located on the supply side manifold 17 side (left side in FIG. 3) with respect to the first region A1 in the longitudinal direction. There is a second region A2 located on the side opposite to the side manifold 17 (right side in FIG. 3). The second region A2 on the opposite side is a region from the outside of the vaporizing tube 21 arranged at the right end of the plurality of vaporizing tubes 21 in FIG. 4 to the right end of the supply-side header 22. Further, the second region A2 on the supply side manifold 17 side is a partition of the room H in which the vaporizing pipe block 11 is arranged from the outside of the vaporizing pipe 21 arranged at the left end of the plurality of vaporizing pipes 21 in FIG. This is the area up to the wall H1 (see FIGS. 1, 3, and 6).

The heat transfer suppressing portion 23 of the present embodiment is a heat insulating member that surrounds the second region A2 of the supply side header 22. The heat conductivity of the heat insulating member 23 is smaller than the heat conductivity of the supply side header 22 (specifically, the tube wall of the supply side header 22). The heat insulating member 23 is formed of a foamed plastic tape such as urethane foam wound around the supply side header 22 so as to cover the surface of the second region A2. Specifically, the tape has a predetermined elasticity. And it is wound in the whole area of 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 until the thickness from the surface (outer peripheral surface) in 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 becomes 1.5 mm. In addition, the thickness of the heat insulation member 23 is the temperature difference between the seawater flowing toward the first region A1 of the supply side header 22 and the seawater flowing toward the second region A2, and the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation member 23. It sets suitably based on etc.

The heat insulating member 23 is provided only in the second region A2 and not in the first region A1 in the supply side header 22. That is, the first area A1 of the supply side header 22 is exposed to the outside, and the second area A2 is covered with the heat insulating member 23 in the entire area.

By providing such a heat insulating member 23 in the second region A2 of the supply-side header 22, heat from seawater (specifically, seawater supplied from the seawater supply unit 30) in the first region A1 of the supply-side header 22 is provided. Compared with the transfer rate, the heat transfer rate from the seawater in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 is suppressed. Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater flowing down toward the second region is higher than the temperature of the seawater flowing down from the seawater supply unit 30 toward the first region A1 of the supply side header 22, the temperature of the pipe wall of the second region A2 Is prevented from becoming higher than the temperature of the tube wall in the first region A1 of the supply-side header 22.

Further, since the heat insulating member 23 is formed of the tape having elasticity, it has a predetermined elasticity. Therefore, even if the supply-side header 22 is thermally expanded and contracted, the heat insulating member 23 itself is expanded and contracted along with the thermal expansion and contraction. Thereby, damage, such as a tear of the heat insulation member 23 resulting from the thermal expansion / contraction of the supply side header 22 (especially the thermal expansion / contraction of the supply side header 22 in the radial direction), is effectively prevented.

The sending-side header 24 collects LNG vaporized in each vaporizing tube 21 and sends it to the sending-side manifold 19. The delivery side header 24 is a pipe extending in parallel with the supply side header 22. The delivery side header 24 is connected to the upper end portion of each vaporization tube 21 included in one vaporization tube panel 16 and the delivery side manifold 19.

The plurality of vaporization tube panels 16 configured as described above are arranged in a direction (left and right direction in FIG. 2) orthogonal to the panel surface (the vertical surface on which the vaporization tubes 21 are arranged) so as to be parallel to each other. Yes.

The supply side manifold 17 distributes the LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to each vaporization pipe panel 16. The supply-side manifold 17 is a tube extending in a direction intersecting with the supply-side header 22 (in the present embodiment, a direction substantially orthogonal to the sheet: a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3). The supply side manifold 17 is connected to each supply side header 22 and the distribution pipe 12 included in one vaporization pipe block 11.

The delivery-side manifold 19 collects LNG (that is, NG) vaporized in each vaporization tube panel 16 and sends it to the collecting tube 14. The delivery-side manifold 19 is a tube that extends in a direction intersecting with the delivery-side header 24 (in the present embodiment, a direction substantially orthogonal to the sheet: a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3). The delivery side manifold 19 is connected to each delivery side header 24 and the collecting pipe 14 included in one vaporization pipe block 11.

The distribution pipe 12 is a pipe extending substantially parallel to the supply side manifold 17. The distribution pipe 12 is connected to each supply side manifold 17. In addition, the distribution pipe 12 has a supply side connection portion 12a to which a pipe P1 for supplying LNG to the vaporizer 10 from the outside is connected.

The collecting pipe 14 is a pipe extending substantially in parallel with the delivery side manifold 19. The collecting pipe 14 is connected to each delivery side manifold 19. Further, the collecting pipe 14 has a sending side connection portion 14a to which a pipe P2 for sending NG to the outside such as a consumption area is connected.

The seawater supply unit 30 includes a trough 31, a seawater header 32, and a seawater manifold 33 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B). The trough 31 is disposed in the vicinity of the upper end portion of each vaporizing tube panel 16. The trough 31 supplies seawater to the upper end of each vaporization tube panel 16 so that the seawater flows down along the surface of the vaporization tube panel 16 (specifically, each vaporization tube 21 constituting the vaporization tube panel 16). Seawater (medium outside the vaporization pipe 21) supplied from the trough 31 and flowing down the surface of the vaporization pipe panel 16 and LNG flowing in the vaporization pipes 21 exchange heat through the pipe wall of the vaporization pipe 21. . Thereby, LNG vaporizes and becomes NG. The seawater header 32 supplies seawater to each trough 31. The seawater manifold 33 distributes seawater to each seawater header 32.

Each vaporizing pipe block 11 of the vaporizing apparatus 10 configured as described above is arranged in a room H surrounded by a wall of concrete or the like, as shown in FIG. Specifically, each vaporizing pipe block 11 is arranged in the room H such that the supply side manifold 17 and the delivery side manifold 19 in the vaporizing pipe block 11 are located outside the room H. This room H has a partition H <b> 1 that partitions between the vaporizing pipe 21 and the supply side manifold 17 into an indoor space and an outdoor space in the longitudinal direction of the supply header 22. The supply-side header 22 penetrates the partition wall H1 at a portion between the end portion (end portion on the supply-side manifold 17 side) and the vaporizing tube 21 located on the end portion side. The side header 24 penetrates the partition wall H1 at a portion between the end portion (end portion on the delivery side manifold 19 side) and the vaporizing tube 21 located on the end portion side. Each

pipe

12, 14, 17, 19 disposed outside the room H is provided with a heat insulating member so as to cover the entire surface.

The vaporizer 10 configured as described above vaporizes LNG as follows.

Seawater is supplied from the trough 31 to the surface of each vaporizing tube panel 16. At the same time, LNG is supplied from the supply pump or the like to the distribution pipe 12 through the pipe P1 connected to the supply side connection portion 12a. The distribution pipe 12 distributes LNG supplied by a supply pump or the like to each supply-side manifold 17 connected to the distribution pipe 12. Each supply-side manifold 17 distributes LNG from the distribution pipe 12 to each supply-side header 22 connected to the supply-side manifold 17. Each supply-side header 22 distributes the supplied LNG to each vaporization tube 21 connected to the supply-side header 22. In each vaporization tube 21, the LNG supplied from the supply-side header 22 flows from the lower end of the vaporization tube 21 toward the upper end. At this time, the LNG flowing inside the vaporizing tube 21 exchanges heat with seawater flowing down the surface of the vaporizing tube 21 via the tube wall of the vaporizing tube 21. By this heat exchange, LNG vaporizes and becomes NG.

When LNG is vaporized in the vaporizer 10, the seawater supply unit 30 is not only in the region where the vaporization tube 21 of the vaporization tube panel 16 is provided, but also in its width direction (vaporization in the vaporization tube panel 16. Seawater is also supplied to the region outside the direction in which the tubes 21 are arranged. This is because the vaporization pipes 21 located at both ends in the width direction are sufficiently brought into contact with seawater on the entire circumference. Thereby, when LNG is vaporized to become NG, that is, during the operation of the vaporizer 10, the seawater flowing down toward the first region A1 of the supply side header 22 along the vaporization tube panel 16 is vaporized. The temperature is sufficiently low when it flows down to the position of the supply side header 22 by heat exchange with the LNG inside. On the other hand, the seawater that flows down outside the vaporizing pipe (that is, flows down toward the second region A2 of the supply side header 22) flows without performing heat exchange with the LNG in the vaporizing pipe 21, so The temperature when reaching the position of the supply-side header 22 is higher than the seawater flowing down toward the first region A1. Therefore, if the heat insulating member (heat transfer suppressing portion) 23 is not provided in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22, it is more than the tube wall of the first region A1 of the supply side header 22 by heat exchange with the seawater. The tube wall in the second region A2 has a higher temperature. For this reason, it flows out from the hole 51 of the header inner pipe 50 and flows into the LNG (specifically, the vaporization pipe 21 at the end position in the width direction of the vaporization pipe panel) adjacent to the second region A2. When flowing between the header inner pipe 50 and the supply side header 22 toward the vaporization pipe 21, the LNG flowing toward the upper side in the circumferential direction of the supply side header 22) is the vaporization pipe at the center position of the first region A1. The temperature is higher than that of LNG supplied to 21. However, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, since the heat insulating member 23 is provided in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22, the unit area from the seawater having a high temperature in the pipe wall of the second region A2 is provided. The amount of heat transfer per hit is suppressed. Thereby, the temperature difference between the LNG supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 adjacent to the second area A2 of the supply side header 22 and the LNG supplied to the vaporization pipe 21 at the center position of the first area A1. Is prevented from occurring.

LNG vaporized in each vaporization tube 21, that is, NG is collected by the delivery side header 24 and sent to the delivery side manifold 19. The NG sent to the delivery side manifold 19 is sent to the consumption area or the like through the collecting pipe 14 and the pipe P2 connected to the delivery side connection portion 14a.

According to the above vaporizer 10, even if the temperature of the seawater flowing toward the second region A2 is higher than the temperature of the seawater flowing toward the first region A1 of the supply side header 22, the heat insulating member (heat transfer suppression) Unit) 23, the unit area from seawater in the entire second region A2 of the supply header 22 (region other than the first region A1 of the supply header 22 in the room H in which each vaporizing pipe block 11 is accommodated). The amount of heat transfer per hit is suppressed. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent the second region A2 from becoming hotter than the first region A1 of the supply-side header 22 by the seawater having different temperatures. Thereby, the temperature of the LNG distributed to the vaporizing tube 21 at the end position in the horizontal direction (width direction) of the vaporizing tube panel 16 and the LNG distributed to the vaporizing tube 21 at the central position in the horizontal direction. The difference is suppressed. As a result, the supply-side header 22 is prevented from being bent due to the amount of thermal expansion and contraction of each vaporizing tube 21.

Moreover, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, the whole area (whole) of 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 is enclosed by the heat insulation member 23. FIG. For this reason, the heat transfer amount per unit area from the seawater in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 is easier and more reliable than the heat transfer amount per unit area from the seawater in the first region A1 of the supply side header 22. It can be suppressed.

Moreover, in the vaporization apparatus 10 of this embodiment, since the heat insulation member 23 has a predetermined elasticity, the heat insulation member 23 is prevented from being damaged by the heat expansion and contraction of the supply side header 22. Specifically, the supply-side header 22 expands and contracts due to a temperature difference between when the vaporizer 10 is in operation and when the vaporizer 10 is stopped. For this reason, the heat insulation member 23 surrounding the supply side header 22 expands and contracts in accordance with the thermal expansion and contraction of the supply side header 22 by having predetermined elasticity. Thereby, damage of the heat insulation member 23 resulting from the thermal expansion / contraction (especially thermal expansion / contraction of radial direction) of the supply side header 22 is prevented effectively.

In order to confirm the effect of the heat insulating member, the temperature of the LNG flowing through the second region of the supply side header 22 during operation of the vaporizer is determined using the vaporizer having the same configuration as the vaporizer 10 except for the heat insulator 23. Examined.

The supply side header of this vaporizer is made of aluminum with an outer diameter of 165.2 mm. The heat transfer coefficient of the supply side header is 5000 W / mK. The heat conductivity of the heat insulating member is 1 W / mK.

LNG at -145 ° C. is supplied to the supply side header, with no heat insulation member, with a heat insulation member with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and with a heat insulation member with a thickness of 1.5 mm. The temperature of the LNG flowing through the second region of the supply side header in each state was measured. The result is shown in FIG.

As can be seen from this figure, the temperature of the LNG flowing through the seawater is reduced by providing the heat insulating member in the second region of the supply side header even if it is a thin heat insulating member as compared with the state where the heat insulating member is not provided. It was confirmed that the rise was suppressed.

Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater flowing down toward the second region is higher than the temperature of the seawater flowing down toward the first region, the heat insulation member is provided in the second region, It was confirmed that the temperature difference with the second region was suppressed.

The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

The specific configuration of the heat insulating member 23 is not limited. For example, the heat insulating member 23 of the above embodiment is configured by winding (wrapping) a foamed plastic tape such as urethane foam around the second region A2 of the supply side header 22, but is not limited thereto. . That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the heat insulating member is formed of a material having a low thermal conductivity (for example, a resin such as silicon or polyvinyl chloride, or a resin woven with foamed resin, glass fiber, or rubber). It may be a cylindrical or bottomed

cylindrical member

23A, 23B. The cylindrical heat insulating member 23A and the bottomed cylindrical heat insulating member 23B have a diameter (inner diameter) corresponding to the diameter (outer diameter) of the outer peripheral surface of the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 or the outer diameter. Each of the inner peripheral surfaces 123 has a large inner diameter. The tubular heat insulating member 23A is placed around the second region A2 on the supply side manifold 17 side in the supply side header 22. On the other hand, the bottomed cylindrical heat insulating member 23 </ b> B covers the second region A <b> 2 on the supply side header 22 on the side opposite to the supply side manifold 17. Thereby, the whole area of 2nd field A2 is surrounded by

heat insulation members

23A and 23B.

Further, the heat insulating member may be formed of foamed plastic such as urethane foam sprayed on the surface of the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 until a predetermined thickness is reached.

Further, the heat transfer suppression unit is not limited to the configuration surrounding the second region A2 of the supply side header 22. For example, the heat transfer suppression unit is a cover member 60 (see FIG. 9) that is disposed above the second region A2 of the supply header 22 and has a shape that covers the second region A2 of the supply header 22 in plan view. There may be. The cover member 60 has a width (horizontal width) larger than the outer diameter of the supply-side header 22 so as to cover the second region A2 of the supply-side header 22 in plan view. And the cover member 60 is arrange | positioned in the 2nd area | region A2 above the 2nd area | region A2 of the supply side header 22 at intervals (or so that it may contact). According to such a configuration, the seawater that flows down outside the vaporization tube at the end position in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the supply header and hardly exchanges heat with LNG flowing in the vaporization tube, It is possible to prevent hitting the second region of the supply header. Thereby, even if the temperature of the seawater which flows down toward 2nd area | region A2 is higher than the temperature of the seawater which flows down toward 1st area | region A1 of the supply side header 22, 1st area | region A1 and 2nd area | region of the supply side header 22 It is possible to prevent a difference in temperature from occurring with A2. That is, by providing the cover member 60 so that the seawater flowing down from the seawater supply unit 30 does not hit the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22, the inside of the second area A2 of the supply-side header 22 from the seawater Make it difficult to transmit the heat. In this way, the temperature difference of the LNG flowing through the first area A1 and the second area A2 of the supply side header 22 may be suppressed.

Further, the tube wall of the second region A2 of the supply side header may be made of a material having a smaller thermal conductivity than the tube wall of the first region A1. Specifically, for example, the tube wall in the first region A1 is formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum or aluminum alloy, as in the first embodiment, and the tube wall in the second region A2 is made of iron or aluminum. It may be formed by SUS. Thereby, the heat conductivity in the tube wall of 2nd area | region A2 becomes small compared with the heat conductivity in the tube wall of 1st area | region A1 of a supply side header. For this reason, even if seawater having a temperature higher than that of the first region A1 hits the second region A2 in the supply side header, the temperature of the LNG flowing in the first region A1 of the supply side header and the inside of the second region A2 A temperature difference between the LNG temperature and the LNG temperature is prevented. As a result, it is possible to prevent the supply-side header from being bent due to this temperature difference.

Further, only the tube wall in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 may be configured in a layered manner in the thickness direction of the tube wall. According to such a configuration, the thermal conductivity from the surface (outer peripheral surface) of the second region A2 of the supply side header to the inside of the second region A2 (inner peripheral surface of the supply side header) is suppressed, thereby The thermal conductivity (equivalent thermal conductivity) of the tube wall in the second region A2 of the side header 22 is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the tube wall in the first region A1. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the pipe wall in the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 is composed of a plurality of layers (two layers in the example of FIG. 10), and air or a heat insulating member is interposed between the layers. The filled heat conduction suppressing layer 62 is formed. Even with such a configuration, the thermal conductivity (equivalent thermal conductivity) in the tube wall of the second region A2 of the supply side header 22 becomes smaller than the thermal conductivity in the tube wall of the first region A1. Note that the number of layers constituting the tube wall may be three or more.

In the above embodiment, the header inner pipe 50 is provided in the supply side header 22, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. That is, the LNG may be directly supplied from the supply side manifold 17 to the supply side header 22 without providing the header inner pipe 50.

[Outline of the embodiment]
The above embodiment is summarized as follows.

That is, the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the above-described embodiment is a device for vaporizing the low-temperature liquefied gas, and exchanges heat between the low-temperature liquefied gas extending in the vertical direction and flowing inside and an external medium. A plurality of vaporization pipes for vaporizing the low-temperature liquefied gas, and a pipe between the vaporization pipes for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to each of the vaporization pipes, and the plurality of vaporization pipes in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane. And a vaporization tube panel in which the pipe between the vaporization tubes extends in the horizontal direction and is connected to a lower end portion of each vaporization tube, and an upper end of the vaporization tube panel so as to flow down along the plurality of vaporization tubes A ratio of heat transfer per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the first region of the liquid supply part for supplying the heat exchange liquid from the part and the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe in which the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged In addition, the heat transfer suppression unit for suppressing the heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe located outside the first region in the horizontal direction to the same level or less And comprising. Note that the heat transfer amount is approximately equal to or less than that when the heat is transferred from the heat exchange liquid to the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing through the vaporization pipe distribution pipe, the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing through the second region of the vaporization pipe distribution pipe. Not only when the temperature is the same or lower than the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the first region, but also slightly lower than the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the first region to the extent that it does not affect the bending of the pipe between the vaporization tubes. This includes cases where the price is too high.

According to such a configuration, the temperature of the heat exchange liquid flowing down toward the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe is higher than the temperature of the heat exchange liquid flowing down toward the first area of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. However, the heat transfer suppression unit suppresses the amount of heat transfer per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the second region. For this reason, the second region is prevented from being heated to a higher temperature than the first region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe by the heat exchange liquids having different temperatures. As a result, the low-temperature liquefied gas distributed from the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes to the vaporization pipe at the end position in the horizontal direction of the vaporization pipe panel, and the low-temperature liquefied gas distributed from the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes to the vaporization pipe at the central position. And the difference in temperature is suppressed, and bending of the pipe between the vaporization pipes due to the amount of thermal expansion and contraction of each vaporization pipe is prevented.

In the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the above embodiment, the heat transfer suppression unit is a heat insulating member surrounding a second region of the inter-vaporizing pipe distribution pipe, and the heat conductivity of the heat insulating member is the vaporization. It is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the pipe between pipes.

According to such a configuration, the heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the second region can be easily and easily compared to the heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the first region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. It can be surely suppressed.

In this case, it is preferable that the heat insulating member has a predetermined stretchability.

According to this configuration, damage to the heat insulating member due to thermal expansion and contraction of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes is prevented. Specifically, the heat insulating member surrounding the vaporizing pipe distribution pipe has a predetermined stretchability. For this reason, the temperature difference between the state where the low-temperature liquefied gas is flowing (that is, the vaporizer is in operation) and the state where the low-temperature liquefied gas is not flowing (that is, when the vaporizer is stopped) When the distribution pipe thermally expands and contracts, the heat insulating member expands and contracts in accordance with the thermal expansion and contraction of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. Thereby, damage to the heat insulating member due to thermal expansion / contraction (particularly radial thermal expansion / contraction) of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes is effectively prevented.

Further, the heat transfer suppression unit may be a cover member that is disposed on the upper side of the second region of the distribution pipe between the vaporization tubes and has a shape that covers the second region of the distribution pipe in a plan view.

According to such a configuration, heat exchange with the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing down outside the vaporization pipe at the end position in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and flowing in the vaporization pipe is hardly performed. It is possible to prevent the heat exchange liquid from hitting the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. Thereby, it is prevented that the difference in temperature arises between the 1st field and the 2nd field of distribution pipe between vaporization pipes.

In addition, when the site | part between the edge part in the said distribution pipe between vaporization pipes and the vaporization pipe located in the said edge part side penetrates a partition wall, the said 2nd area | region is on the said partition wall and the said edge part side. This is the area up to the vaporization tube.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas, wherein the low-temperature liquefied gas extending in the vertical direction and flowing inside is exchanged with the external medium for the low-temperature liquefied gas. A plurality of vaporization pipes for vaporizing the liquefied gas, and an inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to each of the vaporization pipes, wherein the plurality of vaporization pipes are horizontally arranged on a specific vertical plane. A vaporization tube panel in which the pipes between the vaporization tubes extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the lower ends of the vaporization tubes, respectively, and an upper end of the vaporization tube panel so as to flow down along the plurality of vaporization tubes A liquid supply unit for supplying a heat exchange liquid from And the part between the vaporization pipes located outside the first area in the horizontal direction is more than the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall in the first area of the pipe between the vaporization pipes where the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged. The thermal conductivity of the pipe wall in the second region of the pipe is small.

According to this configuration, since the thermal conductivity of the tube wall in the second region is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the tube wall in the first region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe, the temperature is lower than that in the first region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe. Even if a high heat exchange liquid hits the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe, the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing inside the first area of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and the temperature of the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing inside the second area It is possible to prevent a difference in temperature between and. As a result, the bending of the pipe between the vaporization pipes due to this temperature difference is prevented.

As described above, the low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to the present invention uses a low-temperature liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), or liquid nitrogen (LN ₂ ) as a heat medium such as seawater. It is useful for vaporizing by heat exchange, and is suitable for suppressing the bending of the inter-vaporization pipes due to the difference in temperature in the longitudinal direction of the inter-vaporization pipes.

Claims

An apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas,
A plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporizing the low-temperature liquefied gas by heat exchange between the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the vertical direction and flowing inside and an external medium, and vaporization for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to the respective vaporization tubes, respectively. Vaporization pipes, wherein the plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged in a horizontal direction on a vertical plane, and the pipes between the vaporization pipes extend in the horizontal direction and are respectively connected to lower ends of the vaporization pipes. Tube panels,
A liquid supply unit for supplying a heat exchange liquid from the upper end of the vaporization tube panel so as to flow down along the plurality of vaporization tubes;
Compared to the heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the first region of the inter-vaporization tube distribution pipe in which the plurality of vaporization tubes are arranged, it is located outside the first region in the horizontal direction. A low-temperature liquefied gas vaporization apparatus comprising: a heat transfer suppression unit configured to suppress a heat transfer amount per unit area from the heat exchange liquid in the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe.
The heat transfer suppression part is a heat insulating member that surrounds a second region of the pipe between the vaporization pipes,
The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating member is smaller than the thermal conductivity of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe.
The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to claim 2, wherein the heat insulating member has a predetermined stretchability.
2. The low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer suppression unit is a cover member that is disposed above the second region of the inter-vaporization pipe distribution pipe and has a shape that covers the second area of the distribution pipe in a plan view. Liquefied gas vaporizer.
The portion between the end of the pipe between the vaporization pipes and the vaporization pipe located on the end side passes through the partition wall,
The low-temperature liquefied gas vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second region is a region from the partition wall to a vaporization tube located on the end side.
An apparatus for vaporizing a low-temperature liquefied gas,
A plurality of vaporization tubes for vaporizing the low-temperature liquefied gas by heat exchange between the low-temperature liquefied gas flowing in the vertical direction and flowing inside and an external medium, and vaporization for distributing the low-temperature liquefied gas to the respective vaporization tubes, respectively. A plurality of vaporizing pipes arranged in a horizontal direction on a specific vertical plane, and the pipes between the vaporizing pipes extend in the horizontal direction and are respectively connected to lower ends of the respective vaporizing pipes. A vaporizing tube panel,
A liquid supply section for supplying a heat exchange liquid from the upper end of the vaporization tube panel so as to flow down along the plurality of vaporization tubes,
More than the thermal conductivity of the tube wall in the 1st field of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes where the a plurality of vaporization pipes are arranged, of the distribution pipe between the vaporization pipes located outside the 1st field in the horizontal direction A vaporizer for low-temperature liquefied gas having a small thermal conductivity of the tube wall in the second region.