JP6740289B2 - Vaporizer - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vaporizer, and more particularly to a vaporizer capable of preventing deformation and damage due to thermal stress.

In Patent Document 1, a low-temperature layer in which a flow path for introducing a heating target medium is formed, and a high-temperature layer in which a flow path for introducing a heating medium for heating the heating target medium is formed There is disclosed a laminated type fluid warmer formed by laminating.

JP, 2017-166775, A

Patent Document 1 also proposes vaporizing a liquefied gas that is a medium to be heated by using the above-described laminated fluid warmer, but there is room for further improvement from the viewpoint of preventing deformation and damage due to thermal stress. Was found.

Then, the subject of this invention is providing the carburetor which can prevent the deformation damage by thermal stress.

Other problems of the present invention will be clarified by the following description.

The above problems can be solved by the following inventions.

1.
A liquefied gas channel is provided on a metal plate, a liquefied gas channel inlet communicating with one end of the liquefied gas channel is formed at one end of the plate, and the liquefied gas is provided at the other end of the plate. A liquefied gas plate formed with a liquefied gas passage outlet communicating with the other end of the passage, and a hot water passage provided on a metal plate, and one side end of the plate communicates with one end of the hot water passage A plate laminated body formed by laminating a hot water plate in which a hot water flow path inlet is formed, and a hot water flow path outlet communicating with the other end of the hot water flow path is formed at the other end of the plate,
A liquefied gas inflow header that is connected to a liquefied gas inflow portion in which the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets in the plate stack is arranged, and distributes liquefied gas to the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets,
A gas outflow header that is connected to a gas outflow portion in which the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets in the plate laminate are arranged, and joins gas from the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets,
A hot water inflow header which is connected to a hot water inflow portion in which the plurality of hot water flow path inlets in the plate laminate are arranged and which distributes hot water to the plurality of hot water flow path inlets,
A hot water outflow header that is connected to a hot water outflow portion in which the plurality of hot water flow path outlets in the plate laminate is arranged, and joins hot water from the plurality of hot water flow path outlets;
A vaporizer configured to vaporize a liquefied gas flowing through the liquefied gas passage of the liquefied gas plate by heat from hot water flowing through the hot water passage of the hot water plate,
The hot water channel of the hot water plate is formed in a part of the path from the hot water channel inlet to the hot water channel outlet so as to bypass the liquefied gas channel inlet side of the liquefied gas plate. A vaporizer having a bypass.
2.
The hot water flow path of the hot water plate is formed so as to linearly connect the hot water flow path inlet and the hot water flow path outlet as a whole of the path, and the hot water flow path inlet is provided in a part of the path. 2. The vaporizer according to claim 1, further comprising: the detouring portion that deviates from a virtual straight line connecting the hot water flow passage outlet and the detouring portion on the liquefied gas flow passage inlet side.
3.
3. The vaporizer according to 1 or 2 above, wherein a width of the bypass portion of the hot water plate is equal to or larger than a width of a formation region of the liquefied gas flow path inlet of the liquefied gas plate.
4.
The diverting portion is formed so as to increase a distance from a virtual straight line connecting the hot water flow path inlet and the hot water flow path outlet when viewed along a hot water flow direction. And a separation distance constant portion that keeps the separation distance from the virtual straight line constant, and a separation distance reducing portion formed to reduce the separation distance from the virtual straight line in this order. The vaporizer according to any one of 1 to 3 above.
5.
5. The carburetor according to 4 above, wherein the width of the constant separation distance portion is greater than or equal to the width of a formation region of the liquefied gas flow path inlet in the liquefied gas plate.
6.
6. The carburetor according to 4 or 5, wherein the constant separation distance portion of the bypass portion is arranged so as to be closest to the liquefied gas flow path inlet of the liquefied gas plate.
7.
Any one of the above items 1 to 6, characterized in that the intervals between the plurality of hot water channels are expanded in the bypass portion, and the intervals between the plurality of hot water channels in the bypass portion are equal. Vaporizer described in.
8.
A rectangular hot water flow passage forming region is formed by the plurality of hot water flow passages formed on the liquefied gas plate, and the bypass portion extends from the rectangular hot water flow passage forming region to the liquefied gas flow passage. The carburetor according to any one of 1 to 7 above, which is provided so as to protrude toward the inlet side.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vaporizer capable of preventing deformation and damage due to thermal stress.

1 is a perspective view of a carburetor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Exploded perspective view showing a state in which the header is removed from the plate laminate provided in the vaporizer of FIG. 1. Exploded perspective view showing a state in which a part of the plate laminate provided in the vaporizer of FIG. 1 is disassembled. 3A is an enlarged view of an area indicated by reference character a in FIG. 3, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of an area indicated by reference character b in FIG. The figure explaining an example of a hot water flow path and a liquefied gas flow path. The figure explaining the other example of a hot water flow path and a liquefied gas flow path. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a flow passage cross-sectional area expansion portion at a liquefied gas flow passage inlet. The figure explaining the other example of the flow path cross-sectional area expansion part in a liquefied gas flow path inlet. The figure explaining the further another example of the flow path cross-sectional area expansion part in a liquefied gas flow path inlet. The figure explaining an example of the heat insulation member provided in a liquefied gas inflow header.

Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a perspective view of a carburetor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a state where a header is removed from a plate laminated body included in the carburetor of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a carburetor of FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which a part of the plate laminated body included in is disassembled. Further, FIG. 4A is an enlarged view of the area indicated by reference sign a in FIG. 3, and FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of the area indicated by reference sign b in FIG.

First, the basic configuration of the vaporizer according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The vaporizer is configured to vaporize the liquefied gas by the heat from the hot water in the plate laminate 1.

The plate laminated body 1 is a laminated body of metal plates.

The plate laminated body 1 has a liquefied gas inflow portion 12 for inflowing the liquefied gas into the plate laminated body 1 and a gas outflow portion 13 for outflowing the gas generated by vaporization of the liquefied gas from the plate laminated body 1. doing. In this embodiment, the liquefied gas inflow portion 12 is arranged below the right side surface (bottom surface side) of the rectangular parallelepiped plate laminate 1, and the gas outflow portion 13 is arranged above the left side surface (upper surface side). The liquefied gas inflow header 12 is connected to the liquefied gas inflow header 2, and the gas outflow portion 13 is connected to the gas outflow header 3.

Further, the plate laminated body 1 has a warm water inflow portion 14 for inflowing warm water into the plate laminated body 1 and a warm water outflow portion 15 for outflowing warm water from the plate laminated body 1. In the present embodiment, the hot water inflow portion 14 is arranged on the upper surface of the plate laminate 1, and the hot water outflow portion 15 is arranged on the bottom surface. The hot water inflow header 14 is connected to the hot water inflow portion 14, and the hot water outflow header 15 is connected to the hot water outflow header 5.

Next, the components of the plate laminate 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The plate stack 1 is configured by stacking a plurality of liquefied gas plates 6 and a plurality of hot water plates 7.

The liquefied gas plate 6 is a rectangular plate made of metal such as stainless steel.

On the surface of the liquefied gas plate 6, a plurality of liquefied gas channels 61 for passing the liquefied gas are formed. The liquefied gas flow channel 61 is constituted by a groove (shown as a line in FIG. 3) having a semicircular cross section, and the groove can be formed by processing such as etching.

The plurality of liquefied gas flow paths 61 are provided in the liquefied gas inflow portion 12 at one side end (bottom side of the right side) of the liquefied gas plate 6 so as to communicate with one end of each of the plurality of liquefied gas flow paths 61. The liquefied gas passage inlet 62 is provided so as to communicate with the other end of each of the liquefied gas passages 61 to the liquefied gas outflow portion 13 at the other end (upper left side) of the liquefied gas plate 6. In addition, a plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets 63 are arranged side by side in a zigzag shape from the bottom side to the upper side while reciprocating between the right side and the left side of the liquefied gas plate 6.

The number of zigzag reciprocations of the liquefied gas flow channel 61 is not limited to the number of times shown (three reciprocations and a half) and can be set as appropriate, and can be set within a range of, for example, 1 to 10 reciprocations or 1 to 10 reciprocations and a half. When the number of zigzag reciprocations is n reciprocal half (n is an integer), the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is arranged on one side of the pair of sides of the liquefied gas plate 6 facing each other, as in the present embodiment. The liquefied gas flow path outlet 63 can be arranged on the other side of the pair of sides. When the number of reciprocating zigzags is n, the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 and the liquefied gas flow path outlet 63 can be provided on one side of the liquefied gas plate 6.

Since the liquefied gas flow path 61 is formed in a zigzag shape, the residence time of the liquefied gas in the plate laminate 1 becomes long, so that the liquefied gas can be sufficiently heated and vaporized. When the vaporization of the liquefied gas rapidly progresses, the liquefied gas flow channel 61 does not necessarily have to have a zigzag shape, and may have a linear shape, for example.

Since the liquefied gas is vaporized by the heat from the hot water in the process of flowing through the liquefied gas flow channel 61, the liquefied gas is partially or wholly vaporized at the liquefied gas flow channel outlet 63 side in the liquefied gas flow channel 61. Can be

The hot water plate 7 is a rectangular plate made of metal such as stainless steel.

On the surface of the hot water plate 7, a plurality of hot water flow passages 71 for circulating hot water are formed. The hot water channel 71 is formed by a groove (shown as a line in FIG. 3) having a semicircular cross section, and the groove can be formed by processing such as etching.

The plurality of hot water flow passages 71 are provided from the plurality of hot water flow passage inlets 72 provided so as to communicate with one end of each of the plurality of hot water flow passages 71 in the hot water inflow portion 14 at one side end (upper side) of the hot water plate 7. A plurality of hot water flow paths 71 are provided side by side at the other end (bottom side) of the hot water plate 7 so as to communicate with the other ends of the plurality of hot water flow paths 71. Has been done.

Since the hot water is cooled by the liquefied gas while flowing through the hot water flow passage 71, the temperature of the hot water on the hot water flow passage outlet 73 side of the hot water flow passage 71 may be lower than the temperature of the hot water flow passage inlet 72. ..

By stacking the liquefied gas plate 6 and the hot water plate 7, the upper part of each groove forming the liquefied gas flow path 61 and the hot water flow path 71 is sealed by the back surface of the plate stacked on the upper part. As a result, each groove forms an independent flow path. In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral surfaces of the liquefied gas flow channel 61 and the hot water flow channel 71 after lamination are formed on a semicircular portion derived from the inner peripheral surface of the groove and on the back surface of the plate laminated on the groove. It has a flat part derived from it.

The method of joining the layers (between the plates) at the time of stacking is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used, and diffusion bonding is particularly preferably used. The method of diffusion bonding is not particularly limited and a known method can be used. For example, a temperature before a plurality of plates are brought into close contact with each other and the plates become plastic (a temperature below the melting point of the material forming the plates). It is possible to perform pressure contact between the plates by heating to a pressure such that plastic deformation does not occur as much as possible, and utilizing diffusion of atoms generated between the bonding surfaces.

In the present embodiment, the plate laminate 1 is illustrated as being configured by repeatedly stacking a set of three layers including the hot water plate 7, the liquefied gas plate 6 and the hot water plate 7, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The plate stack 1 may be a stack of liquefied gas plates 6 and hot water plates 7 alternately stacked. The plate laminate 1 may be configured by repeatedly stacking a set of two layers, for example, a liquefied gas plate 6-a hot water plate 7, or a hot water plate 7-a liquefied gas plate 6-a hot water plate 7-a hot water plate 7. It may be configured by repeatedly stacking a set of 4 layers consisting of.

By stacking the plates, as shown in FIG. 4A, which is an enlarged view of the area indicated by reference symbol a in FIG. 3, a plurality of liquefied gas inflow portions 12 below the right side surface of the plate stack 1 (bottom surface side) are provided. The plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 included in the liquefied gas plate 6 of No. 6 are opened. On the other hand, although illustration by an enlarged view is omitted, a plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets 63 provided in the plurality of liquefied gas plates 6 are opened in the gas outflow portion 13 above the left side surface (upper surface side) of the plate laminate 1. To do.

Further, by stacking the plates, a plurality of hot water plates 7 are provided in the hot water inflow portion 14 on the upper surface of the plate laminate 1, as shown in FIG. 4B, which is an enlarged view of the region indicated by reference numeral b in FIG. A plurality of hot water channel inlets 72 are opened. On the other hand, although illustration by an enlarged view is omitted, a plurality of hot water flow path outlets 73 provided in the plurality of hot water plates 7 are opened in the hot water outflow portion 15 on the bottom surface of the plate laminate 1.

The constituent elements of the plate laminate 1 are not limited to the liquefied gas plate 6 and the hot water plate 7, and other plates can be used together if necessary. In the present embodiment, a plurality of end plates 8 having no flow passage are further laminated on one end side and the other end side of the plate laminated body 1 in the laminating direction. By stacking the end plates 8, for example, the strength of the plate stack 1 can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the case where the liquefied gas flow channel 61 and the hot water flow channel 71 have a semicircular cross section has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Various shapes such as a U-shape and a rectangular shape can be given to the cross section of these flow paths.

The liquefied gas flow channels 61 and the hot water flow channels 71 may have the same or different cross-sectional areas, but the liquefied gas flow channels 61 have the same cross-sectional area. By making it smaller than the cross-sectional area, the liquefied gas flowing through the liquefied gas channel 61 can be efficiently heated.

Further, in the present embodiment, the case where the liquefied gas plate 6 is provided thinner than the hot water plate 7 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The liquefied gas plate 6 may have the same thickness as the hot water plate 7, or may be thicker than the hot water plate 7.

Next, the liquefied gas inflow header 2, the gas outflow header 3, the hot water inflow header 4, and the hot water outflow header 5 will be described with reference to FIGS.

The liquefied gas inflow header 2 has a hollow semi-cylindrical shape, and has an internal space 21 that functions as a liquefied gas manifold, and an inflow port 22 for inflowing the liquefied gas from the outside into the internal space 21. There is. The inflow port 22 is provided in the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the liquefied gas inflow header 2 and can be connected to a pipe (not shown) for supplying the liquefied gas. In a state where the liquefied gas inflow header 2 is connected to the liquefied gas inflow part 12 of the plate laminate 1, the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 are opened so as to communicate with the internal space 21 of the liquefied gas inflow header 2. .. As a result, the liquefied gas inflow header 2 can distribute the liquefied gas to the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 and allow it to flow in.

The gas outflow header 3 has a hollow semi-cylindrical shape, and has an internal space 31 that functions as a gas manifold, and an outlet 32 for outflowing the gas from the internal space 31 to the outside. The outflow port 32 is provided in the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the gas outflow header 3 and can be connected to a pipe (not shown) for exhausting gas. With the gas outflow header 3 connected to the gas outflow portion 13 of the plate laminate 1, the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets 63 are opened so as to communicate with the internal space 31 of the gas outflow header 3. As a result, the gas outflow header 3 can merge and outflow the gas from the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets 63.

The hot water inflow header 4 has a hollow semi-cylindrical shape, and has an internal space 41 that functions as a manifold of hot water, and an inflow port 42 for inflowing hot water from the outside into the internal space 41. The inflow port 42 is provided in the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the hot water inflow header 4 and can be connected to a pipe (not shown) for supplying hot water. With the hot water inflow header 4 connected to the hot water inflow portion 14 of the plate laminate 1, the plurality of hot water flow path inlets 72 are opened so as to communicate with the internal space of the hot water inflow header 4. As a result, the hot water inflow header 4 can distribute the hot water to the plurality of hot water flow path inlets 72 to flow in.

The hot water outflow header 5 has a hollow semi-cylindrical shape, and has an internal space 51 that functions as a manifold of hot water, and an outlet 52 for flowing hot water from the internal space 51 to the outside. The outflow port 52 is provided at the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the hot water outflow header 5 and can be connected to a pipe (not shown) for discharging hot water. With the hot water outflow header 5 connected to the hot water outflow portion 15 of the plate laminate 1, the plurality of hot water flow path outlets 73 are opened so as to communicate with the internal space of the hot water outflow header 5. As a result, the hot water outflow header 5 can merge and flow out the hot water from the plurality of hot water flow path outlets 73.

The liquefied gas inflow header 2, the gas outflow header 3, the hot water inflow header 4 and the hot water outflow header 5 can be made of metal such as stainless steel. These headers can be fixed to the plate laminate 1 by welding or the like.

Next, an example of a method of vaporizing a liquefied gas using the vaporizer having the above configuration will be described.

When vaporizing the liquefied gas, first, the liquefied gas stored in a tank (not shown) (for example, an LNG tank or the like) is supplied to the liquefied gas inflow header 2 by a pump not shown. On the other hand, hot water from a hot water generator (not shown) is supplied to the hot water inflow header 4 by a pump (not shown).

The liquefied gas supplied to the liquefied gas inflow header 2 flows into the liquefied gas passage 61 from the liquefied gas passage inlet 62 opening to the liquefied gas inflow portion 12 of the plate laminate 1. On the other hand, the warm water supplied to the warm water inflow header 4 flows into the warm water flow passage 71 from the warm water flow passage inlet 72 opening to the warm water inflow portion 14 of the plate laminate 1.

As a result, in the plate laminate 1, heat exchange occurs between the liquefied gas in the liquefied gas channel 61 and the hot water in the hot water channel 71 via the layer (plate), and the liquefied gas is vaporized by the heat from the hot water. To be done.

The gas generated by the vaporization of the liquefied gas is flown out to the gas outflow header 3 from the liquefied gas flow path outlet 63 that opens in the gas outflow portion 13 of the plate laminate 1. The gas from the gas outflow header 3 can be supplied to a gas combustion device such as a gas engine, for example. On the other hand, the hot water after the heat exchange flows out to the hot water outflow header 5 from the hot water flow path outlet 73 opening to the hot water outflow portion 15 of the plate laminate 1. The hot water from the hot water outflow header 5 can be returned to the hot water generating device, reheated, and then supplied again to the hot water inflow header 4.

[Detour of hot water flow path]
Next, with reference to FIG. 5, each path of the hot water channel 71 and the liquefied gas channel 61 will be further described. FIG. 5A shows a plan view of the hot water plate 7 and FIG. 5B shows a plan view of the liquefied gas plate 6.

As shown in FIG. 5( a ), on the hot water plate 7, the hot water flow passage 71 extends from the hot water flow passage inlet 72 at one end (upper side) of the hot water plate 7 to the hot water at the other end (bottom side) of the hot water plate 7. It extends to the flow path outlet 73.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5( b ), the liquefied gas flow path 61 is provided on the liquefied gas plate 6 from the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 at one end (bottom side of the right side) of the liquefied gas plate 6. It extends in a zigzag shape to the liquefied gas passage outlet 63 at the other end (upper side of the left side) of the gas plate 6.

When these plates are stacked, the hot water flow path 71 of the hot water plate 7 shown in FIG. 5A is formed in a part of the path extending from the hot water flow path inlet 72 to the hot water flow path outlet 73. 2) has a bypass portion 74 formed so as to bypass the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 side of the liquefied gas plate 6 shown in FIG.

In the present embodiment, the hot water flow passage 71 is formed so as to linearly connect the hot water flow passage inlet 72 and the hot water flow passage outlet 73 as a whole of the route, and the hot water flow passage inlet is formed in a part of the route. It has a detour section 74 that deviates from a virtual straight line S connecting the 72 and the hot water channel outlet 73 and detours around the liquefied gas channel inlet 62 side. Here, a rectangular hot water flow passage forming region α (a region surrounded by an alternate long and short dash line) is formed by a plurality of hot water flow passages 71 juxtaposed on the liquefied gas plate 7, and the detour portion 74 has a square shape. It is provided so as to protrude from the hot water flow passage forming region α toward the liquefied gas flow passage inlet 62 side.

By providing the bypass portion 74 in the hot water flow path 71, an effect of preventing deformation and damage of the plate laminate 1 can be obtained.

That is, from the viewpoint of increasing the vaporization efficiency of the liquefied gas by quickly replacing the warm water whose temperature has normally decreased with the heating of the liquefied gas with new hot water, the hot water flow passage 71 is formed as a complete straight line. Therefore, the bypass portion 74 is not provided. However, in this case, the vicinity of the liquefied gas passage inlet 62 is cooled by the low temperature liquefied gas flowing into the liquefied gas passage inlet 62 of the liquefied gas plate 6. Particularly in the vaporizer, since the liquefied gas flowing into the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is still liquid, the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is significantly cooled. As a result, the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is likely to be locally supercooled. It has been found that this local supercooling causes high thermal stress in the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62, and the plate laminate 1 is easily deformed and damaged.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is efficiently heated by the hot water flowing through the bypass portion 74 of the hot water flow path 71. Supercooling is prevented. As a result, generation of thermal stress is prevented, and deformation and damage of the plate laminate 1 are prevented.

Further, by preventing local supercooling in the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62, a temperature difference (which causes a thermal stress) between the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 and its peripheral portion is caused. Get smaller. As a result, even when the temperature of the hot water is set high from the viewpoint of increasing the vaporization efficiency of the liquefied gas or when the temperature of the liquefied gas is low, the state in which the deformation and damage are prevented can be favorably maintained.

The detour section 74 is formed so as to increase a separation distance from an imaginary straight line S connecting the hot water flow passage inlet 72 and the hot water flow passage outlet 73 when viewed along the circulation direction of the hot water. A portion 741, a constant separation distance portion 742 that keeps the separation distance from the virtual straight line S constant, and a separation distance reducing portion 743 that is formed to reduce the separation distance from the virtual straight line S in this order. It is preferably provided.

The separation distance increasing unit 741 is inclined with respect to the virtual straight line S so as to increase the separation distance from the virtual straight line S. In the present embodiment, the case where the separation distance increasing portion 741 is linear is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may have, for example, a curve or a bend.

The constant distance portion 742 is formed parallel to the virtual straight line S. It is preferable that the constant separation distance portion 742 of the bypass portion 74 is arranged so as to be closest to the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 of the liquefied gas plate 6 when the liquefied gas plate 6 and the hot water plate 7 are stacked. .. When the constant separation distance portion 742 is provided, the ratio (L2/L1) of the width L2 of the constant separation distance portion 742 to the width L1 of the entire detour portion 74 can be set in the range of 0.05 to 0.9, for example. The range is preferably 0.1 to 0.8. The widths L1 and L2 mentioned here are widths in the direction along the virtual straight line S.

The separation distance reducing portion 743 is formed so as to be inclined with respect to the virtual straight line S so as to reduce the separation distance from the virtual straight line S. In the present embodiment, the case where the separation distance reducing portion 743 is linear is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may have, for example, a curve or a bend.

As in the example of FIG. 5, the width L1 of the bypass portion 74 in the hot water plate 7 is preferably equal to or larger than the width W1 of the formation region of the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 in the liquefied gas plate 6. The width W1 is a width in which a plurality of liquefied gas flow passage inlets 62 are arranged in parallel when a plurality of liquefied gas flow passage inlets 62 are arranged in parallel, and the width W1 is 1 when there is one liquefied gas flow passage inlet 62. It is the width of one liquefied gas channel inlet 62.

Further, in the example of FIG. 5, the width L2 of the constant separation distance portion 742 of the detour portion 74 of the hot water plate 7 shown in FIG. 5A is equal to the plurality of liquefactions in the liquefied gas plate 6 shown in FIG. Although the case where the width is equal to the width W1 of the formation region of the gas flow path inlet 62 is shown, the width L2 may be smaller or larger than the width W1 without being limited to this. It is preferable that the width L2 is equal to or larger than the width W1, and it is particularly preferable that the width L2 is larger than the width W1 as shown in FIG.

That is, the width L2 of the constant separation distance portion 742 in the hot water plate 7 shown in FIG. 6A is larger than the width W1 of the formation region of the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 in the liquefied gas plate 6 shown in FIG. 6B. Largely formed. As a result, the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is heated more efficiently, so that the generation of thermal stress is further prevented, and the deformation and damage of the plate laminate 1 are further prevented.

In the above description, the case where the detour section 74 has the constant separation distance section 742 has been mainly shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the constant separation distance section 742 may be omitted. When the constant separation distance portion 742 is omitted, the portion of the bypass portion 74 that is most distant from the virtual straight line S is the liquefied gas plate 6 when the liquefied gas plate 6 and the hot water plate 7 are stacked. It is preferably arranged so as to be closest to the liquefied gas channel inlet 62.

The ratio (L1/L3) of the width L1 of the bypass portion 74 to the linear distance L3 from the hot water flow path inlet 72 to the hot water flow path outlet 73 is not particularly limited, but the lower limit is sufficiently close to the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62. From the viewpoint of heating, it is preferably 0.05 or more, 0.1 or more, and more preferably 0.2 or more. In addition, the upper limit is preferably 0.7 or less, 0.5 or less, and more preferably 0.3 or less from the viewpoint of increasing the linearity of the hot water channel 71 and maintaining good vaporization efficiency.

The intervals between the plurality of hot water channels 71 are preferably expanded in the bypass portion 74. In addition, the intervals between the plurality of hot water flow paths 71 in the bypass portion 74 are preferably equal intervals. Thereby, the plurality of hot water channels 71 can be uniformly arranged on the hot water plate while forming the bypass portion 74, and the liquefied gas can be efficiently heated. The interval here is an interval in the direction orthogonal to the virtual straight line S.

[Enlarged section of flow path cross section]
Next, another example of the liquefied gas channel inlet 62 of the liquefied gas plate 6 will be described with reference to FIG. 7.

In the example of FIG. 7, the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 of the liquefied gas plate 6 is provided with a flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β having a flow path cross-sectional area larger than that of the liquefied gas flow path 61. There is.

By providing the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β at the liquefied gas flow passage inlet 62, an effect of further preventing deformation and damage of the plate laminate 1 can be obtained.

That is, in the example of FIG. 7, the flow velocity of the low-temperature liquefied gas is kept low and the convective heat transfer is reduced in the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β having a large flow passage cross-sectional area, so that the heat insulating effect is obtained. This prevents supercooling in the vicinity of the liquefied gas channel inlet 62. As a result, generation of thermal stress is prevented. By preventing the thermal stress from being generated by the bypass portion 74 of the hot water flow path 71 and by preventing the thermal stress from being generated by the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β, the deformation and damage of the plate laminate 1 are further prevented. To be done.

In the present embodiment, the inner peripheral surface of the channel cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is composed of the groove formed in the liquefied gas plate 6 and the back surface of the hot water plate 7 laminated on the groove. As described above, since a part of the inner peripheral surface of the channel cross-sectional area expansion part β is configured by the hot water plate 7, the liquefied gas in the channel cross-sectional area expansion part β is heated by the heat from the hot water plate 7. Therefore, supercooling in the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is further prevented.

In the present embodiment, a plurality of liquefied gas flow channels 61 are branched from the flow channel cross-sectional area expansion part β, and the flow channel cross-sectional area expansion part β is calculated from the total of the flow channel cross-sectional areas of the plurality of liquefied gas flow channels 61. Also has a large channel cross-sectional area. Thereby, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β can be suitably increased.

Moreover, it is preferable that the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is formed so as to increase the flow path cross-sectional area in at least the plane direction of the liquefied gas plate 6. It is particularly preferable that the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is formed such that the width W1 of the formation region of the liquefied gas flow passage inlet 62 is larger than the juxtaposed width W2 of the plurality of liquefied gas flow passages 61. Thereby, the flow passage cross-sectional area of the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β can be suitably increased.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is formed so as to gradually reduce the flow passage cross-sectional area along the flow direction of the liquefied gas. As a result, the pressure loss of the liquefied gas can be reduced as compared with the case where the flow path cross-sectional area is changed rapidly.

The depth of the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β (depth in the thickness direction of the liquefied gas plate 6) is preferably less than the thickness of the liquefied gas plate 6. As a result, the back surface of the liquefied gas plate 6 can be joined to the surface of another plate (for example, the hot water plate 7) laminated on the liquefied gas plate 6, and the joint strength between the plates constituting the plate laminate 1 is increased. Can be improved.

The depth of the channel cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is not limited to be less than the thickness of the liquefied gas plate 6, and may be equal to the thickness of the liquefied gas plate 6, as shown in FIG. 8, for example. In other words, the channel cross-sectional area enlarged portion β may be provided so as to cut out from the front surface to the back surface of the liquefied gas plate 6. In this case, the inner peripheral surface of the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is laminated on the side wall formed by the liquefied gas plate 6, the back surface of the hot water plate 7 laminated on the upper side wall, and the lower portion on the side wall. And the surface of the hot water plate 7. As a result, the liquefied gas in the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is easily heated by the heat from the upper and lower hot water plates 7, and supercooling in the vicinity of the liquefied gas flow path inlet 62 is further prevented.

In the above description, the case where the plurality of liquefied gas flow paths 61 are branched from the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is mainly shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of liquefied gas flow paths 61 may have a plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets 62 at one end of the liquefied gas plate 6 while being independent from each other.

In the above description, the case where the flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β increases the flow passage cross-sectional area in the plane direction of the liquefied gas plate 6 has been mainly described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the channel cross-sectional area expansion part β may increase the channel cross-sectional area by cutting the liquefied gas plate 6 deep in the thickness direction. The channel cross-sectional area enlarged portion β may be formed so as to increase the channel cross-sectional area in both the plane direction and the thickness direction of the liquefied gas plate 6. The flow passage cross-sectional area enlarged portion β preferably increases the flow passage cross-sectional area at least in the plane direction of the liquefied gas plate 6, whereby the flow passage cross-sectional area can be efficiently increased and the strength of the liquefied gas plate 6 can be increased. It can prevent the deterioration.

The method of forming the channel cross-sectional area enlarged portion β is not particularly limited, and it can be formed by, for example, etching.

[Heat insulation member]
Next, another example of the liquefied gas inflow header 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

In the example of FIG. 10, the wall surface forming the internal space 21 of the liquefied gas inflow header 2 is covered with a heat insulating member 23.

By covering the wall surface of the internal space 21 with the heat insulating member 23, an effect of preventing the plate laminate 1 from being deformed and damaged can be obtained.

That is, by covering the wall surface of the internal space 21 of the liquefied gas inflow header 2 with the heat insulating member 21, the liquefied gas inflow header 2 itself is directly cooled by the liquefied gas flowing in the internal space 21 of the liquefied gas inflow header 2. Is prevented. This prevents local supercooling in the vicinity of the liquefied gas channel inlet 62 to which the liquefied gas inflow header 2 is connected. As a result, generation of thermal stress is prevented. By preventing the thermal stress from being generated by the bypass portion 74 of the hot water flow path 71 and by preventing the thermal stress from being generated by the heat insulating member 23, the plate laminate 1 is further prevented from being deformed and damaged. When the flow path cross-sectional area enlarged portion β described above is further provided, this effect is more remarkably exhibited.

The heat insulating member 23 is preferably made of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the material forming the liquefied gas inflow header 2. For example, a metal can be used as the material of the heat insulating member 23, but it is preferable that the metal has a lower thermal conductivity than the metal forming the liquefied gas inflow header 2. Further, a polymer material such as resin or rubber may be used as the material of the heat insulating member 23.

It is preferable that the heat insulating member 23 includes a space layer 24 therein, so that the heat insulating effect can be further improved. The space layer 24 may be vacuum, or may be filled with a fluid such as air or a heat insulating material.

The method of fixing the heat insulating member 23 to the inner surface of the liquefied gas inflow header 2 is not particularly limited, and it can be fixed by welding, diffusion bonding, an adhesive, or the like.

In the present embodiment, the heat insulating member 23 is provided with the through flow passage 25 penetrating the heat insulating member, so that the entire wall surface of the internal space 21 is covered with the heat insulating member 23, and the inlet port is provided through the through flow passage 25. The liquefied gas from 22 is configured to be able to pass into the internal space 21.

In the present embodiment, the case where the entire wall surface of the internal space 21 is covered with the heat insulating member 23 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. By covering at least a part of the wall surface of the internal space 21 with the heat insulating member 23, the effect can be exhibited in comparison with the case where the heat insulating member 23 is omitted.

Like the liquefied gas inflow header, it is possible to provide a heat insulating member in the gas outflow header, but since the gas flowing in the gas outflow header is mainly heated and vaporized by hot water, it is insulated. The effect of is relatively small. In particular, it is important to provide a heat insulating member on the liquefied gas inflow header.

[Other]
In the above description, the liquefied gas inflow portion is arranged below the right side surface of the rectangular parallelepiped plate laminated body, the gas outflow portion is arranged above the left side surface (upper surface side), and the hot water inflow portion is arranged on the upper surface. Although the case where the hot water outflow portion is arranged on the bottom surface is shown, the present invention is not limited to this. The liquefied gas inflow part, the gas outflow part, the hot water inflow part, and the hot water outflow part may be provided on any surface of the plate laminate. Preferably, the liquefied gas inflow portion and the gas outflow portion are provided on a pair of surfaces facing each other in the rectangular parallelepiped plate laminated body, and the hot water inflow portion and the warm water outflow portion are mutually arranged in the rectangular parallelepiped plate laminated body. It is provided on the other pair of surfaces facing each other.

Further, the liquefied gas inflow portion, the gas outflow portion, the hot water inflow portion, and the hot water outflow portion do not necessarily have to be provided on different surfaces of the plate laminate. Two or more of the liquefied gas inflow part, the gas outflow part, the hot water inflow part, and the hot water outflow part may be arranged in parallel on the same plane in the plate laminate.

Further, the path of the liquefied gas flow path formed in the liquefied gas plate is not limited to the path shown in the above-described embodiment. The liquefied gas flow channel is provided with a vaporized gas flow channel inlet provided at any part of the rim of the liquefied gas plate (a part corresponding to the liquefied gas inflow part) and any other of the rim of the liquefied gas plate. Any path can be provided as long as it connects to the liquefied gas flow path outlet provided in the part (the part corresponding to the gas outflow part). Similarly, the path of the hot water flow path formed in the hot water plate is not limited to the path shown in the above-described embodiment. The hot water flow passage includes a hot water flow passage inlet provided at any part of the peripheral edge of the hot water plate (a part corresponding to the hot water inflow part) and any other part of the peripheral edge of the hot water plate (at the hot water outflow part). Any path can be provided as long as it connects with the hot water flow path outlet provided in the corresponding portion).

The number of the liquefied gas flow paths formed in one liquefied gas plate is not limited to a plurality, and it may be one. In addition, the number of hot water flow paths formed in one hot water plate is not limited to a plurality, and may be one.

The liquefied gas vaporized by the vaporizer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied nitrogen and liquefied hydrogen. The temperature of the liquefied gas when flowing into the plate laminate 1 is not particularly limited, and in the case of LNG, it can be set to, for example, about -162°C.

The hot water used for heating the liquefied gas is not particularly limited, as long as the temperature at the inlet of the hot water channel is liquid water at a temperature higher than that of the liquefied gas at the inlet of the liquefied gas, and the temperature was higher than the ambient temperature. It is preferably water. When LNG is vaporized, the temperature of the hot water can be set to, for example, about 50°C.

The vaporizer can be used for various purposes of vaporizing a liquefied gas, and can be preferably mounted on, for example, an LNG ship. By mounting the vaporizer on the LNG ship, the low temperature LNG stored in the LNG tank can be efficiently vaporized by the vaporizer. The natural gas vaporized by the vaporizer can be used as fuel for a gas engine mounted on an LNG ship. Even if LNG is at a low temperature, the vaporizer is prevented from being deformed and damaged due to thermal stress and can be stably operated. When the carburetor is mounted on the LNG carrier, the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the gas engine may be used to heat the hot water. The warm water may be water previously loaded on a ship or seawater.

1: Plate laminated body 12: Liquefied gas inflow part 13: Gas outflow part 14: Hot water inflow part 15: Hot water outflow part 2: Liquefied gas inflow header 21: Internal space 22: Inflow port 23: Thermal insulation member 24: Space layer 3: Gas outflow header 31: Internal space 32: Outflow port 4: Hot water inflow header 41: Internal space 42: Inflow port 5: Hot water outflow header 51: Internal space 52: Outflow port 6: Liquefied gas plate 61: Liquefied gas flow path 62: Liquefied gas flow channel inlet 63: Liquefied gas flow channel outlet 7: Hot water plate 71: Hot water flow channel 72: Hot water flow channel inlet 73: Hot water flow channel outlet 74: Detour part 741: Separation distance increasing part 742: Separation distance constant part 743 : Separation distance decreasing portion 8: End plate S: Virtual straight line α: Hot water flow passage forming area β: Flow passage cross-sectional area increasing portion

Claims (8)

A liquefied gas channel is provided on a metal plate, a liquefied gas channel inlet communicating with one end of the liquefied gas channel is formed at one end of the plate, and the liquefied gas is provided at the other end of the plate. A liquefied gas plate formed with a liquefied gas passage outlet communicating with the other end of the passage, and a hot water passage provided on a metal plate, and one side end of the plate communicates with one end of the hot water passage A plate laminated body formed by laminating a hot water plate in which a hot water flow path inlet is formed, and a hot water flow path outlet communicating with the other end of the hot water flow path is formed at the other end of the plate,
A liquefied gas inflow header that is connected to a liquefied gas inflow portion in which the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets in the plate laminate is arranged and distributes liquefied gas to the plurality of liquefied gas flow path inlets
A gas outflow header that is connected to a gas outflow portion in which the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets in the plate laminate are arranged, and joins gas from the plurality of liquefied gas flow path outlets,
A hot water inflow header which is connected to a hot water inflow portion in which the plurality of hot water flow path inlets in the plate laminate are arranged and which distributes hot water to the plurality of hot water flow path inlets,
A hot water outflow header that is connected to a hot water outflow portion in which the plurality of hot water flow path outlets in the plate laminate is arranged, and joins hot water from the plurality of hot water flow path outlets;
A vaporizer configured to vaporize a liquefied gas flowing through the liquefied gas passage of the liquefied gas plate by heat from hot water flowing through the hot water passage of the hot water plate,
The hot water channel of the hot water plate is formed in a part of the path from the hot water channel inlet to the hot water channel outlet so as to bypass the liquefied gas channel inlet side of the liquefied gas plate. A vaporizer having a bypass. The hot water flow path of the hot water plate is formed so as to linearly connect the hot water flow path inlet and the hot water flow path outlet as a whole of the path, and the hot water flow path inlet is provided in a part of the path. The carburetor according to claim 1, further comprising: the detour portion that deviates from an imaginary straight line connecting the hot water flow path outlet and the detouring portion of the liquefied gas flow path inlet side. The vaporizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a width of the bypass portion of the hot water plate is equal to or larger than a width of a formation region of the liquefied gas flow path inlet of the liquefied gas plate. The diverting portion is formed so as to increase a distance from a virtual straight line connecting the hot water flow path inlet and the hot water flow path outlet when viewed along a hot water flow direction. And a separation distance constant portion that keeps the separation distance from the virtual straight line constant, and a separation distance reducing portion formed to reduce the separation distance from the virtual straight line in this order. The carburetor according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The carburetor according to claim 4, wherein a width of the constant separation distance portion is equal to or larger than a width of a formation region of the liquefied gas flow path inlet in the liquefied gas plate. The carburetor according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the constant separation distance portion of the bypass portion is arranged so as to be closest to the liquefied gas flow path inlet of the liquefied gas plate. 7. An interval between a plurality of the hot water channels is expanded in the bypass portion, and an interval between the plurality of the hot water channels in the bypass portion is an equal interval. The carburetor described in Crab. A rectangular hot water flow passage forming region is formed by the plurality of hot water flow passages formed on the liquefied gas plate, and the bypass portion extends from the rectangular hot water flow passage forming region to the liquefied gas flow passage. The carburetor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the carburetor is provided so as to protrude toward the inlet side.

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