RU2214093C2 - Preparation for protection against keratophages - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of insecticide preparations. SUBSTANCE: the suggested insecticide preparation is efficient in protecting keratin-containing materials against impact by moth and skin beetles (Dermestidae). Insecticide preparation to protect against keratophages, the composition of which includes active substance as synthetic pyrethroid and nonionogenic surface-active substances, contains alpha-cypermetrin as synthetic pyrethroid and polyoxyethylene glycol ethers of C₁₂-C₂₀ highest fatty alcohols as nonionogenic surface-active substances. Moreover, the composition is additionally supplemented with scent - lavender essential oil. All the components are mixed in certain ratio in aqueous ethanol solution. The present innovation provides acute insecticide action and prolonged antifeedant action of the present preparation that leads to no damage of woolen and leathery products by insects for prolonged period of time. This preparation is moderately toxic, possesses pleasant odor and leaves no traces on treated materials. EFFECT: higher efficiency of protection. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to means for controlling domestic insects, in particular to insecticidal preparations for the destruction of keratophagous insects (moths, skin-eaters) and the protection of products from them.

 The use of the invention is planned in everyday life and in warehouses where products from wool and other keratin-containing materials are stored.

The purpose of the invention is an increase in insecticidal activity and duration of action of the drug. For this, as ingredients in the composition of the product are used:
- synthetic pyrethroid - alpha-cypermethrin (alphamethrin): (S and R) -cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl ether (1R and S) -cis-3- (2,2 dichlorvinyl) -2,2 dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (main active ingredient) . Crystalline powder. It has a selective biological effect, high entomological activity, moderate toxicity, is widely used in various insecticidal compositions;
- Lavender essential oil, obtained from lavender inflorescences or by organic synthesis, a colorless liquid with the smell of lavender, is widely used in perfumery;
- syntanol - polyoxyethylene glycol esters of higher fatty alcohols C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ , paste from white to slightly yellowish. Used as a nonionic surfactant (surfactant) and degreaser in many industries;
- water-alcohol mixture is a solvent.

 Samples of different compositions of the antimole agent were prepared in a stainless steel reactor equipped with a stirrer. The process was carried out at room temperature by successively dissolving the calculated amounts of components in an aqueous-alcoholic solution.

 The components were loaded in the following order.

 A water-alcohol solution was poured, and then surfactant (syntanol) was loaded with stirring. After loading, the surfactants were mixed for 10 min and, without turning off the stirrers, lavender essential oil was added, mixed for another 10 minutes, and then, with the stirrer turned on, alpha-metrine was loaded.

The mixture in its entirety was mixed for 30-45 minutes at a workshop temperature (22 ± 2 ^° C) until a clear, uniform solution was obtained.

 The prepared samples of antimol formulations were subjected to entomological tests in laboratory conditions close to those described in the USSR copyright certificate 1701226 A1 taken as a prototype.

 The subject of the invention in this copyright certificate is a keratophage control agent containing synthetic pyrethroid permethrin as the main active ingredient in combination with a set of nonionic surfactants (neonol and oxanol), a water-alcohol extract of tobacco field waste and other components.

 As described in the prototype, tests of the proposed anti-moths samples were carried out with respect to the paid moth Tineola bisselliella and the skin-beetle Attagenus smirnovi by standard methods adopted to study the effectiveness of the insecticidal action of contact-type drugs against keratophagous insects.

The acute and residual insecticidal effects of the compounds were studied. All experiments were performed in triplicate using at least 30 insects in each experiment. The compositions were applied to the fabric with a spray gun at a consumption rate of 20 g per square meter of the treated surface. (Hereinafter, the designation g / m ² is introduced.

 At the same consumption rate, well-known formulations taken as a prototype were tested (formulations 7-9).

 In the experiments, moth caterpillars of 3-4 weeks of age were used, skin-bearer larvae of 11-12 weeks of age. Unstretched wool fabric was used as a substrate.

The acute insecticidal effect on moth caterpillars and skin larvae was evaluated by the "method of free contact" of insects with the surface of a tissue sample (40x40 mm) treated with the compositions and dried at 22-24 ^o C.

 The process of free contacting was carried out by placing a tissue sample with insects planted on it in a glass cup with a height of 6 and a diameter of 3.5 cm. A cup of calico was covered on top of the cup.

 Accounting for the death of insects was made 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 72 hours after replanting insects on a substrate (tissue).

When studying the residual insecticidal effect, tissue samples treated with the proposed compositions were stored indoors (at 22-24 ^o C) for 6 and 9 months. After these time periods, insects were planted on the samples. The consumption rate of the compositions was also 20 g / m ² .

 Accounting for insect death and evaluating the effectiveness of the compositions was carried out, as described above, after 6, 24 and 72 hours.

At the same time, according to a similar scheme, the residual insecticidal effect of the known composition was studied at a rate of its consumption equal to 40 g / m ² adopted in the prototype invention.

 The experimental results are presented in table 1.

As follows from the data in table 1, the known tool with a consumption rate of 40 g / m ² (formulations 1-6) provides 100% insect death both in acute action (almost after 6 hours) and in the residual effect - after 6 months from the moment of its processing.

When the consumption rate of a known product is reduced by half (up to 20 g / m ² ), a 100% death of moth caterpillars in acute action is achieved only 24 hours after replanting of insects, whereas for larvae of the skin eater, it is not achieved at all and even after 72 hours is 90-95% (formulations 7-9).

 Indicators of residual insecticidal action also indicate a marked decrease in the entomological effectiveness of the known agent.

So, for the above compositions (7-9), when the consumption rate is reduced to 20 g / m ² after 6 months of storage of the substrate 72 hours after replanting the moth caterpillars, their complete death is not achieved and is 85-90%. The death of skin-bearer larvae under these conditions is at the level of 80-85%.

However, higher entomological efficacy of both acute and residual insecticidal action can be achieved by using the proposed antimole formulations (formulations 13-15), for which, at a rate of 20 g / m ^2, 100% insect death in acute action is achieved after 3 hours.

 In terms of residual insecticidal action, the proposed compositions also significantly exceed the known ones.

 This is especially noticeable after a 9-month storage of substrates treated with the proposed compositions.

 Moth caterpillars planted on such substrates completely died (100% death) 72 hours after replanting. In the skin-bearer larvae for that period, this indicator reaches 72-75%.

At the same time, when using well-known preparations, even with a consumption rate of 40 g / m ² (compositions 4-6), the corresponding indices for moth caterpillars are 35–40%, and only 10–15% for skin-bearer larvae.

With a decrease in the consumption rate of known formulations (preparations) to 20 g / m ^{2, the} death of planted moth caterpillars on substrates after 9 months of storage is very insignificant, and the death of the skin-bearer larvae is not observed at all.

It is important to note that the death of the main part of insects is noted almost immediately after they come into contact with substrates treated with the proposed tool. On such substrates, up to 85% of planted moth caterpillars die during the first 3 minutes, whereas when using a known agent at its consumption of 20 g / m ^2, only 10-15% of moth caterpillars die (formulations 7-9), and at a flow rate of 40 g / m ² up to 50% (compositions 4-6).

 Thus, the proposed tool in comparison with the known drug can accelerate the death of moth caterpillars and larvae of the skin eater when they come in contact with the treated surface, which leads to the complete preservation of products (fabrics, fur).

 The effectiveness of the products (proposed and known) with respect to the ability to protect products from damage by keratophagous insects was evaluated by the antifidant effect, which manifests itself primarily in the fact that the tissue sample selected as a substrate is not eaten and, as a result, is not damaged by insects.

 The criterion of tissue resistance to damage by moth caterpillars is taken to be tissue ejaculation, i.e. loss of tissue sample in weight, expressed in mg and assigned to 10 insects [1].

 The criterion for tissue resistance to damage by the skin grub larvae is the weight of their excrement. Tissue is considered to be satisfactorily protected with a excrement weight of not more than 0.5 mg / insect [2].

 Data on tissue resistance to damage by keratophage insects are shown in table 2.

 From table 2 it can be seen that the proposed tool provides protection of the treated tissue (substrate) from the moth caterpillars and skin larvae larvae for 9 months, while the well-known drug by this time already loses its protective function.

 The optimality of the proposed composition is confirmed by the fact of a sharp decrease in entomological efficiency when the concentration of the components goes beyond the recommended limits (formulations 10-12, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 27).

 In some cases, going beyond these limits is not accompanied by a sharp drop in efficiency. So, an increase in the concentration of alfamethrin to 0.08% (composition 19) does not affect the insecticidal activity of the drug, but at the same time increases the cost of the composition and increases its toxicity. In addition, in order to neutralize the unfavorable odor of alfamethrin in this case, it is necessary to increase the content of fragrance (lavender oil) in the preparation, which increases the repellency of the preparation and, accordingly, reduces its effectiveness (composition 25).

 Considering the effect of syntanol in the proposed drug, it should be noted that syntanol itself does not have entomological efficacy, but within certain limits significantly increases it in alpha-metrine.

 Neonol and oxanol have no similar effect with respect to alfamethrin (composition 26).

 The water-alcohol mixture (ethanol - water) is used as a solvent and does not have any noticeable effect on the entomological effectiveness of the proposed agent (compounds 16 and 27).

 Lavender essential oil is used as an effective fragrance, which does not affect the insecticidal effect of the drug to a certain extent. The observed decrease in entomological effectiveness with an increase in the oil content in the proposed preparation (composition 25) is associated, as already mentioned above, with the repellent properties of the oil in relation to moths and skin-beetle.

Literature
1. GOST 9.05-75. Woolen fabrics. Laboratory test method for resistance to moth damage. M. 1975.

 2. Bry R.E. "Pyrethrum Post", T.12, 3, 1974.

Claims (1)

Keratophage control agent containing synthetic pyrethroid and ethoxylated nonionic surfactants, characterized in that alpha-metrine is added as synthetic pyrethroid, and polyoxyethylene glycol esters of higher fatty alcohols C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ are used as non-ionic surfactants in addition, perfume is additionally introduced - lavender essential oil and solvent - an aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:
Alphamethrin - 0.04-0.06
Polyoxyethylated esters of higher fatty alcohols C ₁₂ -C ₂₀ - 3.0-4.0
Lavender essential oil - 0.1-0.2
Ethyl alcohol - 55-65
Water - Up to 100l

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