KR20110087073A - The electric generating system using burning the pellet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An electric power generation system which uses the combustion of pellets is provided to implement the manufacture and combustion of pellets in a single system and to use thermal energy obtained from pellet combustion for electric power generation. CONSTITUTION: A classifying and pulverizing part(1) classifies and pulverizes plastic materials into plastic granules. A washing and dehydration part(2) washes and dehydrates the plastic granules to eliminate impurities. A pellet generating unit(3) creates pellets by pressing and fusing, cooling, and pulverizing the plastic granules. A generating part(4) generates electricity from the flame produced by the combustion of the pellet through a burner(41).

Description

The electric generating system using burning the pellet}

The present invention relates to a system for generating electricity using waste plastics, and more particularly, to a power generation system through pellet combustion in which a pellet having increased combustion efficiency is maximized.

One method of recycling plastic or organic waste among wastes is to process the combustible material into pellet granules, and to burn and use the pellets to generate thermal energy. In particular, since plastic takes a considerable time to decompose naturally, there is a problem that it becomes a major factor of natural damage when landfilling according to a conventional treatment method.

Since combustion of pellets has better combustion efficiency than ordinary combustion or fluidized combustion, the process of producing pellets using waste plastics and the technology of utilizing thermal energy obtained by burning pellets are active developments.

However, the production of such pellets, and the process of obtaining the thermal energy by burning by using the pellets has a problem in that the cost is increased because the prepared pellets must be moved to the transportation means.

In addition, since the configuration of the pellets can not be changed according to the characteristics of the burner, it is difficult to obtain the configuration of the dedicated pellets exhibiting optimum combustion efficiency in the burner.

On the other hand, the plastic that is brought into the mass should be subjected to a process of grinding, but in the case of soft plastics, since the viscosity is large, so as to increase the burden on the grinder, it is known that it is preferable to use a hard plastic for the manufacture of pellets.

However, since it is difficult to manufacture pellets by collecting only pure hard plastics at the manufacturing site of pellets, pellets are collected by collecting both soft plastics and hard plastics, and the amount of imported plastics is hard by not distinguishing the types of plastics to be imported. In the case of much larger than the amount of plastic brought in, there is a problem that the grinder is easily broken.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, embodiments of the present invention implements the production of pellets, burner combustion to obtain thermal energy by burning the produced pellets on a single system, the thermal energy obtained by electric power generation It is intended to be used for.

In addition, it has the purpose of making the compounding ratio of hard plastic and soft plastic constant in the manufacture of pellets.

In addition, it has the purpose of reducing the environmental pollution by treating the dust generated during the production of pellets.

Moreover, it also has the objective of being able to obtain the high heat capacity by burning a pellet.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a sorting and crushing unit for classifying and crushing the plastic material brought into the embodiment to calculate the plastic grains, washing and dehydration unit for washing and dehydrating the plastic grains to remove impurities, and Pellet generation by compression melting, cooling and crushing the pellet generating unit for generating pellets and power generation through the combustion comprising a power generation unit for generating electricity with a high temperature flame obtained through a burner for burning the pellets Present the system.

The sorting crushing unit may include a first sorting device for sorting bulky plastics among the imported plastics, and a first crushing device for coarsely crushing bulky plastics filtered through the first sorting device. A second sorting apparatus for classifying the first fractionation crushing unit and the plastics having passed through the first fractionation crushing unit into soft plastics and hard plastics, and remixing the sorted soft plastics and hard plastics at a combustion mixing ratio; The present invention provides a power generation system through pellet combustion, comprising: a second classification and crushing unit including a second crushing device for pulverizing and calculating the plastic grains.

In addition, the second sorting apparatus includes a first hopper to accommodate the separated soft plastic water, and a second hopper to accommodate the hard plastic water, the first hopper and the second hopper in the combustion mixing ratio The soft plastic water and the hard plastic water discharged according to the present invention provide a power generation system through pellet combustion, which is introduced into the second crushing unit through each conveying conveyor.

In addition, the present invention provides a power generation system through pellet combustion, characterized in that the plastic particles are separated and discharged from the plastic granules, and the cyclone separation unit for introducing the plastic granules into the washing dehydration unit is further included.

In addition, the pellet generating unit is a compression melter for compressing the plastic pellets at a high temperature to form a plastic mass, a cooling water tank for cooling the plastic mass, and shredding the cooled plastic mass to produce pellets and pellets through a transfer blower It is proposed a power generation system through pellet combustion, comprising a third shredding device for moving to a reservoir.

In addition, the burner is provided with a combustion chamber for inputting and burning the pellets produced in the pellet generating unit, the combustion chamber liquefied the introduced pellets, the liquefied space portion to gradually increase the inner diameter toward the front, and the liquefied space It is formed to gradually reduce the inner diameter in front of the portion, the vaporization space portion for vaporizing the liquefied pellets, and is formed to extend in front of the vaporization space portion, the vaporized pellet is composed of the discharge portion discharged to the front, It is further fixed to the inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion and the inner wall surface of the vaporization space portion, and further provided with a glowing bar body for maintaining a high temperature so that the pellets liquefied or vaporized; Vertical bars fixed perpendicular to the wall, and a horizontal plate coupled to the end of the vertical bar to increase the area of red Proposes a power system through a pellet combustion, it characterized in that it contains.

In addition, the second sorting crushing unit, the cyclone separator, and a filter device for collecting the plastic dust generated in the pellet storage tank further provides a power generation system through the combustion of the pellets.

According to the power generation system through pellet combustion according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, since the plastic is carried in one system from the import of plastic to the production of pellets and the combustion of pellets, the waste plastics are treated and recycled at once. Have

In addition, when the pellets are manufactured, the hard plastics and the soft plastics are suitably blended to prevent the sticking phenomenon generated in the crushing of the soft plastics, thereby reducing the failure of individual devices such as a crushing device.

In addition, by collecting and removing the plastic dust through the cyclone separation unit, the filter device to facilitate the manufacture of the pellet has the effect of reducing the air pollution of the surrounding environment by the plastic dust.

In addition, the combustion efficiency of the pellets is improved by the shape of the combustion chamber of the burner and the red bar provided in the combustion chamber, thereby obtaining a high heat capacity. Therefore, there is an effect that can further increase the power generation efficiency from the high heat obtained by combustion.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power generation system through pellet combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the burner employed in the power generation system through pellet combustion shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

Hereinafter, with reference to the preferred embodiment of the accompanying drawings, the function, configuration and operation of the power generation system through pellet combustion according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power generation system through pellet combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the power generation system 100 through pellet combustion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fractionation and crushing unit 1 for classifying and crushing the imported plastics to produce plastic granules, and washing and dehydrating the plastic granules to remove impurities. Electricity is generated by the high temperature flame obtained through the washing dehydration unit 2 to remove the pellet, the pellet generating unit 3 to cool and crush the granules after cooling, and to produce pellets and the burner to burn the pellets. The power generation unit 4 is included.

At this time, the sorting crushing unit (1) has a large volume and sorts the plastic material to be carried in, sorting the first sorting crushing unit 11 and coarse crushed plastics through the first sorting crushing unit, sorting Second classifying and crushing unit 12 for re-mixing the pulverized plastic material at the combustion mixing ratio and finely pulverized.

In order to sort the bulky plastics, the first sorting and crushing unit 11 carries the first sorting apparatus 111 for sequentially conveying the plastics and sorting the plastics having a volume larger than a predetermined reference volume. The first shredding device 112 for coarsely crushing the sorted plastics is included.

At this time, the first sorting device 111 is composed of a conveyor belt that is carried in the plastic material is carried sequentially, it may be configured to sort the plastic material having a volume larger than the reference volume by manual labor. At this time, the reference volume is determined to be the size that can be inserted into the second shredding device 122, it can be set to a smaller volume in order to prevent the failure of the second shredding device (122).

On the other hand, in order to exclude the manual sorting, it may be provided with a sorter for installing the plastic material having a volume larger than the reference volume set in advance, such as a conveyor belt and put into the first shredding device 112. At this time, the classifier is composed of a known means for identifying the size of the plastic material to be conveyed to the conveyor belt and classifying it.

On the other hand, the first shredding device 112 is known to grind the sorted plastics to have a volume of less than the reference volume. The coarsely pulverized plastics are passed through the first shredding device 112 and are combined with the plastics not classified in the first sorting device through the conveying conveyor belt, and are transferred to the second sorting crushing unit 12.

The second classification crushing unit 12 includes a second classification device 121 for classifying the plastic material coarsely crushed and transferred through the first classification crushing unit 11 into soft plastic material and hard plastic water, and the classified soft material. A second fractionation crushing unit 12 including a crushing device 122 for remixing the plastics and the hard plastics at a combustion mixing ratio and pulverizing the plastic grains to calculate the plastic grains is included.

At this time, the second sorting device 121 is composed of a conveyor belt for sequentially transporting plastics, it can be divided into soft plastic and hard plastic by manual labor.

Alternatively, the second classification device 121 may be configured to separate a large amount of plastics without manual work through various known techniques such as separation by wind power or separation using a sedimentation speed difference.

In addition, it is preferable to dispose of the flame retardant impurities in a separate waste storage tank 5 while passing through the second sorting apparatus 121.

Meanwhile, the second sorting apparatus 121 includes a first hopper 1211 in which the separated soft plastic water is accommodated, and a second hopper 1212 in which the hard plastic water is accommodated.

In addition, the soft plastic water and the hard plastic water discharged from the first hopper 1211 and the second hopper 1212 according to the combustion mixing ratio are introduced into the second crushing device 122 through the transfer conveyor 1213. do.

That is, by adjusting the opening amounts of the doors of the first hopper and the second hopper, the ratio of the soft plastic material and the hard plastic water may be adjusted by the combustion mixing ratio.

At this time, the combustion mixing ratio is a ratio that does not cause the soft plastic water to be stuck to the second crusher when it is mixed and crushed in the second crusher, so that it can be molded and discharged smoothly in the compression melting machine described later. The combustion mixing ratio is set differently depending on the performance of the shredding apparatus.

Here, the classification of the soft plastics and the hard plastics does not have to be made perfectly, and if the classification success level of the soft plastics satisfies 70% or more by weight, it is classified as the same classification success degree and mixed with the hard plastics stored in the second hopper. 2 It is enough to cause a breakdown device or the like.

On the other hand, the second shredding device 122 has a well-known configuration, and finely pulverizes the soft plastic water and the hard plastic water discharged from the first hopper 1211 and the second hopper 1212 to form a small grain-shaped plastic grain. Create

The resulting plastic pellets are introduced into the washing dehydration unit 2 through a conveying means such as a transfer blower 1221, and are washed and dehydrated to remove fine impurities.

Specifically, the washing dehydration unit 2 includes a washing tank 21 containing a washing solution and a dehydrator 22 for removing the washing solution from the plastic grains passed through the washing tank.

At this time, the washing solution is added with additives such as surfactant, antifoam, and may include a known metal removing means using a magnet for removing the metal during the washing process.

In addition, the dehydrator 22 has a general configuration of dehydration using centrifugal force, natural drying, or promoting dehydration by heating. Plastic granules dried through a dehydrator are stored in a chip storage tank.

On the other hand, since the plastic particles discharged to the crushing device 122 includes plastic dust, it is preferable to remove the plastic particles before the plastic particles are put into the washing dehydration unit 2. Therefore, the power generation system through pellet combustion may further include a cyclone separator 6 for separating and discharging the plastic dust from the plastic particles discharged from the crushing device 122.

At this time, the cyclone separator 6 has a conventional configuration in which plastic pellets are collected in the center and discharged to the bottom by using the cyclone principle, and dust is discharged to the top.

By further removing the cyclone separation unit, a large amount of plastic dust generated during the production of plastic granules is removed in advance, so that the dust is submerged in the washing tank to prevent the washing tank or prevent the plastic dust from blocking the inlet of the compression melting machine. do.

On the other hand, the pellet generating unit 3 receives the plastic pellets collected in the chip storage tank via the washing dehydration unit 2 to form pellets.

The pellet producing unit 3 includes a compression melting machine 31 for compressing plastic pellets at a high temperature to form a plastic ingot, a cooling water tank 32 for cooling the plastic ingot, and shredding the cooled plastic ingot. A third shredding device 34 for generating and moving the pellet storage tank 33 through the transfer blower 341 is included.

The compression melting machine 31 melts plastic pellets and combines them to form a plastic mass. At this time, due to the soft plastic pellets mixed with the combustion mixing ratio and the hard plastic pellets, the compression melting machine compresses and forms the melted and uniformly mixed plastic ingots while reducing the adhesion of the soft plastic pellets.

The plastic ingot compressed by the compression melter at a high specific gravity is injected into the cooling water tank 32 to be cooled to room temperature, and the cooled plastic ingot is crushed into pellets suitable for being introduced into the burner 41 through the second shredding device 122 and then pellets. It is transferred to the reservoir 33.

On the other hand, the harmful gas generated during the melting of the plastic pellets in the compression melting machine 31 is sucked out through the exhaust fan, it can be exhausted after being filtered through a gas scrubber (scrubber) (7). This gas scrubber 7 has a construction having a multilayer filter layer in a dry manner.

On the other hand, the power generation unit 4 is composed of a burner 41 for receiving and burning the pellets stored in the pellet storage tank 33, and a generator 42 for generating electrical power by the flame of the burner (41).

At this time, the generator 42 has a known configuration for producing electricity by heating water with the flame of the burner, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

2 is a side cross-sectional view of the burner.

The burner 41 burns solid pellets by vaporization, and specifically, the burner is provided with a combustion chamber 411 that receives and burns the pellets produced by the pellet generator 3.

In addition, the combustion chamber 411 liquefies the introduced pellets, and the inner diameter is gradually increased toward the front and the liquefied space portion 4111 is formed to gradually reduce the inner diameter in front of the liquefied space portion 4111, And a vaporization space portion 4112 for evaporating the pellets, and an ejection portion 4113 formed to extend in front of the vaporization space portion 4112 and ignited and discharged to the front.

In addition, the inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion 4111 and the inner wall surface of the vaporization space portion 4112 is fixed to the rear, and the red bar 412 is provided to maintain a high temperature to liquefy or vaporize the pellets. At this time, the glowing bar body 412 is coupled to the vertical bar 4121 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion 4111 or the vaporization space portion 4112 perpendicular to the end of the vertical rod to increase the red area Horizontal plate 4122 is included.

That is, in the combustion chamber 411 of the burner 41, the central part has a maximum diameter, and the diameter is gradually reduced toward both front and rear ends. The pellet introduced into the combustion chamber passes through the liquefaction space portion 4111 and the vaporization space portion 4112, melts from a solid to a liquid, and then evaporates from a liquid to a gas and is phase-changed for combustion.

At this time, the glowing bar 412 is glowing as a member protruding perpendicularly from the inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion 4111 and the vaporization space portion 4112, the internal temperature of the combustion chamber to 500 ℃ to 1000 ℃ suitable for the vaporization of the plastic pellets Keep it. In addition, the vertical bar 4121 of the glowing bar body 412 acts as a resistance element that prevents the injected pellets from being discharged to the front of the burner 41 before vaporizing, and the horizontal plate 4122 increases the area of red heat and heat dissipation. This allows the pellet to phase change and vaporize more quickly.

Therefore, the burner 41 provided with the glowing bar body 412 in the combustion chamber 411 vaporizes the pellets, thereby preventing the incomplete combustion of the pellets, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency.

On the other hand, in order to prevent contamination of the surrounding air in which the power generation system 100 is installed through pellet combustion, the power generation system 100 through pellet combustion includes a second sorting crushing unit 12, a cyclone separator 6, and a pellet storage tank. It is preferable to further include a filter device 8 for collecting the plastic dust generated in (33).

The second classification crushing unit 12 not only generates plastic dust in the classification process by the second classification device 121, but also generates a large amount of plastic dust during the pulverization process of the plastics by the crushing device 122. In addition, the plastic dust generated in the crushing device 122 is discharged through the cyclone separator 6, the pellets discharged from the third crushing device 34 is also plastic in the process of being poured into the pellet storage tank 33 Large amounts of dust are generated.

The plastic dust is collected through the suction duct connected to the filter device, and the filter device 8 collects and discharges the plastic dust. At this time, the filter device 8 has a conventional configuration in which the air containing the plastic dust is sucked and discharged by passing through the multiple filters by the exhaust fan (81).

This can prevent the surrounding air from being contaminated by plastic dust.

100: system
1: classification crushing part
Reference Signs List 11: First Class Shredding Unit 111 First Classifier 112 112 First Class Crusher
12: second classification crushing unit 121: second classification device 1211: first hopper
1212: the second hopper 1213: transfer conveyor 1221: transfer blower
122: second shredding device
2: washing dehydration part
21 washing tank 22 dehydrator
3: pellet generating part
31: compression melting machine 32: cooling water tank 33: pellet storage tank
34: second shredding device 341: transfer blower
4: power generation unit
41: burner 411: combustion chamber 4111: liquefied space
4112: vaporization space portion 4113: discharge portion 412: red heat sealing body
4121: vertical bar 4122: horizontal plate
5: waste storage tank
6: cyclone separator
7: gas scrubber
8: filter device
81: exhaust fan

Claims (7)

A sorting crushing unit (1) for classifying and crushing the imported plastics to calculate plastic grains;
Washing dehydration unit (2) to wash and dehydrate the plastic pellets to remove impurities;
A pellet generating unit (3) for compression melting the plastic granules, cooling and crushing the pellets to produce pellets; And
And a power generation unit (4) for generating electricity with a high temperature flame obtained through the burner (41) for burning the pellets. In claim 1,
The sorting crushing unit 1
A first sorting device 111 for sorting bulky plastics among the imported plastics, and a first shredding device 112 for coarsely crushing the bulky plastics filtered through the first sorting device (111) The first classification crushing unit 11 including; And
The second sorting apparatus 121 for classifying the plastics having passed through the first sorting crushing unit 11 into soft plastics and hard plastics, and remixing the sorted soft plastics and the hard plastics at a combustion mixing ratio. And a second classification and crushing unit (12) including a crushing device (122) for pulverizing and calculating the plastic grains. In claim 2,
The second sorting apparatus 121 includes a first hopper 1211 in which the separated soft plastic water is accommodated, and a second hopper 1212 in which the hard plastic water is accommodated.
The soft plastics and the hard plastics discharged from the first hopper 1211 and the second hopper 1212 according to the combustion mixing ratio are introduced into the second shredding device 122 through the transfer conveyor 1213. Power generation system through pellet combustion, characterized in that. 4. The method of claim 3,
Separating and discharging the plastic dust from the plastic pellets, the generation system through pellet combustion, characterized in that it further comprises a cyclone separator (6) for injecting the plastic pellets into the washing dehydration unit (2). In claim 4,
The pellet generation unit (3)
Compression melter 31 for compressing the plastic pellets at high temperature to form a plastic ingot, a cooling water tank 32 for cooling the plastic ingot, and crushing the cooled plastic ingot to produce pellets and then a transfer blower ( And a third shredding device (34) for moving to the pellet storage tank (33) through 341. In claim 5,
The burner 41 is
Combustion chamber 411 is provided that receives the pellet produced in the pellet generating unit 3 and burns,
The combustion chamber 411 liquefies the introduced pellets, and a liquefied space portion 4111 whose inner diameter gradually increases toward the front, and an inner diameter is gradually reduced in front of the liquefied space portion 4111, and liquefied A vaporization space portion 4112 for vaporizing the pellets and an ejection portion 4113 formed to extend in front of the vaporization space portion 4112, and the vaporized pellet is ignited and discharged forward;
The inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion 4111 and the inner wall surface of the vaporization space portion 4112 is further fixed to the red, the red heat sealing body 412 for maintaining a high temperature to liquefy or vaporize is further provided,
The glowing bar body 412 is coupled to the end of the vertical bar (4121) and the vertical bar (4121) fixed perpendicular to the inner wall surface of the liquefied space portion 4111 or vaporization space portion 4112, the glowing area Power generation system through pellet combustion, characterized in that it comprises a horizontal plate (4122) to enlarge. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The second generation crushing unit 12, the cyclone separation unit 6 and the filter device for collecting the plastic dust generated in the pellet storage tank 33 further comprises a power generation through the combustion system.

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