KR20120116962A - Methods of forming enhanced-surface walls for use in apparatae - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall for carrying out a process is disclosed. The method is roughly: providing a material of a predetermined length having opposing initial surfaces, the material having a longitudinal centerline located substantially midway between the surfaces, each of the initial surfaces being an initial surface. Having a density; Impressing an auxiliary pattern having surface densities over each of the initial surfaces to twist the material; And impressing the main pattern with the surface density onto each of these warped surfaces to further twist the material and further increase the surface density on each of the surfaces.

Description

How to form a reinforcement-surface wall for use in a device {METHODS OF FORMING ENHANCED-SURFACE WALLS FOR USE IN APPARATAE}

Cross-reference to related application

This application is a partial continuing application of US Patent Application No. 12 / 754,094, filed April 5, 2010, and also claims the benefit of US Provisional Application No. 61 / 295,653, filed January 15, 2010, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The entire disclosure of is referenced herein.

Technical field

The present invention generally relates to a method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall for use in an apparatus for performing a process (eg, a heat transfer device, a fluid mixing device, etc.), a reinforcement-surface wall itself, and such reinforcement. It relates to various devices which integrate with surface walls.

It is known to provide reinforcement-surface walls for use in heat exchangers and fluid-mixing devices. Such walls are typically impressed over the walls to increase surface area, improve fluid mixing, promote turbulence, break up boundary layers adjacent to the surface, improve heat transfer, and the like. It has a plurality of characters.

US 5,052,476 A discloses a U-shaped primary groove, a V-shaped secondary groove, and a pear-shaped tertiary groove to increase turbulence and reflux efficiency. Eggplant discloses a heat transfer tube. The tube is first formed as a plate and then rolled into a tube, after which the adjacent ends of the tube are welded to each other. The depth of the secondary groove is described to be 50 to 100% of the depth of the primary groove.

US 5,259,448 A discloses a heat transfer tube having a main groove formed in a rectangle and a narrow auxiliary groove intersecting at an angle with the main groove. The device is described as being formed flat, rolled or curled and then welded. The depth of the narrow groove is described as being 0.02 millimeters (mm). The depth of the main groove is described to be 0.20 to 0.30 mm.

US 5,332,034 A discloses a heat exchanger tube having longitudinally-extended, circumferentially-spaced ribs with parallel inclined notches to increase turbulence and increase heat transfer performance.

US 5,458,191 A discloses a heat exchanger tube, which has a notch inclined in parallel and has helically wound ribs spaced circumferentially.

US 6,182,743 B1 discloses a heat transfer tube with a polyhedral array to enhance heat transfer properties. Polyhedral arrays can be applied to the inner and outer tube surfaces. Such a reference may indicate the use of ribs, pins, coatings and inserts to break up the boundary layer.

US 6,176,301 discloses a heat transfer tube with a polyhedral array having a crack-like cavity on at least two surfaces of the polyhedron.

US 2005/0067156 A1 discloses a heat transfer tube that is cooled or forged-weld and has a dimpled pattern of various shapes thereon.

US 2005/0247380 A1 discloses a heat transfer tube of tin-brass alloy to be resistant to formicary (ie ant-like) corrosion.

US 2009/0008075 A1 discloses a heat transfer tube having an array of polyhedrons, the second array being arranged at an angle to the first array.

US 5,351,397 A discloses a roll-formed nucleate boiling plate having a first pattern of grooves separated by a ridge and a shallower groove of a second pattern machined into the ridge. . The second pattern depth is described to be about 10-50% of the depth of the first pattern.

US 7,032,654 B2 discloses a heat exchanger having fins with a reinforcing-surface and having holes in the fins.

US 4,663,243 A discloses a heat exchanger tube having a flame-sprayed ferrous alloy enhanced boiling surface.

Finally, US 4,753,849 discloses a heat exchanger tube with a porous coating to enhance heat transfer.

Reference numerals in parentheses for corresponding parts, portions, or surfaces of one or more embodiments of the disclosed embodiments are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting, and the present invention is roughly: (1) executing a process Improved method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall for use in a device for use (e.g., heat transfer device, fluid mixing device, etc.), (2) reinforcement-surface wall itself, and (3) such reinforcement-surface Provide a variety of devices to engage with the wall.

In one aspect, the present invention provides an improved method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall 20 for use in an apparatus for carrying out a process, which method has facing initial surfaces 21a, 21b. Providing a length of material 21, the material having a longitudinal center line xx located substantially midway between the initial surfaces, the material being from the center line to the center line xx. Have an initial transverse size measured to a point on the surface of any of the farthest initial surfaces located, each of the initial surfaces having an initial surface density, the initial surface density being one per projected unit surface area Defined as the number of characters on the surface; Impressing the auxiliary patterns 23a and 23b having an auxiliary pattern surface density onto each of the initial surfaces to twist the material and increase the auxiliary pattern surface density on each of the surfaces and thus twist the material from the centerline. Increasing the transverse size of the material to the furthest point of the; And pressing main patterns (25a, 25b) having a main pattern surface density onto each of these twisted surfaces to further twist the material and further increase main pattern surface density on each of the surfaces; Provide a reinforcement-surface wall for use in an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Each secondary pattern surface density may be greater than each primary pattern surface density.

Impressing the auxiliary pattern onto each of the initial surfaces may include an additional step of cold working the material.

Impressing the main pattern onto each of the twisted surfaces may comprise cold working the material.

The auxiliary patterns may be the same.

The auxiliary patterns can be varied with respect to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one warped surface corresponds to the maximum size from the centerline to the remaining warped surface.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material of 135 maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Can be increased up to%.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material 150% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Can be increased.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material, 300 of a maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Can be increased up to%.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse magnitude of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material and a maximum transverse magnitude of 700 from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Can be increased up to%.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may result in the initial size of the minimum size of the material being measured from any point on one of these twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of these twisted surfaces. It may not be reduced to less than 95% of the minimum size from any point on one of the surfaces to the nearest point on the facing initial surface.

Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may determine the minimum size of the material when measured from any point on one of these twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of these twisted surfaces. It may not be reduced to less than 50% of the minimum size from any point on one of the initial surfaces to the nearest point on the facing initial surface.

The main patterns may be the same.

The main patterns may be changed relative to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one add-twisted surface will correspond to the minimum size from the centerline to another add-twisted surface.

Impressing the major patterns onto the material comprises measuring the minimum size of the additional-twisted material from the centerline to the initial surfaces when measuring from the centerline to any point on any one of the additional-twisted surfaces. When measured to either surface, it may not be reduced to less than 95% of the minimum size of the material.

Impressing the main pattern onto the material comprises measuring the minimum size of the add-twisted material from the centerline to the initial surface when measured from the centerline to any point on any one of the add-twisted surfaces. When measured to any one of these, it may not be reduced to less than 50% of the minimum size of the material.

Impressing the main pattern onto each of the surfaces may further increase the size from the centerline to the furthest point of the add-twisted material.

Opposing surfaces of the material may be initially planar.

Impressing the patterns may include impressing the patterns by one or more of a hardening, stamping, rolling, pressing and embossing operation.

The method includes bending the reinforcement-surface wall such that proximal ends are positioned proximate to each other; And an additional step of connecting the proximal ends of the material to each other to form a reinforced-surface tube.

Connecting the proximal ends of the material to each other may comprise the additional step of welding the proximal ends of the material to connect the proximal ends of the material to each other.

The method may further comprise the step of providing a hole through the material.

The method may further comprise the step of installing a reinforcement-surface wall in the heat exchanger.

The method may further comprise the step of installing a reinforcement-surface wall in the fluid-handling device.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a reinforcement-surface wall made by a method defined by any of the above steps.

The main patterns can be directional or non-directional.

The auxiliary patterns can be directional or non-directional.

The wall follows one or more of the following ASME / ASTM designations, the ASME / ASTM designation being: A249 / A, A135, A370, A751, E213, E273, E309, E1806, A691, A139, A213, A214 , A268, A269, A270, A312, A334, A335, A498, A631, A671, A688, A691, A778, A299 / A, A789, A789 / A, A789 / M, A790, A803, A480, A763, A941, A1016 , A1012, A1047 / A, A250, A771, A826, A851, B674, E112, A370, A999, E381, E426, E527, E340, A409, A358, A262, A240, A537, A530, A435, A387, A299, A204 , A20, A577, A578, A285, E165, A380, A262 and A179. The collective disclosure of each of these designations is hereby incorporated by reference.

The material can be homogeneous or nonhomogeneous.

The material may be provided with a coating on at least a portion of the surface of one of the initial surfaces.

At least a portion of the surface of one of the initial surfaces may be chemically treated.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an improved heat transfer device that engages an improved reinforcement-surface wall.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an improved fluid-handling device that engages an improved reinforcement-surface wall.

In another aspect, the present invention provides an improved reinforcement-surface wall 20 for use in an apparatus for carrying out a process, the reinforcement-surface wall having: facing initial surfaces 21a, 21b. A predetermined length of material 21, the material having a longitudinal centerline xx located substantially midway between the initial surfaces, the material being one of the initial surfaces furthest from the centerline farthest from the centerline; Has an initial transverse size measured up to a point on either surface, each of the initial surfaces having an initial surface density, the surface density being defined as the number of characters on the surface per unit of planned surface area (including zero) A material of a predetermined length; Auxiliary patterns 23 having auxiliary pattern surface densities impressed onto each of the initial surfaces, the auxiliary patterns twisting the material and increasing the second pattern surface density on the surface of each of the surfaces, Auxiliary patterns for increasing the transverse size of the material to the furthest point of the material; And main patterns 25 having a main pattern surface density impressed onto each one of these twisted surfaces and further twisting the material and further increasing the main pattern surface density onto each of the surfaces. It includes.

Each secondary pattern surface density may be greater than each primary pattern surface density.

The auxiliary patterns may be the same.

The auxiliary patterns can be changed relative to each other so that the maximum size from the centerline to the twisted surface will correspond to the minimum size from the centerline to the other twisted surface.

The maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material may be less than 135% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point.

The maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material may be less than 150% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point.

The maximum transverse size of the material from the center line to the furthest point of the twisted material may be less than 300% of the maximum transverse size from the center line to the furthest point on the initial surface.

The maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material may be less than 700% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point of the initial material.

When measured from any point on one of these twisted surfaces to the closest point on the opposing surface of these twisted surfaces, the minimum size of the material is initially encountered from a given point on one of the initial surfaces. It may be at least 95% of the minimum size to the nearest point on the surface.

When measured from any point on one of these twisted surfaces to the closest point on the opposing surface of these twisted surfaces, the minimum size of the material is initially encountered from a given point on one of the initial surfaces. It may be at least 50% of the minimum size to the nearest point on the surface.

The main patterns can be the same or different.

The main patterns can be varied relative to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one additional twisted surface corresponds to the minimum size from the centerline to another additional-twisted surface.

The minimum size of the add-twisted material when measured from the centerline to any point on any of the add-twisted surfaces may be at least 95% of the minimum size of the material when measured from the centerline to any of the initial surfaces.

The minimum size of the add-twisted material when measured from the centerline to any point on any of the add-twisted surfaces may be at least 50% of the minimum size of the material when measured from the centerline to any of the initial surfaces.

The pressed main pattern may further increase in size from the centerline to the furthest point of the add-twist material.

Thus, one object is to provide an improved method of forming a reinforced-surface wall for use in an apparatus for carrying out a process.

Another object is to provide an improved reinforced-surface wall.

Yet another object is to provide an improved device for engaging an improved reinforced-surface wall.

These and other objects and advantages will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the appended claims, described above and in progress.

1A is a schematic plan view of a predetermined length of material showing auxiliary 1 and week 1 patterns impressed on the material.
FIG. 1B is a side view of the structure schematically shown in FIG. 1A.
FIG. 2A is an enlarged plan view of the auxiliary 1 pattern, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, impressed into the material.
FIG. 2B is an enlarged plan view of the week 1 pattern impressed into the sheet of supplied material, the scale of FIG. 2B being the same as the scale of FIG. 2A.
FIG. 2C is a plan view of the nested primary 1 and auxiliary 1 patterns, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, impressed into the material, the scale of FIG. 2C being the same as the scale of FIGS. 2A and 2B.
FIG. 3A is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of a greatly enlarged portion of the material prior to impressing the auxiliary 1 pattern onto the material, which is taken entirely on lines 3A-3A in FIG. 1A.
FIG. 3B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the largely-enlarged portion taken overall on lines 3B-3B of FIG. 2A, showing auxiliary 1 patterns pressed onto the material. FIG.
FIG. 3C is a transverse cross-sectional view of the largely-enlarged portion taken overall on line 3C-3C of FIG. 2B, showing week 1 patterns pressed into the material. FIG.
FIG. 3D is a transverse cross-sectional view of a greatly enlarged portion taken entirely on line 3D-3D of FIG. 2C showing the primary and secondary 1 patterns pressed into the material. FIG.
4 is a schematic lateral vertical cross section showing how the auxiliary 1 pattern is impressed into the material.
5A is a schematic diagram showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of a flat sheet is measured.
5B is a schematic diagram showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of a material is measured after the auxiliary 1 patterns are impressed into the material.
5C is a schematic diagram showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of Note 1 patterns is measured.
5D is a schematic diagram showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of the finished reinforcement-surface material is measured, which material has nested primary 1 and secondary 1 patterns impressed onto the material.
6A is a schematic diagram showing how the area thickness of a flat sheet is measured.
6B is a schematic diagram showing how the area wall thickness is measured after the auxiliary 1 pattern is impressed onto the material.
6C is a schematic diagram showing how the area wall thickness is measured after week 1 patterns are impressed thereon.
6D is a schematic diagram showing how the area wall thickness of the reinforcement-surface wall is measured after the primary 1 and secondary 1 patterns are impressed onto the material.
FIG. 7A is a plan view showing another main pattern showing a week 2 pattern impressed on the sheet; FIG.
FIG. 7B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material taken on line 7B-7B in FIG. 7A.
FIG. 7C is a cross-sectional horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion, taken entirely on line 7C-7C in FIG. 7A.
8A is a top view of a third main pattern, showing a week 3 pattern impressed on a sheet of material.
FIG. 8B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on line 8B-8B in FIG. 8A.
FIG. 8C is a partial transverse horizontal cross section taken overall on line 8C-8C in FIG. 8A.
FIG. 9A is a plan view of another main pattern representing a week 4 pattern, which is impressed into a sheet of material, the pattern having a character surface density of 0.5. FIG.
FIG. 9B is a view similar to FIG. 9A but showing a variation of the Note 4 pattern with a character surface density of 1.0.
9C is a view similar to FIGS. 9A and 9B, but showing another variation of the Note 4 pattern with a character surface density of 2.0.
FIG. 10A is a top view of another main pattern, illustrating a week 5 pattern, impressed on a sheet of material. FIG.
10B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on line 10B-10B in FIG. 10A.
10C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on line 10C-10C in FIG. 10A.
FIG. 11A is a plan view of another auxiliary pattern showing the auxiliary 2 pattern, impressed into the material, showing the individual character becoming slightly elliptical. FIG.
FIG. 11B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on lines 11B-11B in FIG. 11A.
FIG. 11C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on line 11C-11C in FIG. 11A.
12A is a plan view of another auxiliary pattern, showing an auxiliary 3 pattern, pressed onto a material of a predetermined length, showing an individual character that is slightly lemon-shaped.
12B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on line 12B-12B in FIG. 12A.
12C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on line 12C-12C in FIG. 12A.
FIG. 13A is a plan view of another main pattern, illustrating a week 6 pattern, impressed into a predetermined length of material. FIG.
FIG. 13B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on lines 13B-13B in FIG. 13A.
FIG. 14A is another example of a cruciform directional main pattern, representing a week 7 pattern, impressed in a predetermined length of material, which pattern is directional in both longitudinal and transverse directions.
FIG. 14B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on lines 14B-14B in FIG. 14A.
FIG. 14C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on lines 14C-14C in FIG. 14A.
FIG. 15A is a partial view of a pebble type non-directional pattern, shown as an auxiliary 4 pattern, pressed on a material of predetermined length. FIG.
FIG. 15B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on line 15B-15B in FIG. 15A.
FIG. 15C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on line 15C-15C in FIG. 15A. FIG.
FIG. 16A is a top view of another honeycomb non-directional pattern, illustrating an auxiliary 4 pattern, impressed on a predetermined length of material. FIG.
FIG. 16B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of the portion of the material, taken entirely on lines 16B-16B in FIG. 15A.
FIG. 16C is a transverse horizontal cross-sectional view of the portion of material taken entirely on lines 16C-16C of FIG. 16A.
17 is a schematic of one process for producing a reinforced-surface tube.
18A is a side view of a circular tube with a selective coating on the outer surface.
18B is a right end view of the circular tube shown in FIG. 18A.
FIG. 18C is an enlarged detail view of the round tube, taken in the circle indicated in FIG. 18B, showing a coating on the outer surface of the tube, in particular. FIG.
19A is a perspective view of a rectangular tube.
FIG. 19B is a partial transverse vertical cross-sectional view taken entirely on line 19B-19B of FIG. 19A of a rectangular tube. FIG.
19C is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the wall of the rectangular tube, which is taken within the circle indicated in FIG. 19B.
20A is a side view of a U-shaped tube.
FIG. 20B is a transverse vertical cross-sectional view of a slightly enlarged fragment of the U-shaped tube taken overall on lines 20B-20B of FIG. 20A.
FIG. 20C is a further enlarged detail view of a portion of the tube wall, which is taken within the circle indicated in FIG. 20B.
FIG. 21A is a side view of a spiral wound coil formed of a circular tube with reinforced inner and outer surfaces. FIG.
FIG. 21B is a top view of the coil shown in FIG. 21A.
FIG. 21C is an enlarged partial vertical cross-sectional view taken overall on lines 21C-21C of FIG. 21A.
FIG. 21D is a further enlarged detail view taken within the circle indicated in FIG. 21C showing a portion of the tube wall. FIG.
22 is a schematic of one process for manufacturing a reinforcement-surface pin.
FIG. 23A is a front view of a first reinforcement-surface fin having a primary and secondary pattern impressed thereon and having a cooling tube and a flow through opening. FIG.
FIG. 23B is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the first reinforcement-surface fin taken overall on lines 23B-23B of FIG. 23A.
24A is a front view of a second reinforcement-surface fin having a chiller tube and a flow-through opening with a primary and an auxiliary pattern impressed thereon.
FIG. 24B is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the second reinforcement-surface pin, taken entirely on line 24B-24B in FIG. 24A.
25A is a front view of a third reinforcement-surface having a cooler tube opening and a smaller flow-through opening.
25B is a front view of a fourth reinforcement-surface fin having a cooler tube opening and an intermediate flow-through opening.
25C is a front view of a fifth reinforcement-surface fin having a cooler tube opening and a larger flow-through opening.
25D is a front view of a sixth reinforcement-surface fin having a cooler tube opening and one combination of a smaller flow-through opening, an intermediate flow-through opening, and a larger flow-through opening.
25E is a front view of a seventh reinforcement-surface fin having a cooler tube opening and another combination of smaller flow-through openings, intermediate through openings, and larger flow-through openings.
26 is a schematic diagram of an improved heat exchanger having a reinforcement-surface heat transfer tube therein.
27A is a bottom view of an improved fluid cooler having a strengthening-surface tube therein.
FIG. 27B is a partial horizontal cross-sectional view of the fluid cooler, taken entirely on line 27B-27B in FIG. 27A. FIG.
FIG. 27C is a side view of the improved cooler shown in FIG. 27A with the cover in place.
FIG. 27D is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the fluid cooler, taken entirely on line 27D-27D of FIG. 27C, showing a bottom view of one of the fins. FIG.
FIG. 27E is an enlarged detail view of a portion of one of the pins, which is taken within the circle indicated in FIG. 27D.
28 is a schematic of a fluid flow vessel having a reinforcing surface coupled therein.
29A is a plan view of a heat exchanger plate having a reinforcing surface bonded therein;
FIG. 29B is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the heat exchanger plate, which is taken in the circle indicated in FIG. 29A.

First, the same reference numerals are intended to identify identical structural elements, parts or surfaces identically through the several drawings, which elements, parts or surfaces may be further described or described by the entire written specification. It should be clearly understood that this detailed description of the specification is an essential part. Unless stated otherwise, the drawings are intended to be read in accordance with the specification (eg, cross-hatching, arrangement of parts, ratios, angles, etc.) and as part of an overall written description of the invention. Should be considered. As used in the description below, the terms “horizontal”, “vertical”, “left”, “right”, “upper” and “down”, as well as adjectives and adverb derivatives thereof (eg, “horizontal direction” "," In the right direction "," upwards ", etc.) simply refer to the orientation of the illustrated structure, particularly when the drawings are directed toward the reader. Similarly, the terms "inner" and "outer" suitably refer to the orientation of the surface relative to the axis of extension, or rotation, generally. Unless indicated otherwise, all sizes are presented herein and are indicated in inches in the accompanying drawings.

Reference is now made to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1 to 3 of the drawings, wherein the present invention provides an improved method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall 20 for use in an apparatus to form a process approximately. To provide. The device may be a heat transfer device, a type of fluid mixing device (whether with or without proper heat exchange capability), or any other type of device.

The present application discloses a number of embodiments of reinforcement-surface walls having various primary and / or secondary patterns. The first embodiment is shown in Figs. 1A to 6D, the second embodiment is shown in Figs. 7A to 7C, the third embodiment is shown in Figs. 8A to 8C, and the fourth embodiment is shown in Figs. 9C, the fifth embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, the sixth embodiment is shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C, the seventh embodiment is shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C, and the eighth embodiment An embodiment is shown in Figs. 13A to 13B, a ninth embodiment is shown in Figs. 14A to 14C, a tenth embodiment is shown in Figs. 15A to 15C, and an eleventh embodiment is shown in Figs. 16A to 16C. Is shown. These various patterns may be used in various combinations with one another and do not include all patterns within the scope of the appended claims.

One process for manufacturing the reinforcement-surface tube is shown schematically in FIG. 17, and several variations of such tubes are shown in FIGS. 18A-21D.

One process for manufacturing the reinforcement-surface fins is shown schematically in FIG. 22, and several variations of such fins are shown in FIGS. 23A-25E.

An improved heat exchanger combined with the reinforcement-surface tube is shown schematically in FIG. 26.

A cooler that engages such hardening-surface fins is shown in FIGS. 27A-27E.

Another fluid flow vessel in combination with the strengthening-surfaces is shown in FIG. 28.

Finally, an improved plate with various reinforcement-surfaces is shown in FIGS. 29A-29B.

These various embodiments and applications will be described sequentially in the future.

1st Example (FIG. 1A To  6d)

The improved method begins with providing a material of approximately a predetermined length, wherein the fractional portion of the material of the predetermined length is generally labeled "21". This material may be a piece of plate-shaped stock and may unfold from the coil or may have some other source or configuration. The material may be rectangular with upper and lower initial surfaces 21a and 21b of the plane, respectively, and may have a longitudinal transverse centerline (x-x) located substantially midway between these initial surfaces. As shown in FIG. 3A, the thickness of the material between the initial surfaces 21a-21b can be about 0.035 inches, so the nominal spacing from the centerline to one of the surfaces can be about 0.0175 inches. have.

In this first embodiment the leading edges of material are passed right (in the direction of the arrows indicated in FIG. 1A) between a pair of top and bottom first rolls or dies 22a, 22b, each pair A first roll or die at the top and bottom of the die impresses a Secondary 1 pattern onto each of the top and bottom surfaces of the material. The upper and lower surfaces of the material after the auxiliary 1 pattern has been impressed over the upper and lower surfaces of the material are denoted as "23a, 23b", respectively. The material then translates to the right between each of the top and bottom rolls or dies 24a and 24b of the second pair, wherein the top and bottom rolls or dies of the second pair have a week 1 pattern of top and bottom of the material. Impress onto each surface.

2A and 3B show the shape and configuration of the material after the auxiliary 1 pattern is impressed on the material. The auxiliary 1 pattern has the shape of an array of interlocking paving blocks when viewed in plan view (FIG. 2A), but undulating or sinusoidal when viewed in cross section (FIG. 3B). It has a shape.

2B and 3C show the shape of the Note 1 pattern when the Auxiliary 1 pattern is not pressed onto the sheet of plain stock material, but when the Note 1 pattern is impressed into the sheet of plain stock material. As shown in Figures 2B and 3C, the Note 1 pattern is in the form of a series of repeating step-like functions. In Figures 2B and 3C, the upper surface of the material is labeled "25a" and the lower surface of the material is labeled "25b."

Thus, the material coming out of the second die has a primary 1 and secondary 1 pattern nested and impressed over the material. These top and bottom surfaces of the material comprising the overlaid primary 1 and secondary 1 patterns are designated as “26a” and “26b” respectively.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, pressing the auxiliary 1 pattern onto the material increases the minimum initial region wall thickness of the material from about 0.035 inches to about 0.045 inches. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the step of impressing the week 1 pattern into the initially supplied material increases the initial region wall thickness from about 0.035 inches to about 0.050 inches. However, as shown in FIG. 3D, when the primary 1 pattern is superimposed on the secondary 2 pattern, the thickness of the material (ie, 0.045 inch), as twisted by the secondary 1 pattern, is further increased to a size of about 0.052 inches. Twisted

In the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 2A-2C are shown on the same scale (as indicated by the 6.0 × 6.0 size on FIGS. 2A-2C) and are enlarged with respect to the structure shown in FIG. 1A. 3A-3D are also shown on the same scale, which is further magnified for the scales of FIGS. 2A-2C and considerably magnified for the scales of FIGS. 1A and 1B.

4 shows how the auxiliary 1 pattern is impressed into the material. To this end, the top and bottom rolls 22a and 22b carry a wavy sinusoidal auxiliary 1 pattern that is vertically aligned with each other such that the vertices of one pattern align with the valleys of the other pattern. The material 21 is only partially deformed by two rolls. Thus, the material has a series of dimpled recesses at " 27 " and the series of dimpled recesses are separated by intermediate arc shaped convex portions individually indicated at " 28 ". In an alternative process, the material can be sufficiently deformed or coined between the upper and lower rolls.

In a preferred embodiment, the step of impressing the main and auxiliary patterns into the material has the effect of cold working the material. However, in one alternative process, the material can be heated, and the process includes hot-processing the material. The auxiliary patterns may be the same or may be different from each other. Impressing the auxiliary pattern onto the material may comprise the maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the distorted material up to 135% of the maximum transverse size in one case from the centerline to the furthest point of the initial surface. Up to 150% in the other case, 300% in the third case and 700% in the fourth case. Impressing the primary and secondary patterns into the material may determine the minimum size of the material as one of the initial surfaces, as measured from any point on one of the twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of the twisted surfaces. It does not significantly decrease to less than 95% in one case and less than 50% in a second case of the minimum size from any point on the surface of the device to the nearest point on the facing initial surface.

The main pattern impressed into the opposing sides of the material may be the same or may be different. Impressing the main pattern into the material determines the minimum size of the further-twisted surface from the centerline of any of the initial surfaces when measured from the centerline to any point on any of the further twisted surfaces. When measured to the surface, it does not decrease below 95% of the minimum size of the material.

The main patterns impressed into opposite sides of the material may be the same or may be different. Impressing the main patterns into the material further measures the minimum size of the twisted material from the centerline to the surface of any of the initial surfaces when measured from the centerline to any point on any one of the further twisted surfaces. When measured, it does not decrease below 50% of the minimum size of the material.

In one aspect, pressing the major patterns onto each of the surfaces may further increase the dimension from the centerline to the furthest point of the further twisted material.

The initial surfaces can be flat or a predetermined pattern or patterns impressed on the initial surfaces can be supplied. Impressing the primary and auxiliary patterns onto the material may be by hardening, stamping, rolling, pressing, embossing or any other type of process or operation. Similarly, the material may be supplied with cooler tube openings and / or flow through openings whatever the desired pattern.

The method further includes the step of bending the reinforcement-surface wall such that the closest ends are positioned adjacent to each other and connecting the closest ends of the material to each other, such as by welding to form the reinforcement-surface tube. Can be. The method may include an additional step of providing a hole through the material.

As mentioned above, the reinforcement-surface wall may also be installed in a heat exchanger, in some type of fluid-handling device, or in another type of device.

The main patterns can be directional or non-directional. Reinforced-surface walls meet one or more of the following ASME / ASTM designations: A249 / A, A135, A370, A751, E213, E273, E309, E1806, A691, A139, A213, A214, A268, A269, A270, A321 , A334, A335, A498, A631, A671, A688, A691, A778, A299 / A, A789, A789 / A, A789 / M, A790, A803, A480, A763, A941, A1016, A1012, A1047 / A, A250 , A771, A826, A851, B674, E112, A370, A999, E381, E426, E527, E340, A409, A358, A262, A240, A537, A530, A 435, A387, A299, A204, A20, A577, A578, A285, E165, A380, A262 and A179. Each of the foregoing designations are thereby incorporated by reference.

The material may be provided with a coating (eg, plating, etc.) on at least a portion of one of the initial surfaces, or such initial surface (s) may be chemically treated (eg, electro-polishing, etc.). ). Such coatings and / or chemical treatments may be applied before, during, or after formation of the hardened surfaces thereon. As used herein, the term "portion" includes 0-100% of range.

The invention also includes a reinforcing-surface wall formed by the forging method.

5A-5D show how the point-to-point wall thickness is measured during the various stages of the method. As used herein, the term "point-to-point wall thickness" means the thickness of the material from a point on one surface of the material to the nearest point on the opposite surface of the material. Thus, FIG. 5A shows a micrometer when measuring the initial thickness between flat surfaces 21a and 21b. 5B shows the micrometer when measuring the wall thickness after the auxiliary 1 patterns are impressed on the material. This figure schematically shows two measurement orientations, where one measurement orientation is vertical thickness and the other measurement orientation is angular and the smaller of the two measurement thicknesses may be used. 5C shows how the point-to-point wall thickness is measured when the main pattern is pressed into the material. Finally, FIG. 5D shows the micrometer when the point-to-point wall thickness of the material is measured after the primary 1 and secondary 1 patterns are impressed on the material. Here again, the smaller of the two measurement thicknesses is used as the measurement of the minimum wall thickness. These two illustrations of the micrometer's orientation do not cover all possible orientations of the micrometer.

6A-6D show how the area thickness of the material during the execution of the method is measured at various stages. The thickness is measured by measuring the vertex-to-vertex distances of the opposing surfaces and usually by combing several vertices along each of the two surfaces. Thus, FIG. 6A shows that the micrometer measures the thickness of the initially supplied material having flat upper and lower surfaces 21a and 21b, respectively. Because these surfaces are flat, the micrometer can simply measure the distance between them. 6B shows the micrometer when measuring the thickness of the material after the auxiliary 1 pattern is impressed onto the material. Note that the micrometer measures the peak-to-peak thickness of the amplitude of both surfaces. FIG. 6C shows micrometers when measuring the thickness of a material when the week 1 pattern was impressed on the initially supplied material. In this figure, the micrometer again measures the peak-to-peak thickness over a number of characters impressed on the surfaces. Finally, FIG. 6D shows a micrometer when measuring the wall thickness of the material after the main 1 and sub 1 patterns are impressed on the material.

Since “point-to-point wall thickness” means the thickness from a point on one surface of the material to the nearest point on the opposite surface of the material, varying angles to determine if it is sometimes in the vertical direction and at the minimum thickness. In all of these sizes are required to be measured. However, since "region thickness" refers to the vertex on one surface or the vertex size on the opposing surface, it is usually measured vertically. "Area thickness" preferably includes a number of vertices on each surface.

Second Example (FIG. 7A To  7c)

The second main pattern, which points to the note 2 pattern, is shown in Figs. 7A to 7C and is denoted by " 30 " as a whole. This pattern is somewhat similar to the raised honeycomb, and has an upper surface 31a and a lower surface 31b. This pattern is directional in the vertical direction but non-directional in the horizontal direction. Vertical and horizontal transverse cross sections are shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C.

Third Example (FIG. 8A To  8c)

8A-8C show another furrowed main pattern, which points to week 3 pattern. This pattern is generally represented by "32". This pattern is directional in the vertical direction but non-directional in the horizontal direction. Vertical and horizontal transverse cross sections are shown in FIGS. 8B-8C. These patterns have different periods but have sinusoidal undulation in each of two orthogonal transverse directions on the top and bottom surfaces of the material.

Fourth Example (FIG. 9A To  9c)

9A-9C show another auxiliary pattern that points to the auxiliary 2 pattern. This pattern consists of a series of dimple-shaped indentations on one surface and convex portions vertically aligned on the opposing surface. These dimples can be arranged off-line or in-line as desired. Such a pattern is generally indicated by " 34 " in FIG. 9A and has an upper surface 35a.

9B and 9C show the density variation for the pattern shown in FIG. 9A. In Figure 9, the pattern is labeled "34 '" and the top surface is labeled "35a'". The surface density of the dimpled character in the pattern 34 shown in FIG. 9A is 0.5 of the surface density for the modified pattern 34 'shown in FIG. 9B and the additional modified pattern 34 "shown in FIG. 9C. The surface density of the dimpled character of Fig. 9B is twice the surface density shown in Fig. 9A. Similarly, the surface density of the dimpled character of Fig. 9C is that of the character of Fig. 9B. It is twice the surface density and four times the surface density of the character shown in FIG. 9A.

9A-9C are shown on the same scale, as indicated by the 6.0 × 6.0 size.

5th Example (FIG. 10A To  10c)

10A-10C show another chevron type main pattern showing the week 4 pattern. This pattern is non-directional in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The pattern is generally labeled "36" and has upper and lower surfaces 38a, 38b.

6th Example (FIG. 11A To  11c)

11A-11C show another form of auxiliary pattern showing the auxiliary 2 pattern pressed into the material. In this form, the individual dimples of the character are somewhat elliptic-shaped. The period of the dimples is different in two orthogonal directions, as shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C. This pattern is generally denoted as "39" and is shown having upper and lower surfaces 40a and 40b, respectively.

7th Example (FIG. 12A To  12c)

12A-12C show another type of auxiliary pattern, showing the auxiliary 3 pattern. Dimples or characters in this pattern appear somewhat lemon-shaped. Here again, the periods of the pattern are different in each of the two orthogonal transverse directions, as shown in FIGS. 12B and 12C. This pattern is generally denoted as "41" and is shown as having upper and lower surfaces 42a and 42b, respectively.

8th Example (FIG. 13A To  13b)

13A and 13B are used to show the directional pattern, showing the note 6 pattern. This pattern is denoted as "43" throughout, and is shown as having upper and lower surfaces 44a and 44b, respectively. Note that the pattern appears to have a series of step functions on the opposing surfaces, as shown in FIG. 13B. Also note that the characters are aligned so that each protrusion on one surface corresponds to an indentation on the other surface. This pattern is directional in the horizontal direction but not in the vertical direction.

9th Example (FIG. 14A To  14c)

14A-14C show a crossover pattern showing a week 7 pattern, impressed on the material. This pattern is designated as “45” throughout and is shown as having an upper surface 46a and a lower surface 46b. This pattern is oriented in both horizontal and vertical directions (ie, not interrupted). Note that the period of the characters is the same in both orthogonal transverse directions.

10th Example (FIG. 15A To  15c)

15A-15C show a regular pebble type non-directional auxiliary pattern that is repeated but impressed on a material, although repeating. This pattern represents the secondary 4 pattern. This pattern is generally designated "48" and has upper and lower surfaces 49a and 49b, respectively. Cross sections with orthogonal axes are shown in FIGS. 15B-15C, respectively. 15B and 15C, the indentations on one surface are aligned perpendicular to the protrusions on the other surface. This pattern is non-directional in the sense that the pattern is interrupted in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively. As used herein, the term “directional” for a pattern means that the lines of the pattern are continuous and do not break along one direction, whereas the term “non-directional” means that the pattern This can be repeated, but means that the lines of the pattern are interrupted along one direction.

11th Example (FIG. 16A To  16c)

16A-16C show another honeycomb non-directional auxiliary pattern showing an auxiliary 5 pattern impressed on the material. This pattern is denoted as "50" throughout, and is shown having upper and lower surfaces 51a and 51b, respectively. This pattern is non-directional in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Method of Making a Reinforced-Surface Tube (FIG. 17)

17 shows one method of making a circular tube with reinforcing surfaces. In accordance with this process, the coils 52 (and optionally silver which cooler tubes and through openings are preferred) with the primary and secondary patterns are loosened. The leading edge of the material passes through a series of rollers and roller dies, individually labeled "53", and the flat sheet material in the series of rollers and roller dies is rolled into a circular tube with two longitudinal edges and two The longitudinal edges are arranged very close to each other or preferably in contact with each other. The rolled tube is then passed through a preheating unit 54 and a welding unit 55 to weld the longitudinal edges to each other. The welded tube is then passed through auxiliary heating unit 56 and then cooled in cooling unit 58 to anneal the weldment and material. The cooled weld tube then passes through a deburrer to smooth the weld edge and further advances to the right by rollers 60, 60.

Round tube (FIG. 18A) To  18c)

The tubes can have many different shapes and cross sections. 18A-18C show a welded circular tube of a predetermined length that may be produced by the process shown in FIG. 17. Tubes, generally designated "62", are shown as having a primary and secondary pattern. As best shown in FIG. 18B, the tube 62 has a thin walled circular transverse cross section.

The tube outer wall is also shown as having a coating 63 on the outer wall. Such coatings may be plating, or any other type of coating or laminate. Such a coating is optional and may be provided on any of the reinforcing surfaces described herein. The coating can be provided on the inner or outer surface of the tube if desired.

Rectangular tube (Fig. 19A) To  19c)

As mentioned above, not all tubes have a circular transverse cross section. Some tubes have elliptical cross sections, polygonal cross sections, and the like.

19A-19C show a tube 64 having a generally rectangular transverse cross section, with primary and secondary patterns on the inner and outer surfaces of the tube. Such tubes can be formed or chemically treated if desired.

U-shaped tube (FIG. 20A To  20c)

20A-20C show a circular tube bent to have a U-shape when viewed from the side. Such a tube is generally labeled "65" and has major and auxiliary patterns on the inner and outer surfaces of the tube.

Coil formed from a circular tube (FIG. 21A) To  21d)

21A-21D show a helically wound coil formed of a circular tube of predetermined length. Such a coil, denoted “66” in its entirety, has a primary and an auxiliary pattern on its inner and outer surfaces.

Method of making a reinforced-surface pin (FIG. 22)

22 is a schematic of one process for forming a reinforcement-surface fin. In this process, the coil 68 of material with primary and secondary patterns is released. The leading edge of the material passes around idler rollers 69a, 69b, 69c and then between a pair of opposing roller dies 70a, 70b, which perforate or form various holes in the material (eg For example, cooling tube holes and / or flow-through holes, whatever the desired pattern is. The leading edge then passes through a second pair of roller dies 71a, 71b forming a flange on the material. The leading edge then passes under a cut-off shear 72 where individual pins, each labeled "73", are cut from the roll material. These pins move to the right by the action of the roller 74.

Chiller tube Opening  And flow-through Opening  With pins (FIG. 23A To  25e)

23A-25E show different forms of improved fins having different combinations of primary and secondary patterns and having cooler tube openings and flow through openings of various sizes.

The pin of the first form is denoted by " 75 " as a whole in FIGS. 23A-23B. In this first form, the individual characters of the primary and auxiliary patterns are denoted by "76 '" and "76" ", respectively. ) Are individually labeled "77" and the relative-small flow-through openings are individually labeled "78".

The second type of pin is denoted by " 79 " as a whole in FIGS. 24A and 24B. In this second form, the individual characters of the primary and auxiliary patterns are again denoted by "76 '", "76" ", respectively. The cooling tube opening and the relatively small flow-through opening are again" 77 "," 78 "respectively. It is noted that the second fin 78 is thinner and more severely twisted than the first fin 75.

Five different pins are shown in FIGS. 25A-25E. In each of these figures, cooling tube openings or holes are indicated by "77". A notable difference between these five figures is in the size and shape of the flow-through opening. In FIG. 25A, the third type of fins, generally designated "79", are shown as having a plurality of smaller size flow-through openings, individually labeled "80". In FIG. 25B, the fourth type of fins, generally designated "79 '", are shown to have medium-sized flow-through openings, individually denoted "80'". In FIG. 25C, the fifth type of pin, generally designated as "79", is shown as having a larger-sized flow-through opening, individually labeled as "80" ". FIG. 25D shows a sixth shaped fin with various vertical columns of small, medium and large flow-through holes. FIG. FIG. 25E shows a seventh form of fin with another combination of small, medium and large flow-through holes. FIG. In each of these cases, the pin has a primary and secondary pattern.

Improved Heat Exchanger (FIG. 26)

The improved heat exchanger, indicated generally at " 81 ", is shown having an outer cell 82 in FIG. A serpentine reinforced-surface heat transfer tube 83 extends between the hot inlet and hot outlet on the cell. Cold fluid enters the cell through the cold inlet, flows around the tube towards the cold outlet, and cold fluid exits the cell through the cold outlet. The inlet and outlet connections and / or tube geometry can be changed as desired.

Improved cooler (FIG. 27A To  27e)

27A-27E show an improved chiller, generally designated as "84". Such a cooler is shown as having a plurality of reinforced-surface tubes, individually denoted "85", which are passed through the bottom 86 and are individually labeled "88". Upwards through the pins spaced apart in the direction. The tube bends through the pins in a serpentine manner. Here again the fluidic connection and / or tube geometry can be changed as desired. Each fin is shown having a plurality of cooler tube openings 89 to receive passages in the tube. Each fin has a primary and an auxiliary pattern, and may optionally have multiple flow-through openings whatever the desired pattern.

27A shows a top view of the cooler bottom. FIG. 27B is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the cooler, generally taken on lines 27B-27B of FIG. 27A and shown as the tube passes up and down through the cooler tube openings aligned in the fins. 27C is a side view of the cooler. FIG. 27D is a partial horizontal cross-sectional view through the cooler, generally taken on line 27D-27D in FIG. 27C, showing a bottom view of one of the fins. FIG. Finally, Fig. 27E is an enlarged detail view of the lower right part of the pin, which is taken within the circle indicated in Fig. 27D.

Improved Fluid-Flow Vessel (FIG. 28)

The improved fluid flow vessel is denoted generally at 90 in FIG. 28. Such a vessel is shown as including a process column, generally designated as "91," which includes a plurality of vertically-spaced reinforcement surface walls, individually labeled as "92". The vapor rises upwards through the column by passing through the various walls sequentially, and the liquid also descends through the column by passing through the various walls. Vapor at the top of the column passes to condenser 94 via conduit 93. The liquid is returned by conduit 95 to the top chamber in the column. At the bottom of the process column, the collected liquid is fed to reinforcement-surface reboiler 98 via conduit 96. Vapor from this reboiler is fed to the lowest chamber of the column via conduit 99.

Improved Heat Exchanger Plate (FIGS. 29A and 29B)

29A illustrates an improved heat exchanger plate, generally designated as “100”. A plurality of such plates may be stacked up and down and adjacent plates may be sealed and separated by a gasket (not shown) to form a flow path therebetween. 29B shows that a portion of the heat exchanger plate has reinforcing surfaces thereon to facilitate heat transfer. 29B clearly shows that the depicted portion of the plate may have a primary pattern 101 and an auxiliary pattern 102.

Accordingly, the present invention generally provides a method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall for use in an apparatus for performing a process, an improved reinforcement-surface wall, and use thereof.

Variant

It is contemplated that many changes and modifications can be made in the present invention. For example, it may be desirable to form a material of stainless steel, but other types of material (s) (eg, various alloys such as aluminum, titanium, copper, or various ceramics) may be used. The material may be homogeneous or nonhomogeneous. The material may be coated or chemically treated either before, during, or after the methods described herein. As mentioned above, the primary and secondary patterns can have a variety of different shapes and configurations, some of which are regular and oriented and others of which are not. Characters of the same type or configuration are used in the primary and secondary patterns, and there are differences in the depth and / or surface density of such characters. The various heat transfer devices disclosed herein may be part of more devices that may be completed in themselves or of themselves or may have shapes that are not shown.

Thus, while the improved method and apparatus have been shown and described and several variations and variations of the invention have been discussed, those skilled in the art can readily understand various additional variations and variations are defined by the claims below. As can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (47)

A method of forming a reinforcement-surface wall for use in an apparatus for carrying out a process, comprising:
Providing a predetermined length of material having opposing initial surfaces, the material having a longitudinal centerline located substantially midway between the initial surfaces, the material being located farthest from the centerline from the centerline; Have an initial transverse size measured to a point on any one of the initial surfaces, each of the initial surfaces having an initial surface density, the initial surface density being the number of characters on one surface per projected unit surface area Defined as;
Impressing an auxiliary pattern having an auxiliary pattern surface density onto each of the initial surfaces to twist the material and increase the auxiliary pattern surface density on each of the surfaces and from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material. Increasing the transverse size of the material; And
Impressing a main pattern having a main pattern surface density onto each of the twisted surfaces to further twist the material and further increase the main pattern surface density on each of the surfaces;
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Each secondary pattern surface density is greater than each primary pattern surface density,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary pattern onto each of the initial surfaces comprises: an additional step of cold working the material;
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Pressing the main pattern onto each of the twisted surfaces comprises cold working the material;
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
The auxiliary patterns are the same,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 5, wherein
Wherein the auxiliary patterns are varied with respect to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one warped surface corresponds to the maximum size from the centerline to the remaining warped surface;
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material of 135 maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Increased by%,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material 150% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Increased until
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material 300% of a maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Increased until
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may comprise a maximum transverse magnitude of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material and a maximum transverse magnitude of 700 from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface. Increased by%,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material may determine a minimum size of the material from the initial surface of the initial surfaces when measured from any point on one of the twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of the twisted surfaces. Not reduced to less than 95% of the minimum size from any point on one to the nearest point on the facing initial surface,
How to form a surface wall. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the auxiliary patterns onto the material determines the minimum size of the material when measured from any point on one of the twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of the twisted surfaces. Not reduced to less than 50% of the minimum size from any point on one of them to the nearest point on the facing initial surface,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
The main patterns are the same,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 13,
The main patterns can be varied relative to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one add-twisted surface corresponds to the minimum size from the centerline to another add-twisted surface,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the major patterns onto the material is such that the minimum size of the additional-twisted material is determined from the centerline of the initial surfaces when measured from the centerline to any point on any one of the additional-twisted surfaces. Does not decrease to less than 95% of the minimum size of the material when measured to either surface,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the main pattern onto the material comprises measuring the minimum size of the add-twisted material from the centerline to the initial surface when measured from the centerline to any point on any one of the add-twisted surfaces. When measured to any one of them, does not decrease to less than 50% of the minimum size of the material,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Pressing the main pattern onto each of the surfaces further increases the size from the centerline to the furthest point of the add-twisted material;
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Opposing surfaces of the material are initially planar,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Impressing the patterns comprises impressing the patterns by one or more of stamping and rolling operations,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
In an additional step, bending the reinforcement-surface wall such that proximal ends are positioned proximate to each other; And
Connecting the proximal ends of the material to each other;
Further including;
Forming a reinforcement-surface tube,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. 21. The method of claim 20,
Connecting the proximal ends of the material to each other includes an additional step of welding the proximal ends of the material to connect the proximal ends of the material to each other,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Further comprising the step of providing holes through said material,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Further comprising the step of installing said reinforcing-surface wall in a heat transfer device,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. The method of claim 1,
Further comprising the step of installing a reinforcement-surface wall in the fluid-handling device,
Reinforced-surface wall formation method. Reinforcing-surface wall produced by the method defined by any of claims 1-24. The method of claim 25,
The main pattern is directional,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. The method of claim 25,
Wherein the auxiliary patterns are non-directional,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. The method of claim 25,
The wall is in accordance with one or more of the ASME / ASTM designations, wherein the ASME / ASTM designations are A249 / A, A135, A370, A751, E213, E273, E309, E1806, A691, A139, A213, A214, A268, A269, A270, A312, A334, A335, A498, A631, A671, A688, A691, A778, A299 / A, A789, A789 / A, A789 / M, A790, A803, A480, A763, A941, A1016, A1012, A1047 / A, A250, A771, A826, A851, B674, E112, A370, A999, E381, E426, E527, E340, A409, A358, A262, A240, A537, A530, A435, A387, A299, A204, A20, A577, A578, A285, E165, A380, A262 and A179,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. The method of claim 25,
The material is homogeneous,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. The method of claim 25,
Wherein the material is provided with a coating on at least one of the initial surfaces;
Reinforced-Surface Wall. The method of claim 25,
Where the material is chemically treated,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. A heat exchanger coupled with a reinforcement-surface wall defined by any one of claims 25-31. 32. A fluid-handling device engaged with a reinforcement-surface wall defined by any one of claims 25-31. Reinforcing-surface walls for use in devices for carrying out processes,
A predetermined length of material having opposing initial surfaces, the material having a longitudinal centerline located substantially midway between the initial surfaces, the material being one of the initial surfaces furthest away from the centerline from the centerline; An initial lateral size measured up to a point on either surface, each of the initial surfaces having an initial surface density, the initial surface density being of a predetermined length, defined as the number of characters on the surface per unit of the planned surface area. material;
The auxiliary pattern surface density impressed onto each of the initial surfaces, the auxiliary patterns twisting the material and increasing the auxiliary pattern surface density on each of the surfaces and from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material Auxiliary patterns for increasing the transverse size of the material of the substrate; And
Comprising main patterns having a major pattern surface density impressed onto each of the twisted surfaces and further twisting the material and further increasing the surface density onto each of the surfaces;
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
Each secondary pattern surface density is greater than each primary pattern surface density,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The auxiliary patterns are the same,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The auxiliary patterns can be varied relative to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to the twisted surface corresponds to the minimum size from the centerline to the other twisted surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material is less than 135% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material is less than 150% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point of the initial surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The maximum transverse size of the material from the centerline to the furthest point of the twisted material is less than 700% of the maximum transverse size from the centerline to the furthest point on the initial surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
When measured from any point on one of the twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of the twisted surfaces, the minimum size of the material is initially encountered from a predetermined point on one of the initial surfaces. 95% or more of the minimum size to the nearest point on the surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
When measured from any point on one of the twisted surfaces to the nearest point on the opposing surface of the twisted surfaces, the minimum size of the material is initially encountered from a predetermined point on one of the initial surfaces. 50% or more of the minimum size to the nearest point on the surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The main patterns are the same,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 44. The method of claim 43,
The main patterns can be changed relative to each other such that the maximum size from the centerline to one additional twisted surface corresponds to the minimum size from the centerline to another additional-twisted surface,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The minimum size of the additional-twisted material as measured from the centerline to any point on any one of the additional-twisted surfaces is 95 of the minimum size of the material as measured from the centerline to any of the initial surfaces. More than%
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
The minimum size of the additionally-twisted material when measured from the centerline to any point on the surface of any of the additionally-twisted surfaces is the minimum size of the material when measured from the centerline to any of the initial surfaces. More than 50%,
Reinforced-Surface Wall. 35. The method of claim 34,
Wherein the pressed main pattern is further increased in size from the centerline to the furthest point of the add-twisted material,
Reinforced-Surface Wall.

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