CN220647846U - Low-temperature container neck structure and low-temperature container - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of low-temperature storage devices, in particular to a neck structure of a low-temperature container and the low-temperature container. A cryogenic container neck structure comprising: the protective piece is formed into a multi-layer structure and is arranged in the neck pipe of the low-temperature container, the protective piece is coated on the outer wall of the liquid-phase pipe positioned in the neck pipe, and a gap for communicating the gas-phase pipe with the inner container is reserved between the side wall of the protective piece and the inner wall of the neck pipe; the protection member includes a heat insulating layer and a shielding layer, and at least one side of the heat insulating layer is provided with the shielding layer along an axial direction of the cryogenic container. The heat insulation layer can greatly reduce convection heat leakage in the neck pipe and cold loss caused by heat conduction and heat leakage, and the shielding layer can effectively reduce the cold loss caused by radiation and heat leakage of the neck, so that the evaporation rate of the low-temperature container is reduced, and the low-temperature container is better stored.

Description

Low-temperature container neck structure and low-temperature container

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of low-temperature storage devices, in particular to a neck structure of a low-temperature container and the low-temperature container.

Background

Helium has irreplaceable functions in the fields of national defense, high-tech industry, low-temperature refrigeration and the like, and liquid helium Dewar is widely used as storage and transportation equipment of liquid helium in the industries of scientific research, medical treatment, equipment manufacturing and the like. The storage temperature of liquid helium is extremely low (4.2K), the vaporization latent heat is low, and the liquid helium is extremely easy to evaporate in the storage process, so that the loss of the liquid helium is caused. The liquid helium Dewar comprises an inner container, a shell, a neck tube connecting the inner container and the shell, and a multi-layer binding heat insulation material arranged between the inner container and the shell, wherein the interlayer is vacuumized. The prior liquid helium Dewar has larger heat leakage of a neck structure, and the main heat leakage forms comprise heat conduction heat leakage of connection of a neck tube with an inner container and a shell, convection heat leakage of a gas phase space inside the neck tube and an external contact part, and radiation heat leakage of liquid helium liquid level in the inner container through a flange component positioned at the top of the neck tube space, so that the liquid helium storage is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present application is to provide a neck structure of a cryogenic container and the cryogenic container, so as to solve the problem that the heat leakage of the conventional liquid helium dewar is large, which is not beneficial to the storage of liquid helium.

The first aspect of the present utility model provides a cryogenic container neck finish, wherein the cryogenic container neck finish comprises:

the protection piece is formed into a multi-layer structure and is arranged in a neck pipe of the low-temperature container, the protection piece is coated on the outer wall of a liquid phase pipe positioned in the neck pipe, and a gap for communicating a gas phase pipe with an inner container is formed between the side wall of the protection piece and the inner wall of the neck pipe;

the protection member includes a heat insulating layer and a shielding layer, and at least one side of the heat insulating layer is provided with the shielding layer along an axial direction of the cryogenic container.

Preferably, the heat insulating layer is formed in a columnar structure, the shielding layer is formed in a plate-like structure, and the heat insulating layer and the shielding layer are disposed so as to be bonded to each other.

Preferably, a plurality of heat insulating layers are provided, the plurality of heat insulating layers are arranged along the axis direction of the low-temperature container, and the shielding layer is arranged between two adjacent heat insulating layers.

Preferably, the top of the protector extends to the bottom of the flange assembly of the cryogenic container, and the bottom of the protector extends to the top of the liner.

Preferably, the cryogenic container neck structure further comprises:

a partition member formed in a circular cylindrical structure, the partition member being disposed between the protector and the neck pipe;

the gap includes:

a first gap between the protector and the separator;

a second gap is located between the divider and the neck.

Preferably, a side wall of the partition is provided with a vent hole so that the first gap and the second gap communicate;

the protector further includes:

the shielding layer is arranged on at least one side of the heat insulation layer; the circumferential side wall of the heat insulating layer is connected with the inner wall of the partition, and gas can penetrate through the heat insulating layer.

Preferably, the heat insulation layer is provided in plurality, and a plurality of heat insulation layers are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first gap.

Preferably, the shielding layers are arranged on two sides of the heat insulation layer, and the shielding layers are clamped between the heat insulation layer and the heat insulation layer.

Preferably, the vent hole is arranged at one end of the partition piece far away from the inner container, a plurality of vent holes are arranged, and a plurality of vent holes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the partition piece in a surrounding mode.

In a second aspect, the utility model provides a cryogenic container comprising a cryogenic container neck structure according to any of the preceding claims.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the neck structure of the low-temperature container, disclosed by the utility model, the heat leakage of the neck structure of the low-temperature container is reduced by arranging the protective piece with the multi-layer structure in the neck pipe, wherein the heat insulation layer in the protective piece can greatly reduce the convection heat leakage in the neck pipe and the cold loss caused by heat conduction and heat leakage, and the shielding layer in the protective piece can reduce the cold loss caused by radiation heat leakage of the neck, so that the evaporation rate of the low-temperature container is reduced, and the low-temperature container is better stored.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cryogenic container neck structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in fig. 1.

Icon: 10-a protective member; 11-a heat insulating layer; 12-a shielding layer; 13-a heat insulation layer; 20-spacers; 21-vent holes; 31-a first gap; 32-a second gap; 41-a housing; 42-an inner container; 43-multilayer wrapping insulation; 44-neck; 45-liquid phase tube; 46-a gas phase tube; a 47-flange assembly; 48-inner and outer connectors.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in obtaining a thorough understanding of the methods, apparatus, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely an example, and is not limited to the order set forth herein, but rather, obvious variations may be made upon an understanding of the present disclosure, other than operations that must occur in a specific order. In addition, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted for the sake of clarity and conciseness.

The features described herein may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided solely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, devices, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after a review of the disclosure of the present application.

In the entire specification, when an element (such as a layer, region or substrate) is described as being "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element, it may be directly "on", "connected to", "bonded to", "over" or "covering" another element or there may be one or more other elements interposed therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on," directly connected to, "or" directly coupled to, "another element, directly on," or "directly covering" the other element, there may be no other element intervening therebetween.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any one of the listed items of interest and any combination of any two or more.

Although terms such as "first," "second," and "third" may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers or sections should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section discussed in examples described herein could also be termed a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the examples.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above … …," "upper," "below … …," and "lower" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "upper" relative to another element would then be oriented "below" or "lower" relative to the other element. Thus, the term "above … …" includes both orientations "above … …" and "below … …" depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. Singular forms also are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" are intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, and/or groups thereof.

Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Accordingly, the examples described herein are not limited to the particular shapes shown in the drawings, but include changes in shapes that occur during manufacture.

The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways that will be apparent after an understanding of the disclosure of the present application. Further, while the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after an understanding of the present disclosure.

According to a first aspect of the present utility model there is provided a cryogenic container neck structure comprising a protector 10.

Hereinafter, a specific structure of the above-described parts of a neck structure of a cryogenic container according to this embodiment will be described.

The cryogenic container is a device for storing and transporting cryogenic liquid, for example, the cryogenic container may be a liquid helium Dewar, and the cryogenic medium in the liquid helium Dewar is liquid helium; however, the cryogenic vessel may be other than a liquid helium Dewar vessel, and may store other liquid cryogenic media than liquid helium, such as liquid hydrogen.

The neck structure of the low-temperature container can solve the problem that the heat leakage of the existing low-temperature container is large. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cryogenic container includes a housing 41 and a liner 42 provided in the housing 41, the liner 42 being for containing a cryogenic medium of a liquid, a neck 44 being provided at the top of the liner 42, the neck 44 extending upward and a portion of the neck 44 extending out of the top of the housing 41, a portion of the neck 44 located outside the housing 41 being formed as an outer tube of the neck 44; an inner and outer connector 48 is provided between the neck 44 and the housing 41; the interlayer between the outer shell 41 and the inner liner 42 is provided with a plurality of layers of packing insulation material 43, and the interlayer is evacuated.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the side wall of the neck pipe 44 (i.e., the side wall of the appearance of the neck pipe 44 described above) is provided with a gas-phase pipe 46, the gas-phase pipe 46 being provided outside the housing 41, and the gas-phase pipe 46 and the liner 42 being communicated through the neck pipe 44. The top of the neck 44 is provided with a flange assembly 47; the flange assembly 47 is provided with a liquid-phase pipe 45, the top of the liquid-phase pipe 45 penetrates through the flange assembly 47, and the bottom of the liquid-phase pipe 45 extends into the liner 42, so that two ends of the liquid-phase pipe 45 in the length direction extend out of the neck pipe 44.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the protector 10 is formed in a multi-layered structure, and specifically, the protector 10 includes a heat insulating layer 11 and a shielding layer 12, wherein the heat insulating layer 11 serves to prevent heat transfer, and the shielding layer 12 serves to shield radiant heat leakage. The protection member 10 is disposed in the neck pipe 44 of the low-temperature container, and is wrapped on the outer wall of the liquid phase pipe 45 disposed in the neck pipe 44, and the liquid phase pipe 45 is provided with two liquid inlet pipes and two liquid outlet pipes, for example, through holes may be formed in the protection member 10 so that the liquid phase pipe 45 passes through, and the number of the through holes is correspondingly two. In addition, a gap for communicating the gas-phase tube 46 and the inner container 42 is provided between the sidewall of the protector 10 and the inner wall of the neck tube 44 to ensure that the gas-phase tube 46 and the inner container 42 are communicated. In operation, the vaporized gas of the cryogenic medium in the liner 42 flows through the gap to the gas phase tube 46 and out of the cryogenic vessel. The provision of the protector 10 in the neck 44 reduces the cross-sectional area of the passage in the neck 44 through which the boil-off gas flows, which results in an increase in the flow rate of the boil-off gas as it exits through the gap, thereby greatly reducing convective and conductive heat leakage in the neck 44.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, at least one side of the heat insulating layer 11 is provided with the shielding layer 12 along the axial direction of the cryogenic container, so that the shielding layer 12 is located between the flange assembly 47 and the liquid surface of the cryogenic medium in the liner 42, and thus the loss of cold energy caused by radiation and heat leakage of the neck of the cryogenic container can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heat insulating layer 11 and the shielding layer 12 are provided so as to be fitted to each other, so that the vapor gas can flow only from the gap between the side wall of the protector 10 and the inner wall of the neck pipe 44 to the vapor phase pipe 46.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the heat insulating layer 11 is a columnar structure of polystyrene foam, for example, a columnar shape, and the shielding layer 12 is a plate-like structure of TP2 copper, for example, a circular plate-like structure. However, other cold insulation materials may be used for the heat insulating layer 11, and other materials capable of reducing radiation heat leakage may be used for the shielding layer 12.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of heat insulating layers 11 are provided, a plurality of heat insulating layers 11 are arranged along the axial direction of the cryogenic container, and a shielding layer 12 is provided between two adjacent heat insulating layers 11, so that the heat insulating layers 11 and the shielding layers 12 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the cryogenic container, thus ensuring the effect of reducing the heat leakage of the neck structure of the cryogenic container and the reliability.

In the present embodiment, at least one shielding layer 12 is provided between two adjacent heat insulating layers 11.

Further, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the top of the protector 10 extends to the bottom of the flange assembly 47 of the cryogenic container, the protector 10 is mounted on the flange assembly 47, and the bottom of the protector 10 extends to the top of the liner 42, so that the both ends of the protector in the axial direction of the cryogenic container extend to the both ends of the neck pipe 44, respectively, so that the protector 10 fills the entire neck pipe 44 in the extending direction of the neck pipe 44, thus further ensuring the effect of reducing the amount of heat leakage of the neck structure of the cryogenic container and the reliability.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the heat insulating layers 11 is set to 4 to 8, the thickness dimension of each heat insulating layer 11 is set to 80 to 120mm, two shielding layers 12 are provided between each two heat insulating layers 11, and the thickness dimension of each shielding layer 12 is set to 1 to 1.5mm.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a neck structure of a cryogenic container further includes a partition 20 provided between the protector 10 and the neck pipe 44, the partition 20 being formed in a circular cylindrical structure to divide a gap into two parts of a first gap 31 and a second gap 32, specifically, the first gap 31 is located between the protector 10 and the partition 20, and the first gap 31 may have a size of 2 to 3mm; the second gap 32 is located between the partition 20 and the neck pipe 44, and the size of the second gap 32 may be 2 to 3mm, so that the cross-sectional area of the channel (i.e., the second gap 32) where the liner 42 communicates with the gas phase pipe 46 is further reduced compared with the original gap, so that the flow rate of the evaporation gas in the second gap 32 is further increased, the cold energy of the evaporation gas is conducted to the multi-layer wrapping heat insulating material 43 through the neck pipe 44, and the temperature of the evaporation gas is reduced, thereby realizing cold energy recovery of the evaporation gas, and further reducing the cold energy of the liner 42 leaking from external radiation.

In this embodiment, the separator 20 is made of a G10 epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic material, so that the working requirements and the service life of the separator in a low-temperature environment are ensured. Of course, other materials that are resistant to low temperatures may be used for the separator 20.

Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the side wall of the partition 20 is provided with the vent hole 21 so that the first gap 31 and the second gap 32 communicate. In addition, the protection 10 further comprises a thermal insulation layer 13, wherein the thermal insulation layer 13 can slow down the heat transfer and can be penetrated by gas (namely the evaporated gas); at least one side of the heat insulation layer 13 is provided with a shielding layer 12 along the axis direction of the low-temperature container; the circumferential side wall of the insulating layer 13 is connected to the inner wall of the partition 20 such that a part of the insulating layer 13 is located in the first gap 31, thus avoiding the occurrence of ice blockage in the first gap 31.

Although the heat insulating layer 13 can ensure that the gas passes through, the resistance of the gas passing through the first gap 31 provided with the heat insulating layer 13 is high, so that the evaporated gas directly flows from the second gap 32 to the gas phase pipe 46 under normal working conditions, and when freezing blockage occurs in the second gap 32 due to entry of water vapor in the atmosphere, the evaporated gas passes through the second gap 32 and is discharged from the gas phase pipe 46 through the vent hole 21, so that smooth communication between the liner 42 and the gas phase pipe 46 of the low-temperature container is ensured, and the pressure of the liner 42 is ensured not to be over-pressurized, so that safety protection is formed.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the vent hole 21 is provided at an end of the partition 20 away from the inner container 42, so that at least one insulating layer 13 is provided between the vent hole 21 and the inner container 42, thereby ensuring reliability that the first gap 31 is provided with the insulating layer 13 to avoid ice blocking inside thereof. In addition, in the preferred embodiment, a plurality of ventilation holes 21 are provided, and a plurality of ventilation holes 21 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the partition 20 so as to ensure smooth communication between the first gap 31 and the second gap 32. The number of the vent holes 21 may be 12 to 24, and the plurality of vent holes 21 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the partition 20. The vent 21 may have a circular or rectangular structure, and may be, for example, a circular hole having a diameter of 8 to 16 mm. The size and number of the ventilation holes 21 may be set according to the width of the first gap 31, and it is necessary to ensure that the gas in the first gap 31 smoothly flows out of the ventilation holes 21.

In this embodiment, the insulating layer 13 may be a wool felt material, and its thickness may be 1mm. The insulating layer 13 and the protective element 10 may be connected with an interference fit to ensure that the insulating layer 13 covers the cross section of the first gap 31.

In addition, in the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of heat insulating layers 13 are provided, and a plurality of heat insulating layers 13 are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the first gap 31, so that the reliability of the occurrence of ice clogging in the first gap 31 is ensured.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, shielding layers 12 are disposed on both sides of a heat insulating layer 13, the shielding layers 12 are sandwiched between the heat insulating layer 13 and a heat insulating layer 11, and a surface of a protecting member 10 facing the inner container is the shielding layer 12; the surface of the shielding layer 12 is polished, and both sides thereof are connected with the heat insulating layer 13 and the heat insulating layer 11 by low-temperature adhesive, respectively, so that the connection between the layers in the protector 10 is ensured to be reliable.

According to the neck structure of the low-temperature container, disclosed by the utility model, the heat leakage of the neck structure of the low-temperature container is reduced by arranging the protective piece with the multi-layer structure in the neck pipe, the heat insulation layer can greatly reduce the convection heat leakage in the neck pipe and the cold loss caused by heat conduction and heat leakage, and the shielding layer can reduce the cold loss caused by radiation heat leakage of the neck. In addition, still through setting up the separator between protection piece and neck, reduce the cross-sectional area of passageway between inner bag and the gas phase pipe for the velocity of flow when evaporating gas passes through the neck discharge improves, thereby realizes promoting evaporating gas and neck's heat exchange efficiency, makes evaporating gas's cold volume conduct to the multilayer through the neck on wrapping the heat insulation material, and makes its temperature reduce, thereby realizes evaporating gas's cold volume recovery, and then reduces inner bag and external radiation leakage's cold volume.

The second aspect of the utility model provides a cryogenic container, comprising a cryogenic container neck structure, wherein the cryogenic container neck structure can greatly reduce convection heat leakage, heat conduction heat leakage and radiation heat leakage, and can realize cold recovery of evaporated gas, thereby reducing the evaporation rate of the cryogenic container and being beneficial to better storing cryogenic mediums such as liquid helium and the like.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing examples are merely specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that while the foregoing examples are described in detail, the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features within the technical scope of the disclosure of the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A cryogenic container neck finish, the cryogenic container neck finish comprising:

the protection piece is formed into a multi-layer structure and is arranged in a neck pipe of the low-temperature container, the protection piece is coated on the outer wall of a liquid phase pipe positioned in the neck pipe, and a gap for communicating a gas phase pipe with an inner container is formed between the side wall of the protection piece and the inner wall of the neck pipe;

the protection member includes a heat insulating layer and a shielding layer, and at least one side of the heat insulating layer is provided with the shielding layer along an axial direction of the cryogenic container.

2. A cryogenic container neck structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating layer is formed in a columnar structure, the shielding layer is formed in a plate-like structure, and the heat insulating layer and the shielding layer are provided in contact with each other.

3. A cryogenic container neck structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat insulating layers are provided, a plurality of heat insulating layers being arranged in an axial direction of the cryogenic container, and the shielding layer being provided between two adjacent heat insulating layers.

4. A cryogenic container neck system according to claim 1, wherein the top of the protector extends to the bottom of the flange assembly of the cryogenic container and the bottom of the protector extends to the top of the liner.

5. A cryogenic container neck finish according to claim 1, further comprising:

a partition member formed in a circular cylindrical structure, the partition member being disposed between the protector and the neck pipe;

the gap includes:

a first gap between the protector and the separator;

a second gap is located between the divider and the neck.

6. A cryogenic container neck system according to claim 5, wherein the side wall of the partition is provided with a vent hole such that the first gap and the second gap communicate;

the protector further includes:

the shielding layer is arranged on at least one side of the heat insulation layer; the circumferential side wall of the heat insulating layer is connected with the inner wall of the partition, and gas can penetrate through the heat insulating layer.

7. The cryogenic container neck system of claim 6 wherein a plurality of said insulation layers are provided, a plurality of said insulation layers being spaced apart along the length of said first gap.

8. A cryogenic container neck structure according to claim 7, wherein the barrier layer is provided on both sides of the insulating layer, the barrier layer being sandwiched between the insulating layer and the insulating layer.

9. The cryogenic container neck system of claim 6 wherein said vent holes are provided at an end of said divider remote from said liner, said vent holes being provided in plurality and a plurality of said vent holes being circumferentially spaced around said divider.

10. A cryogenic container comprising a cryogenic container neck structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.