KR20130090477A - Marine vertical multistage desalinator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A multi-stage fresh water generator for a marine vertical type is provided to improve a fresh water production capability per a unit time by installing multiple evaporators up and down vertically. CONSTITUTION: A multi-stage fresh water generator (200) for a marine vertical type comprises multiple evaporators for evaporating seawater (320). Multiple evaporators are comprised perpendicularly in one container, and implement a miniaturization of the fresh water generator and a minimum of an establishment area. Multiple evaporators manufacture a lot of fresh water (280) per a unit calorie. The seawater for an evaporation injected into the evaporator is injected into the evaporator of an upper part, and releases a steam. The seawater for the evaporation is flowed into a second evaporator (230) of a lower part along a fluid path by gravity, and prevents a heat loss to an outside. A temperature of the seawater is increased to a lower part of the evaporator of a multi-stage, and an evaporation generation rate of the steam increases.

Description

Marine vertical multistage desalinator

The present invention relates to an evaporative seawater tide device that obtains fresh water by evaporating seawater using hot water generated from an engine heat of a ship or an offshore structure using an engine. The evaporator is configured vertically and vertically, which greatly reduces the installation area of the water heaters on ships or offshore structures, and effectively installs them.The multiple evaporators are located inside a single cylinder to block heat loss to the outside. The present invention relates to an energy-saving multi-stage vertical multi-stage evaporator and a condenser in which the seawater temperature is increased by the flow, which greatly increases the freshwater production.

Ships and offshore structures generally require fresh water producers for boiler feedwater, equipment cleaning and cooling, ballast water treatment, and household water. In general, the method of preparing fresh water from seawater includes evaporation, reverse osmosis, freezing, and electrodialysis. Among these, the freshwater manufacturing method using engine heat of ship or engine heat for power generation of offshore structures is evaporation method, and it is divided into single-effect system employing one evaporator and multi-stage effector system using several evaporators to increase the fresh water. This multi-stage water tank is divided into multi-effect evaporation (MED) and multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), and is mainly applied to a large land freshwater system producing a large amount of fresh water. On the other hand, the water tank of the marine vessel is a single-effect system, and if the fresh water demand of the vessel is large, the heat transfer area of the evaporator and the condenser of the tank is large, and the size of the tank is large, which causes a problem of occupying a large installation area. .

First, in the conventional single-effect water heater system using the ship engine heat as a heat source, as shown in Fig. 1, the evaporator 110 for evaporating sea water, the condenser 120 for condensing evaporated water vapor, the evaporator and the condenser space are vacuumed. Ejector 150 is made of, and a condenser (Demister) to prevent the inflow of seawater droplets into the condenser. The principle is that the hot water 130 of about 60 ° C generated from the ship engine circulates inside the tube of the evaporator 110 to heat the seawater outside the tube to generate water vapor. The vaporized water vapor is condensed on the outer surface of the condenser via the upper demister and becomes fresh water 160. The seawater 140 introduced into the water tank is first injected into the condenser 120, and condensed water vapor outside the pipe to make fresh water, and the temperature rises and is injected into the ejector and the evaporator. Ejector 120 functions to maintain the pressure of the system in a vacuum to facilitate the evaporation of sea water even at low temperatures.

In addition, the structure and principle of the multi-effect evaporation method (MED) applied to the land, unlike a single stage high pressure as shown in Figure 3, a plurality of evaporators (410 ~ 430) is composed of a series (Series). The principle of the triple-effect MED 400 having three evaporators, the hot water of the engine flows into the inner tube of the first evaporator to heat the sea water outside the tube to generate steam. The generated water vapor is transferred from the first evaporator 410 through the pipe and introduced into the pipe of the second evaporator 420 hypothesized on the side. This steam heats the seawater outside the second evaporator 420 tube to produce steam again and condenses itself into fresh water. The water vapor evaporated in the second evaporator is injected into the third evaporator 430 through a pipe to heat the seawater, generate additional water vapor, and condense itself. The water vapor evaporated in the third evaporator finally becomes fresh water by seawater introduced from the condenser 440. In this way, the injection of hot water from the engine jacket into the first evaporator results in a high yield system in which fresh water is obtained from the second evaporator, the third evaporator, and the condenser, but the loss of thermal energy is caused by the flow of the seawater through the pipe.

 Multi-stage flash distillation is a process requiring high temperature hot water such as steam, and condensed water vapor evaporated from the plurality of evaporators 510 while flowing the condenser 520 installed in series as shown in FIG. In the bottom of the evaporator is further heated by steam or the like. The seawater introduced in the lower part of the evaporator passes through a plurality of consecutive evaporators and evaporates itself to produce a large amount of fresh water. The MSF method is a system that is not applicable to the ship engine heat hot water process of about 60 ℃ low efficiency.

In this way, the multi-utility and multi-stage flash distillation method can obtain a large amount of fresh water despite the injection of the same amount of heat as the single stage water heater. However, since a large number of evaporators are installed horizontally, a large installation area is required. It is hypothesized.

In the case of ships, the water tank is installed in the main engine room, which causes a very narrow installation allowable area. Offshore structures are also limited to the installation area by being installed in the ocean (Ocean), unlike ships are composed of a number of engines for power generation, the load fluctuations are so severe that the production of hot water is not constant. The operation of the evaporative water heater for producing fresh water using the cooling water of such a generator has many problems such as seawater control, calorie control, salinity control, and low yield according to the amount of hot water.

Therefore, a marine water tanker is required to devise a new water tanker that can minimize the installation area and minimize heat loss based on the same fresh water production capacity.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention by installing a plurality of evaporators vertically in one casing (Case), while the production of fresh water to obtain a large amount of fresh water in the same way as multi-utilization, The installation area is to provide a compact space-reduced vertical tidal device which is the same as the single effect.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described by the following embodiments, which may be realized by means and combinations of the claims.

The present invention as a means for solving the above problems, in the evaporative seawater tanker of the vessel, the first evaporator to the seawater evaporated; An upper second evaporator for evaporating water vapor flowing upwards to heat evaporate the seawater again; A third evaporator for reheating the sea water by flowing water vapor evaporated in the second evaporator to the upper portion; Evaporated water vapor is characterized in that it comprises a condenser to condense.

In addition, the second evaporator heats the seawater outside the tube while the water vapor evaporated in the first evaporator flows inside the tube, and the third evaporator heats the seawater outside the tube while the water vapor evaporated in the second evaporator flows inside the tube. It characterized in that to generate water vapor

In addition, the upper portion of the first evaporator is characterized in that the dual flow path and seawater recovery diaphragm is configured so that the seawater does not flow into the second evaporator tube by the flow of the vessel.

In addition, the sea water outside the third evaporator tube ejects water vapor by the water vapor inside the evaporator tube, and after the temperature rises, enters the second evaporator by gravity, and the sea water of the second evaporator rises after the water vapor is discharged. By entering the first evaporator, the energy requirement for increasing the seawater temperature inside the evaporator is reduced and the fresh water production capacity per unit time is greatly increased.

As described above, the present invention, in the evaporative water tanker to obtain fresh water by evaporating the sea water using hot water, such as the engine heat of the vessel, by installing a plurality of evaporators vertically up and down to greatly increase the fresh water production capacity per unit time On the other hand, the required installation area requires only the area of a single stage water tank with one evaporator and one condenser. This is a very effective device technology for ships or offshore structures with limited installation area.

In addition, since there is no flow of water vapor through the pipes exposed to the outside, the system efficiency can be greatly improved by preventing heat loss, and as the seawater moves from the upper evaporator to the lower evaporator, the seawater is heated to approach the saturated evaporation temperature, thereby increasing the freshwater production amount. And early freshwater productivity.

This invention is a very useful invention as a marine water tanker that obtains 2.7 times of fresh water in the case of vertical triple use based on the same hot water calories and the same area compared to a ship single stage system using hot water.

1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a single stage water tanker using a marine engine hot water
2 is a system diagram showing an integrated water dispenser employing a vertical multi-stage evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of an onshore multi-effect evaporator
4 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of onshore multistage flash distillation

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention consists of a plurality of evaporators in a water tank in a single casing (Case) by miniaturizing and minimizing the installation area and minimizing heat loss for ships to obtain a greater amount of fresh water It is to provide a tidal device.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying Figure 2 will be described in detail the low-pressure evaporator is improved performance according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

As shown, the vertical type water purifier according to the present invention is a shell case 200, a first evaporator 220, a second evaporator 230, a third evaporator 240, a condenser 250, an ejector ( 300), the demister and the separator 260, seawater recovery passage 270, consists of a seawater pump 290, fresh water pump (310). The structure is located in the case 200 from the top of the condenser, the third evaporator, the second evaporator, the first evaporator is located, the evaporator and the condenser is made of a plurality of tubes (Tube) bundle.

Referring to the operating principle, the sea water 320 is introduced from the sea by the sea water pump 290 through the condenser most of the sea water flows to the ejector 300, and some of the water is introduced into the third evaporator 240 of the water tank. . The seawater condenses the water vapor finally evaporated in the third evaporator while passing through the condenser 230. In the ejector, high-speed seawater sucks air in the body of the water tank so that the pressure of the water tank is maintained at a low pressure.

The hot water 210 of the ship engine is introduced into the tube of the first evaporator 220 and is discharged after discharging the water vapor by evaporating the sea water outside the tube. The evaporated water vapor flows along the demister and the diaphragm 260 located in the upper portion and flows into the inner tube of the second evaporator 230 to heat the seawater outside the second evaporator to generate the second water vapor, which is condensed and becomes fresh water. At this time, the seawater is evaporated by 539 kcal / kg of heat, which is the latent heat of steam, and the steam becomes liquid water while losing this latent heat.

The water vapor evaporated from the second evaporator flows again along the upper diaphragm 270 to the inner tube of the third evaporator 240 and heats the seawater outside the third evaporator to generate third water vapor and condenses itself into fresh water. do.

The water vapor generated in the third evaporator passes through the diaphragm located above and is cooled in the final condenser 250 to become fresh water.

On the other hand, the seawater inside the ship's water tank due to the waves will cause a flow such as rolling (rolling), so that there is a problem that the seawater is mixed with fresh water without a diaphragm. In all marine single stage steamers, a vapor flow path is formed by a diaphragm to prevent such mixing. In the present invention, a seawater recovery passage 270 is installed in the diaphragm to prevent seawater from mixing with fresh water.

Looking at the flow of seawater flowing into the evaporator, the seawater 320 introduced from the seawater pump 290 first passes through the condenser and then flows into the third evaporator 240 so that some water evaporates and the temperature rises. It flows down through the passage 310 to the second evaporator. The seawater further discharged by the second evaporator becomes a temperature close to the saturation temperature and flows down into the passage 310 by gravity with the first evaporator located below. In addition, fresh water 280 generated in each evaporator is collected by a fresh water pump 310.

If the two evaporator is a two-stage water vaporizer, the water vapor evaporated from the second evaporator 230 will be directly injected into the condenser and desalted.

Freshwater Production Comparison

Comparing the fresh water generation amount between the single stage water tank and the water tank according to the present invention is as follows.

If the fresh water output of a single evaporator with one evaporator is 5,390 kcal / hour of heat from the engine cooling water in the evaporator, 10 kg / h of fresh water is obtained since the heat of evaporation of water is 539 kcal / kg.

According to the theoretical freshwater generation amount of the multi-stage water tank according to the present invention, if 5,390 kcal of heat per hour is supplied from the engine cooling water to the first evaporator of the three-stage water tank, the evaporation heat of water is 539 kcal per kg.

. Evaporation amount 320 of the first evaporator: 10 kg / h

. Evaporation amount of the second evaporator 340 by evaporation steam: 10 kg / h

   ¡Æ the water vapor of the first evaporator is condensed in the second evaporator, resulting in fresh water (340): 10 kg / h

. Evaporation amount of the third evaporator by the water vapor evaporated in the second evaporator: 10kg / h

        ¡Æ condensed freshwater generation in the third evaporator (350): 10 kg / h

. Condensation amount of the final condenser (360): 10 kg / h

Therefore, the total freshwater production of the three stage evaporator with three evaporators is 30 kg / h, which is the sum of fresh water 340, 350 and 360. This is the amount of fresh water that is three times that of the conventional single-use water tanker, and if the heat loss is regarded as 10%, it is 2.7 times at 27 kg / h.

The evaporator according to the present invention can be applied to a plurality of evaporators, such as two stages, three stages, and four stages.In the same area as the single stage water dispenser, the two stage evaporator has a fresh water generation amount of 1.8 times and quadruple effect of 3.6 times. Fresh water is obtained.

3 and 4 show a diagram of a conventional multi-effect and multi-stage flash evaporator, in which a first evaporator, a second evaporator, a third evaporator, and a condenser are continuously configured. This has the problem that the amount of fresh water is generated but installation space is greatly required and heat loss is generated.

The idea of the present invention is to create a miniaturization by allowing a large number of evaporators and condensers in one vessel in the water tank of the vessel or offshore structure, so that it can be easily applied to ships that are limited by space, capacity It is possible to hypothesize a number of evaporator up and down with the increase of, and includes the idea to increase the freshwater generation capacity by connecting a single vessel multi-effect air conditioner set in parallel.

Although described above with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, various modified technologies, such as the application of a mixed type of evaporation and reverse osmosis applied the spirit of the present invention, many within a single container which is a category of technical idea defined in the claims. It is noted that it is included in the multi-stage evaporator structure and principle.

In addition, it is obvious that the present invention can be widely applied not only for ships, but also for land use, which is restricted in installation space.

100: forging water heater 110: evaporator 120; Condenser
130: engine hot water 140,290: seawater pump 150,300; Ejector
160,280; Freshwater 170; Demister 200; Vertical Multistage Tanker
210; Engine hot water 220; First evaporator 230; Second evaporator
240; Third evaporator 250; Condenser 260; Demister and Diaphragm
270; Seawater recovery passage 310; Seawater descent Euro 320; sea water
330; Fresh water pump 400; Multi-effect evaporative desalers 410,420,430; Evaporator 440; Condenser 500; Multi-stage flash freshener 510; evaporator
520; Condenser

Claims (2)

In evaporative water tanks that produce fresh water from ships or offshore structures, multiple evaporators that evaporate sea water are constructed vertically in one single vessel, miniaturizing the water tanks, minimizing the installation area, and producing a large amount per unit calorie. A tidal device characterized by producing fresh water. The method of claim 1, wherein the evaporated seawater injected into the evaporator is injected into the evaporator of the uppermost to release water vapor, and by the gravity flows along the flow path to the lower second evaporator to prevent heat loss to the outside, Water tank which has the characteristic that the temperature of sea water rises toward the lower part of the evaporator and the evaporation amount of water vapor increases.

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