KR20060110655A - Chemical compound having acaricidal activity - Google Patents

Abstract

Chemical compounds having acaricidal activity are provided to inhibit growth of Pyroglyphids including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae Trouessart and Tyrophagus putrescentiae, and improve acaricidal activity and use safety. The acaricidal agent comprises caprylaldehyde represented by the formula(1), 1-naphtaldehydr represented by the formula(2), 2-naphtaldehyde represented by the formula(3), 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone represented by the formula(4), naphthalene represented by the formula(5) and phthalaldehyde represented by the formula(6), wherein the acaricidal agent is formulated as liquid, emulsion, ointment, smoking generator, fumigant, particles and solid.

Description

Compound which shows acaricide {CHEMICAL COMPOUND HAVING ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY}

The present invention relates to a composition for the acaricidal compound, and more particularly to an acaricidal compound having excellent acaricide activity in both house dust mite and stored food mite.

The most important species belonging to the family of pyroglyphids are the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Hughus and the Dermatophagoides farinae Trouessart. Both species show a global distribution of habitats and are the major allergens frequently observed in household dust (Anonymous, 1989, 83,416-427; Anonymous, 1992, Report of a second International Workshop.Journal of Allergy Clinincal Immunology 89 : 1046). -1060), especially if these populations thrive in families with asthmatics or the elderly, can make the disease worse.

Stored Food Mite ( Tyrophagus) putrescentiae ) are known as storage cereal pests found in food storage or barns, grain storage or mobile stations, and hay and grain flour. In addition, as a third dominant species among house dust mites in Korean houses, not only diseases caused by eating food contaminated with ticks, ie severe enteritis or anaphylaxis (Hughes, AM 1976. Technical Bulletin of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food 9 : 1-400), the subject of the study is more likely to act as a causative antigen causing various allergic diseases such as asthma and rhinitis, conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis (Woodcock, AA and Cunnington, AM 1980. The allergenic importance of house dust and storage mites in asthmatics in Brunnei, SEAsia. Clin Allergy , 10 : 609).

In recent years, the number of apartments adopting central heating method is increasing, various types of auxiliary heating systems are being developed and used, and the living conditions are changing, such as the increase of carpet usage in homes and offices. Was given. This allows house dust mites to grow rapidly and survive under four seasons (Susan MP and Ward GW Jr, 1987, Immunol.Allergy North Amer 7, 447-461; Pollart SM, Ward GW Jr and Platts-Mills AE , 1989, Immunol.Allergy Clinics of North America 7 : 447-461).

In order to reduce the population of dust mites, to date, mainly fume-based methods using methyylene bromide, which do not cause food deterioration, are mainly used for physical control such as thorough cleanliness, drying and control of relative humidity in the air and control of stored food mites. Depends.

Currently, the compounds for chemical control of house dust mite and stored food mites include γ-BHC, pyrimiphos-methyl, benzyl benzoate, diethyl-meth-tololeamide (diethyl). -m-toluamide (DEET) and dibutyl phthalate are used (Heller-Haupt A. and Busvine JR, 1974, Journal of Medical Entomology 11 : 551-558).

Among them, pirimiphos-methyl has been used as a means of suppressing stored food mites due to its low mammalian toxicity. Mitchell et al. Reported that pyrimifos methyl could control 60% of ticks in carpets and 50% of ticks in chairs (Mitchell, EB, Wilkins, S., McCallum Deighton, J. and Platts-). Mills, TAE 1985. Reduction of house dust mite allergen levels in the home: use of the acaricide, pirimiphos methyl Clin Allergy 15:.. 234-240).

Despite the various control methods for controlling the house dust mite and stored food mite, the difficulty of physical control method and low fertilization of natural product control agent in each country to find strong and safe compounds with new functionality among known compounds Research is being actively conducted (Pollart SM, Ward GW Jr and Platts-Mills AE, 1987, Immunol Allergy Clinics of North America 7 : 447- 461).

In this respect, it may be best to identify new functions as house dust mite and preserved food mite control of known compounds. Because the existing compounds exist in a variety of bioactive materials, most of these compounds have been proven to be stable and easy to biodegradable, can not only selectively kill the specific purpose filling, but also house dust mites and This is because it can be used as a comprehensive control agent for stored food mites (Namba T., 1993, Hoikusha, Osaka, Japan). Therefore, many research efforts have been carried out as commercial house dust mites and stored food mite control agents or their lead compounds. The focus is on identifying new functions of existing known compounds.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an acaricide comprising a compound having acaricide property against house dust mites and stored food mites.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is caprylaldehyde (Caprylaldehyde), 1-naphthaldehyde (1-Naphtaldehyde), 2-naphthaldehyde (2-Naphtaldehyde), 5,8-dihydroxy-1, Provided are acaricides comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 4-naphthoquinone (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), naphthalene, and phthalaldehyde.

Preferably, the acaricides have an acaricide effect against house dust mites and stored food mites.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present inventors screened compounds showing acaricidal property against both house dust mites and stored food mites among the existing compounds, and confirmed the killing effect at this time.

The compound is caprylaldehyde of Formula 1, 1-naphthaldehyde of Formula 2, 2-naphthaldehyde of Formula 3, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone of Formula 4, Formula 5 Naphthalene and phthalaldehyde of the formula (6).

Compounds represented by Formulas 1 to 6 are house dust mite and stored food mite ( Tyrophagus) putrescentiae ) has an acaricidal effect, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds of the formula (1). At this time, the house dust mite (American house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae ) and vertical house dust mite (European house dust mite, Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus ).

In particular, house dust mites and stored food mites have different physiological functions and mechanisms, and as acaricides for controlling house dust mites such as large-legged dust mites and vertically-patterned dust mites, which are currently developed, they cannot control stored food mites. For the preparation of acaricides with different materials for the preparation. However, the compounds of Formulas 1 to 6 have an acaricidal effect on house dust mites, in particular caprylaldehyde of formula (1), naphthalene of formula (5), and phthalaldehyde of formula (6) also exhibit excellent acaricide effects on stored food mites.

According to a preferred embodiment, using the compound represented by the formula 1 to 6 as a result of examining the acaricide effect on the large leg dust mites, vertical pattern dust mites and stored food mites (see Tables 1 to 2), the three types In addition to showing the acaricidal effect on all the ticks of the showed excellent activity compared to the existing synthetic acaricides benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate.

In particular, compounds except 1-naphthaldehyde of formula (2), 2-naphthaldehyde of formula (3) and 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone of formula (4) have a very effective fertilizing effect on the stored food tick Confirmed to have.

The acaricide according to the present invention is applied to a place where mites, dust mites and stored food mites inhabit, including 0.01 to 40% by weight of the compound represented by Formulas 1 to 6 alone or in a mixture.

At this time, the content of the compound used in the acaricide may be applied differently depending on the formulation of the pesticide, the spraying method, the concentration of the active ingredient in the acaricide is used to control the dust mites and stored food mites, and at this time The concentration depends on the form of the preparation and the method of application.

The acaricide of the present invention is used where a mite is inhabited, and the use method is preferably a coating treatment, dipping treatment, fumigation treatment, or the like, and more preferably, a volatile poison or a contact poison is used to kill the tick. Preferably it is used as a volatile poison or a fumigated poison. Moreover, the acaricide may be used for the control of pests other than mites, and the application amount may be used in an amount to apply a conventional pesticide.

Acaricides according to the invention can be prepared and applied in various forms, can be prepared in the form of solutions, emulsions, coatings or granules by dissolving or dispersing in one or more solvents for the application and dipping treatment, optionally for fumigation treatment Surfactants are used in combination with extenders such as liquid solvents, pressurized liquefied gases and / or solid carriers and are preferably used in the form of smokers, fumigants, coatings, granules and solids.

In addition to the above compounds, solvents and additives conventionally used in the art can be used to prepare these various forms of preparations. For example, ethanol or water, which is harmless to the human body, may be prepared in a liquid form using a dispersion, and may be prepared in a solid form using a conventional excipient or the like.

In addition, the acaricide may further include an excipient according to the method of use. The excipient preferably uses an appropriate material according to the use and application method of the composition, more preferably a material included in a conventional pesticide formulation.

In addition, the caprylaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde, 2-naphthaldehyde, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, naphthalene and phthalaldehyde of the present invention have acaricide activity and effect on various insects Eggplants can be used as substrates for parent compound for novel compounds. For example, the parent compound may be a hydroxyl group (-OH), an aldehyde group (-COH), an alcohol group (-OH), an amide group (-CONH) or an aryl group through a chemical synthesis based on the structure of a known substance Substituted derivatives can be prepared using synthetic methods customary in the art, such as alkylation, etherification or esterification reactions, such as -C ₆ H ₅ ).

Hereinafter, preferred examples are provided to aid in understanding the present invention. However, the following examples are provided only to more easily understand the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example  One: Acaricide  compound

Caprylaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde, 2-naphthaldehyde, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and naphthalene are purchased from Aldrich and phthalaldehyde from Fluka. It was.

Experimental Example  One

(1) mite breeding

Vertical dust mites were bred in a breeding room maintained at a relative humidity of 75 ± 5% and a temperature of 25 ± 1 ° C. The mixture was mixed in a 12.5 × 10.5 × 5 cm container with a feed of mixed vitamins (Ebije ^™ ) in a 1: 1 ratio. Saline water was poured into the feed room and the bottom of the container with a volume of 17.5 x 17.5 x 17.5 cm. The mites were bred without exposure to acaricide.

(2) European house dust mite, Dermatophagoide  pteronyssinus For) Acaricide  black

The most important point in the search for bioactive substances is the setting of the initial starting concentration. In the present invention, since the morphological characteristics of the tick have a microscopic structure, 1 mg of the sample per 2 ml microtube was set through several preliminary experiments. The compounds of Example 1 were dissolved in 40 μl of methanol at a concentration (80. 40. 20. 10. 5. 4. 2. 1. 0.5. 0.1. 0.05 μg / cm 2) and in colorless microtubes (2 mL). After the treatment was shaken up and down several times so that the material was evenly dispersed and buried on the wall and the lid of the tube, the solvent was evaporated for 1 hour in a freeze dryer. 25 mites were put in each tube, and the assay was carried out under the conditions of 25 ± 1 ° C.

The ticks were observed under a microscope to select only those with high activity using a fine brush. Assay results were examined under an optical microscope (20 times) after 24 hours of treatment, the subject was considered to have died without any movement by stimulating the appendage and torso with a fine brush. All assays were repeated 5 or more times and a comparison between the means for the rate of fertilization was made using Scheffe's test (SAS Institute, 1996).

The a potency of the six compounds according to the present invention is shown in Table 1 (vertical pattern dust mites). At this time, benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate, which are conventionally used as acaricides, were used as comparative examples. The same letters (a, b) in the following Tables 1 to 3 indicate that the mean is not statistically different ( P = 0.05, Sheffe test), and the insecticidal rate is represented by transforming the square of the arc sine.

compound Vertical pattern dust mite rate (mean ± standard deviation,%) Treatment concentration (㎍ / ㎠) 80 40 20 10 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.05 Caprylaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 85 ± 4.3 47 ± 2.9 ^c 15 ± 1.1 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 1-naphthaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 81 ± 2.2 ^b 43 ± 3.5 ^c 17 ± 1.3 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 2-naphthaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 62 ± 2.3 37 ± 4.4 ^c 12 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 95.9 ± 4.4 ^b 49.6 ± 5.0 ^c 18.5 ± 1.7 ^c naphthalene 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 89.4 ± 6.0 ^b 78.6 ± 2.9 ^b 57.4 ± 2.2 ^b 49.5 ± 4.3 ^c 27.4 ± 3.3 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d Phthalaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 94 ± 2.9 ^b 76 ± 1.7 ^b 62 ± 4.4 ^b 51 ± 2.2 ^b 28 ± 2.7 ^c 10 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Benzyl benzoate 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 32.0 ± 2.9 ^b 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Dibutyl phthalate 100 ^a 100 ^a 92.0 ± 3.8 ^b 62.2 ± 1.9 ^c 29.9 ± 1.7 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d

Table 1 shows the results of the astringent test for the vertical pattern dust mite, the compound having the best ratio of the six compounds is 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone with a minimum concentration of 1 ㎍ / At all treatment concentrations up to 2 cm 2, excellent agicide rate was shown. Next, 1-naphthaldehyde and caprylaldehyde were found to have excellent abundance.

The six compounds of Example 1 exhibited a 100% agicide rate when treated at 80, 40 ㎍ / ㎠ and 20, 10 ㎍ / ㎠ treated phthalaldehyde only 94%, 76% The remaining five compounds showed 100% agicide rate. At this time, the benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate of the control group treated with 10 ㎍ / ㎠ showed a low agicide rate of 32% and 62%.

In addition, when treated with 5 μg / cm 2, caprylaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde, 2-naphthaldehyde, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone showed a 100% abundance ratio, Naphthalene and phthalaldehyde showed 89% and 62% application rates, respectively.

At lower concentrations of 4 μg / cm 2, 1-naphthaldehyde, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone still showed a high abundance of 100% and the remaining compounds were 50 A ratio of more than% was shown. On the other hand, the control group benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate were all 0% could not be confirmed at all.

In addition, at the concentration of 2 μg / cm 2, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone was 100%, 1-naphthaldehyde and naphthalene was 50% or more, and the remaining compounds were 50% or less. The rate of fat was shown.

At a concentration of 1 μg / cm 2, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone still showed a high agitation rate of 100% and the remaining five compounds showed a affinity rate of 50% or less.

Furthermore, even at concentrations of 0.5 μg / cm 2 and 0.1 μg / cm 2, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone showed 95% and 49% abundance, compared to benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate, the control. It was confirmed that the rate of fat was much better.

(3) Big leg  American house dust mite, Dermatophagoides  farinae For) Acaricide  black

In order to determine the acaricide activity for the large leg dust mite was carried out in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, it is shown in Table 2. At this time, benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate, which are conventionally used as acaricides, were used as comparative examples. The same letters (a, b) in Table 2 indicate that the mean is not statistically different ( P = 0.05, Sheffe test), and the insecticidal rate is represented by modifying the square root of arc sine.

compound Percentage of application for large dust mites (mean ± standard deviation,%) Treatment concentration (㎍ / ㎠) 80 40 20 10 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.05 Caprylaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 72 ± 2.9 35 ± 3.3 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 1-naphthaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 70 ± 2.4 ^b 26 ± 1.3 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 2-naphthaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 95 ± 4.2 ^b 50 ± 2.4 25 ± 2.9 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 82.5 ± 4.3 ^b 32.5 ± 2.2 ^c 0 ^d naphthalene 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 83.2 ± 3.7 ^b 72.2 ± 1.2 ^b 50.3 ± 2.9 ^b 39.4 ± 3.3 ^c 15.3 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d Phthalaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 85 ± 4.2 ^b 65 ± 9.2 ^b 55 ± 1.2 ^b 41 ± 2.2 ^c 18 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Benzyl benzoate 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 32.0 ± 2.9 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Dibutyl phthalate 100 ^a 100 ^a 92.0 ± 3.8 ^b 62.2 ± 1.9 ^b 29.9 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d

Referring to Table 2, it can be seen that the six compounds according to the present invention show a similar ratio of the vertical pattern tick, particularly strong in 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone. The agitation rate was confirmed.

Specifically, all of the five compounds showed a 100% abundance at treatment concentrations of 80, 40, 20, and 10 μg / cm 2, and 85% and 65% at a concentration of 20 and 10 μg / cm 2 of phthalaldehyde alone.

At a concentration of 5 μg / cm 2, 95% of 2-naphthaldehyde, 83% of naphthalene, and 55% of phthalaldehyde were shown, while the remaining compounds showed a ratio of 100%. On the other hand, low control ratios of 0% benzyl benzoate and 29% dibutyl phthalate were observed. At a concentration of 4 μg / cm 2, 1-naphthaldehyde, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone still showed 100% abundance, caprylaldehyde 72%, 2-naphthaldehyde 50 The ratio of naphthalene 72%, phthalaldehyde 41%.

5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone showed 100% agicide at low concentrations of 2.0 and 1.0 ㎍ / ㎠, especially at the lowest concentrations of 0.1 and 0.05 ㎍ / ㎠ Compared with the control group benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate it was confirmed that there is an excellent acaricide effect.

(4) stored food mites ( Tyrophagus putrescentiae For) Acaricide  black

In order to determine the acaricide activity for the stored food mite was carried out in the same manner as in Experiment 1, it is shown in Table 3. At this time, benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate, which are conventionally used as acaricides, were used as comparative examples. The same letters (a, b) in Table 3 indicate that the mean is not statistically different ( P = 0.05, Sheffe test), and the insecticidal rate is represented by modifying the square root of arc sine.

compound Percentage of application for stored food ticks (mean ± standard deviation,%) Treatment concentration (㎍ / ㎠) 80 40 20 10 5.0 4.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.05 Caprylaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 75 ± 1.7 ^b 47 ± 3.5 ^c 15 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 1-naphthaldehyde 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 2-naphthaldehyde 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d naphthalene 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 89.7 ± 4.4 ^b 37.8 ± 2.3 ^c 15 ± 1.1 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Phthalaldehyde 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 87.5 ± 4.3 ^b 72.4 ± 2.9 ^b 51.2 ± 1.7 ^b 30.6 ± 2.2 ^c 11.5 ± 1.3 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d Benzyl benzoate 100 ^a 100 ^a 100 ^a 32.0 ± 2.9 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d Dibutyl phthalate 100 ^a 100 ^a 92.0 ± 3.8 ^b 62.2 ± 1.9 ^b 29.9 ± 1.7 ^c 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d 0 ^d

Referring to Table 3, the caprylaldehyde, naphthalene, phthalaldehyde of the present invention was confirmed to be 100% of the abundance ratio of 80, 40, 20 ㎍ / ㎠ concentration treatment, 1-naphthaldehyde, 2-naphthaldehyde , 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone could not be confirmed at all at the initial concentration.

In the case of 10 ㎍ / ㎠ concentration, two compounds except 89% of naphthalene was still found to have a strong killing effect of 100%.

In addition, it was confirmed that caprylaldehyde, naphthalene, and phthalaldehyde decreased the abundance ratio when the 5, 4 ㎍ / ㎠ concentration treatment. Benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate, used as controls, had already started to reduce the agitation rate from a concentration of 10 μg / cm 2 and could not confirm the agitation rate at 4 μg / cm 2. However, phthalaldehyde was shown to have a superior acaricide effect compared to the control group benzyl benzoate and dibutyl phthalate by showing the rate of fertilization at the minimum concentration of 1 and 0.5 ㎍ / ㎠.

As such, caprylaldehyde, 1-naphthaldehyde, 2-naphthaldehyde of formula 3, 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, naphthalene and phthalaldehyde are house dust mites and storage according to the present invention. Not only showed good acaricide activity against food mites, but also has a good acaricide rate compared to conventional synthetic acaricides.

Claims (4)

Caprylaldehyde of Formula 1, 1-naphtaldehyde of Formula 2, 2-naphtaldehyde of Formula 3, 5,8-dihydroxy- of Formula 4 1,4-naphthoquinone (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone), Naphthalene of the formula (5), and phthalaldehyde (Phthalaldehyde) of the compound consisting of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of Contains acaricides: [Formula 1]

[Formula 2]

[Formula 3]

[Formula 4]

[Formula 5]

[Formula 6]

The acaricide according to claim 1, wherein the compound of Chemical Formulas 1 to 6 has an acaricide effect against vertical pattern mites ( Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ) and large leg mites ( Dermatophagoides farinae ). The method of claim 1, wherein the caprylaldehyde of formula (1), naphthalene of formula (5), and phthalaldehyde of formula (6) are stored food ticks ( Tyrophagus) putrescentiae ) has an acaricide effect, characterized in that the acaricide. The acaricide according to claim 1, wherein the acaricide is used in the form of one or more formulations selected from the group consisting of liquids, emulsions, coatings, fumigants, fumigants, granules and solid agents.