JP7100602B2 - Incinerator ash treatment method and treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a method and apparatus for treating incinerated ash, and more specifically, for incinerated ash containing carbon fibers discharged from an incinerator, the incinerated ash from which carbon fibers have been removed is used as a cement raw material, and the incinerated ash is used as a raw material for cement. The present invention relates to a method and a treatment device for incinerator ash, which enables the recovered carbon fiber to be effectively used as an alternative fuel in cement production.

With the widespread use of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "CFRP"), the amount of general waste and industrial waste containing CFRP continues to increase. Generally, combustible waste such as CFRP is incinerated in an incinerator, but since the carbon fiber contained in CFRP is flame-retardant, for example, carbon fiber in an incinerator with a combustion temperature of about 1000 ° C. Is not completely burned down and remains in the incineration ash (flying ash, main ash) generated in the incinerator.

One of the recycling methods for incinerated ash (fly ash, main ash) is to use it as a cement raw material, but when incinerated ash containing carbon fiber is used as a cement raw material, it is in the incinerated ash because of its light weight. The carbon fiber is sent to the exhaust gas dust collector by the cement kiln exhaust gas. For example, when the exhaust gas dust collector is an electric dust collector, the conduction of the carbon fiber causes a short circuit. Further, when the exhaust gas dust collector is a bug filter, the carbon fiber is hard and thin, which damages the bug filter and causes poor smoke exhaust. Therefore, the presence of carbon fiber in the incinerator ash is a major obstacle to the recycling of the cement raw material of the incinerator ash.

As a method for separating incineration ash (flying ash) and incineration residue (main ash), for example, Patent Document 1 describes a crusher for crushing incinerator ash and iron or the like from incinerator ash crushed by the crusher. An industrial waste incinerator ash treatment system including a magnetic separator for separating magnetic substances and a dry ball mill for further crushing the incinerated ash after separating the magnetic substances by the magnetic separator is disclosed. Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, a magnetic sorter that sorts iron from the incineration residue, a glass sorter that sorts glass from the incineration residue, and an incineration ash that adheres to the iron sorted by the magnetic sorter are dry-type. Disclosed is a pretreatment device including a dry iron selection device that separates from iron by treatment, and a pretreatment device that removes iron and glass from incineration residue to separate incineration ash.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-56362 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-30792

However, since both the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are a combination of a magnetic separator and a sieving machine, carbon fibers in the incinerated ash that are not magnetized and have the same size as the incinerated ash are separated. That is difficult.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a treatment method for efficiently separating carbon fibers contained in incinerator ash when the incinerator ash is used as a raw material for cement, and a treatment apparatus for carrying out the treatment method. be.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly:
The incinerator ash supply process that supplies the incinerator ash in a dry state,
The present invention provides a method for treating incinerator ash, which comprises a dry separation treatment step for wind-separating the incinerator ash in a dry state supplied in the incinerator ash supply step into a heavy product and a light product.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, since the incinerator ash in a dry state is subjected to the dry separation treatment, the carbon fibers in the incinerator ash are efficiently separated from the incinerator ash and recovered by a simple method. be able to.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is secondly characterized in that, in the above method for treating incinerator ash, the incinerator ash in a dry state has a water content of 15% by mass or less.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, since the incinerator ash in a dry state supplied in the incinerator ash supply step has a water content of 15% by mass or less, a dry separation treatment suitable for separation and recovery of carbon fibers can be performed. It can be applied even more preferably.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention thirdly includes, in the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, the incinerator ash supply step includes a drying treatment step of drying the incinerator ash to produce the incinerator ash in a dry state. It is characterized by that.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, carbon fibers are usually separated and recovered from main ash (wet ash) having a water content of 20% by mass or more and ready-made ash dug up from a final disposal site. The dry separation treatment suitable for the above can be applied even more preferably.

In order to achieve the above object, fourthly, in the above incinerator treatment method, in the dry separation treatment step, while applying vibration to the incinerator ash in the dry state supplied in the incinerator ash supply step. It is characterized by wind separation.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, incinerator ash formed by agglomeration of different constituent phases is decomposed by vibration to create a state in which the constituent phases of the incinerator ash are separated and then separated by wind force. The recovery rate of carbon fibers from ash can be further improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method, the crushing treatment step of crushing the incinerator ash in a dry state is provided in the incinerator ash supply step.

According to the above configuration, each constituent phase can be separated by breaking the massive incinerated ash in which the constituent phases are complicatedly sintered or / or aggregated before the dry separation treatment step. The carbon fibers incorporated in the incinerated ash can also be separated and recovered more efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention sixthly provides the incinerator ash supply step with a classification treatment step for classifying the incinerator ash obtained in the crushing treatment step in the incinerator ash treatment method. It is a feature.

According to the above configuration, since the mass of the constituent phase pieces of the incinerator ash crushed and classified into a predetermined size is roughly proportional to the specific gravity of the constituent phase pieces, the carbon fibers from the incinerated ash in the subsequent dry separation treatment step. Separation accuracy can be improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention seventhly repeats the dry separation treatment step on the light product in which carbon fiber is present, which was recovered in the dry separation treatment step in the treatment method for incinerator ash. It is characterized by that.

According to the above configuration, by repeatedly performing the dry separation treatment on the incinerator ash containing carbon fibers, the accuracy of the separation treatment on the incinerator ash containing the carbon fibers can be further improved. As a result, it is possible to secure a large amount of incineration ash from which carbon fibers have been removed, which can be effectively used as a raw material for cement, and the impurity phase of carbon fibers, which can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in cement production. Can be recovered in a more reduced state.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is described in the eighth aspect.
An incinerator ash supply device for supplying incinerator ash in a dry state,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator ash processing apparatus, which comprises a dry type separation apparatus for wind-separating incinerator ash in a dry state into heavy products and light products.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment apparatus, the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment method can be effectively carried out.

In order to achieve the above object, a ninth aspect of the present invention is the incinerator ash processing apparatus, wherein the incinerator ash supply apparatus is a drying apparatus for drying the incinerator ash to produce the incinerator ash in the dried state. Characterized by including

According to the above-mentioned incineration ash treatment device, in particular, the main ash, which is often submerged-cooled or sprinkled, cannot be efficiently separated by specific gravity as it is because of its high water content as described above. The water content can be adjusted to 15% by mass or less, and the carbon fiber can be separated and recovered more preferably by the dry separation device.

In order to achieve the above object, the tenth aspect of the present invention is that, in the incinerator ash processing apparatus, the dry separation apparatus is provided with a vibration device for vibrating the incinerator ash in the dry state to be provided. It is characterized by being.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash treatment device, by applying vibration to the incinerator ash, it is possible to dissolve the incinerator ash in which the constituent phases are complicatedly aggregated, and it is possible to easily separate the carbon fiber from the incinerator ash. , The recovery rate of carbon fiber from incinerator ash can be further improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is eleventhly characterized in that, in the incinerator ash processing device, the dry separation device includes a dust collector, and the vibration device includes either a swing table or a vibration feeder. And.

According to the above-mentioned incinerator ash processing device, it is possible to separate and recover carbon fibers from the incinerator ash by a combination of general-purpose devices without using a special dry type separation device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that, in the incinerator ash processing apparatus, the incinerator ash supply apparatus includes a crushing apparatus for pulverizing the incinerator ash in a dry state. ..

According to the above configuration, the crushing device can break the massive incinerator ash whose constituent phases are complicatedly sintered and / or aggregated, and separate each constituent phase. Therefore, the incinerator ash can be separated. The carbon fibers taken in inside can be separated and recovered even more efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention thirteenthly provides the incinerator ash supply device with a classifying device for classifying the incinerator ash crushed by the crushing device in the incinerator ash processing device. It is a feature.

According to the above configuration, since only the constituent phase pieces of incinerator ash of a predetermined size can be supplied to the dry-type separation device, the carbon fiber produced by the dry-type separation device that separates the carbon fibers by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between the objects to be treated. The accuracy of separation and recovery is further improved. Furthermore, a closed circuit system of the crushing system can be constructed by combining with the above crushing device, and the entire amount of the supplied incinerator ash can be supplied to the dry type separating device in the subsequent stage in the optimum state for wind power separation. become.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized in that, in the incinerator ash processing apparatus, the classification apparatus includes a sieve, and the mesh size of the sieve is 5 mm to 20 mm.

According to the above configuration, the sieve can easily establish highly accurate conditions for separation and recovery by the drywall separator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention fifteenthly supplies the light product recovered by the dry separation device to a dry separation device different from the dry separation device in the incinerator ash processing device. It is characterized by being provided with a transport device for the purpose.

According to the above configuration, since the incinerator ash containing carbon fibers can be repeatedly supplied to the dry separation device, the accuracy of the separation treatment for the incinerator ash containing the carbon fibers can be further improved. This maximizes the amount of incinerated ash from which carbon fibers are removed, which is recycled as a raw material for cement, and minimizes the amount of incinerated ash constituent phases (impurities) other than carbon fibers, which are recovered as a light product together with carbon fibers. Therefore, the purity of carbon fiber in the light product is increased, and it can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in cement production and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, 16th, a circulation supply device for supplying the light product recovered by the dry separation device to the dry separation device again in the incinerator ash processing device. It is characterized by being prepared.

According to the above configuration, since the incinerator ash containing carbon fibers can be repeatedly supplied to the dry separation device, the accuracy of the separation treatment for the incinerator ash containing the carbon fibers can be further improved. This maximizes the amount of incinerated ash from which carbon fibers are removed, which is recycled as a raw material for cement, and minimizes the amount of incinerated ash constituent phases (impurities) other than carbon fibers, which are recovered as a light product together with carbon fibers. Therefore, the purity of carbon fiber in the light product is increased, and it can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in cement production and the like.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the incinerated ash is recycled as a cement raw material, it is possible to efficiently separate and remove and recover carbon fibers that cause poor smoke exhaust from the cement manufacturing equipment.

By achieving the above-mentioned object of the present invention, carbon fibers having a low impurity content can be recovered from the incinerated ash, and the carbon fibers can also be effectively used for cement production as an alternative fuel. ..

It is a flow figure which shows one Embodiment of the processing method of incinerator ash which concerns on this invention. It is an overall block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the incinerator ash processing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which showed an example of the dry type separation apparatus which can be used in this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which showed another example of the dry type separation apparatus which can be used in this invention.

The incinerator ash to be treated in the present invention includes main ash (bottom ash) recovered from the bottom of the incinerator such as a waste incinerator and solid particulate matter contained in the combustion exhaust gas. Dust collection ash and boiler, gas cooling room, flying ash (fly ash), which is soot collected in the reburning room, and the main ash that was once landfilled in the final disposal site or ash disposal site and then dug up. Examples thereof include ash and flying ash (hereinafter, they are collectively referred to as "ready-made ash").

Normally, fly ash is collected in a dried state (dry ash) with a dust collector or the like, but the main ash, which is an incineration residue discharged from the bottom of an incinerator, is water-cooled or sprinkled with water. It is often recovered as contained wet ash, and its water content may be 20% by mass or more. The ratio (mass ratio) of these incinerators generated from one incinerator is about 7: 1 for main ash: fly ash.

On the other hand, ready-made ash is an unused resource that can flexibly respond to short-term demand, mass demand, etc. from the viewpoint of resources, and promotion of its use is desired from the viewpoint of prolonging the life of the final disposal site. Not all of the properties of ready-made ash remain the same as incinerated ash due to deterioration due to hydration reaction during landfill, but the main properties of ready-made ash such as chemical composition and specific gravity are almost the same as main ash or fly ash. It is the same. However, it often has a water content of 20% by mass or more, which is equivalent to that of wet ash, due to the infiltration of rainwater during landfill.

In general, metal pieces such as iron, glass pieces, pottery pieces, etc. are mixed in the main ash, which is an incinerator residue, and earth and stones are often mixed in the ready-made ash in addition to them. If a substance is mixed, it is preferable to remove it from the incinerated ash before using it in the treatment method or treatment apparatus according to the present invention. In order to remove the contaminants from the main ash and the ready-made ash, and to remove and recover the incinerator ash adhering to the removed contaminants, for example, by sieving as in the method described in Patent Document 2. The machine may be used in combination with a magnetic separator or a glass sorter.

In the dry state (moisture content is 0% by mass) containing no carbon fiber, the apparent specific gravity of the main ash is 0.8 g / cm ³ to 1.1 g / cm ³ , and the apparent specific gravity of the flying ash is 0. It is 3 g / cm ³ to 0.5 g / cm ³ .

Next, carbon fibers and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP), which are objects to be separated from the incinerated ash, will be described. CFRP is a structural material that is lightweight but has excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and generally contains about 30% by mass to 80% by mass of carbon fibers. As the carbon fibers, fibers formed from graphite-like carbon and having excellent mechanical properties such as rigidity are used. For example, polyacrylonitrile-based, pitch-based or cellulose-based fibers are used in an oxidizing atmosphere. After heat-resistant treatment by heating to ° C to 400 ° C, carbonization or graphitization treatment at 300 ° C to 2500 ° C in an inert atmosphere, as well as activation in a semi-active atmosphere such as steam. Activated carbon fiber can be mentioned. The matrix material constituting CFRP includes, for example, polyamide resin, thermoplastic resin such as polypropylene resin and nylon resin, and for example, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyimide resin, bismaleimide resin, phenol resin and the like. A thermosetting resin is used.

The apparent density of CFRP and carbon fiber is 0.3 g / cm ³ to 0.8 g / cm ³ for the former and 0.1 g / cm ³ to 0.5 g / cm ³ for the latter. Therefore, for example, when the latter carbon fiber is compared with the incinerated ash in a dry state (moisture content is 0% by mass) that does not contain the carbon fiber described above, the specific gravity difference from the main ash is at least 0.3 g / cm ³ or more. However, in flying ash, the range of 0.3 g / cm ³ to 0.5 g / cm ³ overlaps.

Therefore, from the above apparent specific gravity, it seemed difficult to separate carbon fibers from the flying ash by the wind power separation method, but according to the research by the present inventors, in reality, the flying of spherical particles Since carbon fibers have a plate-like or linear shape with respect to ash unless they are finely pulverized, the carbon fibers receive a relatively large amount of force due to the air flow in dry separation, and the weight ( It was clarified that carbon fibers are easily separated to the light product side even if the specific gravity) is the same.

Hereinafter, the drawings will be referred to in order to explain the present invention more specifically, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described together with these drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a flow chart showing an embodiment of the incinerator ash treatment method according to the present invention.

As shown in this embodiment, the configuration of the incinerator ash treatment method according to the present invention is roughly divided into an incinerator ash supply step and a dry separation treatment step, which is the minimum required configuration. Then, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the incineration ash supply step S1 is received as a drying treatment step S11 for drying the incineration ash and an incineration ash or a dry ash dried in the drying treatment step S11, if necessary. It is provided with a crushing treatment step S12 for crushing the incineration ash as needed, and a classification treatment step S13 for classifying the incineration ash supplied from the crushing treatment step S12 or the incineration ash received as dry ash as needed. ing. Further, in the dry separation treatment step S2, the first step is to separate the incinerator ash received as the fine particles or dry ash obtained in the classification treatment step S13 by the action of wind power (hereinafter referred to as “wind power separation”). A second dry separation treatment step S22 for wind-separating the first light product obtained in the dry separation treatment step S21 and the first dry separation treatment step S21 is provided.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the incineration ash is preferably incineration ash from which impurities such as metal pieces, glass pieces, pottery pieces, and earth and stones have been removed, as described above.

Further, the drying treatment step S11 provided in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a step for bringing the incinerated ash into a dry state suitable for the subsequent dry separation treatment step S2, but it is not always essential. That is, for example, the fly ash received as the above-mentioned dry ash and a part of the main ash contain a small amount of water due to the absorption of moisture such as moisture in the atmosphere, but the water content is usually 10% by mass or less. The drying treatment step S11 can be omitted.

In the drying treatment step S11 constituting the incineration ash supply step S1, the incineration ash having a water content of more than 15% by mass is dried so that the water content becomes 15% by mass or less. Here, the water content of incinerator ash is the Ministry of Health and Welfare Notification Kansei No. 95 (notification on November 4, 1977, revised on February 1, 1990 (Eikan No. 22)) "Guidance for general waste treatment business". Regarding the points to be noted in connection with the above, that is, the method described in Attachment 2, that is, the weighed sample is dried at 105 ° C ± 5 ° C until it reaches a constant weight using a dryer or the like, and then weighed again and calculated by the following equation (1). Value.
((Weight before drying (kg))-(Weight after drying (kg))) /
(Weight before drying (kg)) ・ ・ ・ (1)

The crushing treatment step S12 is an incineration ash that has undergone the drying treatment step S11 or is supplied by omitting the drying treatment step S11. For example, the incineration ash having a particle size larger than a predetermined size is crushed. It is a process. By this pulverization treatment, the accuracy of wind power separation in the first dry separation treatment S21 in the dry separation treatment step S2 in the subsequent stage can be improved. The predetermined size here means a size that does not pass through the sieve used in the subsequent classification processing step S13.

The incinerated ash that has undergone the drying treatment step S11 may be obtained as a lumpy dried product having a size of several cm while maintaining the aggregated state of the powder before the drying treatment. The main ash, which is an incinerator residue, is usually large particles having a size of several cm or more. In the main pulverization treatment step S12, these large-diameter particles are pulverized so that the obtained pulverized product has a size capable of passing through the sieve used in the subsequent classification treatment step S13.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the crushing process S12 constitutes a closed circuit crushing system together with the subsequent classification processing step S13. That is, the coarse particles that did not pass through the sieve in the subsequent classification treatment step S13 are returned to the main crushing treatment step S12 and crushed again. By doing so, the entire amount of the incinerator ash can be subjected to the dry separation treatment step S2 described later, and the excessive pulverization of the incinerator ash in the main pulverization treatment step S12 can be suppressed. It becomes possible to supply pulverized products having the same size to step S2.

Since the fly ash collected by a dry dust collector such as a bag filter is usually particles having a sufficiently small diameter, the crushing treatment step S12 can be omitted.

In the classification treatment step S13, the incinerated ash that has undergone the crushing treatment step S12 and / or the drying treatment step S11 and / or the crushing treatment step S12 is omitted, and the particle size is larger than the opening of the sieve used in the main classification treatment step S13. This is a process of classifying large incineration ash to obtain incineration ash of a predetermined size or less. By this classification treatment step S13, the size of the incinerator ash supplied to the dry separation treatment step S2 in the subsequent stage can be made uniform, and the accuracy of wind power separation can be improved.

The opening of the sieve in the classification treatment step S13 may be set according to the specifications of the equipment used in the first dry separation treatment step S21 and the second dry separation treatment step S22 constituting the dry separation treatment step S2 in the subsequent stage. However, in the case of large-diameter incinerated ash, carbon fibers may be incorporated inside the ash, so the opening of the sieve must be determined in consideration of the size of the carbon fibers in the incinerated ash. Yes, preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 10 mm or less, still more preferably 8 mm or less.

In the dry separation treatment step S2, the incineration ash supplied from the incineration ash supply step S1, more preferably the incineration ash whose particle size is surely smaller than the mesh size of the sieve used in the classification treatment step S13, is carbonized. This is a step of separating the constituent phase mainly composed of fibers and the other constituent phases and recovering them separately. By the first dry separation treatment step S21 and the second dry separation treatment step S22 constituting the dry separation treatment step S2, the constituent phases other than the constituent phase mainly composed of carbon fiber, which can be a raw material for cement, are treated as heavy products. The constituent phases mainly composed of carbon fiber, which can be used as alternative fuels, are recovered as light products.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the dry separation treatment step S2 shows an embodiment in which the dry separation treatment step is repeated twice, but if a recovered product having the desired purity can be obtained, the dry separation treatment step May be carried out once or may be carried out three or more times. Further, when the dry separation treatment step is carried out a plurality of times, the light product or the heavy product recovered by the dry separation treatment may be circulated and the circulation treatment may be performed again in the same apparatus. Further, when the dry separation treatment step is carried out a plurality of times, the method of each dry separation treatment, the operating operation conditions, and the like may all be the same or may be different individually.

As described above, since there is an overlapping range in the apparent specific densities of carbon fiber and fly ash, a mixture of carbon fiber and fly ash is recovered as a light product. In order to recover the carbon fiber from this light product, for example, when the dry separation treatment step is carried out multiple times, the operation in which the carbon fiber is not recovered on the heavy product side in all the steps is the first step. The treatment conditions may be set according to the number of times so that the ratio of carbon fibers in the recovered light products increases with each repetition.

In the dry separation treatment step S2, in order to more efficiently separate the light products and heavy products constituting the incinerator, the object to be treated in this step is separated by wind power while applying vibration (after vibration). You may. By this vibration, the carbon fibers can be separated from the incinerator ash or can be easily separated.

All of the heavy products recovered in the dry separation treatment step S2 can be put together and effectively used as a raw material for cement. In addition, the recovered light products can be effectively used as an alternative fuel in cement production. When the light product is used as an alternative fuel, it is preferably used in a kiln burner in order to prevent smoke exhaust failure due to the carbon fibers constituting most of the light product. At this time, the length of the carbon fiber used as an alternative fuel may be 10 mm or less.

FIG. 2 shows an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the incinerator ash processing apparatus according to the present invention. The incinerator ash processing device 1 according to this embodiment includes a storage place 2 for storing the received incinerator ash AS1 supplied from the incinerator, a hopper 3 for accommodating the received incinerated ash AS1 to be transported to each processing device, and a hopper. Transport device 4 for sending the received incinerator ash AS1 discharged from 3 to each treatment device, and the received incinerator ash AS1-1 with a water content exceeding 15% by mass that requires drying treatment is dried to remove excess water. Incinerator 5 for making incinerator ash AS2, incinerator ash AS2, large-diameter incinerator ash AS1-2 that does not require drying treatment, or incinerator ash AS5 described later is crushed into small pieces. The incinerator AS4 for classifying the crushing device 6 for obtaining the ash AS3, the incinerator AS3 and / or the small-diameter received incinerator AS1-3 that does not require a drying treatment, and the incinerator AS4 satisfying a predetermined size, and a predetermined size. Classifying device 7 for separating incinerator ash AS5 that does not satisfy the above, vibration device 8-1 for vibrating incinerator ash AS4 and / or dried sufficiently small diameter received incinerator ash AS1-4, which is vibrated. The relatively lightweight incinerator AS6 (corresponding to the "first light product" described in FIG. 1) in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 is sucked up by the action of wind force by suction air. A suction device 9-1 for separating the incinerator, a transport device 10 for sending the incinerator AS6 to the vibration device 8-2 described later, a vibration device 8-2 for vibrating the incinerator AS6, and the vibrated incinerator. The recovered CF (corresponding to the "second light product" described in FIG. 1) containing the relatively lightweight carbon fiber in the ash AS6 is sucked up by the action of wind force in the same manner as the suction device 9-1. It is composed of a suction device 9-2 for separation. Then, the relatively heavy incinerator ash A (corresponding to the "heavy product" described in FIG. 1) discharged from the vibrating devices 8-1 and 8-2 is sucked into the raw material system of the cement factory. The recovered material CF containing the carbon fiber recovered in -2 is said to be transported to the fuel system of the cement factory. In the incinerator ash processing device 1 according to this embodiment, the combination of the vibrating device 8-1 and the suction device 9-1 constitutes the first dry type separation device, and the vibrating device 8-2 and the suction device. The combination with 9-2 constitutes the second drywall separator. Further, the light products recovered from the first dry-type separation device may be returned to the same dry-type separation device at a predetermined timing to perform the dry-type separation process again. In that case, the mechanism of the transportation device 10 is the first. A circulation supply device for retransmitting the light product from the dry-type separation device of 1 to the first dry-type separation device may be configured.

The yard 2 houses the received incinerator ash AS1 discharged from the incinerator. As described above, it is preferable that the incineration ash used in the present invention has large-diameter impurities such as metal pieces, glass pieces, pottery pieces and earth and stones removed. Further, in order to avoid troubles in transportation in the processing apparatus 1, for example, discharge troubles from the hopper 3 in the subsequent stage, it is preferable that the pieces are crushed to a maximum diameter of 15 cm or less. Therefore, the storage place 2 is equipped with a foreign matter removing facility for removing the above metals and the like from the received incinerator ash AS1 and a crushing and classifying facility for reducing the received incinerator ash AS1 from which the foreign matter has been removed to the above particle size. You may. These foreign matter removing equipment and crushing and classifying equipment may be appropriately used depending on the state of the received incinerator ash AS1.

The hopper 3 accommodates the received incinerator ash AS1 carried out from the storage area 2.
The hopper 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can quantitatively discharge the received incinerator ash AS1, and a loss-in weight type hopper, a hopper provided with a quantitative feeder or a rotary feeder, or the like can be preferably used. The hopper 3 may be provided with a storage tank for the received incinerator ash AS1.

The transport device 4 is not particularly limited as long as it can transport the received incineration ash AS1 carried out from the hopper 3 to each processing device, and a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a vibration conveyor, air transport, an air slide, or the like can be used. ..

In the drying apparatus 5, the received incinerator ash AS1-1 having a water content of more than 15% by mass is dried to become incinerator ash AS2 having a water content of 15% by mass or less. The drying device 5 is not particularly limited as long as it can dry the received incineration ash AS1-1 to a water content of 15% by mass or less, and is a hot air heat receiving type dryer, a conduction heat transfer type dryer, a far infrared type dryer, and the like. Various heating methods such as a microwave dryer and a heated steam dryer can be used. Above all, a hot air type rotary dryer is preferable from the viewpoint of performing quick and uniform drying. Further, when a material stirring type drying device such as a hot air type rotary dryer is used as the drying device 5, it is possible to obtain the effect that the aggregated state of the received incineration ash AS1-1 is dissolved by the physical stirring action. ..

In the incinerator ash processing apparatus 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the drying apparatus 5 corresponds to the drying processing step S11 described in FIG. The incinerator ash supply device in the incinerator ash processing device according to the present invention does not necessarily require a drying device as an indispensable constituent requirement. In the example of the above embodiment, by supplying the incinerator ash that has already been dried to the hopper 3, the drying apparatus 5 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be omitted.

In the crushing apparatus 6, the incinerator AS2 having a water content of 15% by mass or less, or the large-diameter received incinerator ash AS1-2 conveyed from the hopper 3 that does not require a drying treatment is crushed into incinerator ash AS3. In the crushing apparatus 6, it is necessary to crush the carbon fibers in the incinerator ash AS2 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-2 to the extent that they can be separated. That is, in the case of wind power separation, the separation is performed by utilizing the difference in the specific densities of the objects to be processed. Therefore, even if the specific densities are the same but the sizes and shapes are different, it becomes difficult to properly separate the objects to be processed. For example, even if the specific density is the same, the larger the dimension, the heavier it becomes, and the more difficult it is to be blown by the wind. Therefore, prior to the wind power separation process, it is necessary to pulverize the object to be processed so that its size and shape are made uniform to some extent. The degree of crushing is the size of the incinerator ash AS2 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-2, the size of the carbon fibers in the incinerator ash AS2 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-2, the size of the carbon fiber in the incinerator ash AS2 and / or the acceptance. It depends on the content of carbon fibers in the incinerator ash AS1-2. Therefore, the crushing apparatus 6 includes coarse crushing (the size of the crushed product is several tens of cm to several cm), medium crushing (the size of the crushed product is several cm to several hundred μm), and fine crushing (the size of the crushed product is several tens of centimeters to several hundreds of μm). A device capable of pulverizing any one or more of several mm to several μm), or a combination of these devices.

When the crushing device 6 is a coarse crusher, a jaw crusher, a gyre crusher, a corn crusher, an impact crusher, or the like can be preferably used as the crushing device 6. When the crushing device 6 is a medium crusher, a roll crusher, an aero fall mill, or the like can be preferably used as the crushing device 6. Further, when the crushing device 6 is a fine crushing machine, a rolling ball mill, a vibration mill, a planetary mill, a medium stirring mill, or the like can be preferably used as the crushing device 6. When a plurality of these crushing devices are combined to form a crushing device 6, by constructing a closed circuit crushing system by installing a classifier between the crushers, it is possible to efficiently produce incinerated ash AS3 having a uniform particle size and a small diameter. Can be obtained.

In the incinerator ash processing device 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the crushing device 6 corresponds to the crushing process step S12 described in FIG.

In the classification device 7, the incinerator ash AS3 or the dry small-diameter received incinerator ash AS1-3 that does not require the drying treatment and the crushing treatment transferred from the hopper 3 has an incinerator ash AS4 having a predetermined size or less and a predetermined incinerator ash AS4. It is classified into incinerator ash AS5, which is larger than its size. The classification device 7 is not particularly limited as long as it can classify the incinerator ash AS3 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-3 at a predetermined classification point, and is a sieve (in-plane motion sieve, vibration sieve), a gravity type classifier, and the like. A centrifugal classifier such as an inertial force classifier and a centrifugal classifier such as a cyclone can be preferably used. Of these, sieving is preferable because of the convenience of equipment, operation, and adjustment. The mesh size of the sieve is preferably 5 mm to 20 mm, more preferably 5 mm to 15 mm, and even more preferably 8 mm to 15 mm.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the incinerator ash AS5, which is determined to be larger than the predetermined classification point in the classification device 7, employs a closed circuit crushing system that is returned to the crushing device 6. By adopting this closed circuit crushing system, over-crushing by the crushing device 6, that is, while suppressing excessive reduction in the diameter of the incinerator ash AS4, the incinerator ash AS2 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1- supplied to the crushing device 6 is suppressed. 2. Further, the total amount of the received incinerator ash AS1-3 can be finally made into an incinerator ash AS4 satisfying a desired size. On the other hand, when the diameter of the incinerator ash AS4 is excessively reduced, the carbon fibers in the incinerator ash AS4 are also miniaturized, and the recovery accuracy of the carbon fibers in the dry separation device in the subsequent stage is lowered.
As the classification device 7, a crusher having a built-in sieve net can also be preferably used.

In the incinerator ash processing apparatus 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the classification apparatus 7 corresponds to the classification processing step S13 described in FIG.

In the vibrating device 8-1, the dried, sufficiently small-diameter received incinerator ash AS1-4 that does not require the drying treatment, the crushing treatment, and the classification treatment conveyed from the incinerator ash AS4 or the hopper 3 is vibrated and incinerated ash. At the same time that the aggregated state of AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 is released, the lightweight constituent phase constituting the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 floats on the vibrating device 8-1. It will be like. That is, by using the vibrating device 8-1, a carbon fiber or the like having a small specific gravity and being lightweight is suspended, and the suction device 9-1 installed above the vibrating device 8-1 makes it easy to collect.

The vibrating device 8-1 is not limited as long as the supplied incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 can be in the above state, and is not limited to a swing table or a vibration feeder (crank type, weight type, etc.). (Electromagnetic type) can be used. Further, if the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 can be brought into the above state, air may be blown onto the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4. In the vibrating device 8-1, a lightweight material derived from incinerator ash AS4 and / or a lightweight material derived from received incinerator ash AS1-4 are artificially danced. Therefore, in order to prevent the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 from scattering to the surroundings due to vibration, the vibrating device 8-1 connects the connection point with the suction device 9-1. It is preferable to cover the entire body including the housing with a housing.

The incinerator ash AS6 recovered by the suction device 9-1 is an incinerator ash composed of a relatively lightweight constituent phase in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or in the received incinerator ash AS1-4. On the other hand, the relatively heavy constituent phases in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4, which were not recovered by the suction device 9-1, are discharged from the vibrating device 8-1 as the incinerator ash A. To. Here, it is preferable that the incinerator ash AS6 recovered by the suction device 9-1 contains almost all of the carbon fibers mixed in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4. That is, it is preferable that carbon fibers do not leak to the incinerator ash A side that is used as a raw material for cement.

The suction device 9-1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a dry device capable of recovering a relatively lightweight constituent phase in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4 on the vibrating device 8-1. For example, an air suction type general-purpose dust collector or the like can be preferably used. In addition, the incinerator ash AS6 recovered by adjusting the suction force of the dust collector or the like contains almost all of the carbon fibers mixed in the incinerator ash AS4 and / or the received incinerator ash AS1-4. Can be.

As a dry separation device that performs dry separation processing, instead of or in addition to the suction mechanism described above, a zigzag type wind classifier or a simultaneous multi-product dry fine powder classifier (for example, Nittetsu Mining Co., Ltd. elbow jet or Japan). A general dry separator such as a dispersion separator manufactured by Pneumatic Industries Co., Ltd.) or an air table may be used. In this case, the vibration device 8-1 may be subjected to pretreatment by the vibration device 8-1, or may be omitted.

FIG. 3 shows, as an example of the dry separation device that can be used in the present invention, a device configured by using a vibration feeder 20 for the vibration device 8-1 and a dust collector for the suction device 9-1 and combining them. The schematic configuration of is shown. In the dry type separation device of this example, the periphery of the vibration feeder 20 is covered with a housing 21, and the housing 21 is connected to an air suction pipe 22 of a dust collector arranged above the vibration feeder 20.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a zigzag type wind classifier as an example of another dry type separator that can be used in the present invention. In the drywall separator of this example, the object to be processed supplied from the charging tank 40 is blown up toward the zigzag channel 43 by the air 42 supplied into the machine from the blower 41 (by the action of wind power). The light products contained in the object to be treated pass through the zigzag channel 43 and are discharged to the outside of the machine from the light product discharge port 44 arranged at the upper part. On the other hand, the heavy products contained in the object to be treated cannot pass through the zigzag channel 43, fall downward inside the machine, and are discharged to the outside of the machine from the heavy product discharge port 45. As a result, the light product and the heavy product contained in the object to be treated are separated and recovered.

In the incinerator ash processing device 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the vibrating device 8-1 and the suction device 9-1 correspond to the first dry separation processing step S21 described in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the incinerated ash AS6 recovered by the vibration device 8-1 and the suction device 9-1 constituting the first dry type separation device is subjected to the second dry type by the transport device 10. It is conveyed to the vibrating device 8-2 that constitutes the separation device. The transport device 10 is not particularly limited as long as it can transport dry powder or small-diameter particles, and a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, a vibration conveyor, air transport, an air slide, or the like can be used.

In the vibrating device 8-2, the incinerator ash AS6 is vibrated so that the aggregated state of the incinerator ash AS6 is released and at the same time, most of the carbon fibers constituting the incinerator ash AS6 are suspended on the vibrating device 8-2. become. Here, the incinerator ash AS6 is configured by recovering the relatively lightweight constituent phase in the incinerator ash by the vibration device 8-1 and the suction device 9-1 constituting the first dry separation device. The weight difference (≈specific gravity difference) between the carbon fiber and the other constituent phases is very small. Therefore, in the vibrating device 8-2 constituting the second dry type separating device, it is necessary to create a state in which the carbon fibers are selectively suspended from such an object having a small weight difference as much as possible. In such a case, the same type of device as the vibrating device 8-1 can be used for the vibrating device 8-2, but the operating operation conditions and the like are such that the carbon fibers are selectively suspended. It may be different from the vibrating device 8-1 so as to be made.

In the incinerator ash processing device 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the vibrating device 8-2 and the suction device 9-2 correspond to the second dry separation processing step S22 described in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, almost all of the carbon fibers in the incinerated ash AS6 are recovered by the vibrating device 8-2 and the suction device 9-2 constituting the second dry separation device, and the cement is used. It is sent to the fuel system of the factory. On the other hand, the constituent phases of the incinerator ash AS6 other than the carbon fibers, which were not recovered by the second dry separation device due to the relatively heavy weight, were discharged from the vibration device 8-2 as the incinerator ash A, and the vibration. It is sent to the raw material system of the cement factory together with the incinerator ash A discharged from the device 8-1.

As described above, by using the incinerator ash treatment method of the present invention, the incinerator ash received at the cement factory can be stably recycled.

Hereinafter, specific test examples will be shown to explain the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments of these test examples.

Urban waste incineration ash with a water content of 0.5% by mass (specific gravity: 0.9 g / cm ³ ) and carbon fiber (shape: linear, maximum side length: 15 mm to 40 mm, specific gravity: 0.3 g / cm ³ ) The recovery accuracy of the carbon fiber by the dry separation treatment was confirmed for the mixture of the mixture in an amount of 0.035% by mass (350 ppm).
As the dry-type separation device for the dry-type separation process, a device configured by combining a vibration feeder and a dust collector was used in the same manner as the configuration of the example shown in FIG.
As the operating conditions of the dry separator, a total of 4 levels are set, which are a combination of 2 levels of large and small vibrations of the vibration feeder and 2 levels of strong and weak suction of the dust collector, and cannot be collected by the dust collector. The ratio of carbon fiber in the incinerated ash, the amount of the collected material by the dust collector, and the content ratio of the carbon fiber in the collected material were compared. At all levels, the amount of material to be treated is 40 kg and the treatment time is 60 minutes.
The results are shown in Table 1.

As can be seen from Table 1, at levels 3 and 4 where the vibration of the vibration feeder was large, almost no carbon fiber was present in the incinerator ash on the vibration feeder after the treatment, and almost the entire amount was recovered by the dust collector. Further, when comparing the collected materials by the dust collector, the content ratio of the carbon fibers in the collected materials was lower than that of the level 1 or 2 at the levels 3 and 4 in which the entire amount of carbon fibers was recovered. It is considered that this is because, at Levels 3 and 4, many constituent phases other than the constituent phase mainly composed of carbon fiber were recovered as light products.
From the above results, it was clarified that the entire amount of carbon fiber can be recovered from the incinerated ash, and that it is necessary to optimize the operating conditions of the dry separator in order to recover the entire amount of carbon fiber. In addition, when the total amount of carbon fiber is recovered from the incinerated ash, the carbon fiber content in the recovered material tends not to increase so much. Therefore, the carbon fiber content in the recovered material is increased while the total amount of carbon fiber is recovered. It was considered preferable to repeat the dry separation process a plurality of times.

Next, Table 2 shows the results of using the same test sample as the above-mentioned test and using the same zigzag type wind classifier as the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 as the dry separator. The difference in level in this evaluation is the ventilation speed in the zigzag type wind classifier.

As can be seen from Table 2, at level 13 at a ventilation rate of 10 m / s, almost no carbon fiber was present in the treated heavy product, and almost all of the treated heavy product was recovered as a light product. In addition, from the content ratio of carbon fiber in the light product, as in the result of Table 1, at level 13 in which the entire amount of carbon fiber was recovered, many constituent phases other than the constituent phase mainly composed of carbon fiber were recovered as the light product. It was thought that it was done.
From the above results, it is possible to recover the entire amount of carbon fiber from the incinerated ash even using a general-purpose dry separator, and further, in order to recover the entire amount of carbon fiber, it is necessary to optimize the operating conditions of the general-purpose device. It became clear that. In addition, since the carbon fiber content in the recovered material tends not to increase so much when the total recovery from the incineration ash is attempted, the carbon fiber content in the recovered product is increased while the total amount of carbon fiber is recovered. It was considered preferable to repeat the dry separation process a plurality of times.

1 Incinerator ash processing device 2 Storage area 3 Hopper 4, 10 Transport device 5 Drying device 6 Crushing device 7 Classification device 8-1, 8-2 Vibration device 9-1, 9-2 Suction device 20 Vibration feeder 21 Housing 22 Dust collector Air suction pipe 40 Input tank 41 Blower 42 Air 43 Zigzag channel 44 Light product outlet 45 Heavy product outlet AS1, AS1-1, AS1-2, AS1-3, AS1-4 Incinerator ash AS2, AS3, AS4 , AS5, AS6 Incinerator ash A Incinerator ash recovered as a heavy product CF Recovered product containing carbon fiber recovered as a light product

Claims (16)

The incinerator ash supply process that supplies the incinerator ash in a dry state,
A method for treating incinerator ash , which comprises a dry separation treatment step of wind-separating the incinerator ash in a dry state supplied in the incinerator ash supply step into heavy products and light products, wherein the incinerator ash contains carbon fibers. A method for treating incinerated ash, which is contained and the carbon fibers are recovered in the light product separated in the dry separation treatment step . The method for treating incinerated ash according to claim 1, wherein the incinerated ash in a dry state has a water content of 15% by mass or less. The method for treating incinerator ash according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the incinerator ash supply step includes a drying treatment step of drying the incinerator ash to produce the incinerator ash in a dry state. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the dry separation treatment step, the incinerator in the dry state supplied in the incinerator ash supply step is separated by wind force while applying vibration. How to treat ash. The method for treating incinerator ash according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the crushing treatment step for crushing the incinerator ash in a dry state is provided in the incinerator ash supply step. The method for treating incinerator ash according to claim 5, wherein the incinerator ash supply step is provided with a classification treatment step for classifying the incinerator ash obtained in the crushing treatment step. The treatment of incinerated ash according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the dry separation treatment step is repeated on the light product in which carbon fibers are present, which is recovered in the dry separation treatment step. Method. An incinerator ash supply device for supplying incinerator ash in a dry state,
An incinerator ash processing device provided with a dry separation device for wind-separating the incinerator ash in a dry state into heavy products and light products , wherein the incinerator ash contains carbon fibers and the dry separation device is used. An incinerator ash processing apparatus configured to recover the carbon fibers from the light products separated in the apparatus . The incinerator ash processing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the incinerator ash supply device includes a drying device for drying the incinerator ash to produce the incinerator ash in the dried state. The incinerator ash processing apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the dry type separation apparatus is provided with a vibration device for vibrating the incinerator ash in the dry state to be provided. The incinerator ash processing apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the dry separation device includes a dust collector, and the vibration device includes either a rocking table or a vibration feeder. The incinerator ash processing apparatus according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the incinerator ash supply device includes a crushing device for crushing the incinerator ash in a dry state. The incinerator ash processing device according to claim 12, wherein the incinerator ash supply device includes a classifying device for classifying the incinerator ash crushed by the crushing device. The incinerator ash processing apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the classification device includes a sieve, and the sieve mesh of the sieve is 5 mm to 20 mm. The invention according to any one of claims 8 to 14, further comprising a transport device for supplying the light product recovered by the dry separator to a dry separator different from the dry separator. The described incinerator ash processing device. The incinerator ash according to any one of claims 8 to 14, further comprising a circulation supply device for supplying the light product recovered by the dry-type separation device to the dry-type separation device again. Processing equipment.

Images