KR20090080506A - Burner, and combustion equipment and boiler comprising burner - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a solid fuel burner, which, while rendering the capacity larger than that in the prior art, can suppress an increase in an unignited region and thus can realize the prevention of an increase in NOx density in a combustion gas and the prevention of a lowering in combustion efficiency, and a combustion equipment and boiler comprising the burner. The burner comprises a fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) which supplies a fuel-containing fluid, from a connection part in a fluid transfer flow passage (10) for transferring a fuel-containing fluid comprising a fuel and a medium for the transfer of the fuel, toward an outlet part provided on the wall of a furnace (4). The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) in its cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid is in a rectangular, elliptical, or approximately elliptical form having major and minor axis parts from a connecting part (10a) in the fluid transfer flow passage (10) toward the outlet part provided on the wall surface of the furnace (4). Further, the area of a cross section perpendicular to the direction of flow of the fluid is gradually increased from the connecting part in the fluid transfer flow passage (10) toward the outlet part. One or more air supply nozzles (15) for supplying combustion air are provided on the peripheral part of the nozzle (12).

Description

BURNER, AND COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT AND BOILER COMPRISING BURNER}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a burner, a combustion apparatus including the burner, and a boiler, and more particularly, to the burner capable of efficient low nitrogen oxide (NOx) combustion.

Fig. 28 shows an example of a burner for solid fuel (pulverized coal, biomass fuel, etc.) made in the prior art. Fig. 28 (a) is a side sectional view of the burner, and Fig. 28 (b) is a front view of the burner viewed from the furnace 4 side. The burner for solid fuel has a fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 which defines a fuel containing fluid flow path through which the fuel containing fluid 11 including the solid fuel and the return primary air flows toward the furnace 4. And a combustion air sleeve 15 provided at an outer circumference of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, wherein air in the wind box 3 is defined by the sleeve 15 for combustion. Through the air flow path, it is supplied as secondary air 13 and tertiary air 14. A flame stabilizer 17 is provided at the tip of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, and ignition of fuel from the vicinity of the burner by the action of a circular vortex formed in the wake thereof. (着火) is possible.

The tip of the combustion air sleeve 15 is in a position facing the burner throat 16 provided on the furnace wall, and the tip of the sleeve 15 extends outwardly of the burner. 15a is provided, and the tertiary air 14 spreads outward by the combustion air guide plate 15a to slow the mixing of the air to the flame center and promote combustion under a reducing atmosphere of air shortage. The production of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the combustion gas is suppressed.

Fig. 1 (c) is a sectional view of a direction along the jet flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 in the burner of the prior art, and Fig. 1 (d) is shown in Fig. 1 (d). As shown in the front view of the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner of c) seen from the furnace 4 side, in the burner of the prior art, the cross section of the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is circular. Has a shape close to. When the fuel-containing fluid 11 is introduced into the furnace 4, the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 may be heated by the radiation in the furnace 4 or by the action of the circulating swirler downstream of the flame retarder 17. The fuel is ignited near the exit.

Fig. 29A is a sectional view of a direction along the jet flow of the fuel containing fluid 11 of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 in the burner of the prior art, and the fuel containing fluid is shown in Fig. 29B. As shown in the front view of the outlet portion of the supply nozzle 12 viewed from the furnace 4 side, the ignition position 33 of the fuel in the fuel-containing fluid ejected from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 into the furnace 4 is shown. Is formed. After the fuel ignites on the surface of the jet stream of the fuel containing fluid 11, the flame formed gradually propagates toward the central portion of the jet stream of the fuel containing fluid 11. FIG. 30 schematically shows the behavior of flame propagation in the furnace 4 in the cross-sectional direction along the jet flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 in the burner of the prior art. . The complexation region 32 is formed around the conical unignitioned region 31.

The burner of the circular cross section shown to the said FIG. 28 thru | or 30 is used by what is called a counter combustion system arrange | positioned at the pair of furnace heads which oppose, respectively. On the other hand, so-called tangential firing which burns fuel while ejecting the said fuel containing fluid in the direction which gives turning in the furnace 4 from the exit of the some fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 along the furnace wall surface. In many cases, the exit shape of the cross section (cross section orthogonal to the fuel-containing fluid flow) of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is square or a square close to a square.

Further, a burner in which the exit shape of the cross section (cross section orthogonal to the fuel-containing fluid flow) of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is a rectangular shape, an elliptic shape or an approximately elliptic shape having a long diameter portion and a short diameter portion is described in the following patent. Documents 1-3 are disclosed.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-500981

Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 8-226615

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-281009

In general, the cross section of the outlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner has a circular or near-square shape, and as shown in FIG. 30, ignition from the outside of the fuel-containing fluid jet in the furnace 4. In some cases, a flame may require significant distance to propagate to the center of the fuel-containing fluid jet. The distance at which the ignition flame propagates in the jet flow direction of the fuel containing fluid 11 from the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 to the center of the fuel jet flow, that is, the unignitioned distance L1 'shown in FIG. ) Becomes longer as the diameter or periphery of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 becomes larger, so that the unignitioned region 31 is enlarged. Promoting combustion in the reduction region near the burner is important for suppressing NOx generation in the combustion gas, but the enlargement of the unignited region 31 impairs the characteristic of suppression of this NOx concentration. In addition, the expansion of the unignitioned region 31 means that the combustion time after ignition is shortened, which may be a factor of lowering combustion efficiency.

Increasing the burner capacity (reducing the number of burners) is an effective method for reducing cost and improving operability. However, in the prior art, when the burner capacity is increased, the diameter or the outer diameter of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 becomes long, The unignitioned region 31 is enlarged, and there is a problem that causes an increase in NOx and a decrease in combustion efficiency. This problem was caused by a large distance from the ignition region 32 of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream surface to the center of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream. Moreover, the invention which made the exit shape of the cross section (cross section orthogonal to the fuel containing fluid flow) of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the said patent documents 1-3 into the rectangular shape etc. which consist of a combination of a long diameter part and a short diameter part. In the above, there is no mention of countermeasure against the increase in the burned capacity and the unignitioned region 31 to increase the NOx and lower the combustion efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to increase the capacity of the non-ignition zone while suppressing an increase in the unignitioned area, and to increase the NOx concentration in the combustion gas and to prevent the reduction of combustion efficiency, and a burner having the burner. And to provide a boiler.

Means to solve the problem

The problem of the present invention is solved by the following solution.

The invention according to claim 1 is directed from the connecting portion 10a of the fuel-containing fluid conveying flow path 10 for conveying the solid fuel and the fuel-containing fluid 11 of the fuel conveying medium toward the outlet portion provided on the furnace 4 wall surface. A burner having a fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 for supplying the fluid 11 and an air supply nozzle 15 for supplying at least one combustion air to an outer circumference of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. In this case, the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 has a long cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10 toward the outlet portion provided on the wall surface of the furnace 4. The size of the long diameter part of the cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 toward the outlet part from the connection part 10a of the said fluid conveyance flow path 10, and is made into rectangular shape, ellipse shape, or substantially ellipse shape which has a diameter part and a short diameter part. Flow of fluid 11 The burner was gradually expanded along the direction.

In the invention according to claim 2, the size of the long diameter portion of the cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10 toward the outlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is It is a burner of Claim 1 which expands along the flow direction of the fluid 11, and has the structure which the magnitude | size of a short diameter part is immutable.

According to the invention of claim 3, the size of the long diameter portion of the cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10 toward the outlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is It is a burner according to claim 1 having a configuration in which the diameter of the short diameter portion is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the fluid 11, gradually expanding along the flow direction of the fluid 11.

The invention according to claim 4 is any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 has a fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 for dividing the flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 into a plurality thereof. It is a burner of description.

According to the invention of claim 5, the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 passes through a line extending in the furnace 4 through a central axis in the flow direction of the fluid 11 in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, and the nozzle The burner of Claim 4 arrange | positioned at several different inclination angle with respect to the plane parallel to the shortest diameter of the short diameter part of (12).

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 has a fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21 forcibly changing the ejection flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11 inside its outlet. It is a burner of any one of 1-5.

In the invention according to claim 7, the fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21 passes through a line extending from the furnace 4 to the central axis of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 so that the length of the nozzle 12 is increased. It is the burner of Claim 6 arrange | positioned in several mutually different directions with respect to the plane parallel to the longest diameter of a diameter part.

According to the invention of claim 8, the fuel containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21 is a line shape in which the central axis of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 extends in the furnace 4 with respect to a part of the fuel containing fluid 11. Passed through, it is arrange | positioned in parallel with the plane parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter part of the said nozzle 12, For the other fuel containing fluid 11, the central axis of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is the furnace 4 The burner of Claim 6 arrange | positioned through the linear line extended in the inside, and having an inclination angle with respect to the plane parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter part of the said nozzle 12 is provided.

In the invention described in claim 9, the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is partitioned into a plurality of flow paths by the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19, and a central axis of each of the flow paths is formed by the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. Claim 4 which is provided in the wall surface of the furnace 4 at the inclination angle with respect to the plane parallel to the longest diameter of the elongate diameter part of the exit of the said nozzle 12 through the linear line extended in the furnace 4, It is a burner.

Invention of Claim 10 is the invention of any one of Claims 1-9 which provided the fuel containing fluid partition plate 22 which can divide the said exit part in multiple at the exit part of the said fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12. It is a burner.

Invention of Claim 11 is the burner of any one of Claims 1-10 which provided the cross-section L-shaped prosthesis 17 in the exit part of the said fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12.

Invention of Claim 12 is the burner of Claim 11 which provided the guide plate 17a which changes the ejection direction of the combustion air around the said injector 17 to the outer side in the front-end | tip of the said L-shaped injector 17. to be.

13. The invention according to claim 13 is a combustion for spreading the ejection direction of the combustion air outside the one or more combustion air supply nozzles 15 disposed in the outer peripheral portion of the nozzle 12 outward with respect to the fuel ejection direction. It is the burner of any one of Claims 1-12 which provided the air guide board 15a in the front-end | tip of the said fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12.

In the invention according to claim 14, in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, the condenser 23 is provided in which the condenser 23 is enlarged again after narrowing the flow path of the fuel-containing fluid 11 once. It is a burner of any one of Claims.

The invention according to claim 15 is any one of claims 1 to 14 provided with a fluid distribution plate 24 for equally distributing fuel in the nozzle 12 at an inlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. It is a burner of description.

The invention according to claim 16 further includes a fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (Nos. 41 and 44 for ejecting a liquid fuel or a gaseous fuel as an auxiliary fuel in the vicinity of the fluid 11 ejected from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. 12) It is a burner of any one of Claims 1-15 installed in the vicinity.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of stages are disposed in up and down directions on two furnace walls facing the burners of claims 1 to 16, respectively, and a plurality of burners provided at each stage are center portions of the width in the horizontal direction of the same furnace wall. It is a combustor arranged symmetrically in the wall area divided into two parts at.

Invention of Claim 18 arranges two or more stages in an up-down direction, respectively in two furnace walls facing the burners of Claims 1-16, and is adjacent to a horizontal burner among the some burners provided in each stage of the same furnace wall. Combustion apparatuses are burners of the same structure.

19. The invention according to the present invention is a boiler having a furnace wall configured by winding a water wall tube 25 in a direction inclined with respect to a spiral in a spiral shape, wherein the water wall tube 25 has a rectangular shape and an ellipse along the longitudinal direction of the water wall tube 25. It is a boiler which provides the opening part 26 of a shape or substantially ellipse shape in a furnace wall, and attaches the burner of any one of Claims 1-16 to the said opening part 26.

20. The invention described in the present invention is a boiler having a furnace wall constituted by a group of water wall tubes (25) extending in a vertical direction, wherein a rectangular shape, an ellipse shape, or an approximately elliptic shape is formed along the longitudinal direction of the water wall tube (25). The opening 26 is installed in the furnace wall, and the burner according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is attached to the opening 26.

[Effects of the Invention]

According to the invention of claim 1, even if the burner capacity is increased, it is possible to suppress the enlargement of the unignitioned region, so that the fuel-containing fluid 11 remains in the width direction even after the fuel-containing fluid 11 is introduced into the furnace 4. Since the cross-sectional area of the jet stream of the fuel-containing fluid 11 spreads and the flow rate decreases, it is effective to reduce the unignitioned distance in comparison with the prior art, and the fuel-containing fluid 11 is also in the furnace 4. Since it spreads, the combustion space can be utilized effectively, and the actual residence time in a furnace becomes long, and there exists an effect of reducing NOx density | concentration in combustion gas, and improving combustion efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 2, since the size of the short diameter portion is unchanged, it is effective for simplifying the structure. Moreover, since the upstream flow velocity of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 can be made high, it is effective also in preventing backfiring in the case of fuel which is easy to ignite.

According to the invention of claim 3, it is possible to suppress an increase in the flow rate of the fuel-containing fluid 11 from the fuel-containing fluid connection portion 10a toward the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, thereby minimizing pressure loss and fuel. Abrasion suppression of the component in the containing fluid supply nozzle 12 can be aimed at.

According to the invention of Claims 4 and 5, since the flow of the fuel containing fluid 11 is divided into a plurality by the fuel containing fluid guide plate 19 inside the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12, the fuel containing fluid connection part 10a From the fuel supply fluid supply nozzle 12 toward the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, the fuel-containing fluid 11 is uniformly supplied in the direction in which the nozzle 12 is expanded, thereby reducing NOx, improving combustion efficiency, suppressing flow rate increase, and pressure. The effect of minimizing the loss and suppressing the wear of the components is much better than the invention of claim 3.

According to invention of Claim 6, dispersion | distribution in the furnace 4 of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 is accelerated | stimulated, and it has the effect that the combustion in the downstream part of the furnace 4 is accelerated | stimulated.

According to the invention of claim 7, the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 passes through a line extending from the central axis of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 into the furnace 4 and is formed at the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the nozzle 12. Since they are arranged in directions opposite to each other with respect to parallel planes, the fuel-containing fluid 11 can be ejected into the furnace 4 by dividing into two or more groups, and the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 can be simplified with a simple structure. By grouping, the dispersion in the furnace 4 of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 is promoted, and the combustion in the downstream portion of the furnace 4 is promoted.

According to the invention of claim 8, the four fuel-containing fluid jets 20 formed by the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 and the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 are divided into two groups 20a and 20b, for example. For example, the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20a near the furnace side wall is made into a straight stream, and the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20b which is not near the furnace side wall is ejected in an inclined direction in the horizontal direction, so that the furnace backflow is caused by the dispersion of fuel. While maintaining the combustion acceleration in the part, there is an effect of suppressing the inflow of flame near the furnace side wall and preventing the attachment of ash.

According to the invention of claim 9, the fuel-containing fluid 11 can be ejected into the furnace 4 from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 at different inclination angles with respect to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction. Since the direction of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 can be changed without using a part in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 where the solid fuel collides directly, it is effective for suppressing wear of the part.

According to the invention of claim 10, the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 is divided by the fuel-containing fluid divider 22, and the surface area thereof is enlarged to increase the radiant heat in the furnace 4. The negative pressure region is formed on the downstream side of the fluid partition plate 22 so that the surrounding hot gas flows into the negative pressure region, contributing to premature ignition of the fuel, and the combustion in the reduction region near the burner is promoted, and the combustion gas It is effective in reducing NOx concentration and improving combustion efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 11, by providing the cross-section L-shaped insulator 17 at the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, a circulating swirl is formed in the wake of the insulator 17 so as to provide a high temperature. Since the combustion gas is pulled back to the vicinity of the base 17, it contributes to premature ignition of the fuel, thereby promoting combustion in the reduction region near the burner, and is effective for reducing the NOx concentration of the combustion gas and improving combustion efficiency. It works.

According to the invention of claim 12, the secondary air is spread outward by the secondary air guide plate 17a at the tip of the cross-section L-shaped inflator 17, and the circulating swirl in the wake of the inflator 17 is increased. The recycled amount of the hot combustion gas is increased, and the ignition to the fuel is further accelerated compared with the invention described in claim 11, so that combustion in the reduction region near the burner is promoted, and the NOx concentration of the combustion gas is improved and the combustion efficiency is improved. Acts effectively on

According to the invention of Claim 13, combustion is provided by providing the combustion air guide plate 15a which spreads the combustion air ejection direction of the combustion air supply nozzle 15 outward with respect to the fuel containing fluid ejection direction. The air spreads outward, and the reduction region at the center of the flame is enlarged, which effectively acts to reduce the NOx concentration of the combustion gas and to improve the combustion efficiency.

According to the invention described in claim 14, the fuel in the vicinity of the base 17 is concentrated by the concentrator 23, which contributes to premature ignition of the fuel, and the combustion in the reduction region near the burner is promoted, It is effective in reducing NOx concentration and improving combustion efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 15, the fluid distribution plate 24 makes the fuel concentration at the inlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 uniform, and flows into each flow path partitioned by the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19. It is effective in reducing NOx and improving combustion efficiency by suppressing unbalance of fuel concentration.

According to the invention described in claim 16, since the liquid fuel or the gaseous fuel is ejected to the burner outlet, the ignition of the fuel-containing fluid 11 including the solid fuel can be reliably performed.

According to invention of Claim 17, the burner of Claim 1 thru | or 16 is arrange | positioned in the up-down direction, respectively, in the up and down direction to the furnace wall of the furnace 4 of an opposite combustion system, and the several burners of each stage are the same furnace walls. By symmetrically arranging in the wall surface area divided into two at the center part of the width of the horizontal direction, the direction of the fluid jet flow 20a, 20b can be arrange | positioned symmetrically on one furnace wall surface, and the furnace 4 The right and left balance of the flow and combustion state in the inside can be maintained well.

According to the invention of Claim 18, the burner of Claims 1-16 is arrange | positioned in the up-down direction, and is provided in each stage of the same furnace wall on the two facing furnace walls of the furnace 4 of an opposite combustion system, respectively. Adjacent burners in the horizontal direction among the plurality of burners are burners having the same structure, and particularly, in the furnace 4 having a small volume, avoiding collision of the fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b, thereby causing localization of the fuel. It is possible to suppress the concentration and to reduce the NOx concentration in the combustion gas and to improve the combustion efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 19, the spiral wall wall wall necessary for forming the opening portion 26 is disposed by arranging the longitudinal direction of the water wall tube 25 and the longitudinal direction of the long diameter portion of the opening portion 26. It is economical since the number of (25) can be reduced and the boiler which reduced the process and bend of the water wall tube (25) can be constructed. It is possible to minimize the number of spiral water wall tubes 25 necessary for forming the openings 26, thereby improving economic efficiency. In addition, since the fuel-containing fluid 11 spreads in the horizontal (width) direction of the furnace 4, the distribution of the fuel-containing fluid 11 is uniform in the furnace horizontal (width) direction, and the actual in-house residence time is longer. It has the effect of reducing the NOx concentration in the combustion gas and improving the combustion efficiency.

According to the invention of Claim 20, since the opening part 26 of a rectangular shape is provided in the furnace wall along the arrangement of the water wall tube 25 in a vertical direction, the longitudinal direction and the opening part 26 of the water wall tube 25 are provided. By arranging the longitudinal direction of the elongated diameter portion in the ()), it is possible to construct a boiler in which the processing and the bend of the water wall tube 25 are reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing of the ignition region of the burner outlet of this invention and a prior art.

2 is an explanatory view of an unignitioned area of the burner outlet of the present invention and the prior art.

Fig. 3 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 3 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 3 Fig. 3B is a sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 3A, and Fig. 3C shows a front view of the outlet of the burner as viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 4 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the invention (Fig. 4 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 4 (b). 4A is a cross sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4A, and FIG. 4C shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 5 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 5 (a) shows a sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 5 (b) Fig. 5 (a) shows a cross sectional view of Fig. 5 (a), and Fig. 5 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 6 shows an example of the structure of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 6 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 6 (b). Fig. 6 (a) shows a cross sectional view of Fig. 6 (a), and Fig. 6 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 7 shows an example of the structure of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 7 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 7 ( b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 7 (a) and FIG. 7 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

Fig. 8 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 8 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 8 FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 8 (a), and FIG. 8 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 8 (a).

Fig. 9 shows an example of the structure of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 9 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 9 ( Fig. 9B is a perspective view of the burner, Fig. 9C shows a cross sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 9A, and Fig. 9D shows a cross sectional view taken along line AA of Fig. 9A.

Fig. 10 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 10 (a) is a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the linear outlet portion extending through the central axis of the burner and extending toward the furnace) Fig. 10 (b) shows a cross sectional view along line AA in Fig. 10 (a), and Fig. 10 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner as viewed from the furnace side.

FIG. 11: shows explanatory drawing of the effect by the invention as described in FIG.

Fig. 12 shows a structural example of the burner according to the embodiment shown in Fig. 10 (Fig. 12 (a) is parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the linear outlet portion extending through the central axis of the burner and extending toward the furnace. Fig. 12 (b) shows a cross sectional view taken along the line AA in Fig. 12 (a), and Fig. 12 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 13 shows an example of the structure of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 13 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 13 (b). Fig. 13 (a) shows a cross sectional view taken along line AA, and Fig. 13 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 14 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 14 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 14 ( Fig. 14 (a) shows a cross sectional view along line AA, and Fig. 14 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 15 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 15 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 15 ( Fig. 15 (a) shows a cross sectional view along line AA, and Fig. 15 (c) shows a front view of the outlet of the burner as viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 16 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 16 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 16 (b) 16A is a cross sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 16A, and FIG. 16C shows a front view of the outlet of the burner viewed from the furnace side.

Fig. 17 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the invention (Fig. 17 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet section through the central axis of the burner, Fig. 17 (b) Fig. 17A is a cross sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 17A, and Fig. 17C shows a front view of the outlet portion of the burner viewed from the furnace 4 side.

Fig. 18 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 18 (a) is a cross-sectional view parallel to the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle surface formed through the long side of the outlet section (Fig. 18 (b)). Fig. 18B is a cross sectional view taken along the line AA of Fig. 18A, and Fig. 18C is a front view from the furnace side.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which an oil supply nozzle is provided at the center of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle.

20 shows an example in which a gas supply nozzle is provided around the insulator.

Fig. 21 shows a front view (Fig. 21 (a)) and a plan view (Fig. 21 (b)) of a fuel containing fluid supply nozzle.

Fig. 22 shows a front view (Fig. 22 (a)) and a plan view (Fig. 22 (b)) of a fuel containing fluid supply nozzle for another configuration.

FIG. 23 shows an example in which many of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzles shown in FIG. 21 are arranged in three rows in the vertical direction and four rows in the horizontal direction on one furnace wall surface.

FIG. 24 shows an example in which a plurality of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzles shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 are arranged in three rows in the vertical direction and four rows in the horizontal direction on one furnace wall surface.

FIG. 25 shows another embodiment in which a plurality of fuel-containing fluid supply nozzles shown in FIG. 21 are arranged in three rows in the vertical direction and four rows in the horizontal direction on one furnace wall surface.

Figure 26 shows a plan view of the furnace wall of a boiler with a burner of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 27 shows a plan view of the furnace wall of the boiler with the burner of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 28 shows an example of a burner for solid fuel according to the prior art (Fig. 28 (a) is a side sectional view of the burner and Fig. 28 (b) is a front view of the burner viewed from the furnace).

FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a direction along a jet flow of fuel-containing fluid of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle of the burner of the prior art in FIG. 29 (a), and the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle in FIG. The front view seen from the side is shown.

30 schematically illustrates the behavior of flame propagation in a furnace in the cross-sectional direction along a jet flow of fuel containing fluid of a fuel containing fluid supply nozzle of a burner of the prior art.

[Description of the code]

3: windbox

4: brazier

10: fuel-containing fluid flow path

10a: fuel containing fluid connection

11: fuel containing fluid

12: fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle

13: secondary air

14: tertiary air

15: air sleeve for combustion

15a: 3rd air guide

16: burner throat

17: flame base

17a: secondary air guide plate

19: fuel containing fluid guide plate

20,20a, 20b, 20c, 20d: fuel containing fluid jet

21a, 21b: a guide plate for changing the direction of the fuel-containing fluid

22: fuel containing fluid divider

22a: negative pressure area

23,23 ': Thickener

24: fluid distribution plate

25: water pipe

26 opening

31: unignitioned area

32: ignition zone

33: ignition position

41: oil supply nozzle

42: gas introduction pipe

43: horizontal tube

44: gas supply nozzle

L1: Unignitioned Distance

L2: distance from the ignition position to the center of the mixed fluid jet stream

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, the basic concept of the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 shows the ignition position 33 in the furnace 4 when the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner according to the present embodiment shown in Figs. 1A and 1B is used. It shows in comparison with the prior art shown in FIG.1 (c), FIG.1 (d). 1 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in the jet flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11 of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner of the present embodiment, and FIG. The front view which looked at the exit part of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of a burner from the furnace 4 side is shown, and FIG. 1 (c) ejects the fuel containing fluid of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner of a prior art. The cross-sectional view of a flow direction is shown, and the front view which looked at the exit part of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner of a prior art from the furnace 4 side is shown to FIG.1 (d).

As shown in Fig. 1 (d), in the prior art, a ring-shaped ignition position 33 is formed around a cross-sectional circular jet of the fuel-containing fluid 11 ejected from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner. exist. On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the ignition position (around the circumferential rectangular jet flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 ejected from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner) 33) exists.

In the present embodiment, the outlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner is formed into a rectangular shape and the length of the short side is reduced to the center of the jet flow in the furnace 4 of the fuel-containing fluid 11. The distance L2 (FIG. 1 (b)) from the ignition position 33 in the direction orthogonal to the cross-sectional rectangular jet stream of the fuel-containing fluid 11 of FIG. Compared with the distance L2 '(FIG. 1 (d)) from the ignition position 33 of the direction orthogonal to the cross-sectional circular jet stream of the fuel containing fluid 11 to the far, it reduces significantly.

2 shows the distance from which the flame propagates from the ignition position 33 in the jet flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11 from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 in this embodiment to the center of the fuel jet stream ( Fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner showing that the unignitioned distance L1 (Fig. 2 (a)) is reduced compared to the prior art unignitioned distance L1 '(Fig. 2 (b)). Each section is. In this embodiment, the distance L2 from the ignition position 33 in the direction orthogonal to the cross-sectional rectangular jet flow of the fuel containing fluid 11 to the jet stream center of the fuel containing fluid 11 is the distance L2 of the prior art. As has been reduced in comparison with '), the unignitioned distance L1 is greatly reduced compared to the non-ignitioned distance L1' of the prior art.

3 shows an example of the structure of a burner of an embodiment of the present invention. (A) shows sectional drawing (BB line sectional drawing of FIG. 3 (b)) of a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongate diameter part of an exit part through the central axis of a burner, and FIG. AA line cross-sectional view is shown, and FIG.3 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

The cylindrical fuel-containing fluid flow path 10 is connected to the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 having a rectangular cross section through a cross-sectional circular connection 10a, and has a rectangular cross section in the furnace 4 from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. The configuration is sufficient to form a jet of a shape. Even after the fuel-containing fluid 11 is introduced into the furnace 4, the fuel-containing fluid 11 spreads along the ejection flow direction, and the cross-sectional area of the ejection flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 is enlarged so that the flow velocity is lowered. It effectively acts to further reduce the unignited distance L1 shown. In addition, since the fuel-containing fluid 11 spreads in the furnace 4, the combustion space can be effectively utilized, and the actual residence time in the furnace is extended, which is effective for reducing the NOx concentration in the combustion gas and improving combustion efficiency. It works. A combustion air sleeve 15 having a rectangular cross section and a burner throat 16 having a rectangular cross section are arranged around the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12.

4 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 (a) shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 4 (b)) in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 4 (b) in Fig. 4 (b). AA sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.4 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

The burner shown in FIG. 4 has elliptical cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the jet flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 of a burner, The other structure is the same as the burner shown in FIG.

As the cross-sectional shape of the vertical direction of the burner (the direction orthogonal to the jet flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11), a representative shape of a rectangular shape in FIG. 3 and an elliptic shape is shown in FIG. 4, but the short side of the rectangle is an arc shape. Even if a similar shape such as a wide rhombus shape is employed, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

Fig. 5 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) shows sectional drawing (BB line sectional drawing of FIG. 5 (b)) of the direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongate diameter part of an exit part through the central axis of a burner, and FIG. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.5 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

In the burner shown in FIG. 5, the diameter of the long diameter portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 toward the outlet portion from the fuel-containing fluid connection portion 10a gradually increases along the flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11, but the short diameter The size of the portion is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11, and the rest of the configuration is the same as that of the burner shown in FIG.

The characteristic of the burner structure shown in FIG. 5 can suppress an increase in the flow rate of the fuel-containing fluid 11 from the fuel-containing fluid connecting portion 10a toward the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, thereby reducing the pressure loss. Minimization and suppression of wear of components in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 are achieved.

6 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. (A) shows sectional drawing (BB line sectional drawing of FIG. 6 (b)) of the direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongate diameter part of an exit part through the central axis of a burner, and FIG. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.6 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

The burner shown in FIG. 6 contains fuel so that the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is equally supplied to the direction in which the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 expands along a jet flow direction. The fluid guide plate 19 is arrange | positioned, The other structure is the same as the burner shown in FIG. In this example, three fuel-containing fluid guide plates 19 are provided, and the fuel-containing fluid 11 also expands and unfolds in accordance with the expansion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, so that the center guide plate 19 is On the central axis, the guide plates 19 on both sides sandwiching this are arranged at angles α and β with respect to the vertical cross section passing through the central axis.

Since the flow of the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 by the fuel containing fluid guide plate 19 is divided into several, the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 from the fuel containing fluid connection part 10a. As the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 extends toward the outlet of the fuel containing fluid 11, the fuel containing fluid 11 is equally enlarged and can be burned without unbalance. In addition, by expanding the fuel-containing fluid 11 in the same manner, the effect of suppressing the local increase in the flow velocity, minimizing the pressure loss, and suppressing the wear of the components is much better than the configuration shown in FIG. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in the direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 7 (b) shows the cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 7 (a). c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

As for the burner shown in FIG. 7, the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 like the burner shown in FIG. 6 has the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 extended along a flow direction. The fuel containing fluid guide plate 19 is arrange | positioned so that it may supply evenly to a direction, and it passes through the central axis of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12, and is parallel to the longest diameter part of the long diameter part of the linear exit part extended toward the furnace 4 About one plane, the fuel containing fluid direction change guide plate 21a which changes the flow of the fluid 11 downward in the AA line cross section of FIG. 7 (a) is a fluid in the BB cross section of FIG. 7 (a). A fuel containing fluid direction change guide plate 21b for changing the flow of 11 upward is provided at the burner outlet. The four fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20 (20a, 20b) formed by the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 and the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 are guided by the fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plates 21a, 21b. , The fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20a in the downwardly inclined direction and the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20b in the upwardly inclined direction are formed. By the burner structure shown in FIG. 7, the dispersion | distribution in the furnace 4 of the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20 is accelerated | stimulated, and it has the effect that the combustion in the downstream part of the furnace 4 is accelerated | stimulated.

8 shows an example of the structure of a burner of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in the direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 8 (b) shows the cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 8 (a). c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

As for the burner shown in FIG. 8, the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 like the burner shown in FIG. 7 has the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 extended along a flow direction. The fuel containing fluid guide plate 19 is arrange | positioned so that it may supply evenly to a direction, and it passes through the central axis of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12, and is parallel to the longest diameter part of the long diameter part of the linear exit part extended toward the furnace 4 In one cross section, a fuel containing fluid direction change guide plate 21a is provided in the AA line cross section to rectify and straighten the flow direction of the fluid 11, and the cross section of the fluid 11 in the BB cross section. A fuel containing fluid direction change guide plate 21b for changing the flow upward is provided. The four fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a, 20b formed of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 and the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 are installed by the fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plates 21a, 21b. The fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20a is a straight direction, and the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20b is an upward jet stream.

The same fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b are formed even when only the guide plate 21b for changing the direction is provided without providing the fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21a for rectifying and going straight.

By the burner structure shown in FIG. 8, for example, the fuel-containing fluid jet stream near the water wall on the side wall side of the furnace 4 is a straight stream, and the water wall on the side wall side of the furnace 4 is close to, for example. The non-fuel-containing fluid jet stream in an inclined direction with respect to the center of the furnace, thereby promoting the dispersion in the furnace 4 of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 to burn in the downstream section of the furnace 4. Maintains the effect that is promoted and, on the other hand, suppresses the inflow of flame into the vicinity of the side wall of the furnace 4, thereby preventing the adhesion of ash.

9 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 (a) shows a cross-sectional view in the direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the exit section through the central axis of the burner, and shows a perspective view of the burner in Fig. 9 (b) and Fig. 9 (c). A cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 9 (a), and a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 9 (a) in FIG. 9 (d).

The burner shown in FIG. 9 is a direction in which the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 expands along the flow direction of the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 like the burner shown in FIG. The fuel containing fluid guide plate 19 is arrange | positioned so that it may supply evenly. The shape of the front face of the inlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is a parallelogram, one side 12a of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 faces obliquely downward along the flow direction, and the other side 12b. ) Is disposed obliquely upward along the flow direction to reach the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12.

By this structure, in the part near the side surface 12a of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12, as shown in FIG.9 (d), the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20a which is diagonally downward is formed, and the side surface ( At a portion close to 12b), as shown in Fig. 9 (c), the fuel-containing fluid jetting stream 20d is formed obliquely upward. From the center two flow paths in which the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is partitioned by the fuel containing fluid guide plate 19, the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20b which has a jet direction between the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20a and a center line is provided. ) And a fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20c having a jet direction in the middle between the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20d and the center line.

The effect of the burner configuration of FIG. 9 is the same as that of the burner shown in FIG. 7, but the guide plate 21 is not used because the fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21 is not used to change the ejection direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11. ) Does not cause the problem of wear.

10 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 (a) shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 10 (b)) in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 10 (b) in Fig. 10 (b). AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.10 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

At the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid nozzle 12, a fuel-containing fluid divider 22 is provided that partially shields the flow at right angles to the flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11. The fuel containing fluid jet stream 20 is divided into four by the fuel containing fluid partition plate 22 as shown in FIG. By the division, the surface area of the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 is enlarged to increase radiant heat in the furnace 4, and a negative pressure region 22a is formed on the downstream side of the fuel-containing fluid split plate 22. As shown by the arrows in the figure, the surrounding hot gas flows into the negative pressure region. Increasing radiant heat and inflow of hot gas into the negative pressure region together contribute to premature ignition of the fuel, which promotes combustion in the reduction region near the burner, and is effective for reducing the NOx concentration of the combustion gas and improving combustion efficiency. It works.

12 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 12 (a) shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 12 (b)) in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongated diameter portion of the outlet portion through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 12 (b) in Fig. 12 (b). AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.12 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

As the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid nozzle 12, the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 is provided with a fuel-containing fluid divider 22 which partially shields the flow perpendicular to the flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11. have. By the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19, since the fuel-containing fluid 11 is uniformly supplied in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, reduction of NOx and improvement of combustion efficiency are realized more effectively.

Fig. 13 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13A shows a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 13B) through a burner's central axis and parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion, and Fig. 13B in Fig. 13B. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.13 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

A cross-section L-shaped insulator 17 is provided at the outlet of the fuel-containing fluid nozzle 12. A circulating whirlpool (not shown) is formed in the wake of the flame base 17 to return the high-temperature combustion gas to the vicinity of the flame base 17, thereby contributing to premature ignition of the fuel, and thus, in the reduction zone near the burner. Combustion is accelerated and it is effective in reducing the NOx concentration of combustion gas and improving combustion efficiency.

14 shows an example of the structure of a burner of an embodiment of the present invention. (A) shows sectional drawing (BB line sectional drawing of FIG. 14 (b)) of a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongate diameter part of an exit part through the central axis of a burner, and FIG. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.14 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

A secondary air guide plate 17a is provided at the tip of the cross-section L-shaped insulator 17 shown in FIG. 14 to spread out the secondary air blowing direction outward. As the secondary air is spread outward by the guide plate 17a, the circulating vortex (not shown) of the downstream of the flame retarder 17 increases, and the recycle amount of the hot combustion gas increases, and the ignition to the fuel is further increased. In advance, combustion is promoted in the reduction region near the burner to effectively reduce the NOx concentration of the combustion gas and to improve the combustion efficiency.

15 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15A shows a cross-sectional view (cross section BB of Fig. 15B) in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the elongated diameter portion of the outlet portion through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 15B in Fig. 15B. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.15 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

In the burner shown in FIG. 15, the tertiary air guide plate 15a which spreads the blowing direction of tertiary air outward is provided in the front-end | tip of the secondary air sleeve 15. As shown in FIG. As the tertiary air spreads outward, the reduction region at the center of the flame is enlarged, which is effective for reducing the NOx concentration and improving the combustion efficiency.

16 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16A shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 16B) through a central axis of the burner and parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion, and Fig. 16 (B) shows that AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.16 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

The burner shown in FIG. 16 is a fuel containing fluid concentrator which combines the inside of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 with the shape of the triangular prism whose cross section becomes gradually wider from the upstream side, and the shape of the reverse triangular prism becomes narrow gradually in the downstream side. (23) is provided. The fuel-containing fluid concentrator 23 concentrates the fuel in the vicinity of the base 17, contributing to premature ignition of the fuel, and promoting combustion in the reduction region near the burner, thereby reducing the NOx concentration of the combustion gas and Effectively improves combustion efficiency.

17 shows a structural example of the burner of one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 17A shows a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Fig. 17B) passing through the central axis of the burner and parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion, and Fig. 17B is shown in Fig. 17B. AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG. 17 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

Inside the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, the upstream side has a triangular prism shape gradually wider in cross section, and the fuel-containing fluid concentrator 23 combines a triangular prism shape in the middle and a reverse triangular prism shape in which the downstream side gradually narrows. ') Is installed. In this structure, peeling is suppressed by making the angle change around the concentrator 23 'small, the enrichment effect of a fuel improves, the NOx reduction effect improves, and combustion efficiency improves.

16 and 17 show an example of an effective configuration of the concentrators 23 and 23 ', but the same effect can be obtained by using, for example, a concentrator having a structure similar to a triangular prism.

18 shows a structural example of a burner of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18A shows a cross-sectional view parallel to the plane of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 formed through the long side of the outlet portion of the nozzle 12 (cross section taken along line BB in FIG. 18B), and FIG. 18 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 18 (a), and FIG. 18 (c) shows a front view of the outlet portion of the burner viewed from the furnace 4 side.

18, a dam-shaped fluid distribution plate 24 is provided at the inlet of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. As shown in FIG. The fuel-containing fluid 11 once impinges on the upstream side of the dam-shaped fluid distribution plate 24 and is evenly dispersed in the long side direction of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12, and then the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 Is equally guided to the four flow paths partitioned by the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 in the column), and is supplied to the furnace 4 while maintaining an equal state.

19 shows an example in which an oil supply nozzle 41 is provided at the center of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. Fig. 19 (a) shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 19 (b)) in a direction parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion through the central axis of the burner, and Fig. 19 (b) in Fig. 19 (b). AA line sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.19 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

FIG. 20 shows an example in which a gas ejection part connected to the gas supply nozzle 44 is installed from the gas introduction pipe 42 via the horizontal pipe 43 to the periphery of the flame base 17.

Fig. 20 (a) shows a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line BB of Fig. 20 (b)) passing through the central axis of the burner and parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet portion, and Fig. 20 (b) shows that AA sectional drawing of a) is shown, and FIG.20 (c) shows the front view which looked at the exit part of the burner from the furnace 4 side.

The burner structure shown in FIG. 21 shows the long side of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 flowing in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner. The front view (FIG. 21 (a)) and the top view (FIG. 21 (b)) of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 seen from the furnace 4 side in the case of arrange | positioning up-down direction are shown.

From the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in FIG. 21 seen from the front side of the furnace 4, it is mutually horizontally right and left with respect to the plane orthogonal to a furnace wall surface in the upward direction and the downward direction of the long side of the said nozzle 12. Inclined to the opposite side of the direction, fuel containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b are formed. The formation of the present fuel containing fluid jet stream is accomplished by applying the burner structure of FIG. 7 or 9.

The burner structure shown in FIG. 22 shows the long side of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 whose cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the flow of the fuel containing fluid 11 which flows in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 of the burner is rectangular. The front view (FIG. 22 (a)) and the top view (FIG. 22 (b)) of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 seen from the furnace 4 side when arrange | positioning toward an up-down direction are shown.

From the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in FIG. 22 seen from the front side of the furnace 4, one side is horizontal with respect to the plane orthogonal to a furnace wall surface in the upward direction and the downward direction of the long side of the said nozzle 12. FIG. Inclined in the direction to form the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20b, and the other forms the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20c perpendicular to the furnace wall. The formation of the present fuel containing fluid jet stream is achieved by applying the burner structure of FIG.

FIG. 23 shows an example in which a plurality of fuel-containing fluid supply nozzles 12 shown in FIG. 21 are arranged on one furnace wall surface in three rows in the vertical direction and four rows in the horizontal direction. In the right half of one furnace wall, the nozzle 12 which forms jet stream 20a, 20b in the same direction as the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in FIG. 21 is arrange | positioned, The nozzle 12 which forms jet stream 20a, 20b is arrange | positioned in the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in 21, and mirror symmetric positions. By arranging the directions of the fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b symmetrically on one furnace wall surface, there is a characteristic that the left and right balance of the flow and combustion states in the furnace 4 can be maintained well.

On the other hand, if the jet flow 20a, 20b from the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 arrange | positioned by dividing into the left and right half of one furnace wall is formed in a mirror surface object position, the fuel containing fluid jet from the nozzle 12 will be ejected. The directions of the streams 20a and 20b need not be as shown.

In FIG. 24, although the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is arrange | positioned in three stages in the up-down direction, and 4 rows in the horizontal direction on one furnace wall surface, the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in FIG. An example in which the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 shown in FIG. 21 is arranged as the mirror surface object is disposed on this mirror surface object and the middle two rows are shown. A burner having a straight fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20c and an inclined fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20b is arranged near the water wall of the side wall of the furnace 4, and a fuel-containing fluid jet stream inclined to both sides near the center is arranged. By arranging 20a and 20b, the dispersion of the fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b in the furnace 4 is promoted to maintain the effect of promoting combustion in the downstream portion of the furnace 4, and There is an effect of suppressing the inflow of flame into the vicinity of the side wall of the furnace 4 to prevent the adhesion of ash.

In FIG. 25, the fuel containing fluid nozzle 12 which forms the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20a, 20b shown in FIG. 21 as the fuel containing fluid nozzle 12 of the whole burner of one furnace wall is arrange | positioned An example is shown. In the present embodiment, particularly in the small-volume furnace 4, by avoiding collision of the fuel-containing fluid jet streams 20a and 20b, local concentration of the fuel is suppressed to reduce the concentration of NOx in the combustion gas and It is an effective arrangement for improving combustion efficiency.

The burner structure of FIGS. 21-25 can be selected suitably according to the conditions of a furnace, the burner arrangement | positioning, etc., and it can implement | achieve the optimal combustion characteristic.

Fig. 26 shows a plan view of a furnace wall of a boiler in which a burner of one embodiment of the present invention is disposed. In Fig. 26, in the boiler having a spiral wall wall 25 in a furnace wall, a rectangular opening 26 is provided along the arrangement of the wall wall 25 inclined with respect to the horizontal. Various burners described in the above embodiments are attached. By providing the openings 26 along the spiral water wall tube 25, it is possible to minimize the number of the water wall tubes 25 necessary for forming the openings 26, thereby improving economic efficiency. .

As described above, the combustion apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention has the feature that the combustion space can be effectively utilized because the fuel-containing fluid jet stream 20 is spread in the furnace 4, By making it a structure, since the fuel containing fluid jet stream 20a, 20b spreads in the horizontal (width) direction of the furnace 4, distribution of the fuel containing fluid 11 is uniform in the furnace horizontal (width) direction, The substantial residence time in the furnace is longer, which is effective in reducing the NOx concentration in the combustion gas and improving combustion efficiency.

27 is a plan view of a furnace wall of a boiler in which a burner of one embodiment of the present invention is disposed.

In Fig. 27, in the boiler having the water wall tube 25 extending in the vertical direction on the furnace wall, a rectangular opening 26 is provided along the arrangement of the water wall tube 25. Example burner is attached. By providing the openings 26 along the water wall tube 25, it is possible to minimize the number of water wall tubes 25 necessary for forming the openings 26, thereby improving economic efficiency.

In this configuration, in order to promote the dispersion of the mixed fluid also in the furnace horizontal (width) direction, the directions of the fuel-containing fluid jets 20a and 20b are directed in different directions in the burners shown in FIGS. 7 to 9. By setting it as such, the dispersion | distribution of the whole fuel containing fluid 11 in the furnace 4 is accelerated | stimulated, and it acts effectively for NOx reduction and combustion efficiency improvement.

Generally, oil and gas are used as the auxiliary fuel in the burner, but even if the supply nozzles for these fuels are provided in a part of the burner of the embodiment of the present invention, the features and effects of the burner of the embodiment of the present invention are maintained.

It is possible to use industrially in the future as a burner structure that can cope without lowering combustion performance while aiming at cost reduction in the tendency of burner capacity increase.

Claims (20)

The fluid (from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying flow path 10 for conveying the fuel-containing fluid 11 containing the solid fuel and the medium for conveying the solid fuel toward the outlet portion provided on the wall surface of the furnace 4) In the burner which has the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 which supplies 11), and the air supply nozzle 15 which supplies one or more combustion air to the outer periphery of the said fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12, The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 has a long diameter portion having a cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 toward the outlet portion provided on the wall surface of the furnace 4 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10. the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying flow path 10 toward the outlet portion, and having a rectangular shape, an ellipse shape or an approximately elliptic shape having a major axis part and a minor axis part. The long diameter part of the cross section orthogonal to the burner characterized by gradually expanding along the flow direction of the fluid (11). The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is a fluid having a long diameter portion of a cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10 toward the outlet portion. The burner characterized by gradually expanding along the flow direction of (11) and having a configuration in which the size of the short diameter portion is unchanged. The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is a fluid having a long diameter portion of a cross section orthogonal to the flow of the fluid 11 from the connecting portion 10a of the fluid conveying passage 10 toward the outlet portion. A burner, characterized in that it gradually expands along the flow direction of (11), and has a configuration in which the size of the short diameter portion is gradually reduced along the flow direction of the fluid (11). The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 has a fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19 for dividing the flow of the fuel-containing fluid 11 into a plurality thereof. Burner characterized in that. 5. The nozzle (12) according to claim 4, wherein the fuel-containing fluid guide plate (19) passes through a line extending through the central axis of the flow direction of the fluid (11) in the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) into the furnace (4). And a plurality of different inclination angles with respect to a plane parallel to the shortest diameter of the short diameter portion of the burner. The fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 forcibly changes the flow direction of the fuel-containing fluid 11 inside the outlet. The burner which has 21. The guide plate 21 for changing the fuel-containing fluid direction according to claim 6, wherein the guide plate 21 for extending the direction of the fuel-containing fluid passes through a line extending from the central axis of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 into the furnace 4, A burner characterized by being disposed in a plurality of different directions with respect to a plane parallel to the longest diameter. The fuel-containing fluid direction changing guide plate 21 passes through a line extending from the center axis of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 into the furnace 4 with respect to a part of the fuel-containing fluid 11. It is arranged in parallel to the plane parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the nozzle 12, and for the other fuel containing fluid 11, the central axis of the fuel containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is extended into the furnace 4. A burner, characterized in that it is arranged to have an inclination angle with respect to a plane parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the nozzle (12) passing through the line. The fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is partitioned into a plurality of flow paths by the fuel-containing fluid guide plate 19, and a central axis of each of the flow paths is formed by the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. A burner characterized by being installed on the wall of the furnace 4 at different inclination angles with respect to a plane extending from the central axis to the furnace 4 and parallel to the longest diameter of the long diameter portion of the outlet of the nozzle 12; . 10. The fuel-containing fluid divider plate 22 according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a plurality of fuel-containing fluid dividers 22 capable of dividing the outlet portion are provided in an outlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. burner. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a cross-section L-shaped insulator (17) is provided at an outlet of said fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12). 12. The burner according to claim 11, wherein a guide plate (17a) is provided at the tip of said L-shaped insulator (17) for changing the outward direction of combustion air around said insulator (17) outward. 13. The combustion air supply nozzle (15) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least a tip of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12) is disposed at an outer circumference of the nozzle (12). A burner characterized by providing a combustion air guide plate (15a) for spreading outward combustion air ejection directions outward with respect to the fuel ejection direction. The condenser 23 according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the condenser 23 for narrowing the flow path of the fuel-containing fluid 11 once inside the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is expanded again. Burner characterized by the installation. The fluid distribution plate 24 according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein an inlet portion of the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12 is provided with a fluid distribution plate 24 for evenly distributing fuel in the nozzle 12. Burner characterized in that. The nozzles 41 and 44 according to any one of claims 1 to 15, for ejecting liquid fuel or gaseous fuel, which is an auxiliary fuel, in the vicinity of the fluid 11 ejected from the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle 12. ) Is installed near the fuel-containing fluid supply nozzle (12). The wall surface which divided | segmented two stages in the up-down direction, respectively in the two furnace walls which face the burners of Claims 1-16, and is installed in each stage is divided into two at the center part of the horizontal width of the same furnace wall. Combustor, characterized in that arranged in each area symmetrically. A plurality of stages are arranged in two up and down directions respectively on two furnace walls facing the burners of Claims 1-16, and adjacent burners of a horizontal direction are among the several burners provided in each stage of the same furnace wall, Combustion apparatus characterized by the burner. In a boiler having a furnace wall constituted by winding water wall tubes (25) in a spiral shape with respect to a horizontal direction, A rectangular, elliptical or substantially elliptical opening 26 is provided in the furnace wall along the longitudinal direction of the water wall tube 25, and the burner according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is connected to the opening ( 26) boiler. In the boiler provided with the furnace wall comprised from the group of the water wall pipes 25 extended in a perpendicular direction, A rectangular, elliptical or substantially elliptical opening 26 is provided in the furnace wall along the longitudinal direction of the water wall tube 25, and the burner according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is connected to the opening ( 26) boiler.

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