KR20120125126A - Culture methods and apparatuses of benthic diatoms - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for culturing benthic diatoms are provided to enhance adhesion and proliferation of the benthic diatoms and to automatically supply culture water. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for culturing benthic diatoms comprises: a transfer device(20) for mixing and supplying seawater and a nutrient medium; and a culture device(30) which proliferates the benthic diatoms using culture water. The transfer device comprises: a pipe which supplies the seawater; a nutrition tank which is connected to the pipe and supplies the nutrition medium; a transfer pump which supplies the culture water to the culture device; and a filter for filtering foreign materials. The transfer device further comprises a washing unit which supplies sodium hypochlorite or chlorine. The culture device comprises a case, a culture plate, a slope plate, and a spray nozzle.

Description

Culture methods and apparatuses of benthic diatoms

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for culturing attached diatoms, and more particularly, to a method for culturing attached diatoms by supplying culture water mixed with seawater and a nutrient medium to a culture apparatus in which the attached diatoms are accommodated. Relates to a device.

In general, adherent diatoms are classified into microalgae and Baci1larlophyceae, which are commonly used as food organisms in aquaculture as a primary producer of organic matter from photosynthesis.

In particular, it is essentially used as a prey during the larval rearing of gastropods, such as abalone turban shells, bivalve shells such as shellfish, eukaryotic shellfish such as sea cucumber sea urchins, and crustaceans such as large and medium-large masses.

In recent years, the use of attached diatoms has been expanding, as it is used as a food source for early larvae while farming worms in China and Japan.

In addition, diatoms among microalgae are generally high in minerals and vitamins and contain useful fatty acids such as EPA and DHA, making them highly valuable as feed and being targeted for biodiesel production. Is increasing.

In addition, cultivation of adherent diatoms is mainly used to induce adherence of attached diatoms by immersing the wavepan made of polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride in the seawater, and to use them to feed the aquaculture organisms.

However, the culture of adherent diatoms has a problem in that it is difficult to mass-produce by a general floating microalgae culture because of the characteristics of adhesion.

In more detail, the microalgae cultivation method often uses a large amount of medium, so that it is difficult to recover the microalgae, and when a large amount of cultured water is used, light transmittance is reduced, so the amount of light available to the microalgae is reduced. There is a problem that the lack of light and the rate of light transmission due to self-shading decreases as the algae proliferates, the growth of the microalgae is stagnant, there is a problem that the dead cells increase.

On the other hand, in the case of worms, until now, the attached diatoms can be recovered by attaching them to the swash plate, or the attached diatoms attached naturally are used. However, it is difficult to produce the desired diatoms in large quantities. There is a need for a method or apparatus for mass production and drying or for use as raw feed.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the purpose is to mount at least one or more culture plates in the case to enable mass production while increasing the attachment and growth of the attached diatom.

In addition, the purpose is to be able to automatically supply the culture water with the maintenance of the constant culture water to the culture plate using the spray nozzle and the prevention film to the adhered diatom attached to the surface of the culture plate.

In addition, the purpose is to be able to easily recover the adhered diatom attached to the surface of the culture plate using the water pressure.

In addition, the purpose is to install a lighting means in the case to increase the proliferation rate of the attached diatom by supplying light to the inside of the case for 24 hours.

In order to achieve the above object, it characterized in that it comprises a transport means for mixing and supplying seawater and nutrient medium, and a culture apparatus for propagating the adhered diatom contained therein using the culture water supplied through the transport means It is done.

In addition, the transfer means is a pipe for supplying sea water, a nutrient tank connected to the pipe to supply the nutrient medium, a transfer pump for supplying the culture water mixed with the sea water and nutrient medium to the culture apparatus, and the transfer pump and the culture It is characterized in that it comprises a filter mounted between the apparatus to filter foreign matter contained in the culture water.

In addition, the culture apparatus is a case in which the discharge passage is formed in the lower or side, the culture plate is horizontally mounted in the case and both sides and the front surface is in close contact with the case, and the inclined plate formed to be inclined while being coupled to the rear of the culture plate and It is characterized in that it comprises a spray nozzle mounted on top of the culture plate and spraying the culture water supplied through the transfer means.

In addition, a transport means preparing step of preparing a transport means for supplying the culture water, preparing a culture device for propagating the attached diatom and the culture device preparation step for connecting with the transport means, and through the transport means to the culture plate of the culture device A culture water supplying step of supplying the cultured water to be supplied, a growth induction step of inducing proliferation of the attached diaphragm accommodated in the culture plate of the culture device for a predetermined period of time, and an attachment to remove and recover the attached diatom from the culture plate of the culture device. Characterized in that it comprises a diatom recovery step.

According to the present invention, at least one culture plate may be mounted inside the case to increase the adhesion and growth of the attached diatom, and to mass produce it. There is an effect that can supply the culture water automatically with the maintenance of a constant culture water in the plate.

In addition, by removing the attachment diaphragm attached to the surface of the culture plate by using water pressure, the existing continuous aeration or aeration is not necessary, and there is an effect that can minimize the power and expense accordingly.

In addition, there is an effect that can be mass-produced while increasing the proliferation rate of the attached diatom by supplying lighting to the inside of the case by mounting the lighting means inside the case for 24 hours.

In addition, by mounting the discharge plate and the discharge hose and the recovery pipe in the lower portion of the culture apparatus is discharged to the discharge lake and the settled diatom can be easily collected by the recovery pipe.

1 is a block diagram showing a diatom culture apparatus attached according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the attachment diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a transport means constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a culture apparatus constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing a culture apparatus constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the culture plate and the inclined plate constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the lighting means constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the discharge means constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention.
Figure 9a and 9b is a view showing a coupling state of the inlet and inoculation constituting the diatom culture apparatus attached according to the present invention.
10 is a sequential diagram showing a method of culturing diatoms according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the configuration of the present invention, Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the attachment diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the attachment diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention 3 is a configuration diagram showing a transfer means constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a perspective view showing a culture apparatus constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 5 Side cross-sectional view showing a culture apparatus constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the culture plate and the inclined plate constituting the attached diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 7 is attached according to the present invention Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the lighting means for constituting the diatom culture device, Figure 8 is a block diagram showing a discharge means for configuring the attached diatom culture device according to the present invention, 9a and 9b is a view showing a coupling state of the injection port and the inoculation unit constituting the adherent diatom culture apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 10 is a sequential diagram showing a method of culturing attached diatoms according to the present invention.

Attached diatom culture apparatus 10 of the present invention to propagate the adhered diatom accommodated therein by using the transport means 20 and the culture water supplied through the transport means 20 and the mixed supply of sea water and nutrient medium The culturing apparatus 30 can be roughly classified.

And when the transfer means 20 and the culture device 30 is composed of a plurality of plural number of the transfer means 20 and the culture device 30 by mounting a control panel 70 in one culture device 30 It reveals that it can be controlled and adjusted.

The conveying means 20 is a pipe 21 for supplying sea water, a nutrient tank 22 connected to the pipe 21 and supplying a nutrient medium, and a culture device in which the sea water and the nutrient medium are mixed. It is composed of a transfer pump 23 to be supplied to the 30, and a filter 24 mounted between the transfer pump 23 and the culture apparatus 30 to filter foreign matter contained in the culture water.

In addition, the transfer means 20 is further equipped with a cleaning unit 25 for supplying a component such as sodium hypochlorite or chlorine to prevent clogging of the filter 24 by foreign matter.

Here, the nutrient medium supplied through the nutrient tank 22 is supplied by selecting or combining nitrate, phosphate, potassium, silicon, and the like, and the filter 24 is composed of two or more filters 24 positioned at the rear. Is formed to have a smaller space than the filtration hole of the filter 24 located in front.

The culture device 30 is a case 31 having a discharge passage (31a) is formed in the lower or side, and the culture plate is horizontally mounted in the case 31 and both sides and the front surface is in close contact with the case 31 (32), the inclined plate 33 is formed to be inclined while being coupled to the rear of the culture plate 32, and the culture water mounted on the upper portion of the culture plate 32 and supplied through the transfer means 20 is sprayed It consists of the injection nozzle 34 to be.

Here, at least one of the culture plate 32 and the inclined plate 33 mounted inside the case 31 is mounted, and the culture plate 32 and the inclined plate 33 positioned at the lower portion thereof are located at the upper portion thereof. 32) and the inclined plate 33 in the opposite direction.

And the case 31 is formed of a transparent or translucent material, and in the present invention, the case 31 is formed of a transparent material so that it can be confirmed with the naked eye in real time.

In addition, as shown in the shape of the case 31 is not only a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but also formed of various shapes such as trapezoidal or cylindrical shape.

In addition, the connecting portion of the culture plate 32 and the inclined plate 33 is formed to protrude in the longitudinal direction to prevent the flow of the culture water 35 to further explain this, the prevention film 35 is the culture plate ( The cultured water stays in the upper part of 32) for the growth of adherent diatom.

In addition, the growth groove 36 recessed in the longitudinal direction on the opposite side of the culture plate 32 coupled to the inclined plate 33 allows the inoculated adherent spawn to grow to the front of the culture plate 32. will be.

Here, the injection hole 37 is formed in the case 31 corresponding to the growth groove 36, and the injection hole 37 may be equipped with an inoculation part 60 provided with a screw cover 62. The injection hole 37 reveals that the inoculation part 60 formed of silicon or rubber may be mounted.

To further explain this, the growth plate 36 is formed in the culture plate 32 to maintain the seed, and the case 31 corresponding to the growth groove 36 forms an injection hole so that the seeded culture can be inoculated. It is.

In addition, when the aseptic culture is to be formed in the culture plate 32, the growth groove 36 in which the seed stays is formed, and then the injection hole 37 is formed in the case 31 corresponding to the growth groove 36. Next, after forming the inoculation part 60 formed of silicon or rubber in the injection hole 37, the inoculation part 60 is to be inoculated through a syringe.

The lighting means 40 mounted to supply light to the center of the case 31 includes at least one lighting tube 41 vertically mounted to the case 31 and light emitting mounted inside the lighting tube 41. Diode 42 or a fluorescent lamp, and the illumination cover 43 for blocking or opening the interior of the light tube 41.

That is, the lighting means 40 is formed to penetrate the light tube 41 perpendicular to the gown of the case 31 so as to supply light that is essentially used for the culture of microalgae, and the inside of the light tube 41 The light emitting diode 42 or the fluorescent lamp is mounted to supply light to the case 31.

At this time, the light tube 41 penetrating the culture plate 32 is mounted to a support just below the culture plate 32 to support the light tube 41.

Discharge means 50 is mounted to the lower portion of the case 31 and the discharge means for recovering the discharge of the culture water and the attached diatom discharge plate 51 is formed in the center of the depression in the shape of an inverted triangle or curved surface, and the discharge plate A discharge hose 52 mounted on the upper portion of 51 and penetrating the discharge passage 31a, and a recovery pipe 53 mounted on one side of the discharge plate 51 and recovering adhered diatoms.

At this time, the upper portion of the discharge hose 52 may be equipped with a fine network to prevent the attachment diatom flows into the upper portion as well as the recovery pipe 53 may be installed in communication in the middle of the discharge hose (52). Reveals.

Another method of culturing attached diatoms of the present invention comprises preparing a transfer means (S100) for preparing a transfer means (20) for supplying culture water, and preparing a culture apparatus (30) for propagating adhered diatoms and the transfer means. Culture device preparation step (S200) and the culture water supply step (S300) for supplying the culture water supplied through the transfer means 20 to the culture plate 32 of the culture device 30 and the culture device 30 connected to the (20) Proliferation-inducing step (S400) of inducing the growth of the attached diaphragm accommodated in the culture plate 32 of the culture device 30 for a predetermined period of time, and attached to remove and recover the adhered diatom from the culture plate 32 of the culture device Diatom recovery step (S500) is made.

That is, the production of adherent diatoms according to the method of culturing adherent diatoms is a process of intermittently simultaneously spraying a culture water formed by mixing a small amount of seawater and nutrient medium, and inducing proliferation of adherent diatoms in a culture plate for a predetermined time. And, removing the attached diatom from the culture plate and recovering.

And in the present invention, the attachment diatom can be further increased through the lighting means, and can easily recover the attachment diatom attached to the culture plate through water pressure.

Referring to the embodiment of the attached diatom culture method and apparatus configured as described above with reference to.

First, a pipe 21 for supplying sea water, a nutrient tank 22 connected to the pipe 21 and supplying a nutrient medium, and culture water mixed with the sea water and the nutrient medium are supplied to the culture apparatus 30. Clogging phenomenon of the filter 24 and the filter 24 mounted between the transfer pump 23 and the culture device 30 to filter foreign matter contained in the culture water, and the filter 24 due to the foreign matter. It comprises a conveying means 20 consisting of a washing unit 25 for supplying a component such as sodium hypochlorite or chlorine to prevent the.

In addition, a case 31 having a discharge passage 31a formed at a lower side or a side thereof on one side of the transfer means 20, and is horizontally mounted in the case 31, and both sides and the front surface of the case 31 are disposed on the case 31. The culture plate 32 to be in close contact, the inclined plate 33 formed to be inclined while being coupled to the rear surface of the culture plate 32, and is mounted on the upper portion of the culture plate 32 and supplied through the transfer means 20 A spray nozzle 34 for spraying culture water, a barrier film 35 protruding in a longitudinal direction from the connection portion of the culture plate 32 and the inclined plate 33, and blocking the flow of the culture water, and the inclined plate 33 ) Is formed of a growth groove 36 formed in the longitudinal direction on the opposite side of the culture plate 32 coupled to the injection plate 37 formed at a position of the case 31 corresponding to the growth groove 36. The culture device 30 is mounted.

At this time, the lower portion of the case 31 and the discharge plate 51, the center portion is formed in the shape of an inverted triangle or curved surface, and is mounted on the upper portion of the discharge plate 51 and penetrates the discharge passage (31a) Ejection means 52 and the discharge means 50 is mounted to one side of the discharge plate 51 and is composed of a recovery pipe 53 for recovering the attached diatom.

Next, at least one lighting tube 41 vertically mounted to the case 31, a light emitting diode 42 or a fluorescent lamp mounted inside the lighting tube 41, and the interior of the lighting tube 41 are blocked. Or mounting the illumination means 40 consisting of a lighting cover 43 to open the assembly of the attached diatom culture apparatus 10 is completed.

Here, assembling order of the method and apparatus for culturing diatoms revealed that it can be configured differently from the above.

Looking at the state of use of the attached diatom culture method and apparatus configured as described above are as follows.

First, a nutrient medium such as nitrate, phosphate, potassium and silicon contained in the nutrient tank 22 is supplied to a pipe 21 through which seawater is supplied, and then the culture water mixed with the seawater and nutrient medium is transferred to the pump 23. After the transfer to the filter 24, the culture water is filtered using the primary filter 24 and the secondary filter 24, and then the injection nozzle 34 mounted inside the case 31 To be delivered to.

At this time, the nutrient medium of the nutrient tank 22 is introduced into the sea water after filtration sterilization or wet sterilization, the middle of the transfer means 20 is equipped with a plurality of valves for the control of the culture water.

Then, the light emitting diode 42 or the fluorescent lamp mounted on the inside of the lighting tube 41 vertically passing through the central portion of the case 31 is operated to supply light to the inside of the case 31.

Next, the seed plate of the diatoms attached to the culture plate 32 is pre-cultured to prepare an inoculation. At this time, the pre-culture is incubated using a test tube container or a flask, so that the adhered diatom can be recovered continuously.

And after the completion of the seeding of the spawn seed in the propagation groove 36 using the injection hole 37 connected to the inoculation unit 60, the pre-culture is completed, the upper surface of the culture plate 32 by using the injection nozzle 34 The culture water is injected to fill each culture plate 32, and the culture is started.

At this time, the inflow of the culture water is introduced to fill the space on each culture plate 32 and the inflow frequency of the culture water is appropriately adjusted according to the growth state of the attached diatom.

Next, when the culture water is sprayed on the culture plate 32, a part of the inoculated adherents are dispersed into the culture plate 32 to start propagation, and the worker injects the culture water strongly at regular intervals according to the growth of the adherent diatoms. The adhesion diaphragm may be removed from the culture plate 32 and recovered.

Here, the injection of the culture water is controlled in accordance with the culture temperature, it is preferable to spray the culture water about once per hour in the summer season when the temperature is high, and about once a day in the low temperature phase.

In addition, the attachment diaphragm separated from the culture plate 32 by the hydraulic pressure of the culture water injected from the injection nozzle 34 may be disposed on the upper part of the discharge plate 51 of the discharge means 50 located at the lower part of the case 31. Settles.

At this time, the attachment diatom is accommodated in the middle through the discharge plate 51 formed in an inverted triangle shape, the culture water is discharged to the outside through the discharge hose 52, the attachment diatom is recovered by using a separate collection device Through the process of collecting the pipe (53) continuously will be to increase the production of diatoms attached.

As described above, the present invention and the method of culturing attached diatoms of the present invention not only can produce microalgae through a new method using a small amount of culture water on the culture plate, but also induces the growth of adherent diatoms by periodically spraying a small amount of the culture solution. By doing so, a large number of culture water is unnecessary and the recovery method of the attached diatom can be obtained economically and simply.

In addition, the diatom culture apparatus and method of the present invention can obtain the effect that can be utilized as a system for the production of useful substances or biodiesel as well as using the attached diatom as a food organism.

In the above description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention, the present invention, the present invention, the present invention has been described with reference to a specific shape and direction, but the present invention can be variously modified and changed by those skilled in the art. It should be construed as being included in the scope of the right.

10: attached diatom culture apparatus, 20: transfer means,
21: piping, 22: nutrient tank,
23: transfer pump, 24: filter,
25: washing unit, 30: incubator,
31: case, 32: culture plate,
33: inclined plate, 34: injection nozzle,
35: preventive film, 36: growth groove,
37: inlet, 40: lighting means,
41: light tube, 42: light emitting diode or fluorescent lamp,
43: light cover, 50: discharge means,
51: discharge plate, 52: discharge hose,
53: recovery tube, 60: inoculation unit,
70: control panel.

Claims (15)

Transport means for supplying a mixture of sea water and nutrient medium;
A culture apparatus for propagating adhered diatoms received therein by using the culture water supplied through the transfer means; Attached diatom culture apparatus, characterized in that consisting of.
The method according to claim 1,
The transfer means includes a pipe for supplying sea water, a nutrient tank connected to the pipe and supplying a nutrient medium, a transfer pump for supplying culture water mixed with the sea water and nutrient medium to a culture device, and the transfer pump and culture Attached diatom culture apparatus characterized in that it comprises a filter mounted between the device to filter foreign matter contained in the culture water.
The method according to claim 2,
Attached diatom culture apparatus is characterized in that the conveying means is further equipped with a cleaning unit for supplying a component such as sodium hypochlorite or chlorine to prevent clogging of the filter by foreign matter.
The method according to claim 1,
The culture apparatus includes a case in which a discharge passage is formed at a lower side or a side thereof, a culture plate horizontally mounted in the case and both sides and a front surface closely attached to the case, and an inclined plate formed to be inclined while being coupled to the rear surface of the culture plate. Attached to the top of the culture plate and attached diatom culture apparatus comprising a spray nozzle for injecting the culture water supplied through the transfer means.
The method of claim 4,
The case is further equipped with lighting means to supply light therein,
The lighting means is attached to the case comprising one or more vertically mounted lighting tube, a light emitting diode or fluorescent lamp mounted inside the lighting tube, and an illumination cover for blocking or opening the interior of the lighting tube Diatom culture apparatus.
The method of claim 4,
Attached portion of the culture plate and the inclined plate attached diatom culture apparatus characterized in that the prevention film is formed to protrude in the longitudinal direction to block the flow of the culture water.
The method of claim 4,
The culture plate and the inclined plate is mounted at least one spaced apart in the downward direction, the culture plate and the culture plate attached to the inclined plate and the lower portion of the culture plate and inclined plate located in the opposite direction, characterized in that mounted diatom culture apparatus.
The method of claim 4,
Attached diatom culture apparatus characterized in that the growth side further formed in the longitudinal direction on the opposite side of the culture plate coupled to the inclined plate.
The method of claim 4,
A discharge plate having an inverted triangular shape is mounted on the inner lower portion of the case, and an upper discharge hose penetrating the discharge passage is mounted on an upper side of the discharge plate, and a recovery pipe for recovering the attachment diaphragm is mounted on one side of the discharge plate. Attached diatom culture apparatus characterized in that.
The method according to claim 8,
An injection hole is formed in the case corresponding to the growth groove, the injection hole diatom culture apparatus characterized in that the inlet is equipped with a screw cover is configured.
The method of claim 4,
An injection hole is formed in the case corresponding to the growth groove, and the injection hole is equipped with an inoculation part formed of silicon or rubber, so that the injectable diatom culture apparatus is characterized in that the inoculation by inserting a syringe.
The method according to claim 1,
The transfer means and the culture apparatus is composed of a plurality of the attached diatom culture apparatus characterized in that the control panel is further mounted to control and adjust the transfer means and the culture apparatus on one side.
A transport means preparation step of preparing a transport means for supplying culture water;
Preparing a culture apparatus for propagating adhered diatoms and preparing a culture apparatus for connecting with the transfer means;
A culture water supplying step of supplying the culture water supplied through the transfer means to the culture plate of the culture device;
A proliferation-inducing step of inducing proliferation of the attached diatom accommodated in the culture plate of the culture apparatus for a predetermined period;
Attached diatom culture method comprising the step of recovering the adhered diatom to remove and recover the adhered diatom from the culture plate of the culture apparatus.
The method according to claim 13,
In the growth induction step, the attached diatoms are attached diatom culture method, characterized in that to propagate through the lighting means.
The method according to claim 13,
The adhered diatoms attached to the culture plate in the adhered diatom recovery step is characterized in that the attached diatoms culture method to be removed by water pressure.

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