KR20130053582A - Dye-sensitized solar cell using the substrate having functional coating layer - Google Patents

Dye-sensitized solar cell using the substrate having functional coating layer Download PDF

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KR20130053582A
KR20130053582A KR1020110118876A KR20110118876A KR20130053582A KR 20130053582 A KR20130053582 A KR 20130053582A KR 1020110118876 A KR1020110118876 A KR 1020110118876A KR 20110118876 A KR20110118876 A KR 20110118876A KR 20130053582 A KR20130053582 A KR 20130053582A
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South Korea
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substrate
dye
solar cell
sensitized solar
coating layer
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KR1020110118876A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101380552B1 (en
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동현배
이진우
강정현
전유택
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현대하이스코 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
    • H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells

Abstract

A dye-sensitized solar cell using a substrate having a functional coating layer made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance to an electrolyte is disclosed.
A dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention includes a first substrate comprising a metal substrate and a functional coating layer made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance to an electrolyte; A second substrate facing the first substrate; A semiconductor oxide electrode disposed on the functional coating layer; A counter electrode disposed on the second substrate so as to face the semiconductor oxide electrode; And an electrolyte layer interposed between the semiconductor oxide electrode and the counter electrode.

Description

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Substrate with Functional Coating Layer {DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL USING THE SUBSTRATE HAVING FUNCTIONAL COATING LAYER}

The present invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell, and more particularly to a dye-sensitized solar cell using a substrate having a functional coating layer.

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) mainly consist of dye molecules capable of absorbing visible light to produce electron-hole pairs, and transition metal oxides that deliver the generated electrons. It is a photoelectrochemical solar cell made of a material.

In general, a dye-sensitized solar cell is a porous transition metal oxide layer adsorbed by a dye adsorbing light between two glass substrates facing each other, a catalyst thin film electrode facing the transition metal oxide layer, and between them It consists of an electrolyte interposed on.

Among the components of the above-described dye-sensitized solar cell, the glass substrate is coated with a conductive transparent electrode on its surface. Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) is mainly used as the conductive transparent electrode because FTO has the lowest reactivity with the electrolyte and is stable even for long time use.

However, FTO-coated glass substrates are relatively expensive, accounting for 60% of the total cost of solar cells, have a relatively high resistance of 10 to 15? / Cm 2, and are fragile. In addition, it is difficult to introduce a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell due to its non-bending characteristic.

A related prior art is Korean Patent No. 10-0786334 (published on Dec. 17, 2007), which discloses a glass substrate on which an FTO thin film is deposited. In recent years, flexible dye-sensitized solar cells have attracted attention, and researches thereof have been actively conducted.

An object of the present invention is to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell that can improve the efficiency of the battery using a substrate having a functional coating layer capable of improving the conductivity and corrosion resistance to the substrate.

Dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, a first substrate comprising a metal substrate and a functional coating layer made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance to the electrolyte; A second substrate facing the first substrate; A semiconductor oxide electrode disposed on the functional coating layer; A counter electrode disposed on the second substrate so as to face the semiconductor oxide electrode; And an electrolyte layer interposed between the semiconductor oxide electrode and the counter electrode.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate of the upper electrode structure is provided with a functional coating layer made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance to the electrolyte to improve the conductivity of the substrate and prevent corrosion by the electrolyte efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell Can improve.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a dye-sensitized solar cell according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent by reference to the embodiments described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in various forms, and only the present embodiments are intended to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and the general knowledge in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is defined only by the scope of the claims. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the specification.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a dye-sensitized solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a dye-sensitized solar cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 110 and a first substrate 110 including a metal substrate 112 and a functional coating layer 114. The second substrate 120 opposite to the semiconductor substrate 130, the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 disposed on the functional coating layer 114, and the counter electrode 150 correspondingly disposed to face the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 on the second substrate 120. ), A sealing member 170 for joining the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 along the edge; An electrolyte layer 180 may be interposed between the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 and the counter electrode 150.

The first substrate 110 may be formed of the metal substrate 112 and the functional coating layer 114 formed on at least one surface of the metal substrate 112.

For example, the metal substrate 112 may be formed of a material including at least one of stainless steel (SUS), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), and nickel (Ni). . Preferably, the metal substrate 112 may be formed of SUS having excellent corrosion resistance to the electrolyte.

In addition, the SUS substrate is competitive in price, easy to purchase, and easily bent. In addition, as shown in Table 1 below has a high conductivity compared to the FTO coated glass, and has the advantage of maintaining a high conductivity even after heating to a high temperature.

Type of substrate  Surface resistance (Ω / ㎠)  Before heat treatment After heat treatment (500 ℃, 1 hour) FTO coated glass 14.4 66.7 Ti 0.40 × 10 -3 0.70 × 10 -3 SUS 0.91 × 10 -3 0.91 × 10 -3

However, SUS substrate I (iodine) and I - (iodide anion) susceptible to corrosion because there is a limit to sufficiently inhibit the corrosion caused by the electrolyte and for the required complement of this, as will be described later.

Here, the metal substrate 112 may have a property of rigidity or flexibility. When the metal substrate 112 has a flexible characteristic, the metal substrate 112 may be formed to a thickness of several μm to several mm, but is not limited thereto.

The functional coating layer 114 is to improve conductivity of the first substrate 110 and to improve corrosion resistance to the electrolyte. The functional coating layer 114 may be formed of a material having strong corrosion resistance to I − ions and excellent conductivity to easily move electrons. .

For example, the functional coating layer 114 is formed of a material including at least one of titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), and silicon (Si), or at least one of titanium, chromium, zirconium, and silicon. It may be formed of one or more materials including alloys, oxides, carbides and nitrides. The functional coating layer 114 has a high conductivity (see Table 1), and is preferably formed of titanium (Ti) having excellent corrosion resistance to the electrolyte so as to prevent corrosion to the electrolyte.

The functional coating layer 114 may be formed in a thickness of 20nm to 2000nm range. When the thickness of the functional coating layer 114 is less than 20 nm, it may not have corrosion resistance to the electrolyte. On the other hand, when the thickness of the functional coating layer 114 exceeds 2000nm, the coating cost is high, the adhesion to the metal substrate 112 may be inferior.

The second substrate 120 may have transparency. In this case, the second substrate 120 may be formed of, for example, a transparent polymer film coated with a transparent electrode.

For example, the transparent polymer film may be polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyethersulphone (PES), and polyimide (PEN). Polyimide; PI) may be formed to include one or more. The transparent electrode may be disposed on a surface in contact with the counter electrode 150 and may be formed of, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO).

In addition, the second substrate 120 may have a property of rigidity or flexibility. When the second substrate 120 has a flexible characteristic, the second substrate 120 may be formed to a thickness of several μm to several mm, but is not limited thereto.

At least one region of the second substrate 120 may have at least one electrolyte injection hole (not shown) used as an injection hole when the electrolyte layer 180 is formed.

When the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 have a flexible characteristic, the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 may have a flexible (flexible) characteristics. That is, even under an external force that can deform the appearance of the product, the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 can operate normally without substantial loss of function or damage to the product.

The semiconductor oxide electrode 130 may be formed on the functional coating layer 114 spaced apart from the side end of the first substrate 110 inwardly between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. The semiconductor oxide electrode 130 As a working electrode, it may include a porous semiconductor oxide layer 132 and a dye 134 adsorbed on the surface of the semiconductor oxide layer 132.

The semiconductor oxide layer 132 may be formed of at least one oxide semiconductor particles of metal oxides including a transition metal oxide. For example, transition metal oxides include titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), tin dioxide (SnO 2 ), zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), magnesium oxide (MgO), and niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) And zinc oxide (ZnO), and the like. The semiconductor oxide layer 132 is preferably formed of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) to improve light efficiency. The material for forming the semiconductor oxide layer 132 is not particularly limited to the above materials.

The semiconductor oxide layer 132 may be formed of, for example, oxide semiconductor particles having a particle size of a nano class size having an average particle diameter of 5 to 30 nm.

The dye 134 may include at least one of dye molecules that may be adsorbed on the semiconductor oxide layer 132 to generate excitation electrons by sunlight. For example, the dye 134 may be formed of a metal complex, in which case it is made of dye molecules such as ruthenium complexes such as Ruthenium 535-bisTBA (N719) or Ruthenium 620-1H3TBA (Black dye). Can be done. Alternatively, the dye 134 may be composed of at least one dye molecule of an organic dye, a quantum dot or a natural dye. The dye 134 is not particularly limited as long as it is a dye molecule capable of generating excitation electrons by sunlight. Here, the first substrate 110 and the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 is formed of the upper electrode structure 140.

The counter electrode 150 is disposed to face the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 to face each other. The counter electrode 150 may be formed on the second substrate 120 to correspond to the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 by being spaced apart from the side end of the second substrate 120.

The counter electrode 150 is in contact with the electrolyte layer 180 to participate in the reduction process of the electrolyte. If the electrolyte layer 180 includes an iodine-based redox electrolyte, the counter electrode 150 may be formed of platinum (Pt) or carbon. Here, the second substrate 120 and the counter electrode 150 are formed of the lower electrode structure 160.

The first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 are bonded to each other along the edge by the sealing member 170 and sealed. One side of the sealing member 170 is in contact with the top surface of the functional coating layer 114, the other side is in contact with the top surface of the second substrate 120. The sealing member 170 may have a closed loop shape surrounding the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 and the counter electrode 150. A space is partitioned between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 by the sealing member 170.

The electrolyte layer 180 may be interposed in a space between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120 partitioned by the sealing member 170. In detail, the electrolyte layer 180 may be filled with an electrolyte in a liquid, semi-solid, or solid state in a space between the semiconductor oxide electrode 130 and the counter electrode 150.

For example, the electrolyte layer 180 may include an iodine-based redox electrolyte. In this case, the electrolyte layer 180 is 0.6M 3-propyl-1,2-dimethyl imidazolium iodide (DMPImI), 0.1M lithium iodide (LiI). may be an electrolytic solution of -) and an I 2 (Iodine) of 40mM that I 3 dissolved in acetonitrile (acetonitrile) solution - / I. The electrolyte layer 180 may use various electrolyte solutions within a range in which electrons may be supplied to the dye 134 by an oxidation-reduction reaction.

Although not shown, the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 may further include an external circuit connected to each of the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.

The driving mechanism of the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 is as follows. When sunlight passes through the second substrate 120 into the dye-sensitized solar cell 100, light is absorbed into the dye 134, whereby the dye molecules are excited from the ground state to the excited state. Electron-hole pairs are generated to generate electron-hole pairs, and electrons in an excited state are injected into a conduction band of the semiconductor oxide layer 132, and electrons are injected into the semiconductor oxide electrode 130. Is transferred to the functional transparent layer 114 through the nanoparticle interface to generate a current. Holes generated in the dye molecule are electrons are reduced by the redox electrolyte to be reduced again.

Dye-sensitized solar cell 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a functional coating layer 114 made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance on the first substrate 110 to improve the conductivity of the first substrate 110. While improving, the corrosion resistance of the first substrate 110 to the electrolyte may be improved. Accordingly, the mobility of electrons in the first substrate 110 may be increased, and the efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell 100 may be improved by preventing corrosion of the first substrate 110 by the electrolyte.

In addition, the first substrate 110 is made of a metal material, the second substrate 120 is formed of a polymer material to control the thickness of the two substrates (110, 120) so that the two substrates (110, 120) have flexibility. In this case, it is possible to manufacture a flexible dye-sensitized solar cell 100.

Hereinafter, battery efficiency according to the thickness of the functional coating layer and the conductivity according to the application of the functional coating layer were evaluated.

<Evaluation of Battery Efficiency According to Thickness of Functional Coating Layer>

Table 2 below shows the voltage-current density measurement results of the dye-sensitized solar cell device according to the thickness of the functional coating layer formed on the SUS substrate. Ti was used as the functional coating layer, and the thicknesses of the used Ti were 100 nm, 500 nm, and 1000 nm. The other structure was formed similarly to the normal dye-sensitized solar cell.

Type of substrate Jsc (mA / ㎠) Voc (V) FF Efficiency (%) Ti (100 nm) / SUS 11.8 0.760 0.74 6.8 Ti (500nm) / SUS 13.2 0.761 0.72 7.4 Ti (1000nm) / SUS 12.2 0.789 0.75 7.3

Here, Jsc is a short circuit current (short-circuit current), Voc is an open-circuit voltage, FF is a fill factor (fill factor).

Referring to Table 2, under the same conditions, when the thickness of Ti increased from 100 nm to 500 nm, the efficiency increased significantly from 6.8% to 7.4%. , When the thickness of Ti is 500nm it was confirmed that the efficiency is the maximum.

Through this, it was found that the functional coating layer to which Ti is applied is preferably formed at a thickness of 500 nm in terms of battery efficiency and manufacturing cost.

<Evaluation of Conductivity by Application of Functional Coating Layer>

Table 3 below shows the conductivity measurement results of the conventional FTO coated glass substrate and the SUS substrate on which the functional coating layer is formed. Ti was used as the functional coating layer, and the thickness of Ti used was 500 nm. The thickness of the FTO used is 500 nm. The other configuration was formed in the same manner as a conventional dye-sensitized solar cell, and the device was manufactured in a size of 2.0 × 3.5 cm 2.

Type of substrate FTO / Glass Ti / SUS Resistance (Ω / ㎠) 1.03 × 10 5.35 × 10 -3

Referring to Table 3, it was confirmed that the conductivity of the Ti-coated SUS substrate is 5.35 × 10 -3 is superior to the FTO coated glass substrate having a conductivity of 1.03 × 10. As a result, it was found that the use of a Ti-coated SUS substrate is preferable to the use of an FTO-coated glass substrate in terms of improving conductivity.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. These changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the following claims.

100 dye-sensitized solar cell 110 first substrate
112: metal substrate 114: functional coating layer
120: second substrate 130: semiconductor oxide electrode
132 semiconductor oxide layer 134 dye
140: upper electrode structure 150: counter electrode
160: lower electrode structure 170: sealing member
180: electrolyte layer

Claims (7)

A first substrate comprising a metal substrate and a functional coating layer made of a material having conductivity and corrosion resistance to the electrolyte;
A second substrate facing the first substrate;
A semiconductor oxide electrode disposed on the functional coating layer;
A counter electrode disposed on the second substrate so as to face the semiconductor oxide electrode; And
Dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a; electrolyte layer interposed between the semiconductor oxide electrode and the counter electrode.
The method of claim 1,
The functional coating layer
Dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that formed of a material containing at least one of titanium, chromium, zirconium and silicon.
The method of claim 1,
The functional coating layer
Dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that formed of at least one of alloys, oxides, carbides and nitrides containing at least one of titanium, chromium, zirconium and silicon.
The method of claim 1,
The functional coating layer
Dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that formed in a thickness of 20nm to 2000nm range.
The method of claim 1,
The metal substrate
Dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that formed of a material containing at least one of stainless steel, iron, titanium, aluminum and nickel.
The method of claim 1,
The second substrate is a dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that having transparency.
The method according to claim 6,
The second substrate is a dye-sensitized solar cell, characterized in that formed of a transparent polymer film coated with a transparent electrode.
KR1020110118876A 2011-11-15 2011-11-15 Dye-sensitized solar cell using the substrate having functional coating layer KR101380552B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016171290A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-27 현대제철 주식회사 Metal substrate-using dye-sensitive solar cell having excellent corrosion resistance and back leakage current cut-off effect, and manufacturing method therefor
WO2016171289A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-27 현대제철 주식회사 Dye-sensitized solar cell using surface processing of metal substrate, and production method therefor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101042959B1 (en) * 2004-06-03 2011-06-20 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Solar cell and manufacturing method thereof
KR20060085465A (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 삼성전자주식회사 Continuous semiconductive electrode, process for preparing the same and solar cells using the same
JP4911556B2 (en) * 2005-05-13 2012-04-04 日本カーリット株式会社 Catalyst electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell and dye-sensitized solar cell including the same
KR20110129959A (en) * 2009-03-17 2011-12-02 코나르카 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 Metal substrate for a dye sensitized photovolatic cell

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016171290A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-27 현대제철 주식회사 Metal substrate-using dye-sensitive solar cell having excellent corrosion resistance and back leakage current cut-off effect, and manufacturing method therefor
WO2016171289A1 (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-27 현대제철 주식회사 Dye-sensitized solar cell using surface processing of metal substrate, and production method therefor
KR20160124975A (en) * 2015-04-20 2016-10-31 현대제철 주식회사 Dye sensitive solar cell using surface treatment of metal substrate and method of manufacturing the same

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